CN110810636A - Regulator for improving intestinal health of micropterus salmoides at feed conversion stage and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Regulator for improving intestinal health of micropterus salmoides at feed conversion stage and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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Abstract
The invention provides a regulator for improving intestinal health of micropterus salmoides at a feed conversion stage and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of feed additives. The regulator comprises 5-30% of tea polyphenol, 5-20% of oxidized konjac glucomannan, 20-50% of linseed oil, 10-30% of inulin and 25-40% of a carrier. The preparation method comprises placing oleum Lini in a stainless steel reaction kettle, slowly adding carrier and stirring well to obtain oleum Lini mixture, sieving with 80-100 mesh sieve, adding tea polyphenols, oxidized konjac glucomannan and inulin respectively, mixing and stirring well, checking the content of each component of the obtained mixture, canning and packaging. The obtained regulator is applied to the preparation of the feed in the feed conversion stage of the micropterus salmoides, so that the intestinal health of the micropterus salmoides in the feed conversion stage can be greatly improved, gastrointestinal tract diseases are reduced, and the use of antibiotics in the culture process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a regulator for improving intestinal health of micropterus salmoides at a feed conversion stage.
Background
The Lateolabrax japonicus of the California Lateolabrax school name is originally a North America Missippi river system, has strong disease resistance, fast growth, easy capture, wide temperature application, beautiful appearance, no muscle stabs and tender meat. By virtue of the unique quality and growth advantages of the micropterus salmoides, the micropterus salmoides are always favored by consumers. The micropterus salmoides as an exotic fish species have been developed for decades and rooted in China, and from the aspects of domestic market supply and demand, the micropterus salmoides are raised to be suitable for breeding. In recent years, with the breakthrough of whole-course pellet feed and feeding technology, the micropterus salmoides becomes a 'good-hand culture star'. The technology of 'out-of-season seedling culture' is broken through, and the further development of the micropterus salmoides industry is promoted. The demand of micropterus salmoides seedlings reaches hundreds of levels, the culture area is continuously expanded, and the year-by-year increasing trend is achieved. The future market prospect of the micropterus salmoides is very good.
In the process of cultivating the micropterus salmoides, a fry coarsening process is required. The coarse micropterus salmoides fry is fed through converting bait feed of different sizes according to different growth stages. However, some adverse reactions frequently occur in the feed conversion stage of micropterus salmoides, which are mainly expressed as follows: the fry is not eaten in the initial stage and roams in a water body grass or a place with a shelter; some anus have excrement dragging, and most intestinal tracts have bleeding (enteritis bleeding caused by aeromonas infection is identified by laboratory detection of diseased fish); the later period shows that the back muscle is whitish and takes the shape of a 'mature body', and the cultivation practice is commonly called 'mature body disease'. The death rate is over 80 percent when the patient is in the peak period of the disease and the patient dies a lot within 2 to 3 days. At present, adverse reactions during the material transferring period of micropterus salmoides are mostly caused by weak physique and low immunity of micropterus salmoides and intestinal tract comprehensive infection induced by bacteria or viruses, so that systemic blood circulation disorder and muscle necrosis are caused.
The technical scheme disclosed at present mainly relates to beneficial bacteria bacteriostasis (201510162168.7; 201810565029.2), traditional Chinese medicine preparations (201710596078.8; 201810945052.4), antimicrobial peptide (201910306889.9) and the like. Wherein beneficial bacteria are planted for a long time in the beneficial bacteria inhibition way; the action effect of the plant traditional Chinese medicine is weak and the required dosage is large; the preparation cost of the antibacterial peptide is high, and the like. The existing technical schemes have long action time, more uncertain factors, high cost and the like for adjusting the intestinal health of the juvenile Micropterus salmoides in the feed conversion stage. Therefore, in order to solve the technical problems, it is necessary to research a preparation which has fast action time and high economic benefit and is used for adjusting the intestinal health of the juvenile micropterus salmoides in the feed conversion stage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a regulator for improving intestinal health of micropterus salmoides at the feed conversion stage and a preparation method and application thereof. The feed additive is reasonable in proportion, has a synergistic effect among various components, can greatly improve the intestinal health of young micropterus salmoides in the feed conversion stage, reduces gastrointestinal tract diseases, and reduces the use of antibiotics in the culture process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the regulator for improving intestinal health of juvenile micropterus salmoides in the feed transfer stage comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
wherein the tea polyphenols, oxidized konjac glucomannan, linseed oil and inulin are food grade.
The carrier is at least one of soluble starch or powdered state.
The preparation method of the regulator comprises the following specific steps:
(1) placing linseed oil in a stainless steel reaction kettle, slowly adding a carrier and uniformly stirring to obtain a linseed oil mixture, and sieving the linseed oil mixture with a sieve of 80-100 meshes;
(2) respectively adding tea polyphenol, oxidized konjac glucomannan and inulin into the screened linseed oil mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing and stirring;
(3) and (3) checking the content of each component of the mixture obtained in the step (2), and canning and packaging.
The regulator is applied to the feed preparation in the feed conversion stage of micropterus salmoides.
The addition weight ratio of the regulator in the feed of the juvenile micropterus salmoides at the feed conversion stage is 0.1-0.5%.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the linseed oil contains a large amount of α -linolenic acid, and the content of the α -linolenic acid is about 53 percent, at present, the prior technical results indicate that the supplement of dietary linseed oil for terrestrial animals can influence the metabolic activity of flora by changing the diversity of intestinal flora, the abundance of flora, the number of flora and the like, α -linolenic acid in the linseed oil is taken as an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and multiple benefits on the health of aquatic animals are widely reported, particularly, the promotion effect of the efficacy of reducing blood fat and regulating lipid metabolism on the health of the aquatic animals is well known.
Tea polyphenol is also called tea tannin and tea tannin, is a general name of polyhydroxy compounds in tea, and has the functions of resisting oxidation, removing free radicals, resisting bacteria, detoxifying and the like. Feed "banning" has been the trend, and tea polyphenols are concerned by their unique biological functions and "green" nature. The study of terrestrial animals shows that the tea polyphenol can inhibit the growth of nearly hundred bacteria of various bacterial groups to different degrees by influencing the cell division process of the bacteria. The tea polyphenol has good selectivity on the action of microorganisms, and mainly shows that the tea polyphenol can inhibit the growth of most harmful flora, promote the proliferation of beneficial flora such as bifidobacterium, lactobacillus and the like, improve the micro-ecology in animals and enhance the immunologic function of intestinal tracts. Because aquatic animals live in water environment, the diversity and abundance of intestinal microbial flora of aquatic animals are larger than those of terrestrial animals. At present, tea polyphenol related technical results are used on fish, but the results only show that the intestinal health of the fish is provided, and data are not used for specifically explaining whether the change condition of the intestinal microflora of the fish is influenced. And the diversity and abundance of Micropterus salmoides from stomach to foregut, midgut and hindgut of Micropterus salmoides, which is a gastric fish, are gradually increased, and the abundance of the microbial community is more frequently changed particularly in the feed transfer period of juvenile fish. At present, the high-sugar and high-fat level of the micropterus salmoides compound feed is an industry conventional phenomenon, and is easy to induce the change of corresponding microbial communities in intestinal tracts of micropterus salmoides, so as to cause diseases such as enteritis and the like. Based on the related creation thinking carried out on the action mechanism of tea polyphenol, the invention is a related cause of intestinal health injury of micropterus salmoides.
The oxidized konjac glucomannan is soluble dietary fiber, and can be fermented and utilized by beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts to generate substances such as gas, lactate, short-chain fatty acid and the like. The invention also finds that the oxidized konjac glucomannan can effectively inhibit the quantity of intestinal aeromonas hydrophila in the feeding process of the micropterus salmoides juvenile feed transfer stage, and the oxidized konjac glucomannan can obviously improve the diversity of intestinal flora of micropterus salmoides, obviously improve the intestinal villus height and the mucosal epithelial height, further improve the gene expression of the intestinal epithelial cells, promote the repair of damaged intestinal mucosal cells and further improve the intestinal mucosal morphology. At present, the use condition of the oxidized konjac glucomannan as the intestinal health regulator on the micropterus salmoides juvenile fish is not published with related technical achievements.
Inulin as a prebiotic can not be digested and decomposed in the oral cavity, the stomach and the intestine of animals due to the special β - (2,1) -glycosidic bond structure of the prebiotic, and can only be decomposed by intestinal microorganisms as substrates in the intestinal tract to generate a small amount of heat, so that the inulin has a plurality of outstanding physiological functions.
The tea polyphenol, the oxidized konjac glucomannan and the inulin have great potential for improving the intestinal health of the micropterus salmoides at the material transferring stage under the synergistic blending of the linseed oil, the antioxidant effect of the tea polyphenol is obviously improved after the blending of the linseed oil, the retention of active ingredients of the oxidized konjac glucomannan is assisted to be improved, the intestinal function improving effect of the oxidized konjac glucomannan is enhanced, and meanwhile, the tea polyphenol can be used as an antioxidant to reduce the oxidation of α -linolenic acid unsaturated bonds in the linseed oil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the change of Aeromonas hydrophila in the intestinal tract of juvenile Micropterus salmoides in test example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the changes of Aeromonas hydrophila in the intestinal tract of juvenile Micropterus salmoides in test example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
(1) Placing 50% of linseed oil into a stainless steel reaction kettle, slowly adding at least one of 30% of soluble starch or powdered palm rest, uniformly stirring to obtain a linseed oil mixture, and sieving the linseed oil mixture with an 80-mesh sieve, wherein the mass percentage of the linseed oil mixture is 100%;
(2) and (3) respectively adding 5% of tea polyphenol, 5% of oxidized konjac glucomannan and 10% of inulin into the screened linseed oil mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain the intestinal health regulator.
Test example 1
The intestinal health regulator prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is uniformly added into the compound feed in the feed conversion stage of the micropterus salmoides according to the weight percentage of 0.1% to prepare the compound pellet feed with the particle size of 1mm, which is used as a test group. The feed of the invention was not added as a blank control.
3 rectangular culture ponds with approximate sizes are selected in Zhejiang Huzhou city, and the middle of each culture pond is separated into 2 small ponds (one is fed with the control group feed and the other is fed with the test group feed) by using a net. 2 thousands of healthy micropterus salmoides juvenile fish in the material transferring stage are respectively put into the 6 small ponds, and the screening specification is about 10 grams. After 30 days of culture, the survival rate, feed coefficient and weight gain rate of micropterus salmoides are analyzed as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of intestinal health regulators in feed on growth health of micropterus salmoides
| Grouping | Survival rate (%) | Coefficient of feed | Weight gain (%) |
| Control group | 60.04±5.96 | 1.08±0.06 | 295.25±27.40 |
| Test group | 95.15±2.86 | 0.76±0.06 | 551.50±21.09 |
| P-value | 0.004 | 0.012 | <0.001 |
Remarking: data are expressed as mean ± standard error.
The colony count analysis of Aeromonas hydrophila in the intestinal tract is shown in FIG. 1.
In the pond fed with the control group feed, a plurality of fish bodies are found, defecation and bleeding of intestinal tracts occur at the anus, microbial analysis is carried out on the intestinal tracts of healthy micropterus salmoides of the control group and the test group, the quantity change of aeromonas hydrophila is shown in figure 1, and by integrating the test example 1, the fact that the intestinal tract health regulator provided by the invention is supplemented by the micropterus salmoides feed is obviously found, the survival rate and the weight gain rate are obviously improved, the feed coefficient of the micropterus salmoides is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the quantity of harmful bacteria of the aeromonas hydrophila in the intestinal tracts is obviously reduced.
Example 2
(1) Placing 20% of linseed oil into a stainless steel reaction kettle, slowly adding 20% of powdered oil and uniformly stirring to obtain a linseed oil mixture, and sieving the linseed oil mixture with a 100-mesh sieve, wherein the mass percentage of the linseed oil is 100%;
(2) and (3) respectively adding 25% of tea polyphenol, 20% of oxidized konjac glucomannan and 15% of inulin into the screened linseed oil mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain the intestinal health regulator.
Comparative example 1
The linseed oil-free mixed regulator is prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring 40% of powdered oil, 25% of tea polyphenol, 20% of konjac glucomannan and 15% of inulin according to the mass percentage of 100%.
Test example 2
The intestinal health regulator prepared in example 2 of the present invention and the flaxseed oil-free mixed regulator prepared in comparative example 1 were uniformly added to the compound feed for juvenile micropterus salmoides in an amount of 0.5% by weight, respectively, to prepare compound pellet feeds with a particle size of 1mm, which were used as test group 2 and test group 3, respectively. Wherein, the feed of the invention is not added as a blank control group.
540 tails of healthy micropterus salmoides are selected, the specification is about 30 grams, the micropterus salmoides are randomly divided into 3 treatment groups, each treatment group has 3 repetitions, and each repetition has 60 tails. The culture environment is the cage culture of a certain pond in Jiangsu Wujiang river, the specification of the cage is 2 multiplied by 2 m. After 56 days of culture, the survival rate, feed coefficient and weight gain rate of micropterus salmoides are analyzed as shown in Table 2, and the colony number of aeromonas hydrophila in intestinal tract is analyzed as shown in FIG. 2.
TABLE 2 influence of intestinal health regulators in feed on growth health of micropterus salmoides
| Grouping | Survival rate (%) | Coefficient of feed | Weight gain (%) |
| Control group | 73.04±3.10c | 1.08±0.11c | 375.25±27.28c |
| |
95.28±2.86a | 0.66±0.03a | 636.50±31.59a |
| Test group 3 | 80.25±2.62b | 0.86±0.16b | 537.50±30.79b |
| P-value | 0.003 | 0.032 | 0.004 |
Remarking: data are expressed as mean ± standard error; the letters a, b and c in the table indicate that the one-way analysis of variance is significantly different.
As described in the above examples and test examples, it was found that the addition of the tea polyphenols blended with linseed oil, oxidized konjac glucomannan and inulin to the compound feed at the feed conversion stage of micropterus salmoides (added in an amount of 0.1-0.5%) after mixing with the carrier produces significant performance benefits, particularly, the survival rate and the weight gain rate of micropterus salmoides at the feed conversion stage are significantly improved, and the feed coefficient is significantly reduced. The intestinal health regulator of the invention greatly reduces the quantity of aeromonas hydrophila in the intestinal tract during the period of transferring the feed of the micropterus salmoides, and reduces intestinal infection symptoms caused by aeromonas hydrophila infection, because the performance of using linseed oil matched with tea polyphenol, oxidized konjac glucomannan and inulin to improve the intestinal health of the micropterus salmoides has never been proved before.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The regulator for improving intestinal health of juvenile micropterus salmoides in the feed transfer stage is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
wherein the tea polyphenols, oxidized konjac glucomannan, linseed oil and inulin are food grade.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the carrier is at least one of soluble starch or powdered oil.
3. A process for the preparation of the modulator according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:
(1) placing linseed oil in a stainless steel reaction kettle, slowly adding a carrier and uniformly stirring to obtain a linseed oil mixture, and sieving the linseed oil mixture with a sieve of 80-100 meshes;
(2) respectively adding tea polyphenol, oxidized konjac glucomannan and inulin into the screened linseed oil mixture obtained in the step (2), and uniformly mixing and stirring;
(3) and (3) checking the content of each component of the mixture obtained in the step (2), and canning and packaging.
4. A use of the modulator of any one of claims 1 to 3 in feed formulation during the re-feeding stage of micropterus salmoides.
5. The use of the regulator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the addition weight ratio of the regulator in the feed of young micropterus salmoides at the feed conversion stage is 0.1% -0.5%.
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Address after: 214107 No. 162, donglang Road, zone B, mechanical equipment Industrial Park, Yangjian Town, Xishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: WUXI HANOVE ANIMAL HEALTH PRODUCTS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 214101 Jiangsu city of Wuxi province Xishan HUAFA Road Economic Development Zone No. 8 Applicant before: WUXI HANOVE ANIMAL HEALTH PRODUCTS Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20200221 |