CN111072720B - 一种膦酰基亚甲基取代的五元环状化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents
一种膦酰基亚甲基取代的五元环状化合物的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07F9/572—Five-membered rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/53—Organo-phosphine oxides; Organo-phosphine thioxides
- C07F9/5325—Aromatic phosphine oxides or thioxides (P-C aromatic linkage)
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Abstract
本发明记载了一种膦酰基亚甲基取代的五元环状化合物的合成方法,以1,6‑烯炔和二芳基氧磷为反应原料,有机染料为光催化剂,加入反应溶剂,在氮气保护条件下光照反应,合成目标产物,并通过IR、1H NMR、13C NMR、HRMS和X‑ray单晶衍射对目标产品的结构进行了表征和分析。该方法不需要任何添加剂、高温等苛刻、复杂的反应条件,具有反应条件温和、操作简单、后续处理方便、原料易得、易进行衍生化得到不同种类有机化合物等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成领域,特别涉及一种含膦酰基杂环化合物的简便合成方法。
背景技术
有机磷化合物在有机合成和药物化学等领域应用广泛,很多有机磷化合物具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、消炎镇痛等生理活性;吡咯烷普遍存在于一些天然产物和药物分子中,也是重要的药物合成中间体。因此含膦酰基吡咯烷类化合物的合成研究具有重要的意义。
在已有的报道中,镍、铜、银等金属能参与二芳基氧磷化合物反应形成磷原子自由基从而启动自由基加成/环化反应(Hu G.,Chen W.,Ma D.,et al;Silver-Catalyzed,Aldehyde-inducedα-C–H functionalization of tetrahydroisoquinolines withconcurrent C–P bond formation/N-alkylation;Journal of Organic Chemistry,2016,81(4):1704-1711);直接对吡咯烷类等环状化合物的官能团化反应也是一种合成膦酰基五元环状化合物的有效方法(Das D.,Seidel D.;Redox-neutralα-C–H bondfunctionalization of secondary amines with concurrent C–P bond formation/N-alkylation;Organic letters,2013,15(17):4358-4361)。现有的合成方法都采用过渡金属为催化剂,高价金属离子或过氧化物为氧化剂,因此合成得到的杂环化合物不可避免有重金属残留。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种合成膦酰基亚甲基取代的五元环状化合物的简便方法。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是:一种合成膦酰基亚甲基取代的五元环状化合物的方法,以1,6-烯炔和二芳基氧磷为反应原料,有机染料为光催化剂,加入反应溶剂,在氮气保护条件下光照反应,TLC监测反应进程,待反应完全后经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产品。
其中,R1基团为甲基;X为碳原子或氮原子;R3基团为芳基。
进一步的,反应溶剂为乙腈(MeCN)、1,2-二氯乙烷(DCE)、1,4-二氧六环(1,4-Dioxane)、四氢呋喃(THF)、丙酮(Acetone)、甲醇(MeOH)、氯仿(DCM)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中任意一种,优选四氢呋喃(THF)。
进一步的,光催化剂选自曙红(Eosin Y)、茜素红S(Alizarin Red S)、酸性红94(Acid Red 94)和荧光素(Fluorescein)等有机染料中任意一种,优选曙红Eosin Y。
进一步的,有机染料光催化剂的用量是1,6-烯炔的2.5mol%-20mol%,优选5%。
进一步的,1,6-烯炔、二芳基氧磷的摩尔比例为1:1.0~3.0,优选1:3.0。
进一步的,光照反应采用可见光,其光源为11W日光灯、23W日光灯、40W日光灯中任意一种,优选40W日光灯。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点和效果在于:(1)本发明原料廉价易得;(2)不需要复杂的添加剂参与反应;(3)本发明不需要高温,符合绿色环保理念;(4)本发明操作简单方便,安全可靠。
具体实施方式
本发明采用有机染料为光敏剂,温和反应条件下可以高效地合成膦酰基亚甲基取代的五元环状化合物,且所得产物含有多种官能团,可继续衍生化生成更多复杂的有机化合物。
实施例1
称取4-甲基-N-(3-甲基-2-丁烯-1-基)-N-炔丙基苯磺酰胺27.7mg(0.1mmol)、二苯基氧磷60.7mg(0.3mmol)和有机染料光催化剂曙红3.4mg(5%mmol)于10mL的无色透明反应管中,加入2mL四氢呋喃溶剂,氮气下室温光照搅拌反应,TLC检测反应进度,约24h后,待反应完全,经柱层析分离提纯(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1),得到白色固体,产率:83%。
白色固体(39.8mg,83%yield);m.p.198-202℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.58(s,6H),7.43(s,2H),7.37(s,4H),7.19(s,2H),5.89(d,J=22.3Hz,1H),4.09(dd,J=124.5,17.0Hz,2H),3.20–3.04(d,J=3.1Hz,2H),2.62(s,1H),2.33(s,3H),1.87(s,1H),0.90(s,3H),0.71(s,3H);13C NMR(CDCl3,150MHz):δ162.7,143.6,133.8(d,J=17.9Hz),133.1(d,J=18.9Hz),132.1,131.8(d,J=7.4Hz),130.7(q,J=6.2Hz),129.6,128.6(q,J=12.0Hz),127.8,114.1,113.4,51.8(d,J=14.0Hz),51.5(d,J=6.3Hz),47.9,30.4,21.4,21.0,17.5;IR(neat):ν=2923,2860,2308,1639,1447,1338,744cm-1;HRMS(ESI)[C27H30NNaO3PS]+[M+Na]+:理论测量值为502.1576,实际测量值为502.1570。
由以上数据可知,本发明成功地合成了化合物3-异丙基-4-二苯基膦酰基亚甲基-1-甲苯磺酰基四氢吡咯。
反应条件同实施例1,使用不同种类的催化剂时,产物产率如下表所示:
表1不同种类的有机染料催化剂时产物的产率
光催化剂 | Eosin Y | Alizarin Red S | Fluorescein | Acid Red 94 |
产率(%) | 74 | 45 | 22 | 20 |
由上表可知,当其他反应条件不变,光催化剂为Eosin Y时,产物的产率最高。
反应条件同实施例1,使用不同当量的催化剂时,产物产率如下表所示:
表2不同当量的催化剂时产物的产率
Eosin Y(equiv) | 0.025 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.20 |
产率(%) | 49 | 58 | 55 | 51 |
由上表可知,当其他反应条件不变,曙红(Eosin Y)用量为0.05当量时,产物的产率最高。
反应条件同实施例1,使用不同种类的溶剂,产物产率如下表所示:
表3不同种类的溶剂时产物的产率
由上表可知,当其他反应条件不变,溶剂为四氢呋喃时,产物的产率最高。
反应条件同实施例1,使用不同当量的磷试剂,产物产率如下表所示:
表4不同当量的二苯基氧磷时产物的产率
二苯基氧磷(equiv) | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 |
产率(%) | 47 | 58 | 83 |
由上表可知,当其他反应条件不变,二苯基氧磷的用量为3倍当量时,产物的产率最高。
反应条件同实施例1,使用不同光源时,产物产率如下表5所示。
表5不同光源时产物的产率
白炽灯 | 11W | 23W | 40W |
产率(%) | 56 | 74 | 83 |
由上表可知,当其他反应条件不变,使用40W家用白炽灯作为光源,所得产物的产率最高。
实施例2
采用实施例1相同的方法和反应条件,当1,6-烯炔为2-(3-甲基-2-丁烯-1-基)-2-炔丙基丙二酸二甲酯时,得到如下目标产物2,产率:94%。
产物2结构表征如下:
无色液体;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.82–7.71(m,4H),7.58–7.46(m,6H),5.99(d,J=23.7Hz,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.66(s,3H),3.05(d,J=18.5Hz,1H),2.84(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),2.46(dd,J=12.9,8.0Hz,1H),2.12(td,J=13.2,6.6Hz,1H),1.98(t,J=12.2Hz,1H),1.30(s,1H),1.03(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),0.88(d,J=6.7Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ171.8,171.5,168.0,131.4(d,J=2.3Hz),130.9(dd,J=19.5,9.8Hz),128.5(dd,J=12.0,6.7Hz),113.0(d,J=104.9Hz),58.5,52.7,51.5(d,J=13.9Hz),40.6,40.5,32.8,29.6,21.3,16.3;31P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ21.6;IR(neat):ν=2957,1736,1632,1439,1267,1192,1115,703cm-1;HRMS(ESI)Exact mass calculated for[C25H29NaO5P]+[M+Na]+:463.1645,found:463.1664.
实施例3
采用实施例1相同的方法和反应条件,当R3为3,5-二甲基苯基时,得到如下不同目标产物3,产率为36%。
产物3结构表征如下:
无色液体;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.65(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.26(d,J=6.8Hz,4H),7.22(s,2H),7.12(s,2H),5.93(d,J=22.0Hz,1H),4.23(d,J=17.0Hz,1H),4.04(d,J=17.8Hz,1H),3.25–3.12(m,2H),2.70(s,1H),2.39(s,3H),2.30(s,12H),2.01–1.93(m,1H),0.96(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),0.83(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):δ162.1,143.5,138.3(dd,J=12.7,1.7Hz),133.5(dd,J=5.4,2.9Hz),129.6,128.267(d,J=17.8Hz),128.266(d,J=1.9Hz),127.9,114.3(d,J=101.0Hz),51.8(d,J=13.5Hz),51.5(d,J=6.3Hz),47.8,30.7(d,J=1.4Hz),21.4,21.214(d,J=45.3Hz),21.211,21.0,17.4;31P NMR(243MHz,CDCl3)δ21.7;IR(neat):ν=2959,2923,2866,1639,1458,1345,1170,1039,860cm-1;HRMS(ESI)Exact mass calculated for[C31H38NNaO3PS]+[M+Na]+:558.2202,found:558.2201.
由以上代表性数据可得出本发明提供了一种合成含膦酰基亚甲基取代的五元环衍生物的高效合成方法。
Claims (4)
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,光催化剂的用量是1,6-烯炔的5 mol%。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,1,6-烯炔、二芳基氧磷的摩尔比例为1 : 1.0~3.0。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是,可见光的光源为11 W日光灯、23 W日光灯、40W日光灯中任意一种。
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