CN110957839B - 驱动装置、液压泵、机动车 - Google Patents

驱动装置、液压泵、机动车 Download PDF

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CN110957839B
CN110957839B CN201910911136.0A CN201910911136A CN110957839B CN 110957839 B CN110957839 B CN 110957839B CN 201910911136 A CN201910911136 A CN 201910911136A CN 110957839 B CN110957839 B CN 110957839B
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sealing ring
commutator
rotor shaft
drive device
brush holder
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CN110957839A (zh
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E·库尔茨
J·海克尔
M·亚姆布罗西
M·埃森劳尔
W·舒勒
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
    • H02K5/124—Sealing of shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/16—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using pumps directly, i.e. without interposition of accumulators or reservoirs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/02—Arrangements of pumps or compressors, or control devices therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/388—Brush holders characterised by the material of the brush holder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
    • H02K5/145—Fixedly supported brushes or brush holders, e.g. leaf or leaf-mounted brushes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
    • H02K5/148—Slidably supported brushes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
    • H02K7/075—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa using crankshafts or eccentrics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/006—Crankshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
    • F04B9/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
    • F04B9/045—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms the means being eccentrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/26—Solid sliding contacts, e.g. carbon brush
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/381—Brush holders characterised by the application of pressure to brush

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种驱动装置(1)，其尤其用于机动车的制动系统的液压泵(2)，所述驱动装置具有支承在壳体(5)中的并且承载转子(8)的转子轴(6)，所述驱动装置还具有布置在所述壳体(5)中的换向器(9)，所述换向器具有至少一个由电刷支架(11)保持的换向器电刷(12)，所述换向器电刷与不可相对转动地布置在所述转子轴(6)上的换向器环(10)共同作用。在此规定，所述电刷支架(11)具有配属于所述换向器(9)的密封圈(13)，所述密封圈(13)与所述转子轴(6)同轴地布置并且与所述转子轴(6)密封地共同作用。

Description

驱动装置、液压泵、机动车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车的制动系统的液压泵的驱动装置，所述驱动装置具有支承在壳体中的并且承载转子的转子轴；所述驱动装置尤其具有布置在所述转子轴上的偏心轴承，所述偏心轴承包括不可相对转动地布置在所述转子轴上内圈和至少基本上仅环绕的并且为了操纵至少一个泵活塞而构造的外圈；所述驱动装置还具有布置在壳体中的换向器，所述换向器具有至少一个由电刷支架保持的换向器电刷，所述换向器电刷与布置在转子轴上的换向器环共同作用。
此外，本发明涉及一种带有一个或多个泵活塞的液压泵，所述液压泵还具有上述驱动装置，所述驱动装置借助于偏心轴承驱动泵活塞。此外，本发明还涉及一种用于机动车的、带有这种液压泵的制动系统和一种带有这种制动系统的机动车。
背景技术
从现有技术中已知上述类型的驱动装置。为了操作液压系统，已知借助于一个或多个可驱动的液压泵产生液压力。对此活塞泵已被证明是有效的。为了驱动活塞泵，已知使用旋转的或环绕的偏心轮来驱动一个或多个活塞泵。对此，活塞泵的泵活塞与偏心轮的旋转轴线径向对齐，并通过弹簧预紧部压靠到偏心轮的外侧面上，从而在承载偏心轮的轴旋转时沿径向驱动泵活塞。为了避免偏心轴承的外部部件除了环绕运动之外还进行旋转运动，已知设计带有内圈和可相对与内圈移动的外圈的偏心轴承，其中在所述内圈和外圈之间布置有滚动体、特别是滚针体。所述内圈不可相对转动地与转子轴连接并且通过滚动体不会讲内圈的旋转运动传递到外圈。由此避免了泵活塞和偏心轮之间的相对运动和磨损。在此泵活塞在偏心轮上的压紧力通常已经足够防止外圈发生旋转运动。
发明内容
根据本发明的、具有权利要求1的特征的驱动装置的优点是：以简单的且成本低廉的方式和方法防止液体流到换向器或电动机的壳体中，或者防止液体由于换向器的磨损而通过在换向器环上滑动的换向器电刷产生的边缘从壳体中漏出，并且例如能够流到由驱动装置驱动的液压泵或流到可选的偏心轴承中。对此根据本发明规定，电刷支架具有配属于换向器的密封圈，该密封圈相对于轴同轴地布置并且与转子轴密封地共同作用。因为无论如何都存在电刷支架，所以不需要用于保持密封圈的额外的保持部。密封圈环绕或围绕转子轴，并且因此防止液体沿一个方向或另一个方向溢出以及污物颗粒、特别是换向器的磨损灰尘的渗入或逸出。密封圈在电刷支架上的布置方式确保了简单的组装和驱动装置的紧凑的结构。
根据本发明的一种优选的改进方案，所述电刷支架由塑料制成。由此，电刷支架仅具有较轻的重量，而且是不导电的，从而确保了换向器电刷的简单且电气安全的支承。
此外，所述密封圈优选地由塑料制成。由此，密封圈成本低廉且节约重量地构造。所述密封圈在此优选由与电刷支架相同的材料制成，或者替代地由另一种塑料材料制成。电刷支架和密封圈是由不同的塑料材料制成，因此可以承担不同的性能。例如，电刷支架由较硬的塑料材料制成，以便确保换向器支架的可靠的保持，并且密封圈由不那么硬的、特别是可弹性变形的塑料材料制成，这提供了与转子轴共同作用的有利的密封。在这种情况下，电刷支架和密封圈优选设计为双组分注塑件，它们因此形成牢固的单元，这能够实现简单的组装。
根据本发明的一种优选的改进方案，电刷支架和密封圈一体地构造，并且因此具有相同的材料。由此能够实现特别成本低廉的生产。
根据本发明的一种优选的改进方案，所述密封圈密封唇状地构造。由此，以较少的磨损确保密封圈在转子轴上的有利的接触。特别地，为此密封圈至少局部可弹性变形，以便补偿公差并且避免磨损。
特别优选地，密封圈设计成关于其内直径或者说沿转子轴的方向逐渐变尖。由此，密封圈仅具有较小的接触面，该接触面能与转子轴接触或者与转子轴接触。
此外优选地规定，密封圈在纵向截面中看起来是漏斗形的。在这种情况下，漏斗形状尤其背离换向器指向，从而密封圈的内直径沿换向器的方向增大。由此所述密封圈形成用于来自外部的液体的有利的液体屏障。
根据本发明的一种优选的改进方案，密封圈布置在换向器和在壳体中支承转子轴的滚动体轴承之间。由此密封圈尤其保护换向器免受通过滚动体轴承沿所述换向器的方向输送的液体的影响，并且保护所述滚动体轴承免受可能在换向器中产生的磨损灰尘的影响。
根据本发明的、具有权利要求11所述特征的液压泵的特征在于，根据本发明构造驱动装置。这由此引起已经提到的优点。
根据本发明的、具有权利要求12所述特征的制动系统的特征在于根据本发明的液压泵。这引起已经提到的优点。
根据本发明的、具有权利要求13所述特征的机动车具有根据本发明的制动系统。这引起所提到的优点。
附图说明
本发明的其他优点和优选的特征以及特征组合由前面的描述和权利要求得出。在下文中，将参考附图更详细地解释本发明。附图显示的是：
图1示出了用于机动车的制动系统的液压泵的简化的剖视图；并且
图2示出了液压泵的电刷支架的纵截面的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于此处未示出的液压泵2的驱动装置1的简化的纵剖视图，所述驱动装置包括至少一个泵活塞，所述泵活塞能通过偏心轴承3驱动，所述偏心轴承能由驱动装置1驱动。所述偏心轴承3在图1中仅由虚线示出。
所述驱动装置1具有电动机4，所述电动机具有壳体5，所述壳体具有可转动地支承在其中的转子轴6。所述转子轴6通过多个滚动体轴承7可转动地支承在壳体5中。此外，转子8以及偏心轴承3的内圈不可相对转动地布置在转子轴6上。此外，电动机4具有换向器9，所述换向器具有不可相对转动地布置在转子轴6上的换向器环10以及多个由电刷支架11承载的换向器电刷12。所述换向器电刷12在此弹性地沿径向预紧所述换向器环10，以便与其共同作用。
在此，换向器环10目前在转子8和滚子轴承7其中之一以及偏心轴承3之间布置在壳体5中。电刷支架11是盘状的、特别是环形盘的并且基本上在端侧封闭壳体5，并且与转子轴6同轴地布置在壳体5中。在其内直径上，电刷支架11具有密封圈13。所述密封圈13与电刷支架11一体地构造，并具有密封唇形状。为此，所述密封圈13在转子轴6的方向上逐渐变尖。在此，密封唇并非径向于转子轴而是斜向于转子轴地倾斜取向，从而密封圈13在纵截面中看起来是漏斗形的，所述密封圈具有沿着换向器9的方向增大的内直径。
密封圈13和旋转壳体11由塑料制成，其中密封圈13尤其至少局部可弹性变形地构造。选择密封圈13的内直径，从而使得密封圈安放在转子轴6的外侧面上或者说外壳壁上。由于可弹性变形性和在尖部处的薄支承面，在此仅发生较小的磨损。
图2示出了电刷支架11与构造在其上的密封圈13的透视的剖视图。在截面示图中可以看出电刷保持架14，换向器电刷利用该电刷保持架能克服弹簧元件的力推移，以便在组装好的状态下通过弹簧力沿换向器环10的方向被挤压。由于电刷支架11和密封圈13的一体式的构造能简单且成本低廉地制造。
密封圈13的轮廓在此尤其处于注塑模具的主脱膜方向(Hauptentformungsrichtung)中，并且因此能在没有特别多花费的情况下实现。通常已经在驱动装置中存在用于集成所提出的训练的必要空间。具有去除几何形状的密封圈13优选以较轻的预应力贴靠在转子轴6上或者贴靠在其外壳壁上，以便实现对液体和磨损灰尘的可靠的密封。例如通过以下方式实现预应力，即：轴贯穿开口在未组装的状态下小于转子轴6在配属于密封圈13的区段中的外直径。
根据一种这里未示出的、替代的实施例，电刷支架11和密封圈13优选地制造为双组分注塑件，即以双组分注塑工艺制造。由此，例如针对密封圈13能够使用具有与电刷支架11不同的、特别是更高弹性的塑料。由此，两个元件能够以它们各自的功能最佳地适配。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于机动车的制动系统的液压泵(2)的驱动装置(1)，所述驱动装置具有支承在壳体(5)中的并且承载转子(8)的转子轴(6)，所述驱动装置还具有布置在所述壳体(5)中的换向器(9)，所述换向器具有至少一个由电刷支架(11)保持的换向器电刷(12)，所述换向器电刷与不可相对转动地布置在所述转子轴(6)上的换向器环(10)共同作用，其特征在于，所述电刷支架(11)具有配属于所述换向器(9)的密封圈(13)，所述密封圈(13)与所述转子轴(6)同轴地布置并且与所述转子轴(6)密封地直接接触，以防止液体到达所述换向器环(10)，并且所述密封圈(13)的密封唇相对于所述转子轴(6)的纵轴线倾斜地伸延。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述电刷支架(11)由塑料制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述密封圈(13)由塑料制成。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述电刷支架(11)和所述密封圈(13)彼此一体地构造。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述密封圈(13)密封唇状地构造。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述密封圈(13)至少局部可弹性变形地构造。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述密封圈(13)沿所述转子轴(6)的方向逐渐变尖。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述密封圈(13)在纵截面中看起来是漏斗形的。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述密封圈(13)布置在所述换向器(9)和支承所述转子轴(6)的滚动体轴承(7)之间。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，在所述电刷支架(11)的背离所述换向器(9)的一侧，在所述转子轴(6)上布置有用于操纵液压泵(2)的至少一个泵活塞的偏心轴承(3)。
11.一种用于机动车的制动系统的液压泵(2)，其具有至少一个可操纵的泵活塞，并且具有用于操纵所述泵活塞的驱动装置(1)，其特征在于，根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述构造所述驱动装置(1)。
12.一种用于机动车的制动系统，其具有根据权利要求11所述的液压泵(2)。
13.一种具有根据权利要求12所述的制动系统的机动车。
CN201910911136.0A 2018-09-27 2019-09-25 驱动装置、液压泵、机动车 Active CN110957839B (zh)

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