CN110818424A - 一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110818424A
CN110818424A CN201911097473.7A CN201911097473A CN110818424A CN 110818424 A CN110818424 A CN 110818424A CN 201911097473 A CN201911097473 A CN 201911097473A CN 110818424 A CN110818424 A CN 110818424A
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silicon carbide
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porous silicon
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邬国平
焦永峰
谢方民
于明亮
熊礼俊
戚明杰
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Ningbo Vulcan Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)原料配比:按以下比例称取原料:碳化硅40~70wt%,粘接剂10‑30wt%,烧结助剂10‑30wt%,造孔剂10‑30wt%;以上各组分之和为100%;(2)混料制浆,(3)喷雾造粒,(4)压制成型,(5)烧结,(6)超亲处理:采用10~90%的醋酸溶液,在室温环境下,将多孔碳化硅陶瓷放入醋酸溶液浸泡2~10小时;(7)将多孔碳化硅陶瓷取出,清洗表面的醋酸溶液,最后烘干。该方法制备的雾化器具有高强度、安全卫生、不掉渣、导热快、耐热震、雾化快等特点。

Description

一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,更具体地涉及一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
雾化吸入治疗是呼吸系统疾病治疗方法中一种重要和有效的治疗方法,采用医用雾化吸入器将药液雾化成微小颗粒,药物通过呼吸吸入的方式进入呼吸道和肺部沉积,从而达到无痛、迅速有效治疗的目的。医用雾化器属于二类医疗器械,主要用于治疗各种上下呼吸系统疾病,如感冒、发热、咳嗽、哮喘、咽喉肿痛、咽炎、鼻炎、支气管炎、尘肺等气管、支气管、肺泡、胸腔内所发生的疾病。
现有的雾化器原理主要有三种:超声波雾化器、压缩雾化器和网式雾化器。三种雾化器,分别采用超声波、压缩空气和振动子的震动为动力,均是机械力,将药液快速形成雾滴,这种雾滴的尺寸较大,所以产生的药物颗粒大部分仅能沉积在口腔、喉部等上呼吸道。药液在吸入病人呼吸道内后,结成水珠挂在内腔壁上,对下呼吸道疾病效果不佳,对药物需求量大,造成浪费的现象。
目前也有在尝试用陶瓷来制作雾化器,在多孔陶瓷表面制作电热丝电路,通电加热,将药液蒸发成为尺寸极小的雾滴。蒸汽式雾化器可以降低药液雾滴尺寸,提高雾化效果,改善药液使用效率,还可以可应用于医用雾化器、空气加湿器、电子香薰、液体蚊香等领域。但是现有技术缺乏一种具有高强度、不掉渣、耐热震、安全卫生等特点多孔碳化硅陶瓷以及制备方法。
发明内容
本发明提供一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷,具有高强度、不掉渣、耐热震、安全卫生等特点。
本发明的技术方案是,提供具有以下配比的一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷,它包括按以下组分配比:它包括按以下组分配比:
粒度范围1-200μm的碳化硅40~70wt%,
粒度范围0.1-40μm的粘接剂1~30wt%,
粒度范围0.1-100μm的烧结助剂5~20wt%,
粒度范围0.1-100μm的造孔剂10~40wt%;
以上各组分之和为100%
本发明还提供具有以下步骤的一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料配比:按以下比例称取原料:碳化硅40~70wt%,粘接剂1~30wt%,烧结助剂5~20wt%,造孔剂10~40wt%,以上各组分之和为100%;
(2)混料制浆:将上述原料投入混料设备中,加入去离子水,混合球磨或搅拌得到陶瓷浆料;
(3)喷雾造粒:将陶瓷浆料喷雾干燥造粒;
(4)压制成型:把陶瓷造粒料放入模具内,干压成型得到陶瓷坯体;
(5)烧结:将陶瓷坯体放入烧结炉内烧结,冷却后得到多孔碳化硅陶瓷,使多孔碳化硅陶瓷的表面形成二氧化硅薄膜;
(6)超亲水处理:采用10~90%的醋酸溶液,在室温环境下,将多孔碳化硅陶瓷放入醋酸溶液浸泡2~10小时;使醋酸溶液中的氢离子被吸附到多孔陶瓷的二氧化硅薄膜表面;
(7)将多孔碳化硅陶取出,清洗表面的醋酸溶液,最后烘干。
所述粘接剂包括无机粘接剂和有机粘接剂;所述无机粘接剂包括蒙脱石、伊利石、海泡石、高岭土、坡缕石中的一种或几种组合;所述有机粘接剂包括PVA、水溶性纤维素、葡萄糖、水溶性酚醛树脂中的一种或几种组合。
所述烧结助剂为氧化镁、二氧化硅、氧化铝、碳酸钙、二氧化钛、玻璃粉、硅酸钠中的一种或几种组合。
所述造孔剂包括无机造孔剂和有机造孔剂中,所述无机造孔剂包括石油焦、活性炭、石墨、木炭、焦炭、煤粉、碳酸铵、碳酸氢铵、氯化铵的一种或几种;所述有机造孔剂包括PVA、PMMA、PVB、淀粉、糊精、纤维素的一种或几种。
所述步骤(4)采用干压成型工艺,将陶瓷造粒粉加入钢模内,压制成型。
烧结炉采用空气气氛的高温烧结炉,选取马弗炉、隧道窑、钟罩炉中的一种,烧结温度1300~1500度,保温1~4小时。
采用以上配方和步骤后,本发明技术与现有技术相比,具有以下优点:
(1)雾滴小:传统医用雾化器的雾化液滴尺寸平均5μm左右,难以到达肺泡。本发明的雾化器雾滴平均尺寸在0.4-1μm,可以直达肺泡,对下呼吸道疾病效果突出,可提高药液使用效率,节约药液。
(2)工作温度低:碳化硅本征热导率高,耐热震,所制雾化器导热快,能将发热丝生成的热量快速传递到整个雾化器,因此雾化器工作时温度均匀,有效避免局部温度过高,不影响药液活性;
(3)超亲表面吸液快:陶瓷里面的碳化硅和烧结助剂,经过超亲处理,陶瓷表面布满氢键,对水基或醇基药液具有超亲能力,加快吸附速度,保障雾化效果,避免干烧。
(4)效率高:现有多孔陶瓷采用凝胶注模、热压注等工艺,工艺繁琐,效率低下。本发明采用干压成型工艺,自动压制,生产效率大幅度提高。
(5)高强度:本发明的多孔陶瓷以碳化硅为主体,采用烧结助剂对碳化硅主体实现充分烧结,保障没有碎渣剥落,样品弯曲强度可达到20MPa以上。
附图说明:
图1为多孔碳化硅陶瓷SEM微观形貌。
具体实施例:
为了便于理解本发明,下面给出了具体实施例。本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面,不是旨在于限制本发明。
实施例1:
本发明包括以下步骤:
(1)原料配比:碳化硅50wt%,PVA2wt%,蒙脱石10%,二氧化硅18%,石油焦粉20wt%。以上各组分之和为100%;
(2)混料制浆:将上述各原料投入混料设备中,加入去离子水200%,混合球磨10小时,得到浆料;
(3)喷雾造粒:将所得浆料喷雾干燥造粒;
(4)压制成型:把陶瓷造粒料放入钢质模具内,干压成型得到坯体;
(5)烧结:将坯体放入马弗炉内烧结,烧结温度1350度,保温4小时。冷却得到多孔碳化硅陶瓷;
(6)将多孔碳化硅陶瓷放入30%浓度醋酸溶液中,常温浸泡24小时;
(7)将多孔碳化硅陶取出,清洗表面的醋酸溶液,最后烘干。
实施例2:
本发明包括以下步骤:
(1)原料配比:碳化硅70wt%,酚醛树脂5%wt%,蒙脱石5wt%,二氧化钛10%,碳酸铵10wt%。以上各组分之和为100%;
(2)混料制浆:将上述各原料投入混料设备中,加入去离子水250%,高速搅拌5小时得到浆料;
(3)喷雾造粒:将所得浆料喷雾干燥造粒;
(4)压制成型:把陶瓷造粒料放入钢质模具内,干压成型得到坯体;
(5)烧结:将坯体放入空气气氛隧道炉内烧结,烧结温度1400度,保温2小时。冷却得到多孔碳化硅陶瓷;
(6)将多孔碳化硅陶瓷放入20%浓度醋酸溶液中,常温浸泡5小时;
(7)将多孔碳化硅陶取出,清洗表面的醋酸溶液,最后烘干。
实施例3:
本发明包括以下步骤:
(1)原料配比:碳化硅45wt%,淀粉10wt%,氧化镁10wt%,碳酸钙10wt%,焦炭25wt%。以上各组分之和为100%;
(2)混料制浆:将上述各原料投入混料设备中,加入去离子水,混合球磨6小时得到浆料;
(3)喷雾造粒:将所得浆料喷雾干燥造粒;
(4)压制成型:把陶瓷造粒料放入钢质模具内,干压成型得到坯体;
(5)烧结:将坯体放入空气气氛钟罩炉内烧结,烧结温度1450度,保温1小时。冷却得到多孔碳化硅陶瓷。
(6)将多孔碳化硅陶瓷放入40%浓度醋酸溶液中,常温浸泡3小时。
(7)将多孔碳化硅陶取出,清洗表面的醋酸溶液,最后烘干。

Claims (7)

1.一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷,其特征在于:它包括按以下组分配比:
粒度范围1-200μm的碳化硅40~70wt%,
粒度范围0.1-40μm的粘接剂1~30wt%,
粒度范围0.1-100μm的烧结助剂5~20wt%,
粒度范围0.1-100μm的造孔剂10~40wt%;
以上各组分之和为100%。
2.一种基于权利要求1的一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)原料配比:按以下比例称取原料:碳化硅40~70wt%,粘接剂1~30wt%,烧结助剂5~20wt%,造孔剂10~40wt%,以上各组分之和为100%;
(2)混料制浆:将上述原料投入混料设备中,加入去离子水,混合球磨或搅拌得到陶瓷浆料;
(3)喷雾造粒:将陶瓷浆料喷雾干燥造粒;
(4)压制成型:把陶瓷造粒料放入模具内,干压成型得到陶瓷坯体;
(5)烧结:将陶瓷坯体放入烧结炉内烧结,冷却后得到多孔碳化硅陶瓷,使多孔碳化硅陶瓷的表面形成二氧化硅薄膜;
(6)超亲水处理:采用10~90%的醋酸溶液,在室温环境下,将多孔碳化硅陶瓷放入醋酸溶液浸泡2~10小时;使醋酸溶液中的氢离子被吸附到多孔陶瓷的二氧化硅薄膜表面;
(7)将多孔碳化硅陶取出,清洗表面的醋酸溶液,最后烘干。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述粘接剂包括无机粘接剂和有机粘接剂;
所述无机粘接剂包括蒙脱石、伊利石、海泡石、高岭土、坡缕石中的一种或几种组合;
所述有机粘接剂包括PVA、水溶性纤维素、葡萄糖、水溶性酚醛树脂中的一种或几种组合。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述烧结助剂为氧化镁、二氧化硅、氧化铝、碳酸钙、二氧化钛、玻璃粉、硅酸钠中的一种或几种组合。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述造孔剂包括无机造孔剂和有机造孔剂中,
所述无机造孔剂包括石油焦、活性炭、石墨、木炭、焦炭、煤粉、碳酸铵、碳酸氢铵、氯化铵的一种或几种;
所述有机造孔剂包括PVA、PMMA、PVB、淀粉、糊精、纤维素的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)采用干压成型工艺,将陶瓷造粒粉加入钢模内,压制成型。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种蒸汽式医用雾化器用多孔碳化硅陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:烧结炉采用空气气氛的高温烧结炉,选取马弗炉、隧道窑、钟罩炉中的一种,烧结温度1300~1500度,保温1~4小时。
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