CN110959493A - Method for preventing lily from degeneration - Google Patents
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- CN110959493A CN110959493A CN201911107631.2A CN201911107631A CN110959493A CN 110959493 A CN110959493 A CN 110959493A CN 201911107631 A CN201911107631 A CN 201911107631A CN 110959493 A CN110959493 A CN 110959493A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/35—Bulbs; Alliums, e.g. onions or leeks
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing longya lily from degeneration, which comprises the steps of seed selection, embryo stripping culture, seedling hardening and transplanting and scale cuttage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lily of longya breeding, in particular to a method for preventing lily of longya from degeneration.
Background
The Longya lilies are cultivated in south China, east China and China, and are distributed in the provinces of Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi and the like with the elevation of 300-900 meters. Mainly produced in Shaoyang, Longhui, Shaoyong and Jiangxi provinces of Hunan provinces, and the like, has the medicinal effects of tonifying lung and yin, clearing heart fire and soothing nerves, generally can produce 1000-2000 kg of fresh lily per mu, and has high economic benefit.
However, the variety of the lilium brownii in production is seriously degenerated, and the diseases which endanger the rootstocks are increased year by year, such as Lily Symptomless Virus (LSV) and lily mottle virus (LMoV), influence the yield of the lilium brownii and greatly restrict the development of the lilium brownii industry. In the prior art, the problem of the degradation of the lilium brownii is mainly solved by a method for removing the stem tip and detoxifying the lilium brownii by using a cultivated variety, but the stem tip detoxification effect is limited, so that the problem of the degradation of the lilium brownii variety is urgently needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing lily from degeneration aiming at the defects in the prior art, which effectively solves the problem of lily from degeneration by selecting excellent strains from sexual offspring through a method of recovering sexual detoxification of wild stock seeds and combining a scale cutting propagation technology.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preventing lily from degeneration comprises the following steps:
s1, seed selection: searching original seeds of the lilium brownii in the field, taking the fruits of the lilium brownii as explants, and sterilizing the lilium brownii;
s2, culturing: cutting the fruits processed in the step S1, peeling off the embryos, inoculating the embryos onto a culture medium, and performing primary culture, secondary culture and rooting culture;
s3, hardening and transplanting seedlings: hardening off seedlings in a greenhouse with the altitude of 800-1200 m, hardening off the seedlings by river sand or silt as a substrate, washing off a culture medium before hardening off, transplanting, carrying out field management according to a conventional cultivation technology, cultivating flowering seedballs after 1 year of growth, selecting single plants with the original variety and excellent properties of the longya lilies, harvesting the seedballs according to the single plants, and storing for later use;
s4, scale cuttage:
s41, selecting a seedbed: selecting a plot which faces the sun and has good drainage as a seedbed;
s42, soil preparation: performing first soil preparation 15-20 days before sowing, after 50-75 kg of quicklime is scattered per mu, deeply turning the soil layer by 20-25 cm, and allowing the soil layer to weather; performing second soil preparation before planting, scattering the compound fertilizer on the ground surface, turning the soil to 15-20 cm deep, and then ditching according to a compartment width of 1.6 m, wherein the compartment ditch depth is 20-30 cm, and the main ditch and the surrounding ditch depth is 30-35 cm;
s43, scale pretreatment: taking out the seed balls cultured in the step S3 during the period from white exposure to autumn, tedding for one day to ensure that the scales are partially dehydrated and loosened, stripping 2 nd to 3 rd layers of scales on the periphery from the base part of the white phosphorus stem as a propagation material, sterilizing the scales, and then drying in the sun for later use;
s44, sowing: sowing the lily scales by adopting a drill sowing mode, a wide drill sowing mode or a small-compartment scattering mode, and covering the soil surface after sowing is finished;
s45, field management: in late autumn and early winter, wound healing tissues at the base parts of the scales are differentiated to form small bulbs with young roots, the covering is lifted off before the agricultural calendar year, and weeds are removed after seedlings emerge in late 3 months, so that the soil is kept loose;
s46, harvesting: during the period from summer heat to early autumn, the seedling stems of the lilium brownii are withered and can be harvested, the harvested bulbs are the bulbs, more than 30g of the bulbs are classified according to three standards of 30-50 g, 50-100 g and more than 100g, and the lilium brownii bulbs which can be used for field production are obtained.
Further, the method further comprises the steps of:
s5, bulb secondary planting: continuously cultivating the bulbs below 30g harvested in the step S4, dividing the bulbs into large bulbs, medium bulbs and small bulbs according to the weight of more than 20g, 10-20 g and less than 10g, and repeating the steps S2-S4, wherein in the transplanting process of the step S2, the plant spacing of the large bulbs is 15 cm, the row spacing is 25cm, the plant spacing of the medium bulbs and the small bulbs is 10-12 cm, and the row spacing is 20 cm; and harvesting the lily bulbs when the summer heat is great in the next year to obtain the lily bulbs for field production.
Further, the sterilization treatment in step S1 is performed by flame sterilization, in which the fruits are washed clean with tap water, dried, then soaked in 75% alcohol for 30 seconds, and then dried by burning with an alcohol lamp.
Further, the formula of the primary culture medium in the step S2 is MS + 0.1-0.3 mg/L6-BA + 3% sucrose.
Further, in the step S2, the formula of the culture medium for subculture of 2-5 generations is MS + 0.05-0.2 mg/L6-BA + sucrose 3%, and the formula of the culture medium for subculture of 5-10 generations is MS + 0.01-0.05 mg/L6-BA + sucrose 3%.
Further, the row spacing of the transplanted plants in the step S3 is 5cm × 5 cm.
Further, the width of the sowing ditch of the drill sowing in the step S44 is 10cm, the depth is 10cm, the row spacing is 20cm, after the sowing ditch is opened, soil treatment is carried out by using dixon or carbendazim and 5% chlorpyrifos granules, two rows of scales are alternately inserted obliquely or planted in a horseshoe shape in each sowing ditch, the inward curved surfaces of the scales face upwards, and the distance between the scales is 5 cm. After the scales are put, covering soil with 3-5 cm, wherein the compartment surface is in a turtle back shape, and then covering with straws or firewood.
Further, in the wide-width drilling in the step S44, the width is 15-20 cm, the width distance is 20-25 cm, the processed scales are placed at a chip distance of 4-5 cm, the tips of the scales face outwards, two lines are arranged in each ditch in a staggered mode, the scales are planted in a covering mode, the ground is ploughed flat, and the scales are covered with firewood or wheat straws.
Further, in the step S44, in the small-compartment scattering, each compartment is 1.2m wide, 200-220 flakes are uniformly scattered per square meter, all the flakes are arranged to be inward-bent and upward, then fine soil is scattered to cover the seeds, and the seeds are covered with firewood or a sunshade net.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method takes the fruits of the wild lilium brownii original seed as explants, selects the best seeds from sexual offspring by a sexual detoxification resuscitation method, and breeds the good seed balls by combining a scale cuttage method, thereby effectively solving the problem of the degeneration of lilium brownii varieties.
The lilium brownii seedball cultivated by the method has high unit weight, meets the seed standard for field production, has high reproduction coefficient, can be continuously cultivated and propagated for 2 years in one mu of scale seedbed, has a breeding area of 6 mu, and can be used for seeds for fields of 25-30 mu.
The method solves the problem of degeneration of the variety of the lilium brownii by utilizing the wild stock seeds and the sexual detoxification, the cultivated seed balls are not infected by viruses, and the yield of the lilium brownii can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific examples.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for preventing lily from degeneration, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, seed selection: the method comprises the following steps of (1) searching original strains of the longya lily in the field, taking fruits of the longya lily as explants, and carrying out sterilization treatment: washing fruits with tap water, air drying, soaking in 75% alcohol for 30 s, and burning on alcohol lamp;
s2, culturing: cutting the fruits processed in the step S1, peeling off the embryos, inoculating the embryos onto a culture medium, and performing primary culture, secondary culture and rooting culture, wherein the formula of the culture medium for the primary culture is MS +0.3mg/L6-BA + sucrose 3%, the formula of the culture medium for 2-5 generations is MS +0.2 mg/L6-BA + sucrose 3%, and the formula of the culture medium for 5-10 generations is MS +0.02 mg/L6-BA + sucrose 3%;
s3, hardening and transplanting seedlings: hardening the seedling in a greenhouse with the elevation of 1000m, wherein the hardening substrate is river sand, the culture medium is washed off before hardening the seedling, then the seedling is transplanted, the row spacing of the seedlings is 5cm multiplied by 5cm, the field management is carried out according to the conventional cultivation technology, the blooming seedball is cultivated after 1 year of growth, the single plant with the original variety and the excellent property of the lilium carinatum is selected, the seedball is respectively collected according to the single plant, and the seedball is stored for later use;
s4, scale cuttage:
s41, selecting a seedbed: selecting a plot which faces the sun and has good drainage as a seedbed, wherein the soil of the seedbed is sandy soil;
s42, soil preparation: performing first soil preparation 15 days before sowing, after scattering 75kg of quicklime per mu, deeply turning the soil layer by 15 cm, and allowing the soil layer to weather; carrying out second soil preparation before planting, spreading 75kg of compound fertilizer on the ground surface per mu, turning the soil to 15 cm deep, and then ditching according to 1.6 m width in a compartment manner, wherein the depth of a compartment ditch is 30 cm, and the depth of a main ditch and a peripheral ditch is 35 cm;
s43, scale pretreatment: taking the seed balls cultivated in the step S3 out and tedding for one day during the period from white dew to autumn, dehydrating and loosening the scales, stripping the scales at the 2 nd to 3 rd layers on the periphery from the base part of the white phosphorus stem to be used as a propagation material, spraying the seed balls and the scales by adding 40kg of water into 50g of carbendazim, covering the seed balls and the scales with a film for 15 minutes for sterilization, and then drying in the sun for later use;
s44, sowing: the lily scale seeding adopts drill seeding, the width of a seeding ditch is 10cm, the depth is 10cm, the row spacing is 20cm, after a planting ditch is opened, soil treatment is carried out by adding 5% chlorpyrifos granules into fenaminosulf or carbendazim, two rows of scale are alternately obliquely inserted or planted in a horseshoe shape in each planting ditch, the inward curved surface of the scale faces upwards, and the row spacing is 5 cm. After the scales are put well, covering soil by 3-5 cm, wherein the compartment surface is in a turtle back shape, and then covering the compartment surface with straws;
s45, field management: in late autumn and early winter, wound healing tissues at the base parts of the scales are differentiated to form small bulbs with young roots, the covering is lifted off before the agricultural calendar year, and weeds are removed after seedlings emerge in late 3 months, so that the soil is kept loose;
s46, harvesting: during the period from summer heat to early autumn, the seedling stems of the lilium brownii are withered and can be harvested, the harvested bulbs are bulbs, more than 30g of bulbs are classified according to three standards of 30-50 g, 50-100 g and more than 100g, and the bulbs are respectively provided for field production to obtain lilium brownii bulbs;
s5, bulb secondary planting: continuously cultivating the bulbs below 30g harvested in the step S4, dividing the bulbs into large bulbs, medium bulbs and small bulbs according to the weight of more than 20g, 10-20 g and less than 10g, and repeating the steps S2-S4, wherein in the transplanting process of the step S2, the plant spacing of the large bulbs is 15 cm, the row spacing is 25cm, the plant spacing of the medium bulbs and the small bulbs is 10-12 cm, and the row spacing is 20 cm; and (5) harvesting when the summer heat is great in the next year to obtain the longya lily seedballs.
Example 2 and example 3 in table 1 the procedure was the same as in example 1 except that the parameters shown in table 1 were different.
TABLE 1
The planting modes of the longya lily mainly comprise small ball cultivation and big ball cultivation, and the two planting modes have different requirements on the weight of the seed ball. In the invention, the yield and the weight range of a single seed ball of the two planting modes of the lilium fargesii small ball cultivation and the lilium davidii large ball cultivation prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 are respectively shown in the table 2 and the table 3.
TABLE 2
| Yield per mu ball (kg) | Individual ball weight range (g) | |
| Example 1 seed ball for cultivation of pellet | 1050 | 25-30 |
| Example 2 seed ball for pellet cultivation | 1008 | 24-31 |
| Example 3 seed ball for cultivation of pellet | 986 | 23-29 |
TABLE 3
| Yield per mu ball (kg) | Individual ball weight range (g) | |
| Example 1 seed ball for cultivation of big ball | 2008 | 450-500 |
| Example 2 seed ball for cultivation of big ball | 2005 | 454-508 |
| Example 3 seed ball for cultivation of big ball | 1986 | 465-510 |
The lily bulbs cultivated by the method have high single weight, meet the seed standard for field production, and can meet the requirements of two planting modes, namely large bulb cultivation and small bulb cultivation, of the lily bulbs; the invention has high propagation coefficient, and the breeding area can reach 6 mu after the scale seedbed is continuously cultivated and propagated for 2 years, and can be used for planting in 25-30 mu of field.
LSV and LMoV virus detection is carried out on the lilium brownii seed balls prepared in the embodiments 1-3 by adopting an RT-PCR detection method, and the existence of viruses is not found, so that the cultivated lilium brownii seed balls are free from infection of the two viruses, and the problem of the variety degradation of the lilium brownii is solved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preventing lily from degeneration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, seed selection: searching original seeds of the lilium brownii in the field, taking the fruits of the lilium brownii as explants, and sterilizing the lilium brownii;
s2, culturing: cutting the fruits processed in the step S1, peeling off the embryos, inoculating the embryos onto a culture medium, and performing primary culture, secondary culture and rooting culture;
s3, hardening and transplanting seedlings: hardening off seedlings in a greenhouse with the altitude of 800-1200 m, hardening off the seedlings by river sand or silt as a substrate, washing off a culture medium before hardening off the seedlings, transplanting the seedlings, performing field management according to a conventional cultivation technology, cultivating flowering seedballs after growing for 1 year, selecting single plants with the original variety and the excellent properties of the lilium carinatum, harvesting the seedballs according to the single plants respectively, and storing the seedballs for later use;
s4, scale cuttage:
s41, selecting a seedbed: selecting a plot which faces the sun and has good drainage as a seedbed;
s42, soil preparation: performing first soil preparation 15-20 days before sowing, after 50-75 kg of quicklime is scattered per mu, deeply turning the soil layer by 20-25 cm, and allowing the soil layer to weather; performing second soil preparation before planting, scattering the compound fertilizer on the ground surface, turning the soil to 15-20 cm deep, and then ditching according to a compartment width of 1.6 m, wherein the compartment ditch depth is 20-30 cm, and the main ditch and the surrounding ditch depth is 30-35 cm;
s43, scale pretreatment: taking out the seed balls cultured in the step S3 during the period from white exposure to autumn, tedding for one day to ensure that the scales are partially dehydrated and loosened, stripping 2 nd to 3 rd layers of scales on the periphery from the base part of the white phosphorus stem as a propagation material, sterilizing the scales, and then drying in the sun for later use;
s44, sowing: sowing the lily scales by adopting a drill sowing mode, a wide drill sowing mode or a small-compartment scattering mode, and covering the soil surface after sowing is finished;
s45, field management: in late autumn and early winter, wound healing tissues at the base parts of the scales are differentiated to form small bulbs with young roots, the covering is lifted off before the agricultural calendar year, and weeds are removed after seedlings emerge in late 3 months, so that the soil is kept loose;
s46, harvesting: during the period from summer heat to early autumn, the seedling stems of the lilium brownii are withered and can be harvested, the harvested bulbs are the bulbs, more than 30g of the bulbs are classified according to three standards of 30-50 g, 50-100 g and more than 100g, and the lilium brownii bulbs which can be used for field production are obtained.
2. The method for preventing lily from degeneration as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
s5, planting bulbs for the second time: continuously cultivating the bulbs below 30g harvested in the step S4, dividing the bulbs into large bulbs, medium bulbs and small bulbs according to the weight of more than 20g, 10-20 g and less than 10g, and repeating the steps S2-S4, wherein in the transplanting process of the step S2, the plant spacing of the large bulbs is 15 cm, the row spacing is 25cm, the plant spacing of the medium bulbs and the small bulbs is 10-12 cm, and the row spacing is 20 cm; and harvesting the lily bulbs when the summer heat is great in the next year to obtain the lily bulbs for field production.
3. The method for preventing lily from being degenerated as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sterilization treatment in step S1 is performed by flame sterilization, and the fruits are washed clean with tap water, air dried, soaked in 75% alcohol for 30 seconds, and then burned off on an alcohol lamp.
4. The method for preventing lily from degeneration according to claim 1, wherein the formula of the primary culture medium in step S2 is MS + 0.1-0.3 mg/L6-BA + 3% sucrose.
5. The method for preventing lily agrimoniae from degeneration according to claim 4, wherein the formula of the medium for subculture of 2-5 generations in step S2 is MS + 0.05-0.2 mg/L6-BA + sucrose 3%, and the formula of the medium for 5-10 generations is MS + 0.01-0.05 mg/L6-BA + sucrose 3%.
6. The method for preventing lily from degeneration according to claim 1, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted plants in step S3 is 5cm x 5 cm.
7. The method for preventing lily from degeneration according to claim 1, wherein the drill seeding in step S44 has a sowing trench width of 10cm, a depth of 10cm and a row spacing of 20cm, after the planting trench is opened, soil treatment is performed with granular formulation of fenaminosulf or carbendazim plus 5% chlorpyrifos, each sowing trench is horseshoe-shaped, two rows of scales are alternately obliquely inserted or planted, the inward curved surface of each scale faces upwards, the distance between the scales is 5cm, after the scales are placed, the covering soil is 3-5 cm, the compartment surface is turtle-back-shaped, and then the compartment surface is covered with straw or firewood.
8. The method for preventing lily from being degenerated as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the wide-width drilling of step S44, the width is 15-20 cm, the width distance is 20-25 cm, the processed scales are placed at a chip distance of 4-5 cm, the tips are outward, two lines are placed in each ditch, the scales are staggered in a horseshoe shape, and after the seeding, the soil is covered on the flat ground and covered with firewood or wheat straw.
9. The method for preventing lily from being degenerated as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S44, in the scattering of the small box, each box is 1.2m wide, the scales are scattered uniformly in 200-220 pieces per square meter, all the scales are arranged to be inward-bent and upward, and then fine soil is scattered and covered with firewood or a sunshade net.
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| CN101040600A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-26 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method of crossbreeding and quick propagating the lilium formolongi seed and its parents |
| KR20120000832A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2012-01-04 | 대한민국(관리부서 : 산림청 국립산림과학원장) | Proliferation method of pro-embryogenic in yellow poplar |
| CN102487801A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-13 | 云南大学 | Method for soilless culture of bulblets of tissue culture seedlings of oriental lily |
| CN104956909A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-10-07 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Safe and highly-efficient scale-cutting technique for detoxified longya lily |
| CN105706708A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-29 | 朱业斌 | Method for breeding longya lilium seed balls by utilizing longya lilium scales |
| JP2018184349A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-22 | ポーラ化成工業株式会社 | Eyelid skin surface impression improver and screening method therefor |
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2019
- 2019-11-13 CN CN201911107631.2A patent/CN110959493A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101040600A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-26 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method of crossbreeding and quick propagating the lilium formolongi seed and its parents |
| KR20120000832A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2012-01-04 | 대한민국(관리부서 : 산림청 국립산림과학원장) | Proliferation method of pro-embryogenic in yellow poplar |
| CN102487801A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-13 | 云南大学 | Method for soilless culture of bulblets of tissue culture seedlings of oriental lily |
| CN104956909A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-10-07 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | Safe and highly-efficient scale-cutting technique for detoxified longya lily |
| CN105706708A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-29 | 朱业斌 | Method for breeding longya lilium seed balls by utilizing longya lilium scales |
| JP2018184349A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-22 | ポーラ化成工業株式会社 | Eyelid skin surface impression improver and screening method therefor |
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