CN110981621A - Composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110981621A
CN110981621A CN201911206146.0A CN201911206146A CN110981621A CN 110981621 A CN110981621 A CN 110981621A CN 201911206146 A CN201911206146 A CN 201911206146A CN 110981621 A CN110981621 A CN 110981621A
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邵静
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Anhui Xijia Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
    • C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor

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Abstract

The invention provides a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, wherein the composite liquid microbial fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35% of compound microbial liquid, 8-13% of mineral source fulvic acid, 15-20% of biogas slurry, 5-10% of plant source fermentation extract, 3-5% of inorganic fertilizer, 2-5% of active carbon powder, 0.02-0.05% of surfactant and the balance of water; the compound liquid microbial fertilizer combines organic and inorganic matters, provides sufficient nutrition supply for vegetables and fruits, combines quick effect and slow effect, and provides continuous nutrition for the growth of the vegetables and fruits; meanwhile, the physical and chemical properties of soil can be effectively improved, the disease resistance and stress resistance of vegetables and fruits are improved, the pest and disease damage rate is low, and the yield and the quality of the vegetables and fruits are effectively improved.

Description

Composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, in particular to a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits and a preparation method thereof.
Background
People only see the positive influence of applying the chemical fertilizer on the yield all the time, so that the excessive consumption of soil organic matters, soil hardening, desertification, secondary salinization and the rapid increase of the cultivated land area with seriously unbalanced nutrition are caused, and the problem of the ecological environment of the soil is very serious. The deterioration of the ecological environment of the soil causes the reduction of the activity of soil microorganisms, the sharp reduction of the quantity, the poor development of crop root systems, metabolic disturbance, increasingly poor stress resistance, frequent occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, the over-use of pesticides by farmers and the over-standard accumulation of pesticide residues and other toxicants become problems which cannot be ignored.
Microbial preparations are polymers of various beneficial microorganisms and their products. The biological activity and metabolite thereof act on plants and soil, thereby achieving the purposes of promoting the absorption of fertilizer, improving the disease resistance and stress resistance of plants and improving the physical and chemical properties of soil. Because the liquid fertilizer has the advantages of instant dissolution, uniformity, high absorption rate, quick fertilizer efficiency, simple and convenient use and the like, the microbial preparation is used for preparing the liquid fertilizer, and has great market prospect.
Chinese patent with application number 200910129337.1 discloses a total nutrient liquid microbial fertilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of liquid microbial liquid, 5-10% of microbial preservative, 10-30% of plant inorganic fertilizer and 0.0001-0.01% of plant growth promoter. The microbial liquid fertilizer provides inorganic nutrients required for plant growth on one hand, and avoids the damage of the inorganic nutrients to beneficial live bacteria in the fertilizer and the influence on the survival time of the live bacteria on the other hand; meanwhile, the absorption of various nutrients by plants can be accelerated, and the effects of continuous cropping resistance, disease resistance, insect resistance, germ resistance and the like are achieved.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201110281334.7 discloses a drug effect type microbial fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, and active ingredients of the drug effect type microbial fertilizer consist of 10-20 parts of compound bacterial liquid, 20-40 parts of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation extract, 15-30 parts of nutrient components and 10-55 parts of plant source emulsification penetrant in parts by weight. The drug effect type microbial fertilizer can be in a liquid dosage form and is used for root irrigation and leaf surface spraying. The pesticide effect type microbial fertilizer can obviously improve the crop yield, improve the quality and prevent and treat various crop diseases and insect pests.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201610116361.1 discloses a liquid microbial organic fertilizer, which comprises a mixture containing a chelate, a microbial inoculum and a pH regulator, and the liquid microbial organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention takes fermentation waste liquid as a strain carrier, is low in cost, safe and pollution-free in raw materials, high in strain survival rate, capable of prolonging the quality guarantee period of the fertilizer, and is a liquid microbial fertilizer with comprehensive nutrition, a large number of effective viable bacteria, a long quality guarantee period, stable fertilizer efficiency and good environmental friendliness.
Above liquid microbial manure all has fine result of use on crops are planted, but the agricultural is developing fast, all has higher and higher requirement to the result of use and the feature of environmental protection of fertilizer, consequently develops neotype liquid microbial manure, can further promote the development of agricultural.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound liquid microbial fertilizer combines organic and inorganic substances, provides sufficient nutrition supply for the vegetables and fruits, combines quick effect and slow effect, and provides continuous nutrition for the growth of the vegetables and fruits; meanwhile, the physical and chemical properties of soil can be effectively improved, the disease resistance and stress resistance of vegetables and fruits are improved, the pest and disease damage rate is low, and the yield and the quality of the vegetables and fruits are effectively improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35% of compound microbial liquid, 8-13% of mineral source fulvic acid, 15-20% of biogas slurry, 5-10% of plant source fermentation extract, 3-5% of inorganic fertilizer, 2-5% of active carbon powder, 0.02-0.05% of surfactant and the balance of water.
In the invention, the preparation method of the compound microorganism bacterium liquid comprises the following steps: respectively culturing azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain fermentation liquor of each bacterium; the liquid culture medium for fermenting azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4-0.5% of starch, 1-1.2% of detoxified rapeseed dregs, 0.3-0.4% of yeast powder, 1.2-1.4% of glucose, 0.5-0.7% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.25% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.0-7.2; the culture temperature is 31 +/-2 ℃, and the culture time is 24-30 h.
The thallus in the obtained azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid reaches 3-8 multiplied by 1010cfu/L; the thallus in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor reaches 5-10 multiplied by 109cfu/L; the thallus in the fermentation liquor of Bacillus mucilaginosus is up to 1-7X 1010cfu/L。
And (3) mixing the obtained fermentation liquor with azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor: b, fermentation liquor of the bacillus megaterium: 1-2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor: 0.5-1: 0.5-1, and mixing uniformly to obtain the composite microbial liquid.
The preparation method of the plant source fermentation extract liquid comprises the following steps: mixing folium artemisiae argyi, chrysanthemum indicum and lantana camara according to a weight ratio of 1: 0.5-1: 0.1-0.3, mixing and crushing, mixing the crushed materials with the compound bacterial liquid, fermenting for 20-25 days, adding ethanol water solution of which the amount is 1.2-1.5 times of that of the fermentation material, dissolving and extracting, and filtering to obtain a plant source fermentation extracting solution; the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is 8-15%.
The biogas slurry is prepared by anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and crop straws in a livestock and poultry farm. The inorganic fertilizer is a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.4-0.5: 0.1-0.25; the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one of urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one of calcium superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate; the potassium fertilizer is at least one of potassium chloride and potassium phosphate. The activated carbon powder is straw activated carbon powder or coconut shell activated carbon powder; the particle size of the activated carbon powder is 10-100 μm. The surfactant is one of alkyl polyglycoside, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
The preparation method of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the formula ratio; adding an inorganic fertilizer into the biogas slurry, uniformly stirring, adding activated carbon powder and 1/3-1/2 water, stirring for 4-6min, adding the composite microbial liquid, the mineral fulvic acid and the plant-derived fermentation extract, stirring for 60-90min, adding the surfactant and the residual water, and stirring for 15-20min to obtain the composite liquid microbial fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the compound liquid microbial fertilizer is prepared, on the basis of the compound microbial liquid, the mineral source fulvic acid is added, so that the fertilizer utilization rate can be effectively improved, soil organic matters are increased, the compound liquid microbial fertilizer has good effects of promoting root growth, plant growth, drought resistance and cold resistance of vegetables and fruits, and the effect of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer is more stable and controllable. The biogas slurry contains various chlorine-containing acid, vitamins, proteins, auxin, saccharides, nucleic acid, antibiotics and other substances, and the inorganic fertilizer contains more nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other components, so that the composite liquid microbial fertilizer has more comprehensive nutritional ingredients and provides more components for the growth of vegetables and fruits. The active carbon powder is added to absorb a certain amount of active ingredients, so that a certain slow release can be achieved in soil, the obtained fertilizer can achieve the combination of quick effect and slow effect, not only can quickly provide sufficient nutrients for vegetables and fruits, but also can continuously supply nutrient ingredients, the active carbon is mixed with the soil after ploughing, the physicochemical property and the micro-ecological environment of the soil can be effectively improved, and the yield and the quality of the vegetables and fruits can be improved. Meanwhile, the activated carbon can absorb a certain amount of antibiotics, and the absorption of the antibiotics by vegetables and fruits is reduced.
The composite microbial liquid is a combination of azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid, bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid and bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquid, has good effects of fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphorus and potassium, and can effectively promote the growth of plants of vegetables and fruits, improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and effectively improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of the vegetables and fruits by the metabolism of the liquid.
The plant source fermented extract folium artemisiae argyi, the chrysanthemum and the lantana camara are used as raw materials, ethanol water solution is adopted for extraction after fermentation, the obtained plant source fermented extract contains various nutrient components, and meanwhile, the extract also contains various effective components, so that the plant source fermented extract has good effects of killing insects and preventing diseases, and the disease and insect pest rate of vegetables and fruits is remarkably reduced.
The composite liquid microbial fertilizer prepared by the invention combines organic and inorganic substances, provides sufficient nutrition supply for vegetables and fruits, combines quick effect and slow effect, and provides continuous nutrition for the growth of the vegetables and fruits; meanwhile, the fertilizer can effectively improve the physicochemical property of soil, improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of vegetables and fruits, has low pest and disease damage rate, effectively improves the yield and quality of the vegetables and fruits, is an environment-friendly fertilizer with excellent performance, and has great potential market.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32% of compound microbial liquid, 10.5% of mineral source fulvic acid, 16% of biogas slurry, 8% of plant source fermentation extract, 4% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of straw activated carbon powder (the particle size is 30-60 mu m), 0.03% of alkyl polyglycoside and the balance of water.
The inorganic fertilizer is urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium chloride according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.4: 0.2, and mixing.
The preparation method of the compound microbial liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain fermentation liquor of each bacterium; the liquid culture medium used for fermenting azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4% of starch, 1.15% of detoxified rapeseed meal, 0.35% of yeast powder, 1.2% of glucose, 0.6% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.0; the culture temperature is 31 +/-2 ℃, and the culture time is 28 h.
The thallus in the obtained azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid reaches 6 multiplied by 1010cfu/L; the thallus in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor reaches 8 multiplied by 109cfu/L; the thallus in the fermentation liquor of Bacillus mucilaginosus reaches 4 multiplied by 1010cfu/L。
(2) And (3) mixing the obtained fermentation liquor with azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor: b, fermentation liquor of the bacillus megaterium: the fermentation liquor of the bacillus mucilaginosus is 1.5: 0.8: 0.8, and mixing uniformly to prepare the compound microbial liquid.
The preparation method of the plant source fermentation extract liquid comprises the following steps:
mixing folium artemisiae argyi, chrysanthemum indicum and lantana camara according to a weight ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.2, mixing and crushing, mixing the crushed materials with the compound bacterium liquid, fermenting for 22 days, adding ethanol water solution which is 1.3 times of the amount of the fermentation material, dissolving and extracting, and filtering to obtain a plant source fermentation extracting solution; the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is 10%.
The preparation method of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the formula ratio; adding an inorganic fertilizer into the biogas slurry, uniformly stirring, adding straw activated carbon powder and 1/2 water, stirring for 5min, adding the composite microbial liquid, the mineral fulvic acid and the plant-derived fermentation extract, stirring for 80min, adding alkyl polyglycoside and the rest water, and stirring for 20min to obtain the composite liquid microbial fertilizer.
Example 2:
a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30.5% of compound microbial liquid, 11.5% of mineral source fulvic acid, 15% of biogas slurry, 6% of plant source fermentation extract, 3% of inorganic fertilizer, 2-5% of coconut shell activated carbon powder (particle size is 20-50 μm), 0.02% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and the balance of water.
The inorganic fertilizer is urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.4: 0.1, and mixing.
The preparation method of the compound microbial liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain fermentation liquor of each bacterium; the liquid culture medium used for fermenting azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4% of starch, 1% of detoxified rapeseed meal, 0.35% of yeast powder, 1.3% of glucose, 0.5% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.25% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.2; the culture temperature is 31 +/-2 ℃, and the culture time is 25 h.
The thallus in the obtained azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid reaches 4 multiplied by 1010cfu/L; the thallus in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor reaches 7 multiplied by 109cfu/L; the thallus in the fermentation liquor of Bacillus mucilaginosus reaches 2 multiplied by 1010cfu/L。
(2) And (3) mixing the obtained fermentation liquor with azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor: b, fermentation liquor of the bacillus megaterium: the fermentation liquor of the bacillus mucilaginosus is 2: 0.5: 1, and preparing the composite microbial liquid.
The preparation method of the plant source fermentation extract liquid comprises the following steps:
mixing folium artemisiae argyi, chrysanthemum indicum and lantana camara according to a weight ratio of 1: 1: 0.2, mixing and crushing, mixing the crushed materials with the compound bacterial liquid, fermenting for 22 days, adding ethanol water solution which is 1.2 times of the amount of the fermentation material, dissolving and extracting, and filtering to obtain a plant source fermentation extracting solution; the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is 12%.
The preparation method of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the formula ratio; adding an inorganic fertilizer into the biogas slurry, uniformly stirring, adding coconut shell activated carbon powder and 1/2 water, stirring for 6min, adding the composite microbial liquid, the mineral fulvic acid and the plant-derived fermentation extract, stirring for 90min, adding the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and the residual water, and stirring for 15min to obtain the composite liquid microbial fertilizer.
Example 3:
a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35% of compound microbial liquid, 9% of mineral source fulvic acid, 20% of biogas slurry, 5% of plant source fermentation extract, 3% of inorganic fertilizer, 5% of straw activated carbon powder (with the particle size of 50-100 mu m), 0.03% of alkyl polyglycoside and the balance of water.
The inorganic fertilizer is ammonium bicarbonate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium chloride according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 0.1, and mixing.
The preparation method of the compound microbial liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain fermentation liquor of each bacterium; the liquid culture medium used for fermenting azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4% of starch, 1% of detoxified rapeseed meal, 0.3% of yeast powder, 1.3% of glucose, 0.7% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water, wherein the pH value is 7.2; the culture temperature is 31 +/-2 ℃, and the culture time is 26 h.
The thallus in the obtained azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid reaches 3-8 multiplied by 1010cfu/L; the thallus in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor reaches 5-10 multiplied by 109cfu/L; the thallus in the fermentation liquor of Bacillus mucilaginosus is up to 1-7X 1010cfu/L。
(2) And (3) mixing the obtained fermentation liquor with azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor: b, fermentation liquor of the bacillus megaterium: the fermentation liquor of the bacillus mucilaginosus is 1.5: 0.5: 1, and preparing the composite microbial liquid.
The preparation method of the plant source fermentation extract liquid comprises the following steps:
mixing folium artemisiae argyi, chrysanthemum indicum and lantana camara according to a weight ratio of 1: 1: 0.2, mixing and crushing, mixing the crushed materials with the compound bacterial liquid, fermenting for 20 days, adding ethanol water solution which is 1.2 times of the amount of the fermentation material, dissolving and extracting, and filtering to obtain a plant source fermentation extracting solution; the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is 15%.
The preparation method of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the formula ratio; adding an inorganic fertilizer into the biogas slurry, uniformly stirring, adding straw activated carbon powder and 1/3 water, stirring for 6min, adding the composite microbial liquid, the mineral fulvic acid and the plant-derived fermentation extract, stirring for 90min, adding alkyl polyglycoside and the rest water, and stirring for 15min to obtain the composite liquid microbial fertilizer.
Example 4:
a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25% of compound microbial liquid, 8% of mineral source fulvic acid, 18% of biogas slurry, 10% of plant source fermentation extract, 4% of inorganic fertilizer, 3% of coconut shell activated carbon powder (particle size is 10-50 μm), 0.02% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and the balance of water.
The inorganic fertilizer is ammonium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium phosphate according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.4: 0.2, and mixing.
The preparation method of the compound microbial liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain fermentation liquor of each bacterium; the liquid culture medium used for fermenting azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5% of starch, 1% of detoxified rapeseed meal, 0.4% of yeast powder, 1.2% of glucose, 0.6% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.0; the culture temperature is 31 +/-2 ℃, and the culture time is 24 h.
The thallus in the obtained azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid reaches 8 multiplied by 1010cfu/L; the thallus in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor reaches 8 multiplied by 109cfu/L; the thallus in the fermentation liquor of Bacillus mucilaginosus reaches 6 multiplied by 1010cfu/L。
(2) And (3) mixing the obtained fermentation liquor with azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor: b, fermentation liquor of the bacillus megaterium: the fermentation liquor of the bacillus mucilaginosus is 2: 1: 0.5 volume ratio, and preparing the compound microbial liquid.
The preparation method of the plant source fermentation extract liquid comprises the following steps:
mixing folium artemisiae argyi, chrysanthemum indicum and lantana camara according to a weight ratio of 1: 0.5: 0.1, mixing and crushing, mixing the crushed materials with compound bacteria liquid, fermenting for 25 days, adding ethanol water solution of which the amount is 1.5 times that of the fermentation material, dissolving and extracting, and filtering to obtain a plant source fermentation extracting solution; the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is 8%.
The preparation method of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the formula ratio; adding an inorganic fertilizer into the biogas slurry, uniformly stirring, adding coconut shell activated carbon powder and 1/2 water, stirring for 6min, adding the composite microbial liquid, the mineral fulvic acid and the plant-derived fermentation extract, stirring for 60min, adding the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and the residual water, and stirring for 20min to obtain the composite liquid microbial fertilizer.
Example 5:
a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28.5% of compound microbial liquid, 13% of mineral source fulvic acid, 15% of biogas slurry, 7% of plant source fermentation extract, 5% of inorganic fertilizer, 2% of straw activated carbon powder (particle size of 20-60 mu m), 0.05% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and the balance of water.
The inorganic fertilizer is urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.45: 0.25 by mixing.
The preparation method of the compound microbial liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain fermentation liquor of each bacterium; the liquid culture medium used for fermenting azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.45% of starch, 1.1% of detoxified rapeseed meal, 0.3% of yeast powder, 1.4% of glucose, 0.5% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.25% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.0; the culture temperature is 31 +/-2 ℃, and the culture time is 30 h.
The obtained azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquidUp to 5X 1010cfu/L; the thallus in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor reaches 10 multiplied by 109cfu/L; the thallus in the fermentation liquor of Bacillus mucilaginosus reaches 5 multiplied by 1010cfu/L。
(2) And (3) mixing the obtained fermentation liquor with azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor: b, fermentation liquor of the bacillus megaterium: the fermentation liquor of the bacillus mucilaginosus is 1: 0.8: 0.8, and mixing uniformly to prepare the compound microbial liquid.
The preparation method of the plant source fermentation extract liquid comprises the following steps:
mixing folium artemisiae argyi, chrysanthemum indicum and lantana camara according to a weight ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.3, mixing and crushing, mixing the crushed materials with the compound bacterial liquid, fermenting for 22 times, adding ethanol water solution of which the amount is 1.3 times that of the fermentation material, dissolving and extracting, and filtering to obtain a plant source fermentation extracting solution; the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is 11%.
The preparation method of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits is the same as that of the example 1.
Example 6:
a composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits comprises the following components in parts by weight: 34% of compound microbial liquid, 9% of mineral source fulvic acid, 18% of biogas slurry, 8% of plant source fermentation extract, 4% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of straw activated carbon powder (the particle size is 40-80 μm), 0.03% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and the balance of water.
The inorganic fertilizer is urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 0.2, and mixing.
The preparation method of the compound microbial liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain fermentation liquor of each bacterium; the liquid culture medium used for fermenting azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5% of starch, 1.2% of detoxified rapeseed meal, 0.35% of yeast powder, 1.4% of glucose, 0.7% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.2; the culture temperature is 31 +/-2 ℃, and the culture time is 27 h.
The thallus in the obtained azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor reaches 5 in the form of a extract1010cfu/L; the thallus in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor reaches 8 multiplied by 109cfu/L; the thallus in the fermentation liquor of Bacillus mucilaginosus reaches 7 multiplied by 1010cfu/L。
(2) And (3) mixing the obtained fermentation liquor with azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor: b, fermentation liquor of the bacillus megaterium: the fermentation liquor of the bacillus mucilaginosus is 1.5: 0.8: 0.8, and mixing uniformly to prepare the compound microbial liquid.
The preparation method of the plant source fermentation extract liquid comprises the following steps:
mixing folium artemisiae argyi, chrysanthemum indicum and lantana camara according to a weight ratio of 1: 1: 0.2, mixing and crushing, mixing the crushed materials with the compound bacterial liquid, fermenting for 25 days, adding ethanol water solution of which the amount is 1.5 times that of the fermentation material, dissolving and extracting, and filtering to obtain a plant source fermentation extracting solution; the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is 12%.
The preparation method of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits is the same as that of the embodiment 2.
The biogas slurry in the embodiments 1-6 of the invention is prepared by anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and crop straws in livestock and poultry farms.
Planting test:
1. vegetable type and soil selection
Selecting a certain tree vegetable planting base to plant small green vegetables, collecting a soil sample of the vegetable planting base before sowing, and detecting, wherein the basic physicochemical properties of the soil are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 basic physicochemical Properties of the soil
Figure BDA0002296983440000121
2. Design of experiments
The experiment set up 5 treatments, each of which was repeated 3 times, each treatment cell having an area of 12m2And the cells are randomly arranged.
Treatment 1: the conventional base fertilizer application method comprises the following specific steps: 3000 kg/mu of decomposed pig manure, 25 kg/mu of urea, 5 kg/mu of ammonium sulfate and 15 kg/mu of monopotassium phosphate.
And (3) treatment 2: liquid microbial fertilizer + conventional fertilization in example 1; the dosage of the liquid microbial fertilizer in the whole growth period is 10L/mu. Spraying the diluted liquid microbial fertilizer for the first time 18 days after seedling emergence, and spraying the diluted liquid microbial fertilizer for another time after 20 days.
And (3) treatment: liquid microbial fertilizer + conventional fertilization in example 2; the dosage of the liquid microbial fertilizer in the whole growth period is 10L/mu. Spraying the diluted liquid microbial fertilizer for the first time 18 days after seedling emergence, and spraying the diluted liquid microbial fertilizer for another time after 20 days.
And (4) treatment: liquid microbial fertilizer + conventional fertilization in example 3; the dosage of the liquid microbial fertilizer in the whole growth period is 10L/mu. Spraying the diluted liquid microbial fertilizer for the first time 18 days after seedling emergence, and spraying the diluted liquid microbial fertilizer for another time after 20 days.
And (4) treatment 5: unlike treatment 2, the diluted liquid microbial fertilizer applied in example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of clear water.
3. Management of field
Sowing the small green vegetables in late ten days of September, treating for 1-5, and performing water and fertilizer management in the field management in the growing period of the small green vegetables according to a conventional mode.
4. Analysis of yield and quality
In the beginning of twelve months, the brassica chinensis in each treatment is harvested uniformly, the yield is calculated, 20 brassica chinensis in each cell are randomly extracted, the average plant height and the plant spread of each treatment are calculated, and the specific results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 yield and quality of Brassica oleracea
Figure BDA0002296983440000131
As can be seen from Table 2, the compound liquid microbial fertilizer in the embodiments 1-3 of the invention has good effect on promoting the growth of the small green vegetables, obviously improves the yield and the quality, and obviously reduces the pest and disease damage rate, thereby improving the economic benefit of farmers. The liquid microbial fertilizer has the advantages of low application amount and low cost, and is sprayed only twice in the growth process, so that the labor force is reduced, and the production cost is reduced. Therefore, the compound liquid microbial fertilizer is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 25-35% of compound microbial liquid, 8-13% of mineral source fulvic acid, 15-20% of biogas slurry, 5-10% of plant source fermentation extract, 3-5% of inorganic fertilizer, 2-5% of active carbon powder, 0.02-0.05% of surfactant and the balance of water.
2. The compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the compound microbial liquid comprises the following steps: respectively culturing azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain fermentation liquor of each bacterium; and (3) mixing the obtained fermentation liquor with azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquor: b, fermentation liquor of the bacillus megaterium: 1-2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor: 0.5-1: 0.5-1, and mixing uniformly to obtain the composite microbial liquid.
3. The compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables, melons and fruits according to claim 1, wherein thallus in azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid reaches 3-8 x 1010cfu/L; the thallus in the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor reaches 5-10 multiplied by 109cfu/L; the thallus in the fermentation liquor of Bacillus mucilaginosus is up to 1-7X 1010cfu/L。
4. The compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, wherein the liquid culture medium for fermentation of azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.4-0.5% of starch, 1-1.2% of detoxified rapeseed dregs, 0.3-0.4% of yeast powder, 1.2-1.4% of glucose, 0.5-0.7% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.25% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.0-7.2; the culture temperature is 31 +/-2 ℃, and the culture time is 24-30 h.
5. The compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, wherein the biogas slurry is prepared by anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and crop straws in livestock and poultry farms.
6. The compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the plant-derived fermentation extract comprises the following steps: mixing folium artemisiae argyi, chrysanthemum indicum and lantana camara according to a weight ratio of 1: 0.5-1: 0.1-0.3, mixing and crushing, mixing the crushed materials with the compound bacterial liquid, fermenting for 20-25 days, adding ethanol water solution of which the amount is 1.2-1.5 times of that of the fermentation material, dissolving and extracting, and filtering to obtain a plant source fermentation extracting solution; the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is 8-15%.
7. The compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fertilizer is a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1: 0.4-0.5: 0.1-0.25; the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one of urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one of calcium superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate; the potassium fertilizer is at least one of potassium chloride and potassium phosphate.
8. The compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon powder is straw activated carbon powder or coconut shell activated carbon powder; the particle size of the activated carbon powder is 10-100 μm.
9. The compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is one of alkyl polyglycoside, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
10. The preparation method of the compound liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the formula ratio; adding an inorganic fertilizer into the biogas slurry, uniformly stirring, adding activated carbon powder and 1/3-1/2 water, stirring for 4-6min, adding the composite microbial liquid, the mineral fulvic acid and the plant-derived fermentation extract, stirring for 60-90min, adding the surfactant and the residual water, and stirring for 15-20min to obtain the composite liquid microbial fertilizer.
CN201911206146.0A 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 Composite liquid microbial fertilizer for vegetables and fruits and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN110981621A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113079783A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-07-09 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 Water, carbon, fertilizer and pesticide coupled flue-cured tobacco fertilization method
CN113321547A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-31 贵州省草业研究所 Rhizosphere growth promoting water-soluble microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113079783A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-07-09 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 Water, carbon, fertilizer and pesticide coupled flue-cured tobacco fertilization method
CN113321547A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-31 贵州省草业研究所 Rhizosphere growth promoting water-soluble microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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