CN110937916B - 一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,以堇青石为结构材料,所述陶瓷载体的壁厚小于0.10mm;所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:无机原料:滑石39wt%;高岭土15wt%;α氧化铝14wt%;氢氧化铝18wt%;石英14wt%;有机原料:质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算;复合纤维素醚7.5wt%;聚α烯烃6wt%;妥尔油0.5wt%;月桂酸钾2.5wt%;去离子水:以配料总重量外加计算,用量为19~21wt%。本发明使用复合纤维素醚可以改善挤出过程中泥坯的抗变形能力,提高泥料的成型性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蜂窝陶瓷生产技术领域,尤其是涉及一种具有超薄壁的堇青石蜂窝陶瓷载体。
背景技术
随着排放法规越来越严格,在新颁布“国六”排放标准较现行的“国五”排放标准而言,几乎各项污染物的限制都更加低;对于柴油机来说,特别是在低温冷启动后的排气中污染物CO、THC要求更低,同时还增加的NOx的限值要求。这样在柴油机后处理系统中,催化剂的起始工作温度就要更低,在较低的温度下要使催化剂有较高的催化活性,一方面要从催化剂的种类方面研究,另一方面是从催化剂载体方面研究。对于载体来说需要提供更高比表面积来涂覆更多的催化剂、更少的载体实际体积以缩短催化剂起效时间。在汽车有空间有限,在相对小的空间内增加载体的比表面积同时还减少载体实际体积,可从减小蜂窝陶瓷载体的壁厚来实现。
减小蜂窝陶瓷载体壁厚;主要是从减小模具的槽宽,但同时对其使用泥料提出了新的要求;需要解决的问题有载体壁厚减低,在挤出成型时泥坯抗变形能力变差;同时,壁厚降低,挤出成型时挤出压力势必增大,使用现有的泥料在挤出的泥坯抗变形能力差,泥坯孔道变形,在挤出薄壁载体需要提高泥料的抗变形能力,提高泥坯的保型性。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明申请人提供了一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体及其制备方法。本发明使用复合纤维素醚可以改善挤出过程中泥坯的抗变形能力,提高泥料的成型性能。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,以堇青石为结构材料,所述陶瓷载体的壁厚小于0.10mm;
所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:
无机原料:滑石39wt%;高岭土15wt%;α氧化铝14wt%;氢氧化铝18wt%;石英14wt%;
有机原料:质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算;
复合纤维素醚7.5wt%;聚α烯烃6wt%;妥尔油0.5wt%;月桂酸钾2.5wt%;
去离子水:以配料总重量外加计算,用量为19~21wt%。
所述复合纤维素醚为离子型纤维素醚与非离子型的纤维素醚进行复合改性而得到,其组成如下:
离子型性纤维素醚用量30~50wt%,非离子型纤维素醚用量50~70wt%:改性剂用量以纤维素醚总量外加计算,用量为5~10wt%。
所述离子型纤维素醚为羧甲基纤维素(CMC)或聚阴离子纤维素(PAC);所述非离子型纤维素醚为羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羟丙基纤维素(HPC)中的一种或多种;所述改性剂为丙烯酸-2-羟乙基酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯中的一种或多种。
优选方案,所述复合纤维素醚的组成为:
离子型性纤维素醚用量为40wt%,非离子型纤维素醚用量为60wt%,改性剂用量以纤维素醚总量外加计算,用量为8wt%。
本发明的改性技术方案,将离子型纤维素醚同非离子型纤维素醚在高速气流混合机内先进行干粉混合后再喷入改性剂进行改性,之后进行干燥得到复合改性的粘结剂;即所述复合纤维素醚。
本发明有益的技术效果在于:
本发明通过丙烯酸脂与纤维素进行交联作用,丙烯酸脂中的丙烯基同离子型电离出的阴离子端接枝共聚在一起,丙烯酸脂中的羟基脂一端羟基同非离子型纤维素末端羟基在氢键的作用下交联。这样将离子型纤维素同非离子型纤维素交联在一起,形成复合的纤维素醚。这种复合纤维素醚保持了离子型纤维素的较好的流变性能,小分子的离子型纤维素可以更好的包覆无机原料颗粒,可以是泥料在高扭矩的剪切作用下还能保持良好的延展性能;同时非离子型的一端形成更大的交联网络,更好的粘结无机原料,非离子型纤维的大分子链可以使泥料通过峰窝陶瓷模具后具有较好的保型性,防止挤出后蜂窝陶瓷泥坯孔道变形。
附图说明
图1为本发明产品示意图。
图2为实施例1挤出泥坯端面图;
图3为实施例2挤出泥坯端面图;
图4为实施例3挤出泥坯端面图;
图5为实施例4挤出泥坯端面图;
图6为实施例5挤出泥坯端面图;
图7为比较例1挤出泥坯端面图;
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明进行具体描述。
实施例1
一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:
无机原料:滑石39wt%,高岭土15wt%,α氧化铝14wt%,氢氧化铝18wt%,石英14wt%;
有机原料(质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算):复合纤维素醚7.5wt%,聚α烯烃6wt%,妥尔油0.5wt%,月桂酸钾2.5wt%;所述复合纤维素醚为30wt%羧甲基纤维素和70wt%羟丙基甲基纤维素,经过改性剂丙烯酸-2-羟乙基酯改性制得;改性剂用量为以纤维素总量外加5wt%;
去离子水(以配料总重量外加计算):20wt%;
将上述原料通过混料机混合成泥料,再经过练泥、挤出成型,微波干燥,之后经高温烧成的到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
将本实施例得到的泥料经过练泥后使用槽宽为0.09mm的蜂窝陶瓷模具进行挤出成型,以成型后泥坯的保型性、泥料的可成型性判定泥料的好坏。最后将成型得到的泥坯经过干燥、烧成之后得到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
实施例2
一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:
无机原料:滑石39wt%,高岭土15wt%,α氧化铝14wt%,氢氧化铝18wt%,石英14wt%;
有机原料(质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算):复合纤维素醚7.5wt%,聚α烯烃6wt%,妥尔油0.5wt%,月桂酸钾2.5wt%;所述复合纤维素醚为40wt%羧甲基纤维素和60wt%羟丙基甲基纤维素,经过改性剂丙烯酸-2-羟乙基酯改性制得;改性剂用量为以纤维素总量外加5wt%;
去离子水(以配料总重量外加计算):20wt%;
将上述原料通过混料机混合成泥料,再经过练泥、挤出成型,微波干燥,之后经高温烧成的到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
将本实施例得到的泥料经过练泥后使用槽宽为0.09mm的蜂窝陶瓷模具进行挤出成型,以成型后泥坯的保型性、泥料的可成型性判定泥料的好坏。最后将成型得到的泥坯经过干燥、烧成之后得到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
实施例3
一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:
无机原料:滑石39wt%,高岭土15wt%,α氧化铝14wt%,氢氧化铝18wt%,石英14wt%;
有机原料(质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算):复合纤维素醚7.5wt%,聚α烯烃6wt%,妥尔油0.5wt%,月桂酸钾2.5wt%;所述复合纤维素醚为50wt%羧甲基纤维素和50wt%羟丙基甲基纤维素,经过改性剂丙烯酸-2-羟乙基酯改性制得;改性剂用量为以纤维素总量外加5wt%;
去离子水(以配料总重量外加计算):20wt%;
将上述原料通过混料机混合成泥料,再经过练泥、挤出成型,微波干燥,之后经高温烧成的到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
将本实施例得到的泥料经过练泥后使用槽宽为0.09mm的蜂窝陶瓷模具进行挤出成型,以成型后泥坯的保型性、泥料的可成型性判定泥料的好坏。最后将成型得到的泥坯经过干燥、烧成之后得到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
实施例4
一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:
无机原料:滑石39wt%,高岭土15wt%,α氧化铝14wt%,氢氧化铝18wt%,石英14wt%;
有机原料(质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算):复合纤维素醚7.5wt%,聚α烯烃6wt%,妥尔油0.5wt%,月桂酸钾2.5wt%;所述复合纤维素醚为30wt%羧甲基纤维素和70wt%羟丙基甲基纤维素,经过改性剂丙烯酸-2-羟乙基酯改性制得;改性剂用量为以纤维素总量外加8wt%;
去离子水(以配料总重量外加计算):20wt%;
将上述原料通过混料机混合成泥料,再经过练泥、挤出成型,微波干燥,之后经高温烧成的到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
将本实施例得到的泥料经过练泥后使用槽宽为0.09mm的蜂窝陶瓷模具进行挤出成型,以成型后泥坯的保型性、泥料的可成型性判定泥料的好坏。最后将成型得到的泥坯经过干燥、烧成之后得到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
实施例5
一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:
无机原料:滑石39wt%,高岭土15wt%,α氧化铝14wt%,氢氧化铝18wt%,石英14wt%;
有机原料(质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算):复合纤维素醚7.5wt%,聚α烯烃6wt%,妥尔油0.5wt%,月桂酸钾2.5wt%;所述复合纤维素醚为30wt%羧甲基纤维素和70wt%羟丙基甲基纤维素,经过改性剂丙烯酸-2-羟乙基酯改性制得;改性剂用量为以纤维素总量外加10wt%;
去离子水(以配料总重量外加计算):20wt%;
将上述原料通过混料机混合成泥料,再经过练泥、挤出成型,微波干燥,之后经高温烧成的到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
将本实施例得到的泥料经过练泥后使用槽宽为0.09mm的蜂窝陶瓷模具进行挤出成型,以成型后泥坯的保型性、泥料的可成型性判定泥料的好坏。最后将成型得到的泥坯经过干燥、烧成之后得到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
比较例1
一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:
无机原料:滑石39wt%,高岭土15wt%,α氧化铝14wt%,氢氧化铝18wt%,石英14wt%;
有机原料(质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算):混合纤维素醚7.5wt%,聚α烯烃6wt%,妥尔油0.5wt%,月桂酸钾2.5wt%;所述混合纤维素醚为30wt%羧甲基纤维素(CMC)和70wt%羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)的混合物;
去离子水:20wt%;
将上述原料通过混料机混合成泥料,再经过练泥、挤出成型,微波干燥,之后经高温烧成的到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
本实施例使用符混合维素醚如下:
将本实施例得到的泥料经过练泥后使用槽宽为0.09mm的蜂窝陶瓷模具进行挤出成型,以成型后泥坯的保型性、泥料的可成型性判定泥料的好坏。最后将成型得到的泥坯经过干燥、烧成之后得到蜂窝陶瓷载体。
实施例1-5与比较例1的原料组成及性能测试数据如表1所示。
表1
注:成型性:优秀用“++”表示,良好用“+”表示,一般用“0”表示,差用“-”表示。
保型性:优秀用“++”表示,良好用“+”表示,一般用“0”表示,差用“-”表示。
复合纤维素醚与混合纤维素醚的组成如表2所示:
表2
将各试验组的得到的产品进行烧结,加工,制成符合要求的蜂窝陶瓷载体,并进行相关性能测试(测试标准:GB/T 25994-2010),结果如表3所示:
表3
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 比较例1 | |
壁厚(mm) | 0.098 | 0.096 | 0.101 | 0.099 | 0.197 | 0.096 |
孔容(cc/g) | 0.165 | 0.171 | 0.175 | 0.181 | 0.176 | 0.176 |
吸水率(%) | 17.2 | 17.0 | 17.3 | 17.9 | 17.8 | 17.9 |
CTE(×10<sup>-6</sup>/℃) | 0.514 | 0.489 | 0.479 | 0.52 | 0.512 | 0.528 |
弯曲强度(MPa) | 2.33 | 2.14 | 2.25 | 2.4 | 2.05 | 1.43 |
抗热震性(℃) | 650 | 650 | 650 | 650 | 650 | 650 |
Claims (2)
1.一种蜂窝状结构的陶瓷载体,以堇青石为结构材料,其特征在于,所述陶瓷载体的壁厚小于0.10mm;
所述陶瓷载体的原料组成为:
无机原料:滑石39wt%;高岭土15wt%;α氧化铝14wt%;氢氧化铝18wt%;石英14wt%;
有机原料:质量百分数以无机原料重量外加计算;
复合纤维素醚7.5wt%;聚α烯烃6wt%;妥尔油0.5wt%;月桂酸钾2.5wt%;
去离子水:以配料总重量外加计算,用量为19~21wt%;
所述复合纤维素醚为离子型纤维素醚与非离子型的纤维素醚进行复合改性而得到,其组成如下:
离子型性纤维素醚用量30~50wt%,非离子型纤维素醚用量50~70wt%:改性剂用量以纤维素醚总量外加计算,用量为5~10wt%;
所述离子型纤维素醚为羧甲基纤维素或聚阴离子纤维素;所述非离子型纤维素醚为羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素中的一种或多种;所述改性剂为丙烯酸-2-羟乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯中的一种或多种。
2.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷载体,其特征在于,所述复合纤维素醚的组成为:
离子型性纤维素醚用量为40wt%,非离子型纤维素醚用量为60wt%,改性剂用量以纤维素醚总量外加计算,用量为8wt%。
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