CN110777442A - 衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法 - Google Patents
衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法。制备方法如下：步骤1：衣康酸胍盐酸盐合成，步骤2：衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚纤维合成。本发明提供一种衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法。该纤维合成方法简便，杀菌、抑菌能力强。价格便宜。该消毒剂杀菌广谱，速效，持效杀菌能力长，安全无毒，环保。对布氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌等有极强的杀灭作用，其稳定性也很好，有效期长达二年，且具有易于涂抹、渗透迅速、挥发快、不着色、易清洗等优点；可用于皮肤与创面消毒、手消毒、空气消毒、妇科及泌尿科消毒、饮用水消毒等，是一种新型、理想的便捷消毒剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及消毒产品领域，具体地说是一种衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法。
背景技术
衣康酸曾被认为是生物技术手段生产的前12种生物化学物质之一。它在绿色化学领域的潜在应用是众多的。目前，衣康酸及其化学衍生物被认为是低工业相关性的利基化学品，具有活泼的化学性质，可进行自身间的聚合，也能与带有杀菌性的单体聚合成高分子化合物，然后进行纺丝，形成抗菌纤维。抗菌纤维中起作用的抗菌剂可以防止有害微生物对纤维本身的粘附,在附着在纤维上的时候就被抑制然后杀死,从而起到保护使用人员的作用。在人们的生产生活中不可避免地接触到各种病毒、细菌和真菌等微生物,这些微生物不仅污染环境,而且还导致许多疾病的产生,严重的威胁了人类的身心健康。抗菌性纤维作为一种新型的卫生保健纤维,它的开发以及应用完全符合市场需求,在人类日益关爱自身健康的环境下,将具有良好的市场开发应用前景。
抗菌纤维一般可以分为天然抗菌纤维和人工抗菌纤维两大类。天然抗菌纤维是指天然纤维本身就具有抗菌性，例如甲壳素纤维,竹原纤维、麻纤维等这类本身就具有抗菌效果的天然纤维，天然抗菌纤维生产工艺复杂、产品耐热性差；人工抗菌纤维是采用物理的或化学的方法将抗菌剂引入纤维表面及内部,一般包括以下几种方法:共混纺丝法、复合纺丝法、接枝改性法、离子交换法、湿纺法和后整理法。人工抗菌纤维的抗菌剂包括有机金属化合物、氯代酚以及硫化合物类等强抗菌性化学物质，其中部分抗菌剂纺织成抗菌纤维会破坏人体细胞组织，从而引起皮肤炎症、皮肤斑疹，也有部分有机金属化合物抗菌剂纺织成抗菌纤维穿在身上不舒适。
现在市场上使用的杀菌纤维主要有下面四种：
金属银物理混纺法。缺点：舒适度差，耐用度低。
含氯消毒液浸润法。缺点：抑菌时效短，副作用大。
金属离子明胶改性。缺点：法针对菌种范围小，改性条件苛刻。
纳米分散混熔法。缺点：工艺难度大，造价昂贵。
总之，市场上缺少高效、适用、方便的消毒纤维。
现在急需一种价格低廉、杀菌效果持久、对皮肤无刺激、无毒无副作用的抗菌纤维。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供一种成本低、对皮肤无刺激、高效杀菌、杀菌效果持久且价格低廉的衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是：
衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法，制备方法如下：
步骤1：衣康酸胍盐酸盐合成
在四颈瓶中，加入衣康酸、盐酸胍和浓硫酸脱水剂，加热135℃回流分水4小时，待反应时间3.5小时时停止加热，得到衣康酸胍盐酸盐，将产物放入烧杯中备用下一步聚合反应。
步骤2：衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚纤维合成：
在三颈瓶中加入衣康酸胍盐酸盐，苯乙烯，偶氮二异丁氰搅拌，加热到75℃，反应聚合1小时，将聚合产物趁热倒入烧杯中，采用干法湿纺制成纤维。
步骤1中所述衣康酸、盐酸胍和浓硫酸脱水剂重量比为130：95：2。
步骤2中衣康酸胍盐酸盐与苯乙烯的摩尔比为1：1-5。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明提供一种衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法。该纤维合成方法简便，杀菌、抑菌能力强。价格便宜。该消毒剂杀菌广谱，速效，持效杀菌能力长，安全无毒，环保。对布氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌等有极强的杀灭作用，其稳定性也很好，有效期长达二年，且具有易于涂抹、渗透迅速、挥发快、不着色、易清洗等优点；可用于皮肤与创面消毒、手消毒、空气消毒、妇科及泌尿科消毒、饮用水消毒等，是一种新型、理想的便捷消毒剂。
2、本消毒剂起消毒作用的是胍基，是固定在纤维上，这样使用方便，而且清洗不掉，杀菌效果持久。
附图说明
图1为大肠杆菌抑菌检测图。
图2为金黄葡萄球菌药物的抑菌检测图。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的是要提供一种对皮肤无刺激、高效杀菌、杀菌效果持久且价格低廉的抗菌纤维的合成方法。消毒纤维合成分两步。具体合成路线如下：
合成路线
制备方法如下：
步骤1：衣康酸胍盐酸盐合成
安装好带有温度计、回流管、加料口和搅拌器的四颈瓶中，加入130克衣康酸、95克盐酸胍和2克浓硫酸脱水剂，加热135℃回流分水4小时，待反应时间3，5小时时停止加热。得到205克衣康酸胍盐酸盐(产率98％)将产物放入烧杯中备用下一步聚合反应。
步骤2：衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚纤维合成：
安装好带有温度计、滴液漏斗、搅拌器三颈瓶中加入20.3克衣康酸胍盐酸盐，10.4克苯乙烯，偶氮二异丁氰2克搅拌，加热到75℃，反应聚合1小时。将聚合产物趁热倒入烧杯中，攒足50克后采用干法湿纺制成纤维后，编制成抗菌纤维布，最后将纤维裁剪成口罩。
实施例2：
其它步骤都同上面叙述，只是步骤2中的衣康酸胍盐酸盐和苯乙烯用量摩尔比为1：1。
实施例3：
其它步骤都同上面叙述，只是步骤2中的衣康酸胍盐酸盐和苯乙烯用量摩尔比为1：5。
实施例5：
其它步骤都同上面叙述，只是步骤2中的衣康酸胍盐酸盐和苯乙烯用量摩尔比为1：3。
根据抗菌纤维用途不同改变苯乙烯和衣康酸胍盐酸盐的配比(如强度高则苯乙烯比例适当提高；抗菌效果好些则衣康酸胍盐酸盐比例高些)。
将衣康酸盐酸胍盐溶解在去离子水中做下面抑菌检测试验。
药物抑菌检测试验
实验药物：衣康酸胍基盐杀菌检测报告
实验菌种：大肠杆菌，金黄葡萄球菌
实验流程：
1.称取5克衣康酸胍盐酸盐加医药去离子水配置成1％溶液。
2.取实验菌种用培养基进行1：1000的浓度稀释，同时取三个96孔板。将稀释后的菌液加入96孔板的前七排，每排每孔加入量150微升，共加三个96板。
3.每个96板的前三排一孔依次再加入150微升稀释后的菌液，30微升药物。用排枪依次向后稀释，共稀释24个浓度梯度。孔板第七排为空白菌液对照。
4.孔板第八排各加150微升培养基，作空白对照。
5.所有试剂加入完毕，96孔板用封口膜封好，分别标注三种药物信息，放入37℃培养箱培养。
6.培养2h，4h，6h，8h，10h后用酶标仪检测并记录各孔菌液数据(检测波长为630nm)。
实验数据：
从图1和图2可以看出，抗菌纤维有抑菌效果，抑菌浓度为十个稀释梯度。
Claims (3)
1.衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法，其特征在于：
制备方法如下：
步骤1：衣康酸胍盐酸盐合成
在四颈瓶中，加入衣康酸、盐酸胍和浓硫酸脱水剂，加热135℃回流分水4小时，待反应时间3.5小时时停止加热，得到衣康酸胍盐酸盐，将产物放入烧杯中备用下一步聚合反应；
步骤2：衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚纤维合成：
在三颈瓶中加入衣康酸胍盐酸盐，苯乙烯，偶氮二异丁氰搅拌，加热到75℃，反应聚合1小时，将聚合产物趁热倒入烧杯中，采用干法湿纺制成纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法，其特征在于：
步骤1中所述衣康酸、盐酸胍和浓硫酸脱水剂重量比为130：95：2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的衣康酸胍基苯乙烯共聚消毒纤维制备方法，其特征在于：
步骤2中衣康酸胍盐酸盐与苯乙烯的摩尔比为1：1-5。
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