CN110771296A - Novel method for ecological green covering of high and steep rock slope for green mine construction - Google Patents
Novel method for ecological green covering of high and steep rock slope for green mine construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN110771296A CN110771296A CN201911110557.XA CN201911110557A CN110771296A CN 110771296 A CN110771296 A CN 110771296A CN 201911110557 A CN201911110557 A CN 201911110557A CN 110771296 A CN110771296 A CN 110771296A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000727913 Parthenocissus tricuspidata Species 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000219098 Parthenocissus Species 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method for ecological green covering of a high and steep rock slope for green mine construction, wherein triangular concrete basins (1) are arranged up and down, left and right along the trend of the high and steep rock slope, and the triangular concrete basins (1) are fixed on the slope surface of the high and steep rock slope by adopting short anchor rods; a main water inlet pipe (6) is arranged at the toe of the high and steep rock slope, and irrigation branch pipes (3) are arranged from bottom to top along the edge of the triangular concrete basin (1); the sprinkling flower pipes (2) are distributed at the positions, close to the upper parts of the triangular concrete basins (1), of the irrigation branch pipes (3), and the sprinkling flower pipes (2) are communicated with the irrigation branch pipes (3) through tee joints (4); fertile and nutritious peat soil is filled in the triangular concrete basin (1), and potted greening plants are planted in the peat soil in the triangular concrete basin (1). The method has the advantages of large greening coverage, good greening effect, ecology and attractiveness, is particularly suitable for greening steep slope of large-scale surface mines, and achieves the purposes of reconstructing ecological environment of the slope and building green mines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a long-term effective greening method for beautifying the environment of a high and steep rock slope of an open mine, which is particularly suitable for green mine construction of the open mine, vegetation of the high and steep rock slope and beautifying the mine environment.
Background
According to the 2010 statistical data, there are 67862 seats in the total number of non-coal surface mines in China. The open pit mining leaves a large number of high and steep bare rock slopes, and a great problem is brought to mine greening. The bare high and steep side slope exhibits the following characteristics: the water and organic matters are lacked, so that water and soil loss is easy to occur under the condition of strong rainfall, and the natural ecology is difficult to recover; the treatment difficulty is high, and more manpower, material resources and technologies are required to be invested; the exposed part can produce adverse effect to whole ecological environment in the periphery, and original vegetation suffers destruction, leads to the side slope very fragile, appears mud-rock flow very easily, collapses geological disasters such as. Therefore, in order to ensure the surrounding ecological balance, a construction unit needs to combine the characteristics of the high and steep slope to make a perfect maintenance scheme and ensure the stability of the slope. In order to maintain the stability of the side slope, the construction unit mainly adopts the reinforcement mode of grouted stone and spray anchor support, but the construction mode of the reinforcement mode is single, and the surrounding ecological balance cannot be effectively kept.
At present, the technology for covering green on the steep slope of the strip mine, which is economical, reasonable and good in effect, is always a serious problem faced by mines, and the technology for covering green on the steep slope is faced with two problems, namely, the slope body is steep, and the soil body is difficult to be bonded on the slope body to form a certain thickness; secondly, the slope is smooth and hard, and the soil body is easy to fall off when being washed by rain water on the surface. Usually, the greening of the slope body adopts lattice beams, long anchor rods are constructed on the slope body for fixation, measures such as soil covering vegetation are adopted among the lattices, but the cost is too high, and the greening cost is immeasurable particularly for the rock mass of the open mine exposed in a large area. Therefore, the steep slope green covering technology is a big problem that the prior surface mine becomes a green environment-friendly mine.
At present, the slope greening of a stope is carried out on a high-steep bare rock slope by adopting a method of hanging nets and spraying grass seeds in grout, for example, Chinese patent application 201810187361.x provides a novel method for greening the slope of a large strip mine, anchor rod mounting holes are drilled in the slope of the strip mine at a distance of 35-50 cm, and supporting short anchor rods are rammed into the anchor rod mounting holes; covering the iron wire net on the slope surface of the strip mine; binding and fixing the wood board on two adjacent support short anchor rod support sections at the same level by using steel wires; spraying the covering soil to the slope surface of the side of the strip mine in the iron wire net; laying fixed geotextile on the outer surface of the wire netting, so that a stable integral structure is formed by the short support anchor rods, the wood boards, the wire netting, the earthing soil, the geotextile and the strip mine side slope; the growing grass or/and other plants are maintained. But the effect is not ideal from the later stage, firstly, the grass seeds are not easy to grow, and secondly, even if the grass is planted to survive, the last gunite layer can quickly fall off from the rock slope due to the action of grass roots. The spraying and grass planting always have an irreconcilable contradiction: on one hand, the growth of the vegetation needs enough moisture, which requires that the bottom of the guniting layer needs to keep certain moisture; on one hand, water is stored in the high and steep rock slope, the stability of the slope is not favorable, and the slope needs to be drained in time. Therefore, the effect of greening the surface mine side slope by adopting the shotcrete vegetation is not ideal and is not suitable for popularization; and the method for covering green on the strip mine slope also has the problem of high construction cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of difficult survival of plants, easy falling of a gunite layer, high construction and maintenance cost, adverse effect on the stability of a side slope and poor green covering effect of the existing high and steep rock slope, and provides a novel method for ecological green covering of the high and steep rock slope for green mine construction.
In order to realize the aim, the novel method for ecological green covering of the high and steep rock slope for green mine construction is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a novel method for ecological green covering of a high and steep rock slope for green mine construction, which selects climbing vines as pot greening plants; and (3) planting the climbing vine greening plants by adopting reinforced concrete prefabricated triangular concrete basin climbing vine plants. The triangular concrete pots are arranged in an up-down and left-right mode along the direction of the high and steep rock slope, the distance between every two adjacent rows is 4-7 m, the distance between every two adjacent rows is 4-6 m, and the triangular concrete pots are fixed on the slope surface of the high and steep rock slope through short anchor rods; a main water inlet pipe is arranged at the slope toe of the high and steep rock slope, irrigation branch pipes are arranged along the edge of the triangular concrete basin from bottom to top, and the lower ends of the irrigation branch pipes are communicated with the main water inlet pipe; a sprinkling flower pipe is arranged at the position of the irrigation branch pipe close to the upper part of the triangular concrete basin and is communicated with the irrigation branch pipe through a three-way joint; filling rich and nutritious peat soil in the triangular concrete pot, and planting potted greening plants in the peat soil in the triangular concrete pot; the water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet main pipe, the water inlet valve is opened periodically or irregularly according to actual needs, and water is fed into the triangular concrete basin through the water inlet main pipe, the irrigation branch pipe and the sprinkling flower pipe to be used for sprinkling the potted greening plants.
The length of the triangular concrete basin is 40-60 cm, and the side length of three sides of the cross section is (26-35 cm) × (26-35 cm).
The potted green plant is first mountain tiger. The Tilapia papyrifera is one of Vitaceae Tilapia plants, and belongs to liana greening plants. The parthenocissus tricuspidata has strong adaptability, favors the yin and moisture environment, is not afraid of strong light, resists cold, drought and barren, has wide climate adaptability, and can keep a semi-evergreen or evergreen state in the south of a warm temperature zone in winter. The soil is resistant to pruning and water accumulation, has low requirements on soil, can thrive in a humid environment or a sunny place, but grows best in the humid and fertile soil. It has strong resistance to harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and the like. The creeper has the advantages of sex harmony, small occupied area, fast growth and large greening coverage area. And a cane with 2 cm thick stem is planted for two years, and the greening coverage can reach 30 to 50 square meters.
The growth of the tiger creeper is suitable for the Guangdong region of China, and the Henan, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Fujian of China are distributed.
The main water inlet pipe, the branch irrigation pipes and the water spraying floral tubes are all made of PE pipes. The pipe diameter phi of the water inlet main pipe is 50-80 mm, the pipe diameter phi of the irrigation branch pipe is 30-40 mm, the pipe diameter phi of the sprinkling flower pipe is 10-20 mm, and the hole diameter of the sprinkling flower pipe is 1.5-2 mm.
The novel method for ecological green covering of the high and steep rock slope for green mine construction has the following beneficial effects after the technical scheme is adopted:
(1) the water supply and sprinkling system composed of the water inlet main pipe, the water inlet valve arranged on the water inlet main pipe, the irrigation branch pipe and the sprinkling flower pipe is very simple in structure and low in construction and operation cost.
(2) The triangular concrete basin is filled with rich and nutritious peat soil, and the boston ivy is planted in the peat soil in the triangular concrete basin, so that the greening coverage is large, the greening effect is good, and the greening is ecological and attractive, and is particularly suitable for being applied to greening of steep slopes of large-scale open mines, the ecological environment reconstruction of the slopes is realized, and the purpose of building green mines is achieved.
(3) The parthenocissus tricuspidata can beautify mine environment, cool, regulate air, reduce noise and adsorb flying dust. When the hill-climbing tiger is drought-enduring, the tendril-rolling type sucker can also absorb water on the slope rocks, thereby being beneficial to the dry of the slope.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the greening arrangement of the high and steep rock slope ecological greening new method for green mine construction on the slope surface;
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the arrangement positions of the triangular concrete basin and the sprinkler pipe on the side slope surface adopted by the invention; .
The reference signs are: 1-triangular concrete basin; 2-watering a floral tube; 3-irrigation branch pipes; 4-a three-way joint; 5-a water inlet valve; 6-water inlet main pipe.
Detailed Description
For further description of the present invention, the new method of ecological greening of high and steep rock slopes for green mine construction according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The greening arrangement schematic diagram of the novel method for ecological greening of the high and steep rock slope for green mine construction on the slope surface shown in fig. 1 is combined with fig. 2, and the novel method for ecological greening of the high and steep rock slope for green mine construction is implemented by adopting the following processes and steps:
the invention relates to a novel method for ecological green covering of a high and steep rock slope for green mine construction, which selects parthenocissus tricuspidata as pot greening plants; prefabricating a triangular concrete basin by using reinforced concrete, wherein the length of the triangular concrete basin 1 is 50cm, and the side length of three sides of the section is 30cm multiplied by 30 cm; the triangular concrete pots 1 are arranged up and down, left and right along the direction of the high and steep rock slope, the distance between every two adjacent rows is 5-6 m m, the distance between every two adjacent rows is 5m, and the triangular concrete pots 1 are fixed on the slope surface of the high and steep rock slope through short anchor rods; a main water inlet pipe 6 is arranged at the slope toe of the high and steep rock slope, irrigation branch pipes 3 are arranged along the edge of the triangular concrete basin 1 from bottom to top, and the lower ends of the irrigation branch pipes 3 are communicated with the main water inlet pipe 6; a sprinkling flower pipe 2 is arranged at a position of the irrigation branch pipe 3 close to the upper part of the triangular concrete basin 1, and the sprinkling flower pipe 2 is communicated with the irrigation branch pipe 3 through a three-way joint 4; the water inlet main pipe 6, the irrigation branch pipes 3 and the sprinkling flower pipes 2 are made of PE pipes, the pipe diameter phi of the water inlet main pipe 6 is 50mm, the pipe diameter phi of the irrigation branch pipes 3 is 40mm, the pipe diameter phi of the sprinkling flower pipes 2 is 20mm, the flower eye aperture phi of the sprinkling flower pipes 2 is 2mm, the hole pitch is 6mm, and the plum blossom-shaped arrangement is achieved. The triangular concrete basin 1 is filled with rich and nutritious peat soil, potted green plants are planted in the peat soil in the triangular concrete basin 1, and the peat soil is used as a root base for planting the parthenocissus tricuspidata; set up inlet valve 5 on the person in charge of intaking 6, inlet valve 5 is closed at ordinary times, opens when needing watering the plant, and water is responsible for 6, irrigation branch pipe 3, the watering floral tube 2 through intaking and is used for the watering of afforestation plant cultivated in a pot to be used for in three-edged concrete basin 1, waters regularly in the first half year of planting the plant species.
Claims (5)
1. A new method for ecological green covering of high and steep rock slopes for green mine construction is characterized in that: selecting climbing vines as pot greening plants; the method comprises the steps that a triangular concrete basin (1) is prefabricated by reinforced concrete, the triangular concrete basin (1) is arranged up and down, left and right along the trend of the high and steep rock slope, the distance between every two adjacent rows is 4-7 m, the distance between every two adjacent rows is 4-6 m, and the triangular concrete basin (1) is fixed on the slope surface of the high and steep rock slope by a short anchor rod; a main water inlet pipe (6) is arranged at the slope toe of the high and steep rock slope, irrigation branch pipes (3) are arranged along the edge of the triangular concrete basin (1) from bottom to top, and the lower ends of the irrigation branch pipes (3) are communicated with the main water inlet pipe (6); the sprinkling flower pipes (2) are distributed at the positions, close to the upper parts of the triangular concrete basins (1), of the irrigation branch pipes (3), and the sprinkling flower pipes (2) are communicated with the irrigation branch pipes (3) through tee joints (4); fertile and nutritious peat soil is filled in the triangular concrete basin (1), and potted greening plants are planted in the peat soil in the triangular concrete basin (1); the water inlet valve (5) is arranged on the water inlet main pipe (6), the water inlet valve (5) is opened periodically or irregularly according to actual needs, and water is fed into the triangular concrete basin (1) through the water inlet main pipe (6), the irrigation branch pipes (3) and the watering flower pipes (2) for watering the potted greening plants.
2. The novel method for ecological greening of high and steep rock slopes for green mine construction as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length of the triangular concrete basin (1) is 40-60 cm, and the side length of three sides of the cross section is (26-35 cm) × (26-35 cm).
3. A new method for ecological greening of high and steep rock slopes for green mine construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the potted green plant is tiger.
4. The novel method for ecological greening of high and steep rock slopes for green mine construction as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the water inlet main pipe (6), the irrigation branch pipes (3) and the watering flower pipes (2) are PE pipes.
5. The novel method for ecological greening of high and steep rock slopes for green mine construction as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the pipe diameter phi of the water inlet main pipe (6) is 50-80 mm, the pipe diameter phi of the irrigation branch pipe (3) is 30-40 mm, the pipe diameter phi of the sprinkling flower pipe (2) is 10-20 mm, and the hole diameter of the sprinkling flower pipe (2) is 1.5-2 mm.
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| CN201911110557.XA CN110771296A (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Novel method for ecological green covering of high and steep rock slope for green mine construction |
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| CN201911110557.XA CN110771296A (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Novel method for ecological green covering of high and steep rock slope for green mine construction |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112267477A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-26 | 赵目军 | Ecological green covering method for high and steep rock slope for green mine construction |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5310288A (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-05-10 | Huang Tsun T | Work method for stabilizing and greening a slopeside of mudstone or laccolith |
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| CN108834628A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-20 | 三峡大学 | Utilize the vertical slope greening device and method of the fixed plant cover concrete of cement blanket plate |
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| WO2019205068A1 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-31 | 重庆大学产业技术研究院 | Ecological geogrid for slope protection |
-
2019
- 2019-11-14 CN CN201911110557.XA patent/CN110771296A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5310288A (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-05-10 | Huang Tsun T | Work method for stabilizing and greening a slopeside of mudstone or laccolith |
| CN204498898U (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-29 | 陈洪凯 | Rock slope plants raw groove structure from infiltration |
| CN204728349U (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-28 | 大理海东开发管理委员会市政园林绿化管理服务中心 | A kind of precipitous rock slope ecological greening system |
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| CN108834628A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-20 | 三峡大学 | Utilize the vertical slope greening device and method of the fixed plant cover concrete of cement blanket plate |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王敬功等: "《地质科技创新与实践—河北省保定地质工程勘查院科技论文集》", 30 September 2015, 北京：地质出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112267477A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-26 | 赵目军 | Ecological green covering method for high and steep rock slope for green mine construction |
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Application publication date: 20200211 |