CN110951438A - 一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法。本发明的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶由A组分和B组分组成,A组分包括多元醇、扩链剂、稀释剂、阻燃剂、发泡抑制剂、环保催化剂、补强填料和触变剂,B组分包括聚合MDI、稀释剂、多元醇、阻燃剂、触变剂、发泡抑制剂和补强填料。本发明的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的制备方法十分简单,将A组分和B组分中的原料按配比混合均匀后再分别进行包装即可。本发明的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的固化速度快、粘结强度高、阻燃性能优异、毒性低、安全环保、使用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法,属于聚氨酯胶黏剂技术领域。
背景技术
双组分聚氨酯结构胶是聚氨酯胶黏剂众多胶种中的一种,分为溶剂型和无溶剂型。无溶剂型双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂具有以下特点:1)100%的固含,原料全部利用,无溶剂挥发,属于节能减排技术;2)属于反应型胶黏剂,两组分混合后发生交联反应,初粘性好,粘接强度大,室温固化和加热固化皆可;3)两组分可调节性好,在制备时可以调节原料的组成和相对分子质量,使得室温下具有合适的粘度,固化时能达到理想的固化效果;4)使用时可以通过催化剂来调节固化速度;5)耐低温性能好,柔韧度高,耐冲击抗疲劳性优异,气密性好,可作密封胶和结构胶;6)原料来源丰富,应用范围广泛。无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂在很多工业领域均有应用,然而随着经济发展和工业技术进步,人们对无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂的性能要求也在不断提高,现有的无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂已经无法满足一些特殊领域的需求。
CN 106221654 A公开了一种阻燃双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂,其中的A组分由二异氰酸酯、含阻燃基团的多元醇和反应型阻燃剂组成,B组分由扩链剂、交联剂、含阻燃基团的多元醇和反应型阻燃剂组成。CN 108084947 A公开了一种反应型阻燃双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂,以聚醚多元醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯为主要原料,引入了反应型阻燃剂二溴新戊二醇,通过半预聚物法进行制备。以上两种双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂虽然阻燃性能良好,但都存在以下不足:1)固化速度慢;2)力学强度偏低,粘接力弱;3)毒性较大,环保性低;4)双组分混合使用时,配比的实用性低。
因此,有必要开发一种综合性能更好、安全环保、适用性好的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,由A组分和B组分组成,所述A组分包括以下质量份的原料:
多元醇:50~100份;
扩链剂:8~20份;
稀释剂:0~20份;
阻燃剂:80~150份;
发泡抑制剂:2~20份;
环保催化剂:0.05~0.20份;
补强填料:0~20份;
触变剂:0~20份;
所述B组分包括以下质量份的原料:
聚合MDI:60~150份;
稀释剂:0~50份;
多元醇:5~20份;
阻燃剂:80~150份;
触变剂:0~20份;
发泡抑制剂:2~20份;
补强填料:0~20份。
优选的,所述多元醇为聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、腰果壳油多元醇中的至少两种。
优选的,所述聚醚多元醇为聚氧化丙烯二醇、卤代聚醚多元醇中的至少一种,数均分子量为500~8000g/mol。
优选的,所述聚酯多元醇为脂肪族聚酯多元醇、芳香族聚酯多元醇、混酸系聚酯多元醇中的至少一种,数均分子量为500~8000g/mol。
优选的,所述腰果壳油多元醇为腰果壳油聚酯多元醇、腰果壳油酚醛树脂多元醇、腰果壳油曼尼希多元醇中的至少一种,羟值为50~500mg KOH/g。
优选的,所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、二甘醇、三甘醇、新戊二醇、山梨醇、二乙氨基乙醇中的至少一种。
优选的,所述稀释剂为二乙二醇二苯甲酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二葵酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯中的至少一种。
优选的,所述阻燃剂为多聚磷酸铵、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、三聚氰胺多聚磷酸盐中的至少两种。
优选的,所述发泡抑制剂为分子筛、氧化钙、硅藻土中的至少一种。
优选的,所述发泡抑制剂的平均粒径为1~20μm。
优选的,所述环保催化剂为低聚配位杂合有机金属催化剂。
进一步优选的,所述环保催化剂为广州优润合成材料有限公司的CUCAT系列催化剂。
更进一步优选的,所述环保催化剂为广州优润合成材料有限公司的CUCAT-RM、CUCAT-RC10A、CUCAT-S01A中的至少一种。
注:CUCAT系列催化剂属于一种低聚配位杂合有机金属催化剂,不含汞、铅、锡等重金属,安全环保,其具体组成参见CN 109575211 A。
优选的,所述补强填料为碳酸钙、硅微粉、二氧化钛、氧化铝、氧化锌、炭黑中的至少一种。
优选的,所述触变剂为气相二氧化硅(白炭黑)、膨润土、聚酰胺蜡、氢化蓖麻油中的至少一种。
优选的,所述阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶在施胶使用时A组分和B组分按照质量比(0.8~1.2):1进行混合。
上述阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)原料预处理:对阻燃剂、发泡抑制剂和补强填料进行干燥;
2)A组分的制备:将A组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下混合均匀,密封保存;
3)B组分的制备:将B组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下混合均匀,密封保存。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的固化速度快、粘结强度高、阻燃性能优异、毒性低、安全环保、使用方便。
具体来说:
1)本发明将特殊的多元醇和阻燃剂进行复配,阻燃效果优异,聚氨酯结构胶的阻燃等级可以达到UL-94V0级;
2)本发明的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的适用期可调,固化速度快,常温下5~8h可完全固化;
3)本发明的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的粘接强度高,拉伸剪切强度超过8MPa;
4)本发明采用聚合MDI作为固化剂,反应活性高,固化速度快,毒性低,安全环保;
5)本发明的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶在施胶使用时A组分和B组分可以按照质量比(0.8~1.2):1进行混合,配比容忍度高,使用方便;
6)本发明的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶无需加温固化,固化后胶层无气泡。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的解释和说明。
实施例1:
一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其中A组分和B组分的原料组成如下表所示:
表1阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶中A组分和B组分的原料组成表
注:
VORANOL 2000LM:美国陶氏;
CUCAT-RM:广州优润合成材料有限公司的环保催化剂;
PAPI-135C:美国陶氏。
上述阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)原料预处理:将多聚磷酸铵、氢氧化铝、分子筛、纳米碳酸钙和气相二氧化硅置于烘箱中,100℃干燥8h,取出冷却待用;
2)A组分的制备:将A组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下搅拌20min,搅拌过程控制料温低于60℃,冷却至室温后分装密封保存;
3)B组分的制备:将B组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下搅拌20min,搅拌过程控制料温低于60℃,冷却至室温后分装密封保存;
4)施胶使用:将A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1进行混合。
实施例2:
一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其中A组分和B组分的原料组成如下表所示:
表2阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶中A组分和B组分的原料组成表
注:
VORANOL 2000LM:美国陶氏;
CUCAT-RC10A:广州优润合成材料有限公司的环保催化剂;
上述阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)原料预处理:将多聚磷酸铵、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁和氧化钙置于烘箱中,120℃干燥4h,取出冷却待用;
2)A组分的制备:将A组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下搅拌20min,搅拌过程控制料温低于60℃,冷却至室温后分装密封保存;
3)B组分的制备:将B组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下搅拌20min,搅拌过程控制料温低于60℃,冷却至室温后分装密封保存;
4)施胶使用:将A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1进行混合。
实施例3:
一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其中A组分和B组分的原料组成如下表所示:
表3阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶中A组分和B组分的原料组成表
注:
VORANOL 2000LM:美国陶氏;
CUCAT-S01A:广州优润合成材料有限公司的环保催化剂;
上述阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)原料预处理:将多聚磷酸铵、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、氧化钙、纳米氧化锌和硅微粉置于烘箱中,110℃干燥6h,取出冷却待用;
2)A组分的制备:将A组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下搅拌20min,搅拌过程控制料温低于60℃,冷却至室温后分装密封保存;
3)B组分的制备:将B组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下搅拌20min,搅拌过程控制料温低于60℃,冷却至室温后分装密封保存;
4)施胶使用:将A组分和B组分按照质量比1:1进行混合。
对比例:
市售阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶(A组分包括聚醚多元醇和甲苯二异氰酸酯,B组分包括多元醇、二月硅酸二丁基锡和阻燃剂,施胶使用时A组分和B组分的质量配比为3.3:1)。
性能测试:
对实施例1~3和对比例的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶进行性能测试,测试结果如下表所示:
表4阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的性能测试结果
注:
Al-Al:表示对两块铝片进行粘结;
PET-PET:表示对两块PET片进行粘结。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,由A组分和B组分组成,其特征在于:
所述A组分包括以下质量份的原料:
多元醇:50~100份;
扩链剂:8~20份;
稀释剂:0~20份;
阻燃剂:80~150份;
发泡抑制剂:2~20份;
环保催化剂:0.05~0.20份;
补强填料:0~20份;
触变剂:0~20份;
所述B组分包括以下质量份的原料:
聚合MDI:60~150份;
稀释剂:0~50份;
多元醇:5~20份;
阻燃剂:80~150份;
触变剂:0~20份;
发泡抑制剂:2~20份;
补强填料:0~20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其特征在于:所述多元醇为聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、腰果壳油多元醇中的至少两种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其特征在于:所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、二甘醇、三甘醇、新戊二醇、山梨醇、二乙氨基乙醇中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其特征在于:所述稀释剂为二乙二醇二苯甲酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二葵酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其特征在于:所述阻燃剂为多聚磷酸铵、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、三聚氰胺多聚磷酸盐中的至少两种。
6.根据权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其特征在于:所述发泡抑制剂为分子筛、氧化钙、硅藻土中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其特征在于:所述环保催化剂为低聚配位杂合有机金属催化剂。
8.根据权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其特征在于:所述补强填料为碳酸钙、硅微粉、二氧化钛、氧化铝、氧化锌、炭黑中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶,其特征在于:所述触变剂为气相二氧化硅、膨润土、聚酰胺蜡、氢化蓖麻油中的至少一种。
10.权利要求1~9中任意一项所述阻燃型无溶剂双组分聚氨酯结构胶的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)原料预处理:对阻燃剂、发泡抑制剂和补强填料进行干燥;
2)A组分的制备:将A组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下混合均匀,密封保存;
3)B组分的制备:将B组分中的各原料按配比加入反应釜,抽真空条件下混合均匀,密封保存。
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