CN110821176A - Construction method of temporary house for construction site - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method of a temporary house for a construction site, which consists of clay, cement mortar and reinforced concrete, and comprises the following construction steps: s101: making clay into a soil brick; s102: pouring a ground beam, and building a wall body by using cement mortar and soil bricks; s103: building a wall body and pouring concrete columns to reach half height of the designed height of the columns; s104: building a wall body and pouring a reinforced concrete upright column until the height is designed; s105: building a top ring beam on the top of the wall body, so that the top ring beam and the reinforced concrete upright post are connected into a whole; s106: continuously building the wall on the top ring beam until the design height of the whole wall is reached; s107: and cleaning the loosened clay on the built wall surface, and plastering mortar with the thickness of 15-20 mm. The clay brick made of clay is used for manufacturing temporary houses in construction sites, and the manufacturing cost of the houses is reduced on the premise of meeting the strength of the houses.

Description

Construction method of temporary house for construction site

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of buildings, and particularly relates to a temporary house built by simple soil bricks and a soil brick manufacturing method.

Background

Building site adopts prefabricated house and self-control cement hollow brick to build interim house usually, but some regions are remote, extra-sea building site etc. receive region, transportation restriction to obtain above-mentioned material with high costs, and how to utilize local clay resource to build interim house is the research direction of this application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect that the cost of the temporary house in the existing overseas building site is high, and provides a method for manufacturing the temporary house by using clay with low cost.

The technical scheme of the invention is a construction method of a temporary house for a construction site, which is characterized by comprising clay, cement mortar and reinforced concrete, and the construction steps are as follows:

s101: making clay into brick and air-drying for 5-10 days;

s102: pouring a ground beam, and building a wall body by using cement mortar and soil bricks, wherein the thickness of mortar joints among the soil bricks is 10-14 mm;

s103: when the wall is built to the half height of the designed height of the upright column, pouring a reinforced concrete upright column at the corner of the wall to the height of the built wall;

s104: building the wall body to the designed height of the upright column, and pouring the reinforced concrete upright column to the designed height;

s105: building a top ring beam on the top of the wall body, so that the top ring beam and the reinforced concrete upright post are connected into a whole;

s106: continuously building the wall on the top ring beam until the design height of the whole wall is reached;

s107: and cleaning the loosened clay on the built wall surface, and plastering mortar with the thickness of 15-20 mm.

As the earth bricks deform and loosen to a certain degree in the carrying and building processes, the thickness of cement mortar between the earth bricks is set to be 10-14 mm, which is thicker than that of common cement mortar, so that the bonding strength can be ensured, and the deformation of the earth bricks can be compensated; in order to compensate for the influence caused by the deformation of the soil bricks, the thickness of the wall surface is increased to 15-20 mm; and the wall surface painting layer can be prevented from falling off by adopting cement mortar for bonding.

When the length of the single wall body is larger than 6m, the reinforced concrete upright posts are additionally arranged in the middle of the wall body, so that the strength of the wall body can be increased.

The height of the house is one floor, and the floor number of the house is reduced under the condition that the house function is enough because the bearing capacity of the soil bricks is limited.

The brick is made by a brick mold, the brick mold comprises two side plates I, two side plates II and a handle, the side plates I and the side plates II form a rectangular cavity, and the size of the cavity is 40X 17X 20 cm. The soil brick is too big and is not easy to dry and carry, the too small soil brick is easy to break, and the proper size is selected, so that the defects of the too big and the too small soil brick can be overcome, and the wall surface width is also met.

Have a baffle in the mould, the baffle is the T style of calligraphy, and the width of middle tongue part equals the I inboard width of two blocks of curb plates, and both sides have the recess that matches with I thickness of curb plate, and the baffle inlays between two blocks of curb plates I, and the recess on baffle both sides is the buckle respectively and is fixed in two blocks of curb plates I tops. The half brick can be manufactured by the brick mould with the partition plate, and the mould is used for occasions such as wall corners and the like which are not convenient for using bricks with the whole size, and the complete bricks are not needed to be damaged.

The manufacturing steps of the soil brick are as follows:

s201: taking loose clay, and removing an upper humus layer;

s202: mixing a certain amount of 3-5 cm-long hay fibers in clay, wherein the content of the hay fibers is 0.55-0.7 kg/m, uniformly mixing the two, adding 320-350 kg of water into the clay for every 1m of flowering, and uniformly mixing;

s203: pouring the uniformly stirred clay into a manufactured soil brick mold for tamping, and trowelling the outer surface;

s204: demolding and air-drying the soil brick after the soil brick is manufactured and molded for 2-3 min, wherein in the air-drying process, the upper part is covered by hay or loose clay;

s205: and after 6-8 h, standing the soil brick, continuing to air-dry, placing hay or loose clay on the upper part of the soil brick for covering, and covering the upper surface of the soil brick until the water content is 16-20%.

The hay fibers are added into the clay to increase the strength of the soil brick and avoid the soil brick from cracking after being manufactured; the length of the hay fibers is preferably 3-5 cm, if the length is too long, the clay is easy to bend in the process of adding water and mixing until the clay is manufactured, the embodiment of the binding power of the hay fibers in the soil brick is not facilitated, and if the length is too short, the effect of increasing the binding power of the soil brick cannot be achieved; a small amount of water is added, so that the mixed clay has better workability and plasticity; the clay brick uses clay and hay fiber, both of which can be obtained in situ, and the clay brick does not need to be baked at high temperature during manufacturing, and has simple manufacturing process and low cost.

The air drying time is 5-10 days, the air drying time is properly increased or decreased according to the weather and the temperature, and the soil bricks are prevented from cracking due to the fact that the soil bricks are exposed to the sun by placing the hay or the loose clay.

And the content of the hay fibers is 0.62kg/m, hands are easily pricked when the hay fibers are too much, the hay fibers are easily attached to the surface of the clay brick to influence the subsequent mortar painting wall body, and the hay fibers are too little to reduce the bonding force of the clay brick and easily cause breakage.

The house periphery is equipped with the enclosure, and the enclosure comprises clay, cement mortar and cement brick, and the enclosure is built the step and is:

s301: manufacturing a rectangular enclosing wall mold, wherein the size of the enclosing wall mold is 1.5-2 m in length, 0.4m in width and 0.4-0.6 m in height;

s302: building a concrete ground beam;

s303: placing a rectangular wall mold on a poured concrete ground beam, filling clay in the wall mold, adding hay and stirring the clay before filling the clay into the wall mold, wherein each filling thickness is 0.2-0.3 m, the clay is manually tamped, and the clay is lifted by the same method step by step;

s304: when the length of a single wall is more than 5-6 m, building a stand column in the middle of the wall, and lifting the stand column together with the rammed wall, wherein cement bricks in the stand column are pressed against the rammed earth at intervals;

s305: and adopting cement mortar to perform plastering construction on the surface of the wall.

Clay, hay and a wall mold are directly utilized to build the wall body of the enclosing wall, clay is not required to be made into earth bricks, the earlier stage process and the manufacturing time are reduced, and the construction period of the enclosing wall is shortened; secondly, during the wall body construction, the stand in the middle of the wall body is constructed along with the soil rammer body during the construction, for example, a certain level of stand adopts clay to tamp, and the stand adopts to build during the next level of construction, repeats this construction, reaches the purpose of separating the level looks pressure, makes the soil rammer body can be in the same place with the better combination of stand.

The wall body of the enclosing wall is tamped by the height not more than 1.2m per day and is tamped by the height per day, so that the wall body has enough time to be stable, the wall body is prevented from collapsing, and the stability of the wall body is improved.

The clay brick is used for manufacturing temporary houses in construction sites, and the manufacturing cost of the houses is reduced on the premise of meeting the strength of the houses; secondly, the clay brick construction method and the mould tamping method have simple processes and short construction period; and thirdly, the soil brick material is taken from the local, and under the condition that the movable board house and the hollow brick can not be used, the most appropriate material is selected according to local conditions, so that a good reference is provided for the subsequent similar situations.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of house construction

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a house

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the process of making the brick

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a mold for making earthenware bricks 1

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a mold for making earthenware bricks 2

FIG. 6 is a wall build flow chart

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the enclosure mold

FIG. 8 is a front view of the enclosure wall

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the earth ramming wall of the enclosure

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the columns of the enclosure

Wherein: 11-wall A, 12-wall B, 13-earth rammed wall, 21-ground beam, 22-upright post, 221-masonry, 222-earth rammed body, 23-ring beam, 3-earth brick mould, 31-side plate I, 32-side plate II, 33-handle, 34-clapboard, 35-iron nail and 4-enclosure mould.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings, which illustrate examples that enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.

The invention provides a method for building a temporary house on a building site in a clay-rich area by using clay as a main material, which consists of clay, cement mortar and reinforced concrete, and comprises the following building steps as shown in figure 1:

s101: making clay into clay brick, air drying for 5-10 days, and air drying.

S102: the method comprises the steps of pouring a ground beam, building cement mortar and soil bricks into a wall body, setting the thickness of mortar joints among the soil bricks to be 10-14 mm, and setting the thickness of the mortar joints among the soil bricks to be 10-14 mm and thicker than common mortar joints due to the fact that the soil bricks deform and loosen to a certain degree in the carrying and building processes, so that the bonding strength can be guaranteed, and the deformation of the soil bricks can be compensated.

S103: when the wall body is built to the half height of the designed height of the upright column, the reinforced concrete upright column is poured at the corner of the wall to the height of the built wall body.

S104: and after the rest half of the wall body is built, the reinforced concrete upright columns are poured until the design height, and the building speed is accelerated under the condition of ensuring the strength of the house by the building mode of the half of the wall body.

S105: and a top ring beam is built at the top of the wall body, so that the top ring beam and the reinforced concrete upright post are connected into a whole, and the integral strength of the house is improved.

S106: and continuously building the wall on the top ring beam until the design height of the whole wall is reached.

S107: not hard up clay clean up on the wall of building by laying bricks or stones carries out the mortar whitewash, and thickness is 15 ~ 20mm, in order to compensate the influence that above-mentioned cob brick warp and bring equally, increases wall thickness.

Adopt cement mortar to carry out the wall whitewash, can prevent that the wall whitewash layer from droing, discovery adopts clay mortar to build wall whitewash layer and takes place to drop after using a period easily when carrying out the on-the-spot experiment of building by laying bricks or stones, and when adopting cement mortar to build by laying bricks or stones, the cement mortar of mortar joint combines better with the cement mortar of wall, and wall body whitewash layer does not have and drops.

As shown in figure 2, the wall A11 and the wall B12 are both built by adopting bricks and concrete, the upright post 22 is arranged on the ground beam 21, the top end of the upright post 22 is provided with the top ring beam 23, the three are connected into a whole, the strength of the house is improved, and the ground beam 21, the upright post 22 and the top ring beam 23 are all made of reinforced concrete.

When the length of the single wall body is larger than 6m, the reinforced concrete upright posts are additionally arranged in the middle of the wall body, so that the strength of the wall body can be increased.

The height of the house is one floor, and the floor number of the house is reduced under the condition that the house function is enough because the bearing capacity of the soil bricks is limited.

The clay brick uses clay and hay fiber as raw materials, the clay brick and the hay fiber can be obtained in situ, high-temperature baking is not needed during manufacturing, the manufacturing process is simple, the cost is low, and as shown in figure 3, the manufacturing steps are as follows:

s201: taking loose clay, and removing the upper humus layer.

S202: stirring a certain amount of 3-5 cm-long hay fibers in clay to increase the strength of the clay brick and avoid cracking of the clay brick after manufacturing, wherein the content of the hay fibers is 0.55-0.7 kg/m, and after uniformly mixing, adding a small amount of water into the clay tree, wherein 320-350 kg of water is added into the clay tree every m, in the example, the water amount is 330kg/m, and the mixing is uniform.

The length of the hay fibers is preferably 3-5 cm, if the length is too long, the clay is easy to bend in the process of adding water and mixing until the clay is manufactured, the embodiment of the binding power of the hay fibers in the soil brick is not facilitated, and if the length is too short, the effect of increasing the binding power of the soil brick cannot be achieved; the clay after being mixed has better workability and plasticity by adding a small amount of water.

In this example, the content of the hay fibers is 0.62kg/m, hands are easily pricked when the hay fibers are too much, and too much hay fibers are easily attached to the surface of the clay brick to influence subsequent mortar painting of the wall body, too little hay fibers reduce the binding power of the clay brick and easily cause fracture, and experiments show that 0.62kg/m planting enables the strength and the operability of the clay brick to be balanced, so that the optimal addition amount is obtained.

S203: and pouring the uniformly stirred clay into the manufactured soil brick mold for tamping, and trowelling the outer surface.

S204: and (3) demoulding and air-drying the soil brick after 2-3 min of manufacturing and forming, wherein in the air-drying process, the upper part is covered by hay or loose clay.

S205: and after 6-8 h, preliminarily air-drying the soil bricks, namely standing the soil bricks and continuously air-drying until the water content is 16-20%.

In the air drying process, the upper part of the soil brick is placed with the hay or loose clay for covering, the upper surface of the soil brick is completely covered, the complete air drying time is 5-10 days, the air drying time is properly increased or decreased according to weather and temperature, and the hay or loose clay is placed to prevent the soil brick from being exposed to the sun to cause the soil brick to crack.

The brick size was 40 × 17 × 20 cm. The soil brick is too big and is not easy to dry and carry, the too small soil brick is easy to break, and the proper size is selected, so that the defects of the too big and the too small soil brick can be overcome, and the wall surface width is also met.

As shown in figure 4, the brick mold 3 for manufacturing the brick is approximately rectangular and comprises two side plates I31 and two side plates II 32, the outer sides of the side plates II 32 are also provided with two handles 33, the handles are fixed at the two ends of the side plates I31, and the mold 3 can be lifted by holding the handles during demolding, so that the brick is convenient to demold.

As shown in fig. 5, set up baffle 34 between two blocks of curb plates II 32 of brick mould 3, the baffle is the T style of calligraphy, the width of middle tongue part equals the width of two I inboards of curb plate, both sides have the recess that is equivalent with I thickness of curb plate, the baffle inlays between two blocks of curb plates I, the recess difference buckle on baffle both sides is fixed in two I tops of curb plate, it is spacing to carry out with iron nail 35 in the outside of curb plate I, the brick mould that has set up baffle 34 can make half brick, the occasion that is used for not convenient for using up the brick of whole size such as wall body corner, needn' T destroy complete brick.

The temporary house also comprises an enclosing wall, the enclosing wall directly utilizes clay, hay and an enclosing wall mold to build a wall body, clay is not required to be made into soil bricks, the earlier stage process and the manufacturing time are reduced, the house construction period is shortened, and as shown in figures 6 to 10, the building steps are as follows:

s301: manufacturing a rectangular enclosure mold 4, wherein the size of the enclosure mold 4 is 1.5-2 m long, 0.3m wide and 0.4-0.6 m high, in the example, the length of the enclosure mold is 2m, the width of the enclosure mold is 0.4m and the height of the enclosure mold is 0.4 m;

s302: adopting cement bricks to build a ground beam;

s303: placing a rectangular wall mold 4 shown in fig. 7 on the built ground beam, filling clay in the wall mold, adding hay and stirring the clay before filling the clay into the wall mold, wherein each filling thickness is 0.2-0.3 m, the clay is manually tamped, and the clay is lifted step by adopting the same method;

s304: the masonry wall corner upright post 22 rises together with the earth ramming wall body 13, and the cement brick masonry 221 of the upright post and the earth ramming body 222 are pressed at intervals;

s305: when the length of the single-fan wall body is larger than 5-6 m, building the upright post 22 in the wall body, wherein the building method is the same as S304;

s306: and adopting cement mortar to perform plastering construction on the surface of the wall.

During the construction of the wall body, the corners of the wall body and the middle upright posts are constructed together with the soil rammer wall body 13 during the construction, the upright posts are built in a one-level clay one-level cement brick mode, the construction is repeated, the purpose of the level-separated phase pressure is achieved, and the soil rammer wall body 13 can be better combined with the upright posts 22. After the building height reaches the set building height, in order to enable the upright posts to better play a role in reinforcing the wall body, cement bricks are built at the upright post positions on the two sides of the wall body, and the upright posts are widened.

The wall body is tamped by the height of not more than 1.2m per day and is tamped by the height of less than 1.2m per day, the wall body has enough time to dry and stabilize, the wall body is prevented from collapsing, and the stability of the wall body is improved.

The rest of the parts which are not described are the same as the prior art.

Claims (9)

1. A construction method of a temporary house for a construction site is characterized by comprising clay, cement mortar and reinforced concrete, and the construction steps are as follows:

s101: making clay into brick and air-drying for 5-10 days;

s102: pouring a ground beam, and building a wall body by using cement mortar and soil bricks, wherein the thickness of mortar joints among the soil bricks is 10-14 mm;

s103: when the wall is built to the half height of the designed height of the upright column, pouring a reinforced concrete upright column at the corner of the wall to the height of the built wall;

s104: after the remaining half of the wall body is built, pouring the reinforced concrete upright column until the height is designed;

s105: building a top ring beam on the top of the wall body, so that the top ring beam and the reinforced concrete upright post are connected into a whole;

s106: continuously building the wall on the top ring beam until the design height of the whole wall is reached;

s107: and cleaning the loosened clay on the built wall surface, and plastering mortar with the thickness of 15-20 mm.

2. A method for constructing a temporary housing for a construction site as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the length of a single wall is more than 6m, a reinforced concrete column is additionally arranged in the middle of the wall.

3. A method of constructing a temporary housing for a construction site according to claim 1, wherein the housing heights are all single story.

4. A method of constructing a temporary housing for a construction site as claimed in claim 1, wherein the block is made from a block mould consisting of two side panels i, two side panels ii and a handle, the side panels i and ii forming a rectangular cavity, the cavity having a dimension of 40 x 17 x 20 cm.

5. A temporary house building method for a building site as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a partition board is arranged in the mold, the partition board is T-shaped, the width of the middle tongue part is equal to the width of the inner side of the two side plates I, grooves with the thickness equal to that of the side plates I are arranged on the two sides, the partition board is embedded between the two side plates I, and the grooves on the two sides of the partition board are respectively fixed above the two side plates I in a buckling mode.

6. A method of constructing a temporary housing for a building site according to any one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the making of said bricks is carried out by:

s201: taking loose clay, and removing an upper humus layer;

s202: mixing a certain amount of 3-5 cm-long hay fibers in clay, wherein the content of the hay fibers is 0.55-0.7 kg/m, uniformly mixing the two, adding 320-350 kg of water into the clay for every 1m of flowering, and uniformly mixing;

s203: pouring the uniformly stirred clay into a manufactured soil brick mold for tamping, and trowelling the outer surface;

s204: demolding and air-drying the soil brick after the soil brick is manufactured and molded for 2-3 min, wherein in the air-drying process, the upper part is covered by hay or loose clay;

s205: and after 6-8 h, standing the soil brick, and continuing to air-dry, wherein in the air-drying process, covering the upper part with hay or loose clay until the water content is 16-20%.

7. A method according to claim 4, wherein the hay fiber content in step S201 is 0.62kg/m high.

8. A method of constructing a temporary house for a construction site according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the house is provided with a surrounding wall at the periphery thereof, the surrounding wall being composed of clay, cement mortar and cement bricks, and the surrounding wall is constructed by the steps of:

s301: manufacturing a rectangular enclosing wall mold, wherein the size of the enclosing wall mold is 1.5-2 m in length, 0.4m in width and 0.4-0.6 m in height;

s302: building a cement brick ground beam;

s303: placing a rectangular wall mold on the poured cement brick ground beam, filling clay in the wall mold, adding hay and stirring the clay before filling the clay into the wall mold, wherein each filling thickness is 0.2-0.3 m, the clay is manually tamped, and the clay is lifted step by adopting the same method;

s304: building a stand column at the corner of the wall body, when the length of a single wall body is more than 5-6 m, building the stand column in the middle of the wall body, and lifting the stand column together with the rammed wall body, wherein cement bricks in the stand column are pressed against the rammed earth body at intervals;

s305: and adopting cement mortar to perform plastering construction on the surface of the wall.

9. A method of constructing a temporary home for a construction site as claimed in claim 8, wherein the enclosure wall is tamped to a height of no more than 1.2m per day.

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