CN111072634A - 1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1h-吲哚类化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1h-吲哚类化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111072634A CN111072634A CN202010005245.9A CN202010005245A CN111072634A CN 111072634 A CN111072634 A CN 111072634A CN 202010005245 A CN202010005245 A CN 202010005245A CN 111072634 A CN111072634 A CN 111072634A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/06—Antigout agents, e.g. antihyperuricemic or uricosuric agents
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Indole Compounds (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及1‑取代‑3‑取代‑5‑取代酰胺‑1H‑吲哚类化合物及其制备方法和应用。所述的1‑取代‑3‑取代‑5‑取代酰胺‑1H‑吲哚类化合物的结构通式I具体如下:
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
痛风(Gout)是由于长期高尿酸血症(Hyperuricemia)导致尿酸盐沉积于关节和软组织而形成的一组异质性、代谢类疾病。其临床特点为:高尿酸血症,急、慢性关节炎,关节畸形,慢性间质性肾炎和肾结等,严重者还会并发肾衰竭和心脑血管病而危及生命。据统计,痛风已成为仅次于糖尿病的第二大代谢性疾病。近年来随着人民生活水平的提高和饮食结构的改变,我国的痛风发病率呈逐年上升的趋势,给社会带来了巨大的压力和沉重的经济负担。
痛风的发病机制为:当体内尿酸生成增多或排泄减少时,可导致体内尿酸水平升高,当超过其溶解限度时,尿酸会沉积于关节和软组织,引起炎症反应。尿酸是人体嘌呤代谢的最终产物。黄嘌呤氧化酶是嘌呤代谢中的一个关键酶。在嘌呤代谢的最后阶段,催化黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤氧化生成尿酸,因此抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶的活性可以有效的减少尿酸的生成,在高尿酸血症和痛风的治疗中,黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂占有非常重要的地位。
目前已上市的黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂有别嘌醇(Allopurinol),非布司他(Febuxostat)和托匹司他(Topiroxostat),种类十分有限且有一定的毒副作用,因此,研制高效低毒的黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂具有良好的市场前景。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物及其制备方法和应用,该类化合物在体外黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性测试中显现出了良好的效,可用于制备抗痛风药物。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案。
一种1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物,该化合物为如通式Ⅰ所示的化合物或其在药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物
其中:
各R1独立为吡啶、2-氯吡啶、2-氟吡啶;
各R2独立为醛基、甲醛肟基、氰基;
各R3独立为1-6个碳的烷基、2-6个碳原子乙烯基、环烷基、烯丙基、炔丙基、苄基、取代苄基;取代苄基可以是对卤代苄基、对氰基苄基、对烷氧基苄基。
所述的1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物,其特征在于,所述的通式Ⅰ的化合物为下述任意一种:
N-(1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(T1);
N-(3-甲酰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(T2);
N-(3-((羟亚胺)甲基)-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(T3);
N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A);
N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A1);
N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A2);
N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A3);
N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A4);
N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A5);
N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A6);
N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A7);
N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A8);
N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A9);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B1);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B2);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B3);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B4);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B5);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B6);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B7);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B8);
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B9);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C1);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C2);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C3);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C4);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C5);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C6);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C7);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C8);
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C9)。
但不仅限于以上化合物,只要化合物结构满足结构通式,均为本发明的限定范围。
一种1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤。
(1)以5-硝基吲哚为起始原料,经醛基化,制得中间体5-硝基-1H-吲哚-3-甲醛。
(2)5-硝基-1H-吲哚-3-甲醛与羟胺反应,再经脱水,还原后,制得重要中间体5-氨基-1H-吲哚-3-腈。
(3)5-氨基-1H-吲哚-3-腈与各类型酰氯反应,得到R2为氰基,R3为H原子的化合物。
一种药物组合物包括任一所述1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物和药学上可接受的载体。
所述的1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物或所述的组合物在制备抗痛风药物中的应用。
与现有技术比,本发明的有益效果如下。
实验证明,本发明制备的1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物在体外黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性测试中显现出了良好的效果,且无明显毒副作用。为今后的抗通风药物的深入研究和开发,开辟了新的途径。本发明所提供的通式Ⅰ吲哚类新化合物的制备方法简单可行,收率较好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但这些实施例仅为了对本发明加以说明,本发明并不限于这些内容。
一种1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物,所述化合物为如通式Ⅰ化合物或其在药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物;
其中:
各R1独立为吡啶、2-氯吡啶、2-氟吡啶;
各R2独立为醛基、甲醛肟基、氰基;
各R3独立为1-6个碳的烷基、2-6个碳原子乙烯基、环烷基、烯丙基、炔丙基、苄基、取代苄基;取代苄基可以是对卤代苄基、对氰基苄基、对烷氧基苄基。
通式Ⅰ所示化合物,在药学上可接受的盐包括钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、乙二胺盐等;在药学上可接受的水合物包括一水合物,二水合物、五水合物等;在药学上可接受的溶剂化物包括乙醇合物、双乙醇合物等。
通式Ⅰ所示化合物还可以与淀粉、微晶纤维素、硬质酸镁、甘油等药学上可接受的辅料制成组合物制剂。
下面通过实施实例进一步说明该类化合物的制备方法。
实施例1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物的制备方法。
a.5-硝基-1H-吲哚-3-甲醛的制备。
于500mL反应瓶中加入5-硝基吲哚(5.00g,30.84mmol),在0℃搅拌下缓慢加入三氯氧磷(14.18g,92.51mmol),维护温度反应1h后,室温反应完过夜。反应完毕后,加入冰水,调节pH至8-9,105℃下回流1h,冷却后倒入大量冰水,抽滤,滤饼用大量水洗,得滤饼,放入烘箱干燥,得黄棕色固体11.7g,收率:94.2%。
实施实例2
b.5-硝基-1H-吲哚-3-腈的制备。
于150mL反应瓶中加入5-氨基-1H-吲哚-3-腈(2.0g,10.52mmol),盐酸羟胺(3.65g,52.59mmol),甲酸钠(5.72g,57.92mmol)和甲酸(300mL),110℃下回流反应2h,反应完全,冷却后倒入大量冰水中,搅拌析出沉淀,抽滤,滤饼用大量水洗,得滤饼,放入烘箱干燥,得淡黄色固体1.72g,收率87.8%。
c.5-氨基-1H-吲哚-3-腈的制备。
于150mL反应瓶中加入5-硝基-1H-吲哚-3-腈(1.0g,5.34mmol),钯碳(0.1g)和乙醇(50mL),在氢气加压下室温搅拌4h后,抽滤,得滤液,减压浓缩至干得粗产品0.64g,收率:76.2%。
d.N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)酰胺的制备。
于150mL反应瓶中加入5-氨基-1H-吲哚-3-腈(0.64g,4.07mmol),三乙胺(1.24g,12.22mmol)和四氢呋喃(80mL),-10℃搅拌下缓慢加入酰氯(6.11mmol),维持反应温度30min后,室温反应过夜。反应完毕后,抽滤,滤饼用大量四氢呋喃洗,得滤液,减压浓缩除去大部分溶剂,加入大量NaOH水溶液(pH=11-12),析出沉淀,抽滤,滤饼用大量水洗,得滤饼,放入烘箱干燥,得到精产品,产率为76.8-89.5%。
e.N-(3-氰基-1-烷基-1H-吲哚-5-基)酰胺的制备。
于100mL反应瓶中加入N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)酰胺(1.5mmol),氯代烷烃(1.7mmol),NaH(4.5mmol)和DMF(10mL),60℃下反应过夜,反应完全,倒入冰水中,抽滤,滤饼自然干燥,得目标产物。
(1)N-(1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(T1)。
灰白色固体粉末,收率95.5%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.07(s,1H),10.33(s,1H),8.78(dd,J=4.5,1.5Hz,2H),8.02(s,1H),7.90(dd,J=4.5,1.5Hz,2H),7.44–7.38(m,2H),7.35(t,J=2.7Hz,1H),6.49–6.41(m,1H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.94,150.66,142.91,133.74,130.86,127.91,126.54,122.03,116.50,112.91,111.64,101.73。
(2)N-(3-甲酰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(T2)。
灰白色固体粉末,收率85.9%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.14(s,1H),10.51(s,1H),9.93(s,1H),8.79(d,J=4.3Hz,2H),8.55(s,1H),8.29(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.72(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=8.7Hz,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ184.62,163.43,150.05,141.96,138.88,133.97,133.37,123.94,121.40,118.15,117.72,112.93,112.06。
(3)N-(3-((羟亚胺)甲基)-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(T3)。
浅黄色固体粉末,收率87.3%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.13(s,1H),11.83(s,1H),10.50(s,1H),9.94(s,1H),8.77(d,J=4.3Hz,2H),8.56(s,1H),8.42(s,1H),8.28(s,1H),7.92(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.73(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.50(d,J=8.7Hz,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.43,150.05,148.36,141.96,138.88,133.97,133.37,123.94,121.40,118.15,117.72,112.93,112.06。
(4)N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A)。
灰色固体粉末,收率90.2%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.22(s,1H),10.55(s,1H),8.81(dd,J=4.5,1.5Hz,2H),8.26(s,1H),8.23(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.91(dd,J=4.5,1.5Hz,2H),7.66(dd,J=8.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.57(d,J=8.8Hz,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.62,150.09,141.89,134.72,133.07,132.07,126.73,121.37,117.57,116.15,112.82,109.68,84.20。
(5)N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A1)。
白色固体粉末,收率91.5%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.56(s,1H),8.80(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),8.23(s,1H),8.22(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=5.9Hz,2H),7.70(dd,J=8.9,1.8Hz,1H),7.64(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),3.87(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.30,150.75,142.44,138.51,134.01,133.38,127.67,122.03,118.03,116.51,112.10,110.35,83.58,33.94。
(6)N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A2)。
白色固体粉末,收率86.8%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.55(s,1H),8.80(d,J=3.5Hz,2H),8.31(s,1H),8.22(s,1H),7.90(d,J=4.0Hz,2H),7.69(s,2H),4.28(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.41(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.65,150.11,141.81,136.45,133.35,131.82,127.22,121.37,117.44,115.86,111.44,109.92,83.28,41.31,14.89。
(7)N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A3)。
白色固体粉末,收率89.1%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.56(s,1H),8.80(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),8.30(s,1H),8.22(d,J=0.8Hz,1H),4.21(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.84–1.78(m,2H),0.84(t,J=7.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.29,150.75,142.43,137.73,133.95,132.76,127.75,122.02,118.05,116.54,112.24,110.48,83.81,48.47,23.28,11.38。
(8)N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A4)。
白色固体粉末,收率92.6%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.55(s,1H),8.80(d,J=4.6Hz,2H),8.42(s,1H),8.22(s,1H),7.90(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),7.71(dd,J=24.6,8.9Hz,2H),4.83(dt,J=13.1,6.5Hz,1H),1.49(d,J=6.6Hz,6H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.65,150.10,141.81,133.93,133.35,131.61,127.21,121.37,117.38,115.93,111.58,109.92,83.65,48.06,22.03。
(9)N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A5)。
白色固体粉末,收率93.5%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.55(s,1H),8.80(d,J=4.6Hz,2H),8.42(s,1H),8.22(s,1H),7.90(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),7.71(dd,J=24.6,8.9Hz,2H),4.83(dt,J=13.1,6.5Hz,1H),1.49(d,J=6.6Hz,6H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.65,150.10,141.81,133.93,133.35,131.61,127.21,121.37,117.38,115.93,111.58,109.92,83.65,48.06,22.03。
(10)N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A6)。
暗黄色色固体粉末,收率86.8%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.55(s,1H),8.80(d,J=3.6Hz,2H),8.25(d,J=17.8Hz,2H),7.90(d,J=4.2Hz,2H),7.66(dd,J=25.6,8.8Hz,2H),6.03(ddd,J=15.5,10.0,5.0Hz,1H),5.22(d,J=10.2Hz,1H),5.10(d,J=17.1Hz,1H),4.92(d,J=4.6Hz,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.68,150.11,141.80,137.09,133.45,133.00,132.07,127.19,121.37,117.72,117.57,115.69,111.75,109.94,83.68,48.74。
(11)N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A7)。
土黄色固体粉末,收率89.4%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.61(d,J=13.9Hz,1H),8.80(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),8.30(s,1H),8.27(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),7.90(dd,J=7.2,4.9Hz,3H),7.76–7.71(m,2H),5.89(d,J=6.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ202.81,164.41,150.75,142.34,135.40,134.78,131.74,128.16,122.03,118.63,115.69,112.77,110.56,97.43,89.85,86.96。
(12)N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A8)。
黄色固体粉末,收率88.7%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.54(s,1H),8.79(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),8.45(s,1H),7.89(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.65(s,2H),7.37–7.25(m,6H),5.52(s,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.68,150.10,141.78,137.42,136.49,133.50,132.03,128.57,127.67,127.32,127.08,121.36,117.67,115.64,111.87,109.98,83.93,49.85,30.76,21.87,13.74。
(13)N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(A9)。
白色固体粉末,收率87.5%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.53(d,J=12.7Hz,1H),8.80(d,J=4.2Hz,2H),8.38(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),7.90(d,J=4.4Hz,2H),7.71(dd,J=20.9,8.9Hz,2H),4.94(dd,J=13.6,6.7Hz,1H),2.20(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),1.88(dd,J=22.7,5.9Hz,4H),1.72(s,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ163.64,150.09,141.82,134.33,133.41,132.25,127.31,121.37,117.38,115.92,111.84,109.86,83.61,57.37,31.85,23.30。
(14)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B)。
灰色固体粉末,收率89.3%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.23(s,1H),10.61(s,1H),8.62(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),8.25(s,1H),8.20(s,1H),8.03(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.64(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.56(d,J=8.7Hz,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.08,150.69,150.51,145.41,134.82,132.82,132.13,126.71,122.08,121.08,117.46,116.14,112.89,109.68,84.20。
(15)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B1)。
白色固体粉末,收率90.2%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.62(s,1H),8.63(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),8.22(d,J=18.0Hz,2H),8.03(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),7.67(dd,J=21.5,8.8Hz,2H),3.87(s,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.12,150.70,150.53,145.35,137.92,133.14,132.84,127.03,122.07,121.08,117.33,115.80,111.49,109.79,83.01,33.31。
(16)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B2)。
白色固体粉末,收率85.9%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.62(s,1H),8.63(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),8.32(s,1H),8.20(s,1H),8.03(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.69(q,J=8.9Hz,2H),4.28(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.41(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.10,150.70,150.53,145.33,136.53,133.11,131.89,127.20,122.07,121.08,117.34,115.83,111.49,109.94,83.30,41.32,14.90。
(17)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B3)。
白色固体粉末,收率88.6%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.61(s,1H),8.63(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.20(s,1H),8.03(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=21.5,8.9Hz,2H),4.21(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),1.86–1.77(m,2H),0.84(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.10,150.70,150.54,145.33,137.14,133.07,132.21,127.11,122.07,121.08,117.34,115.84,111.64,109.91,83.23,47.85,22.64,10.74。
(18)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B4)。
白色固体粉末,收率89.3%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.63(s,1H),8.63(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.44(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.83(dt,J=12.9,6.4Hz,1H),1.49(d,J=6.5Hz,6H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.10,150.70,150.54,145.33,134.04,133.11,131.66,127.16,122.07,121.09,117.27,115.92,111.65,109.92,83.65,48.05,22.04。
(19)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B5)。
白色固体粉末,收率85.4%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.63(s,1H),8.63(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.44(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.83(dt,J=12.9,6.4Hz,1H),1.49(d,J=6.5Hz,6H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.10,150.70,150.54,145.33,134.04,133.11,131.66,127.16,122.07,121.09,117.27,115.92,111.65,109.92,83.65,48.05,22.04。
(20)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B6)。
暗黄色固体粉末,收率88.4%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.64(s,1H),8.63(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.28(s,1H),8.22(s,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.65(q,J=8.9Hz,2H),6.03(ddd,J=22.4,10.6,5.5Hz,1H),5.22(d,J=10.1Hz,1H),5.09(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),4.92(d,J=5.0Hz,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.14,150.70,150.54,145.33,137.19,133.20,133.00,132.13,127.16,122.08,121.08,117.72,117.46,115.67,111.82,109.95,83.69,48.74。
(21)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B7)。
土黄色固体粉末,收率86.7%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.64(s,1H),8.63(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.28(s,1H),8.22(s,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.91(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.65(q,J=8.9Hz,2H),6.03(ddd,J=22.4,10.6,5.5Hz,1H),5.22(d,J=10.1Hz,1H),5.09(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),4.92(d,J=5.0Hz,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.14,150.70,150.54,145.33,137.19,133.20,133.00,132.13,127.16,122.08,121.08,117.72,117.46,115.67,111.82,109.95,83.69,48.74.
(22)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B8)。
黄色固体粉末,收率84.6%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.68(s,1H),8.63(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.46(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.90(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),5.89(d,J=6.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ202.35,162.12,150.70,150.54,145.33,134.03,133.11,131.66,127.16,122.08 121.09,117.26,115.92,111.64,109.92,96.79,89.88,86.97。
(23)2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(B9)。
白色固体粉末,收率90.5%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.69(s,1H),8.51–8.42(m,2H),8.23(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.72–7.60(m,3H),7.31(dd,J=23.5,6.7Hz,5H),5.52(s,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.18,162.23,148.24,147.90,137.54,136.49,133.27,132.08,128.58,127.68,127.27,127.09,120.03,117.61,115.54,111.96,110.00,108.00,83.90,49.82。
(24)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C)。
灰色固体粉末,收率83.9%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.23(s,1H),10.61(s,1H),8.46(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.26(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),7.87(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.70(s,1H),7.63(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.57(d,J=8.7Hz,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.18,162.17,148.23,148.01,134.84,132.80,132.13,126.71,120.05,117.49,116.15,112.91,109.69,107.67,84.19。
(25)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C1)。
白色固体粉末,收率88.6%。
(26)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C2)。
白色固体粉末,收率86.2%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.64(s,1H),8.46(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),8.32(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.75–7.64(m,3H),4.31–4.25(m,2H),1.41(t,J=6.7Hz,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.19,162.19,148.23,147.92,136.54,133.09,131.89,127.20,120.05,117.37,115.84,111.51,109.96,107.99,83.29,41.32,14.90。
(27)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C3)。
白色固体粉末,收率84.6%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.62(s,1H),8.46(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),7.87(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),7.74–7.65(m,3H),4.22(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),1.85–1.77(m,2H),0.84(t,J=7.3Hz,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.19,162.21,148.24,147.86,137.13,133.05,132.23,127.12,120.01,117.38,115.82,111.64,109.94,107.98,83.24,47.85,22.64,10.73。
(28)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C4)。
白色固体粉末,收率88.1%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.62(s,1H),8.49–8.40(m,2H),8.21(s,1H),7.87(d,J=4.1Hz,1H),7.78–7.65(m,3H),4.84(dt,J=12.9,6.4Hz,1H),1.49(d,J=6.5Hz,6H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.19,162.21,148.25,147.92,134.05,133.09,131.67,127.17,120.05,117.30,115.92,111.66,109.94,107.67,83.65,48.05,22.04。
(29)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C5)。
白色固体粉末,收率83.9%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.62(s,1H),8.49–8.40(m,2H),8.21(s,1H),7.87(d,J=4.1Hz,1H),7.78–7.65(m,3H),4.84(dt,J=12.9,6.4Hz,1H),1.49(d,J=6.5Hz,6H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.19,162.21,148.25,147.92,134.05,133.09,131.67,127.17,120.05,117.30,115.92,111.66,109.94,107.67,83.65,48.05,22.04.
(30)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C6)。
浅黄色固体粉末,收率81.4%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.63(s,1H),8.46(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),8.29(s,1H),8.23(s,1H),7.87(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),7.72–7.62(m,3H),6.04(ddt,J=16.1,10.4,5.3Hz,1H),5.22(d,J=10.2Hz,1H),5.10(d,J=17.1Hz,1H),4.92(d,J=5.0Hz,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.18,162.24,148.25,147.91,137.20,133.18,133.00,132.14,127.16,120.05,117.72,117.49,115.67,111.83,109.97,107.99,83.68,48.74。
(31)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C7)。
土黄色固体粉末,收率79.5%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO)δ10.68(s,1H),8.46(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),8.32(s,1H),8.26(s,1H),7.92(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),7.77–7.70(m,3H),5.90(d,J=6.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO)δ202.20,164.17,162.29,148.26,147.78,134.84,133.88,131.22,127.53,120.02,117.98,114.98,112.19,110.03,108.01,96.78,89.21,86.36。
(32)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C8)。
黄色固体粉末,收率85.2%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.69(s,1H),8.51–8.42(m,2H),8.23(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.72–7.60(m,3H),7.31(dd,J=23.5,6.7Hz,5H),5.52(s,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.18,162.23,148.24,147.90,137.53,136.49,133.27,132.08,128.58,127.68,127.28,127.09,120.03,117.61,115.64,111.96,110.00,108.00,83.90,49.82。
(33)2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺(C9)。
白色固体粉末,收率88.6%。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.62(s,1H),8.46(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),8.40(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),7.87(d,J=3.3Hz,1H),7.76–7.66(m,3H),4.94(dd,J=13.5,6.7Hz,1H),2.19(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),1.87(d,J=16.1Hz,4H),1.71(s,2H).13C NMR(126MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.19,162.31,148.36,134.44,133.14,132.31,127.28,120.04,117.30,115.91,111.91,109.89,107.98,83.61,57.35,31.85,23.28。
实施实例2目标化合物的黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性研究。
(1)试验材料。
试剂:黄嘌呤氧化酶(from bovin,Sigma)、黄嘌呤、磷酸二氢钾、氢氧化钠。
仪器:电子分析天平(AR1140型)、电热恒温水浴锅(DK-98-1型)、UV2100型紫外可见分光光度仪。
(2)实验方法。
反应稀释液:50mM的磷酸钾缓冲液,pH值7.4。
样品配制:准确称取10μmmol的样品,加100μL的DMSO溶解,然后加900ml的PBS得10mM的母液。
黄嘌呤底物的配制:准确称取9.127mg黄嘌呤,加少量NaOH溶液溶解,再加PBS溶液稀释至100mL定容(每天现配)。
实验步骤:反应体系中依次加入黄嘌呤氧化酶(反应浓度1.4U/L)、受试药物(阳性药物采用别嘌醇),25℃孵育15min后加入黄嘌呤底物(反应浓度86μM),反应60min后测294nm吸光度值。每个样品平行操作3次,分别记录反应速率,取平均值计算样品的抑制率。
空白对照组不加黄嘌呤氧化酶,加与样品同样体积的PBS,记录吸光度的变化作为空白对照。
根据下列公式计算样品对XOD的抑制率:
式中A样、A阴、A样空、A阴空:分别表示样品、空白对照、XOD对照品和酶对照品的吸收峰值,测试结果见表1。
表1样品在33μM浓度下对XO的抑制率。
实验证明,该类化合物在体外黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性测试中显现出了良好的效果,且无明显毒副作用。
Claims (6)
2.如权利要求1所述的1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物,其特征在于,所述通式I的化合物为下述任意一种:
N-(1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-甲酰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-((羟亚胺)甲基)-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氯-N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-乙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-正丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-环丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-烯丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-炔丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-苄基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺;
2-氟-N-(3-氰基-1-环戊基-1H-吲哚-5-基)异烟酰胺。
3.一种1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)以5-硝基吲哚为起始原料,经醛基化,制得中间体5-硝基-1H-吲哚-3-甲醛;
(2)5-硝基-1H-吲哚-3-甲醛与羟胺反应,再经脱水,还原后,制得重要中间体5-氨基-1H-吲哚-3-腈;
(3)5-氨基-1H-吲哚-3-腈与各类型酰氯反应,得到R2为氰基,R3为H原子的化合物。
4.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述的药物组合物包括权利要求1所述的1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物,及药学上可接受的载体。
5.如权利要求1所述的1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物在制备抗痛风药物中的应用。
6.如权利要求5所述的1-取代-3-取代-5-取代酰胺-1H-吲哚类化合物在制备抗痛风药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述的5-取代-1H-吲哚类化合物为权利要求1-2任一所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物或权利要求4所述的药用组合物。
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