CN110754279A - Method for preventing pomelo cracking - Google Patents
Method for preventing pomelo cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN110754279A CN110754279A CN201911122823.0A CN201911122823A CN110754279A CN 110754279 A CN110754279 A CN 110754279A CN 201911122823 A CN201911122823 A CN 201911122823A CN 110754279 A CN110754279 A CN 110754279A
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- fruit
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- girdling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing pomelos from cracking, which comprises the following steps: (1) performing girdling on the plants in autumn; (2) fruit retention is carried out after the flowers are withered; (3) carrying out flat fruit thinning and removing after the second physiological fruit drop and before the beginning of autumn; (4) ditching, draining and covering the film 40 days before the fruit is ripe. According to the method for preventing the pomelo cracking, provided by the invention, the pomelo cracking prevention technology is tested in more test points and a larger area, the comprehensive fruit cracking prevention technology for the pomelo is summarized and explored, and the yield, the quality and the economic benefit of the pomelo are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fruit tree planting, in particular to a method for preventing pomelos from cracking.
Background
The pomelo is one of four famous fruits in Putian city in Fujian province, has been planted for more than 160 years, has tender fruit quality, no seeds or few seeds, moderate sweet and sour taste and unique flavor, and is a Qingchao court tribute. In 5 months 2010, the national quality control administration officially approves and implements DB35T 1128 and 2011 geographical marking degree tail pomelo, and province and city two levels also correspondingly issue a related management method to ensure the quality characteristics and brand reputation of the geographical marking degree tail pomelo. However, the same advantage is highlighted by the defect of the cracking of the fruit top of the WEIWEISHANDAN shaddock, the annual fruit cracking rate is 30-40%, and the serious year is even as high as 70%. At present, cracking of the pomelo with the index of the tail shaddock becomes a bottleneck of sustainable development of the industry and troubles the increasing of income of fruit growers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preventing the fruit cracking of the high-degree shin shaddock, which can effectively reduce the fruit cracking rate of the low-degree shin shaddock and improve the yield and the quality of the high-degree shin shaddock.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
(1) performing girdling on the plants in autumn;
(2) fruit retention is carried out after the flowers are withered;
(3) flat fruits are thinned and removed after the second physiological fruit drop and before the beginning of autumn;
(4) ditching, draining and covering the film 40 days before the fruit is ripe.
And (2) performing ring-closing or spiral ring-cutting on the main trunk or main branch of the plant in the step (1), wherein the ring-cutting interval is 2-3mm, and the time is from fruit picking to winter.
And (2) after the flowers are withered and before the first physiological fruit drop, spraying 24D with the concentration of 5-10 mg/L for 2 times, wherein the interval of each time is 10-15 days.
The flat fruit in the step (3) is a fruit with a fruit shape index less than 0.80.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the thinning object of the invention is flat fruit with fruit shape index less than 0.8, the invention proves that the fruit cracking rate is 65% below the value, and the fruit cracking rate is greatly reduced above the value.
(2) The research of the invention shows that after the fruit is dropped for the second time, the fruit shape index is basically unchanged, i.e. the fruit still keeps the original shape or the original shape higher or lower when the fruit is mature.
(3) All pure fruit thinning all can cause the decline of output, and the conventional girdling time of degree chanden shaddock is spring, and this patent arrives autumn in advance, can improve flower volume and fruit volume, is assisted 24D simultaneously and handles, further guarantees the plant and hangs the fruit volume.
(4) According to the invention, the comprehensive fruit cracking prevention technology of the pomelos is summarized through the synergistic effect among the steps, the quality and the economic benefit of the pomelos are improved, the fruit cracking rate of the plants adopting the comprehensive prevention and control measures is controlled to be below 16.6%, the control fruit cracking rate reaches 33.2%, the fruit cracking rate is reduced by about 50%, and the fruit cracking prevention effect is extremely obvious; compared with the average soluble solid of the fruit of a control tree, the average soluble solid of the test tree is improved by 0.5 percent, and the fruit quality is obviously improved; the acre yield of the test tree is increased by 805.7kg compared with that of the control tree, the yield is increased by 13.5 percent, and the yield increasing effect is obvious.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
a method for preventing pomelo cracking comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out closed-loop girdling on the trunk or main branch of the plant after fruit picking in autumn and before winter, promoting flower bud differentiation and improving the flower quantity of the plant;
(2) spraying 5 mg/L of 24D 2 times after the flowers are withered and before the first physiological fruit drop, and stabilizing the fruit bearing amount of the plants at an interval of 10-15 days;
(3) removing flat fruits with fruit shape index less than 0.80 from the beginning of 6 months (miscanthus) to the end of 7 months (before autumn) after the second physiological fruit drop;
(4) digging drainage ditches among plant rows 40 days before fruit ripening, and simultaneously covering a film on the ground to inhibit the plant root system from absorbing water and slow down the too fast expansion of pulp.
Example 2:
a method for preventing pomelo cracking comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out spiral girdling on the trunk or main branch of the plant after fruit picking in autumn and before winter, promoting flower bud differentiation and improving the flower quantity of the plant;
(2) spraying 5 mg/L of 24D 2 times after the flowers are withered and before the first physiological fruit drop, and stabilizing the plants for bearing fruits at an interval of 10-15 days;
(3) removing flat fruits with fruit shape index less than 0.80 from the beginning of 6 months (miscanthus) to the end of 7 months (before autumn) after the second physiological fruit drop;
(4) digging drainage ditches around the plants 40 days before the fruits are ripe, and simultaneously covering a film on the ground to inhibit the water absorption of plant root systems and slow down the too fast expansion of pulp.
Example 3:
a method for preventing pomelo cracking comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out closed-loop girdling on the trunk or main branch of the plant after fruit picking in autumn and before winter, promoting flower bud differentiation and improving the flower quantity of the plant;
(2) spraying 10 mg/L of 24D 2 times after the flowers are withered and before the first physiological fruit drop, and stabilizing the plants for bearing fruits at an interval of 10-15 days;
(3) removing flat fruits with fruit shape index less than 0.80 from the beginning of 6 months (miscanthus) to the end of 7 months (before autumn) after the second physiological fruit drop;
(4) digging drainage ditches around the plants 40 days before the fruits are ripe, and simultaneously covering a film on the ground to inhibit the water absorption of plant root systems and slow down the too fast expansion of pulp.
Comparative example 1:
(1) in spring flowering season, namely the middle-upper ten days in 4 months (clear to valley rain), carrying out closed-loop girdling on the trunk or main branches of the plant, and improving the fruit setting rate of the plant;
(2) and (4) thinning malformed fruits about 40 days before the fruits are ripe.
Comparative example 2:
(1) carrying out closed-loop girdling on the trunk or main branch of the plant after fruit picking in autumn and before winter, promoting flower bud differentiation and improving the flower quantity of the plant;
(2) spraying 10 mg/L of 24D 2 times after the flowers are withered and before the first physiological fruit drop, and stabilizing the plants for bearing fruits at an interval of 10-15 days;
(3) and (4) thinning malformed fruits about 40 days before the fruits are ripe.
Comparative example 3:
(1) in spring flowering season, namely the middle-upper ten days in 4 months (clear to valley rain), carrying out closed-loop girdling on the trunk or main branches of the plant, and improving the fruit setting rate of the plant;
(2) flat fruits with fruit shape index less than 0.80 are thinned out after the second physiological fruit drop, namely from the beginning of 6 months (miscanthus) to the end of 7 months (before autumn).
The data obtained by the above examples by experiment are as follows:
1. influence of different treatments on fruit setting amount of WEIWENDANDAN pomelo
According to the experiment, detailed investigation is carried out in 2018-2019, and the flower quantity and the fruit bearing quantity of the WEIWEIDANDANshaddock plant adopting comprehensive prevention and treatment measures are remarkably increased compared with a control.
2. Effect of different treatments on fruit cracking of WEIWENDANDAN shaddock
According to the experiment, 25 plants of a test tree and a control tree are respectively selected randomly in 10 months in 2019 for fruit cracking rate investigation and analysis, the fruit cracking rate of the plants adopting the comprehensive prevention and control measures is controlled to be below 16.6%, the fruit cracking rate of the control trees reaches 33.2%, the fruit cracking rate is reduced by about 50%, and the anti-cracking effect is very obvious; and secondly, compared with the control tree (comparative example 1), the average soluble solid of the fruit of the test tree (example 1) is improved by 0.5 percent, and the fruit quality is obviously improved.
3. Effect of different treatments on yield and economic benefits of grapefruits
And (3) performing fruit picking statistics on the selected test tree and the selected control tree in the same time, wherein the average yield per mu of the pomelo tree adopting the comprehensive prevention and treatment measures is 6790.0kg, and the yield per mu not adopting the comprehensive prevention and treatment measures is 5984.3kg, so that the yield per mu of the test tree is increased by 805.7kg compared with that of the control tree, the yield is increased by 13.5%, and the yield increasing effect is obvious. According to the yield per mu of 4000kg, the unit price of not cracking fruits of 5 yuan/kg, the unit price of cracking fruits of 2.5 yuan/kg and the fruit cracking rate reduced by 15 percent, the cost of more investment per mu due to the adoption of comprehensive prevention and control measures is removed by 500 yuan, the income per mu is increased by about 1000 yuan actually, and the economic benefit is obviously improved. The data from the above comparative tests are as follows:
1. conventional management of plant fruiting amount and fruit cracking rate (comparative example 1)
According to the test, through test investigation in 2018 and 2019, the fruit bearing amount of the grapefruit plants with the degrees of chanwendan by adopting conventional management is general, and the average yield is reduced by 11.9% according to the yield per mu compared with the comprehensive anti-cracking measures; the fruit cracking rate is 33.2 percent, which is increased by 16.6 percent compared with the plants adopting comprehensive anti-cracking measures.
2. Effect of the flower promoting, flattened fruit on the fruit cracking Rate and quality (comparative examples 2, 3)
In the comparative example, in the test of only promoting flowers and thinning malformed fruits, the fruits have a large fruit bearing amount and high fruit cracking rate, and meanwhile, the single fruit of the fruits is light in weight and has a small first-class fruit ratio; if only the flat fruits are thinned and the flower promotion is not carried out, the yield is obviously reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, improvements, additions, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preventing pomelo cracking is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) performing girdling on the plants in autumn;
(2) fruit retention is carried out after the flowers are withered;
(3) carrying out flat fruit thinning and removing after the second physiological fruit drop and before the beginning of autumn;
(4) ditching, draining and covering the film 40 days before the fruit is ripe.
2. The method for preventing pomelo fruit cracking of Weekang pomelo according to claim 1, wherein the girdling in step (1) is closed-loop or spiral girdling of the trunk or main branch of the plant, the spacing between the girdling is 2-3mm, and the time is from fruit picking to winter.
3. The method for preventing fruit cracking of WEIWEISHANG shaddock according to claim 1, wherein the fruit protection in step (2) is that 24D (5-10 mg/L) is sprayed for 2 times with an interval of 10-15 days after the flowers are withered until the first physiological fruit drop.
4. The method of preventing dehiscence of WEIWENDANDAN pomelo according to claim 1, wherein the flat fruit in step (3) is a fruit with a fruit shape index of less than 0.80.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911122823.0A CN110754279A (en) | 2019-11-16 | 2019-11-16 | Method for preventing pomelo cracking |
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| CN201911122823.0A CN110754279A (en) | 2019-11-16 | 2019-11-16 | Method for preventing pomelo cracking |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112568050A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 莆田市农业科学研究所 | Management method for reducing fruit cracking rate of WEIWEISHANG pomelos |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112568050A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 莆田市农业科学研究所 | Management method for reducing fruit cracking rate of WEIWEISHANG pomelos |
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