CN111002663A - 一种太阳能光伏背板膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种太阳能光伏背板膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种太阳能光伏背板膜及其制备方法,包括保护层、铝箔层和复合塑料膜层,所述保护层的底部连接铝箔层,所述铝箔层的底部连接所述复合塑料膜层,所述铝箔层和复合塑料膜层通过胶水进行粘接。本发明制作的光伏背板膜,力学性能较为稳定,同时化学稳定性强,不易发生变色、出现条纹,不易破裂,并且具有抗氧化和腐蚀效果,原料成本低,值得推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏背板膜技术领域,尤其是一种太阳能光伏背板膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能背板位于太阳能电池板的背面,对电池片起保护和支撑作用,具有可靠的绝缘性、阻水性、耐老化性。初期太阳能背板具有三层结构外层保护层PVDF具有良好的抗环境侵蚀能力,中间层为PET聚脂薄膜具有良好的绝缘性能,内层PVDF和EVA具有良好的粘接性能。后为了降低成本,考虑环保,出现了一些不含氟的背板结构,如APE结构背板太阳能背板材料有:TPT太阳能背板,TPE太阳能背板,BBF太阳能背板,APE太阳能背板,EVA太阳能背板;
TPE太阳能背板:这是一个总称。热塑性弹性体。通常包括嵌段共聚物(苯乙烯类树脂、共聚多酯、聚氨酯和聚酰胺),以及热塑性弹性体掺混物及合金(热塑性聚烯烃和热塑性硫化橡胶)。其中,嵌段共聚物使用相对广泛。包含苯乙烯类树脂和氢化树脂。BBF太阳能背板:EVA+PET+THV制成的复合物。一般采用三层共挤。THV树脂是四氟乙烯、六氟丙烯和氟化亚乙烯的三元共聚物。它是目前韧性最佳的氟聚合物,并具有最高等级的光学透明度。APE太阳能背板:A层为尼龙12膜,具有综合的、优良的耐候性。中间层是改性的高分子材料合金。比传统的PET中间层长期耐水解和水汽阻隔性好,并具有优异的电气绝缘性能;E层为能与EVA封装胶膜的贴合层结合的改性聚烯烃材料,具有很高的耐紫外辐射老化性能EVA太阳能背板:乙烯醋酸乙烯脂树脂。柔韧度较好,常温下没有粘性,在一定温度下与背板和玻璃体现较强的粘接性能。
太阳能光伏背板在使用过程中需要贴膜进行保护,传统的光伏背板膜,物理和化学性能较差,容易出现磨损破裂,且易氧化腐蚀,这些问题就需要对传统的光伏背板膜进行改进,因此,在这里我们提出一种太阳能光伏背板膜及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明针对背景技术中的不足,提供了一种太阳能光伏背板膜及其制备方法。
本发明为解决上述技术不足,采用改性的技术方案,一种太阳能光伏背板膜及其制备方法,包括保护层、铝箔层和复合塑料膜层,所述保护层的底部连接铝箔层,所述铝箔层的底部连接所述复合塑料膜层,所述铝箔层和复合塑料膜层通过胶水进行粘接。
作为本发明的进一步优选方式,所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸15-25份、低密度聚乙烯8-16份、中密度聚乙烯6-14份、聚异丁烯7-14份、纳米级氧化钛1.2-2.5份、硅胶0.5-1.4份、钛酸四丁酯0.6-1.5份、甲基苯酚1.4-3份、硬脂酸镁0.6-1.8份、抗氧剂0.8-1.5份、增塑剂1.5-3份。
作为本发明的进一步优选方式,所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸15份、低密度聚乙烯8份、中密度聚乙烯6份、聚异丁烯7份、纳米级氧化钛1.2份、硅胶0.5份、钛酸四丁酯0.6份、甲基苯酚1.4份、硬脂酸镁0.6份、抗氧剂0.8份、增塑剂1.5份。
作为本发明的进一步优选方式,所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸25份、低密度聚乙烯16份、中密度聚乙烯14份、聚异丁烯14份、纳米级氧化钛2.5份、硅胶1.4份、钛酸四丁酯1.5份、甲基苯酚3份、硬脂酸镁1.8份、抗氧剂1.5份、增塑剂3份。
作为本发明的进一步优选方式,所述复合塑料膜层的加工步骤包括如下,
S1,苯二甲酸、低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、聚异丁烯、纳米级氧化钛、硅胶、钛酸四丁酯、甲基苯酚、硬脂酸镁进行粉碎,然后进行超声共振混合,持续25min,超声功率控制在220W,然后将超声处理后的原料送入混合箱内部,进行融化,加热温度控制在130-210℃;
S2,对原料进行充分的搅拌混合,控制转速在480r/min,持续20min,并持续不断加热,温度最高235℃;
S3,将抗氧剂、增塑剂加入至步骤S2中进行充分混合;
S4,将步骤S3中混合的原料加入到单螺杆挤出机中,控制温度在145-175℃的加工温度下进行热熔挤出吹塑成膜,最后定性收卷、包装即得。
作为本发明的进一步优选方式,所述铝箔层的生产工艺包括如下步骤,
A,铝箔加工,通过辊制的方式生产铝箔;
B,配置氢氧化钠,通过配制出浓度为3%-8%的氢氧化钠溶剂,然后将步骤a中加工的铝箔浸泡;
C,过水清洗,将步骤b中浸泡过后的铝箔通过纯水进行清洗,通过三次纯水进行清洗;
D,等离子轻度清洗,通过等离子对铝箔进行轻度清洗,清洗平整度控制在100纳米。
作为本发明的进一步优选方式,所述保护层设为聚酯纤维材质,制作包括以下步骤,首先将聚酯纤维送入浓度45%-67%的氢氧化钠溶液中常温浸泡15min,然后取出用清水清洗,再将聚酯纤维送入密封真空箱中,不断注入惰性气体氩气,并保持3℃/s的升温速度,不断升温至85℃,持续5min,最后通过钛材料磁控溅射,气氛为氩气,溅射在铝箔层外部,加工厚度控制在10-15um。
本发明所达到的有益效果是:本发明制作的光伏背板膜,力学性能较为稳定,同时化学稳定性强,不易发生变色、出现条纹,不易破裂,并且具有抗氧化和腐蚀效果,原料成本低,值得推广。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供一种技术方案:一种太阳能光伏背板膜及其制备方法,包括保护层、铝箔层和复合塑料膜层,所述保护层的底部连接铝箔层,所述铝箔层的底部连接所述复合塑料膜层,所述铝箔层和复合塑料膜层通过胶水进行粘接。
所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸15-25份、低密度聚乙烯8-16份、中密度聚乙烯6-14份、聚异丁烯7-14份、纳米级氧化钛1.2-2.5份、硅胶0.5-1.4份、钛酸四丁酯0.6-1.5份、甲基苯酚1.4-3份、硬脂酸镁0.6-1.8份、抗氧剂0.8-1.5份、增塑剂1.5-3份。
所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸15份、低密度聚乙烯8份、中密度聚乙烯6份、聚异丁烯7份、纳米级氧化钛1.2份、硅胶0.5份、钛酸四丁酯0.6份、甲基苯酚1.4份、硬脂酸镁0.6份、抗氧剂0.8份、增塑剂1.5份。
所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸25份、低密度聚乙烯16份、中密度聚乙烯14份、聚异丁烯14份、纳米级氧化钛2.5份、硅胶1.4份、钛酸四丁酯1.5份、甲基苯酚3份、硬脂酸镁1.8份、抗氧剂1.5份、增塑剂3份。
所述复合塑料膜层的加工步骤包括如下,
S1,苯二甲酸、低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、聚异丁烯、纳米级氧化钛、硅胶、钛酸四丁酯、甲基苯酚、硬脂酸镁进行粉碎,然后进行超声共振混合,持续25min,超声功率控制在220W,然后将超声处理后的原料送入混合箱内部,进行融化,加热温度控制在130-210℃;
S2,对原料进行充分的搅拌混合,控制转速在480r/min,持续20min,并持续不断加热,温度最高235℃;
S3,将抗氧剂、增塑剂加入至步骤S2中进行充分混合;
S4,将步骤S3中混合的原料加入到单螺杆挤出机中,控制温度在145-175℃的加工温度下进行热熔挤出吹塑成膜,最后定性收卷、包装即得。
所述铝箔层的生产工艺包括如下步骤,
A,铝箔加工,通过辊制的方式生产铝箔;
B,配置氢氧化钠,通过配制出浓度为3%-8%的氢氧化钠溶剂,然后将步骤a中加工的铝箔浸泡;
C,过水清洗,将步骤b中浸泡过后的铝箔通过纯水进行清洗,通过三次纯水进行清洗;
D,等离子轻度清洗,通过等离子对铝箔进行轻度清洗,清洗平整度控制在100纳米。
所述保护层设为聚酯纤维材质,制作包括以下步骤,首先将聚酯纤维送入浓度45%-67%的氢氧化钠溶液中常温浸泡15min,然后取出用清水清洗,再将聚酯纤维送入密封真空箱中,不断注入惰性气体氩气,并保持3℃/s的升温速度,不断升温至85℃,持续5min,最后通过钛材料磁控溅射,气氛为氩气,溅射在铝箔层外部,加工厚度控制在10-15um。
本发明光伏背板膜材料参数表格如下:表1
传统光伏背板膜参数表格如下:表2
综上述,通过表1和表2明显看出本发明的性能更优,本发明制作的光伏背板膜,力学性能较为稳定,同时化学稳定性强,不易发生变色、出现条纹,不易破裂,并且具有抗氧化和腐蚀效果,原料成本低,值得推广。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点,对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (7)
1.一种太阳能光伏背板膜,其特征在于,包括保护层、铝箔层和复合塑料膜层,所述保护层的底部连接铝箔层,所述铝箔层的底部连接所述复合塑料膜层,所述铝箔层和复合塑料膜层通过胶水进行粘接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能光伏背板膜,其特征在于,所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸15-25份、低密度聚乙烯8-16份、中密度聚乙烯6-14份、聚异丁烯7-14份、纳米级氧化钛1.2-2.5份、硅胶0.5-1.4份、钛酸四丁酯0.6-1.5份、甲基苯酚1.4-3份、硬脂酸镁0.6-1.8份、抗氧剂0.8-1.5份、增塑剂1.5-3份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种太阳能光伏背板膜,其特征在于,所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸15份、低密度聚乙烯8份、中密度聚乙烯6份、聚异丁烯7份、纳米级氧化钛1.2份、硅胶0.5份、钛酸四丁酯0.6份、甲基苯酚1.4份、硬脂酸镁0.6份、抗氧剂0.8份、增塑剂1.5份。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种太阳能光伏背板膜,其特征在于,所述复合塑料膜层包括以下具体材料份数,其中对苯二甲酸25份、低密度聚乙烯16份、中密度聚乙烯14份、聚异丁烯14份、纳米级氧化钛2.5份、硅胶1.4份、钛酸四丁酯1.5份、甲基苯酚3份、硬脂酸镁1.8份、抗氧剂1.5份、增塑剂3份。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种太阳能光伏背板膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述复合塑料膜层的加工步骤包括如下,
S1,苯二甲酸、低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、聚异丁烯、纳米级氧化钛、硅胶、钛酸四丁酯、甲基苯酚、硬脂酸镁进行粉碎,然后进行超声共振混合,持续25min,超声功率控制在220W,然后将超声处理后的原料送入混合箱内部,进行融化,加热温度控制在130-210℃;
S2,对原料进行充分的搅拌混合,控制转速在480r/min,持续20min,并持续不断加热,温度最高235℃;
S3,将抗氧剂、增塑剂加入至步骤S2中进行充分混合;
S4,将步骤S3中混合的原料加入到单螺杆挤出机中,控制温度在145-175℃的加工温度下进行热熔挤出吹塑成膜,最后定性收卷、包装即得。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能光伏背板膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述铝箔层的生产工艺包括如下步骤,
A,铝箔加工,通过辊制的方式生产铝箔;
B,配置氢氧化钠,通过配制出浓度为3%-8%的氢氧化钠溶剂,然后将步骤a中加工的铝箔浸泡;
C,过水清洗,将步骤b中浸泡过后的铝箔通过纯水进行清洗,通过三次纯水进行清洗;
D,等离子轻度清洗,通过等离子对铝箔进行轻度清洗,清洗平整度控制在100纳米。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能光伏背板膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述保护层设为聚酯纤维材质,制作包括以下步骤,首先将聚酯纤维送入浓度45%-67%的氢氧化钠溶液中常温浸泡15min,然后取出用清水清洗,再将聚酯纤维送入密封真空箱中,不断注入惰性气体氩气,并保持3℃/s的升温速度,不断升温至85℃,持续5min,最后通过钛材料磁控溅射,气氛为氩气,溅射在铝箔层外部,加工厚度控制在10-15um。
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