CN106577127A - Method for controlling fruit cracking of pomelo through sequential management - Google Patents
Method for controlling fruit cracking of pomelo through sequential management Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577127A CN106577127A CN201611151949.7A CN201611151949A CN106577127A CN 106577127 A CN106577127 A CN 106577127A CN 201611151949 A CN201611151949 A CN 201611151949A CN 106577127 A CN106577127 A CN 106577127A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling fruit cracking of pomelo through sequential management. According to the invention, nutrient elements and pesticides are timely applied according to physiological cycle and pest occurrence characteristics of the pomelo in a year, so fruit cracking and pest occurrence of the pomelo are reduced, wherein the physiological cycle of the pomelo in a year successively comprises a spring shoot period, a flowering period, a physiological fruit drop period, a young fruit period, a fruit harvest period and a postharvest reconditioning period. The method comprises the following steps: S1, before the spring shoot period, i.e., during the postharvest reconditioning period, applying a base fertilizer and trace elements; S2, during the spring shoot period, diluting the fertilizer with water by 600 to 800 times, carrying out foliage spraying for 3 to 6 times; and S3, diluting the fertilizer by 800 to 1000 times, and spraying 100 to 200 kg per mu of the diluted fertilizer onto the root part of a fruit tree during the spring shoot period. The method provided by the invention can efficiently prevent and control biting pests from occurrence in a pomelo orchard, controls the fruit cracking rate of the pomelo to be 5% or less at the same time, has the advantages of simplicity, practicability, significant pest-control and cracking-control effects, etc., and is applicable to popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Citrus technical field of cultivation, more particularly to a kind of timing management control pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method.
Background technology
Shaddock is Rutaceae citrus plant, and pomelo shaddock is the famous fruit of shaddock class.The pomelo shaddock of China, shatian pomelo, Pingshan shaddock
It is referred to as the big name shaddock of Century Square with Siam shaddock of Thailand.Pomelo's shaddock fruit quality is excellent, smell fragrant, meat tenderness juice alcohol, sweet acid are suitable
Spend, lack seed, pleasant to the palate, unique flavor without seed.Pomelo shaddock is widely popularized cultivation by the whole nation, at present only Guizhou Province Cengong County Si Zhou
Pomelo shaddock has planted 5.4 ten thousand mu, bears fruit 2.8 ten thousand mu, and pomelo's shaddock industry becomes local common people and shakes off poverty and sets out on the road to prosperity major industry.Text
Denier shaddock is that a kind of dehiscent fruit occurs very serious shaddock veriety.Pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit belongs to physiological dehiscent fruit, dehiscent fruit generally with seeds,
Strain, fruit shape, mineral element level, cultivation step, environmental factor are closely related with climatic factor.The dehiscent fruit of pomelo shaddock has implosion
2 kinds of modes are split outward, and most frequent and most serious occur with implosion.Implosion occurs at the top of shaddock fruit：Expand inside fruit, in fruit
Post crack acutely increases, and causes crack to ftracture to the outside of fruit from inside fruit, and breach is finally formed at the top of fruit.At the beginning of implosion
Phase, it can be seen that increase extends to the outside of fruit from inside fruit in crack, is formed compared with macroscopic-void in fruit center pillar, cavity gradually to
Fruit top extends, and the breach for causing fruit top implosion occurs, and sometimes up to more than 20cm, breach can further prolong breach at carpopodium
Stretch.Split outward：The cuticula of the main exodermis that shaddock fruit occurs, gradually there is oil vacuole layer, the parenchyma cell layer of Jing exocuticles outside to inside,
It is serious outer to split up to pulp to middle fruit layer and interior fruit layer.
It is different in pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit occurrence degree of China's different regions cultivation.The pomelo shaddock of Fujian Changtai County cultivation, it is flat
Circle fruit shape dehiscent fruit is 20-45%, and the Cracking fruit of pyriform is 8%；Fujian Xianyou County " Duweiwendan pomelo [Citrus grandis
（L.） Osbeck.cv.Duweiwendan] ", general Cracking fruit reaches 70% in 30-40%, when serious.Sichuan Province south
Throughout the year Cracking fruit is 30% or so to pomelo's shaddock strain " southern crisp and fragrant sweet shaddock " of county's cultivation, and especially severe time Cracking fruit is up to
70%.The think of state pomelo shaddock of Guizhou Province Cengong County cultivation within the border is investigated according to us, usual time Cracking fruit is in 16.4-40%.
2015, in Guizhou Province Cengong County Zhu Xi townshiies nanmu Ao Yijiayou gardens, investigation was arrived for we, and Cracking fruit reaches 53.76%.Due to text
After denier shaddock cracking, resistance to storage and resistant transport ability weaken significantly, the serious loss commodity value of shaddock fruit, many pomelo shaddocks plantations
The shaddock at family can sell 2.5-3.5 units/jin originally, because selling 0.5 yuan/jin, serious blow locality pomelo's shaddock Planting household after dehiscent fruit
Enthusiasm.
Pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit is a kind of physiological dehiscent fruit, and immediate cause is that pericarp and pulp growth are inconsistent, pulp growth speed
Degree is more than pericarp growth speed.For the prevention and control thinking that dehiscent fruit occurs mainly has：Rationally Root-stock selection, pollinizers select collocation and
Science water and fertilizer management etc..Rational Root-stock selection, can largely control the generation of Citrus dehiscent fruit, it was reported that：It is with brocade orange
When scion is connected on red tangerine stock, Cracking fruit is 8.27%, and it is 15.3% to be connected on Cracking fruit on Fructus Aurantii stock, and dehiscent fruit occurs unexpectedly
So differ nearly 1 times.And for example Zhejiang Yuhuan pomelo shaddock is scion, and the local acid shaddock of Fructus Aurantii, Zhejiang Yuhuan and 3 kinds of anvils of beautiful orange are connected on respectively
On wood, Cracking fruit is respectively 70.6%, 29.3% and 5.5%；We investigate the think of state pomelo's shaddock scion of Guizhou Province Cengong County and are connected on
Fructus Aurantii, sweet shaddock（Or shatian pomelo）On Guizhou Cengong acid 3 kinds of stocks of shaddock, Cracking fruit is respectively 40%, 20% and 10%.
The selection and collocation of pollinizers, is mainly acted on by cross-pollination, promotes pomelo's shaddock fruit newel, seed normal development,
Pericarp and fruit lobe synchronous growth, pre- anti-fruit-cracking occurs.It is reported that：Li Yong Guanxi small streams honey shaddock pollen is pollinated to Duweiwendan pomelo, can be shown
Writing reduces the generation of pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit；Zhejiang Yuhuan can also be significantly reduced to Zhejiang Yuhuan pomelo shaddock pollination with allotetraploid pollen
Pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit occurs.The water and fertilizer management of science, is regulation and control pomelo's shaddock fruit growth speed on nutrient and trophic level, is kept
Pericarp and pulp growth uniformity, and reduce dehiscent fruit and occur.It is reported that：Apply become thoroughly decomposed livestock and poultry muck 25kg, grass Duweiwendan pomelo year
Wood ash 7kg, urea 1kg, calcium nitrate 0.75kg, magnesium sulfate 0.1kg, zinc sulfate 0.1kg, in fruit growth period, soil water retention
Amount can make Duweiwendan pomelo Cracking fruit decrease by 42.5-52.2% in 65-75%.
Pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit is that pomelo shaddock breediness and fruit growth are determined.Endogenous hormones of fruit in fruit growth,
Inclusion, mineral element etc. are unbalance, are all the internal causes for causing pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit to occur；Meteorological condition, edaphic condition and cultivation
Training management level can also directly result in dehiscent fruit to be occurred and increases.Adjusted by reasonable Root-stock selection, cracking resistance breed breeding, plant growth
The section measure such as agent application and the reinforcing of cultivation management technology, can prevent and reduce the generation of pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit.Water management, fertilizer are adjusted
The technologies such as control, tree vigo(u)r management, Orchard mulch, fruit bagging and girdling acupuncture are Citrus that is studied at present and reporting more
The technology of cracking of fruit prevention and control.But a kind of specific, common orchard worker is easily mastered, easily operation, clear and easy to understand technology
Report is had no at present.
The content of the invention
Based on the technical problem that background technology is present, the present invention proposes a kind of timing management control pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit side
Method.
A kind of timing management proposed by the present invention controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, according to the pomelo shaddock physiological period of a year and
Insect pest occurrence characteristic, applies nutrient and medicine in good time, reduces pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit and insect pest occurs, physiology in pomelo shaddock 1 year
Cycle specifically includes successively that tip phase in spring, florescence, physiological fruit drop phase, young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe colour-change period, fruit are adopted
The receipts phase, adopt after repair the phase；The method comprising the steps of：
S1, before the tip phase in spring, that is, the phase of repairing after adopting applies base manure and trace element；
S2, in the tip phase in spring, 600-800 times is diluted with water by fertilizer, is sprayed on blade face, sprays number of times for 3-6 time；
S3, by fertilizer 800-1000 times is diluted, and in the tip phase in spring fruit tree root, every mu of 100-200kg are poured into；
S4, at the florescence to fruit expanding period, will topdress and is imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine.
Preferably, in the S1, base manure includes：Adult pomelo shaddock plant often produces 100 jin of fruits, it is desirable to have machine fertilizer 5-
10kg、N 0.9-1.1kg、P 0.5-0.7kg、K 0.7-0.8kg、Ca(NO3)2 0.7-0.8kg、MgSO40.5-0.6kg；It is micro-
Secondary element includes B 0.15kg, Mn 0.01kg, Zn 0.01kg.
Preferably, the fertilizer is dry cow dung, and dose is 7.5-10kg.
Preferably, in the S4, will topdress and imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, specifically include：
A, then April -25 days on the 15th, for the first time fertilising, dispenser；
B, second fertilising, dispenser of day in May 15-25；
C, the third time fertilising of day in June 15-25, dispenser；
D, the 4th fertilising, dispenser of day in July 15-25；
E, the 5th fertilising, dispenser of August 15-25 day.
Preferably, will topdress and imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, the insect pest preventing and controlling medicine is shell
Worm, moth worm, the preventive medicine of acarid.
Preferably, fertilization mode is foliage-spray, and for the first time the fertilizer of fertilising and second fertilising is boron fertilizer, and the 3rd
Secondary fertilising and the 4th fertilising are potash fertilizer, and the 5th fertilising is calcareous fertilisers.
The present invention emphasizes timing, after base manure is applied, in strict accordance with timing, starts every 1 month from mid or late April
Medicine and fertilizer are imposed to mid or late August, is imposed altogether 5 times, precisely imposed in good time according to pomelo shaddock plant strain growth and fruit growth
Suitable medicine and fertilizer are extremely important, the invention provides a kind of clear and easy to understand, strong operability, specific, concrete, timing are straight
Sight, the fertilizer of prevention and control pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit of prevention and control efficiency high and drug administration process, efficiently can bite class insect pest in prevention and control shaddock garden
It is raw, while controlling pomelo's shaddock Cracking fruit within 5%, have the advantages that method is simple, control worm control and split effect is significant, commonly
Orchard worker is very easy to grasp, and is adapted to promote.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is made with reference to specific embodiment further explain.
Embodiment one
A kind of timing management proposed by the present invention controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, according to the pomelo shaddock physiological period of a year and insect pest
Occurrence characteristic, applies nutrient and medicine in good time, reduces pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit and insect pest occurs, physiological period in pomelo shaddock 1 year
It is concrete include successively the tip phase in spring, the florescence, the physiological fruit drop phase, young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe colour-change period, the fruit harvesting phase,
Repair the phase after adopting；The method comprising the steps of：
S1, before the tip phase in spring, that is, the phase of repairing after adopting applies base manure and trace element, and base manure includes：Adult pomelo shaddock plant is every
Produce 100 jin of fruits, it is desirable to have machine fertilizer 5kg, N 0.9kg, P 0.5kg, K 0.7kg, Ca (NO3)2 0.7kg、MgSO4
0.5kg；Trace element includes B 0.15kg, Mn 0.01kg, Zn 0.01kg；
S2, in the tip phase in spring, 600 times is diluted with water by fertilizer, is sprayed on blade face, sprays number of times for 3 times；
S3, by fertilizer 800 times are diluted, and in the tip phase in spring fruit tree root, every mu of 100kg are poured into；
S4, at the florescence to fruit expanding period, will topdress and is imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, specifically include：
A, then April -25 days on the 15th, for the first time fertilising, dispenser；
B, second fertilising, dispenser of day in May 15-25；
C, the third time fertilising of day in June 15-25, dispenser；
D, the 4th fertilising, dispenser of day in July 15-25；
E, the 5th fertilising, dispenser of August 15-25 day.
Fertilization mode is foliage-spray, and for the first time the fertilizer of fertilising and second fertilising is boron fertilizer, and third time is applied fertilizer
Potash fertilizer is with the 4th fertilising, the 5th fertilising is calcareous fertilisers.
Harvesting shaddock fruit investigation finds that Cracking fruit is 4.99%.
Embodiment two
A kind of timing management proposed by the present invention controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, according to the pomelo shaddock physiological period of a year and insect pest
Occurrence characteristic, applies nutrient and medicine in good time, reduces pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit and insect pest occurs, physiological period in pomelo shaddock 1 year
It is concrete include successively the tip phase in spring, the florescence, the physiological fruit drop phase, young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe colour-change period, the fruit harvesting phase,
Repair the phase after adopting；The method comprising the steps of：
S1, before the tip phase in spring, that is, the phase of repairing after adopting applies base manure and trace element, and base manure includes：Adult pomelo shaddock plant is every
Produce 100 jin of fruits, it is desirable to have machine fertilizer 6kg, N 0.95kg, P 0.55kg, K 0.72kg, Ca (NO3)2 0.72kg、MgSO4
0.52kg；Trace element includes B 0.15kg, Mn 0.01kg, Zn 0.01kg；
S2, in the tip phase in spring, 650 times is diluted with water by fertilizer, is sprayed on blade face, sprays number of times for 4 times；
S3, by fertilizer 850 times are diluted, and in the tip phase in spring fruit tree root, every mu of 125kg are poured into；
S4, at the florescence to fruit expanding period, will topdress and is imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, specifically include：
A, then April -25 days on the 15th, for the first time fertilising, dispenser；
B, second fertilising, dispenser of day in May 15-25；
C, the third time fertilising of day in June 15-25, dispenser；
D, the 4th fertilising, dispenser of day in July 15-25；
E, the 5th fertilising, dispenser of August 15-25 day.
Fertilization mode is foliage-spray, and for the first time the fertilizer of fertilising and second fertilising is boron fertilizer, and third time is applied fertilizer
Potash fertilizer is with the 4th fertilising, the 5th fertilising is calcareous fertilisers.
Harvesting shaddock fruit investigation finds that Cracking fruit is 4.77%.
Embodiment three
A kind of timing management proposed by the present invention controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, according to the pomelo shaddock physiological period of a year and insect pest
Occurrence characteristic, applies nutrient and medicine in good time, reduces pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit and insect pest occurs, physiological period in pomelo shaddock 1 year
It is concrete include successively the tip phase in spring, the florescence, the physiological fruit drop phase, young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe colour-change period, the fruit harvesting phase,
Repair the phase after adopting；The method comprising the steps of：
S1, before the tip phase in spring, that is, the phase of repairing after adopting applies base manure and trace element, and base manure includes：Adult pomelo shaddock plant is every
Produce 100 jin of fruits, it is desirable to have machine fertilizer 7kg, N 1kg, P 0.6kg, K 0.75kg, Ca (NO3)2 0.75kg、MgSO4
0.55kg；Trace element includes B 0.15kg, Mn 0.01kg, Zn 0.01kg；
S2, in the tip phase in spring, 700 times is diluted with water by fertilizer, is sprayed on blade face, sprays number of times for 5 times；
S3, by fertilizer 900 times are diluted, and in the tip phase in spring fruit tree root, every mu of 150kg are poured into；
S4, at the florescence to fruit expanding period, will topdress and is imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, specifically include：
A, then April -25 days on the 15th, for the first time fertilising, dispenser；
B, second fertilising, dispenser of day in May 15-25；
C, the third time fertilising of day in June 15-25, dispenser；
D, the 4th fertilising, dispenser of day in July 15-25；
E, the 5th fertilising, dispenser of August 15-25 day.
Fertilization mode is foliage-spray, and for the first time the fertilizer of fertilising and second fertilising is boron fertilizer, and third time is applied fertilizer
Potash fertilizer is with the 4th fertilising, the 5th fertilising is calcareous fertilisers.
Harvesting shaddock fruit investigation finds that Cracking fruit is 4.47%.
Example IV
A kind of timing management proposed by the present invention controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, according to the pomelo shaddock physiological period of a year and insect pest
Occurrence characteristic, applies nutrient and medicine in good time, reduces pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit and insect pest occurs, physiological period in pomelo shaddock 1 year
It is concrete include successively the tip phase in spring, the florescence, the physiological fruit drop phase, young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe colour-change period, the fruit harvesting phase,
Repair the phase after adopting；The method comprising the steps of：
S1, before the tip phase in spring, that is, the phase of repairing after adopting applies base manure and trace element, and base manure includes：Adult pomelo shaddock plant is every
Produce 100 jin of fruits, it is desirable to have machine fertilizer 9kg, N 1.1kg, P 0.65kg, K 0.78kg, Ca (NO3)2 0.78kg、MgSO4
0.58kg；Trace element includes B 0.15kg, Mn 0.01kg, Zn 0.01kg；
S2, in the tip phase in spring, 750 times is diluted with water by fertilizer, is sprayed on blade face, sprays number of times for 5 times；
S3, by fertilizer 950 times are diluted, and in the tip phase in spring fruit tree root, every mu of 180kg are poured into；
S4, at the florescence to fruit expanding period, will topdress and is imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, specifically include：
A, then April -25 days on the 15th, for the first time fertilising, dispenser；
B, second fertilising, dispenser of day in May 15-25；
C, the third time fertilising of day in June 15-25, dispenser；
D, the 4th fertilising, dispenser of day in July 15-25；
E, the 5th fertilising, dispenser of August 15-25 day.
Fertilization mode is foliage-spray, and for the first time the fertilizer of fertilising and second fertilising is boron fertilizer, and third time is applied fertilizer
Potash fertilizer is with the 4th fertilising, the 5th fertilising is calcareous fertilisers.
Harvesting shaddock fruit investigation finds that Cracking fruit is 4.87%.
Embodiment five
A kind of timing management proposed by the present invention controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, according to the pomelo shaddock physiological period of a year and insect pest
Occurrence characteristic, applies nutrient and medicine in good time, reduces pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit and insect pest occurs, physiological period in pomelo shaddock 1 year
It is concrete include successively the tip phase in spring, the florescence, the physiological fruit drop phase, young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe colour-change period, the fruit harvesting phase,
Repair the phase after adopting；The method comprising the steps of：
S1, before the tip phase in spring, that is, the phase of repairing after adopting applies base manure and trace element, and base manure includes：Adult pomelo shaddock plant is every
Produce 100 jin of fruits, it is desirable to have machine fertilizer 10kg, N 1.1kg, P 0.7kg, K 0.8kg, Ca (NO3)2 0.8kg、MgSO4
0.6kg；Trace element includes B 0.15kg, Mn 0.01kg, Zn 0.01kg；
S2, in the tip phase in spring, 800 times is diluted with water by fertilizer, is sprayed on blade face, sprays number of times for 6 times；
S3, by fertilizer 1000 times are diluted, and in the tip phase in spring fruit tree root, every mu of 200kg are poured into；
S4, at the florescence to fruit expanding period, will topdress and is imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, specifically include：
A, then April -25 days on the 15th, for the first time fertilising, dispenser；
B, second fertilising, dispenser of day in May 15-25；
C, the third time fertilising of day in June 15-25, dispenser；
D, the 4th fertilising, dispenser of day in July 15-25；
E, the 5th fertilising, dispenser of August 15-25 day.
Fertilization mode is foliage-spray, and for the first time the fertilizer of fertilising and second fertilising is boron fertilizer, and third time is applied fertilizer
Potash fertilizer is with the 4th fertilising, the 5th fertilising is calcareous fertilisers.
Harvesting shaddock fruit investigation finds that Cracking fruit is 4.97%.
Properly impose nutrient and medicine time very big to making a difference for the insect pest of shaddock garden and dehiscent fruit.Inventor passes through
Carry out for a long time it is substantial amounts of impose fertilizer and medicine number of times sequential test：After applying the base manure of hundred jin of fruit amounts, in the 2-9 months then,
The preventive medicine such as boron, potassium, calcareous fertilisers and scale insect, moth and mite 8 times was imposed every 1 month according to sequential；In the 2-8 months then, according to
Sequential imposed the preventive medicine such as boron, potassium, calcareous fertilisers and scale insect, moth and mite 7 times every 1 month；In the 2-7 months then, according to sequential
The preventive medicine such as boron, potassium, calcareous fertilisers and scale insect, moth and mite 6 times was imposed every 1 month, by that analogy, in the 2-4 months then, according to
Sequential imposed the preventive medicine such as boron, potassium, calcareous fertilisers and scale insect, moth and mite 3 times every 1 month；In the 2-3 months then, according to sequential
The preventive medicine such as boron, potassium, calcareous fertilisers and scale insect, moth and mite 2 times was imposed every 1 month；At then 2 months, boron, potassium, calcareous fertilisers are imposed
With the preventive medicine such as scale insect, moth and mite 1 time.
Test finds：The moon in ten days imposes the preventive medicines 5 such as boron, potassium, calcareous fertilisers and scale insect, moth and mite every January after in 4-8 parts
It is secondary with 2-9 months after impose the control worm control of the preventive medicine such as boron, potassium, calcareous fertilisers and scale insect, moth and mite 8 times ten days and split difference on effect
Not substantially, substantially in annual 4-8 months after impose fertilizer 5 times in ten days and medicine is attained by control well and splits and control substantially
The effect of worm.So, the present invention emphasizes timing, is after hundred jin of fruit amount base manure are applied, in strict accordance with timing, from 4 months
The last ten-days period start to be imposed every 1 month medicine and fertilizer to mid or late August, and 5 times are imposed altogether.
Suitable medicine is precisely imposed according to pomelo shaddock plant strain growth and fruit growth in good time and fertilizer is extremely important.Pressing
Apply after base manure according to hundred jin of fruit amounts, it is prevention and control scale insect, moth and mite medicine to apply medicine for 5 times according to sequential, and mainly prevention is situated between
Shell worm, moth and mite bite to pomelo shaddock blade and fruit.Scale insect, moth and mite all can be sent out throughout the year the harm of pomelo shaddock
It is raw, especially with the beginning of 4-8 months Chun Moqiu as very, so imposing medicine for 5 times is all shell worm, moth and mite preventive medicine.The present invention applies medicine
Thing is all shell worm, moth and mite preventive medicine, and disease medicine is not added, and is primarily due to current many and bears fruit shaddock garden, worm
Evil is the main most widespread harm of shaddock fruit, while being also the basis that many diseases occur, if insect pest is controlled, is not stung
Bite mouth, and disease infection occurs just few.Day in April 15-25 and day in May 15-25 for the first time, apply fertilizer second, be with
Boron fertilizer, this period pomelo shaddock leaf growth is vigorous, and enough boron fertilizers can accelerate pomelo's teak body free amino acid to form complexing
Thing, promotes sugar to operate in plant body, it is ensured that the sufficient amount of blade boron element, and blade abundance boron element has very well to dehiscent fruit
Inhibitory action.In day in June 15-25 and day in July 15-25 third time, the 4th administration fertilizer, it is with potash fertilizer, this period
It it is critical period that fruit tree individuality is grown up for shaddock fruiting period to fruit expanding period.Potassium element mainly has two aspects in fruit development
Affect：Before fruit development, mid-term, sufficient potassium element can promote the development growth of pericarp；In fruit development later stage, potassium element
Cross and at most promote pulp growth, reduce cytosol, run into rainwater and enrich, easily cause fruit to absorb water and dehiscent fruit.So this
It is bright before pomelo's shaddock fruit development, mid-term apply potash fertilizer.Expect to be calcareous fertilisers in the 5th fertilising of August 15-25 day, calcium constituent is dimension
Hold the important regulatory factor of eucaryotic cell structure and function, when calcium is combined with pectin, with pectin calcium form in the presence of, can make pomelo shaddock fruit
Skin-deep adjacent cell is completely embedded, the increase of space between cells toughness, and pericarp is not easy to crack.The present invention is selected in pomelo's shaddock fruit development
Middle and later periods, calcareous fertilisers are imposed during Fruit.
In order to check the management effect of the present invention, the present invention to arrange experimental group and control group, experimental group adopts embodiment three
Method, arrange six control groups, control 1 adopt existing normal management method, control 2 for control 1 on the basis of increase April
The prophylactic agent of first time on the -25th on the 15th with topdress, control 3 for control 2 on the basis of increase by second preventive medicine of -25 days Mays 15 day
With topdress, control 4-25 days on the 15th June preventive medicine and is topdressed to increase on the basis of control 3, and control 5 on the basis of control 4 to increase by 7
Month -25 days on the 15th preventive medicines with topdress, control 6 is deducted to increase -25 days on the 15th preventive medicines of August on the basis of control 5 and topdressing
The enforcement of base manure, respectively at October 20 Cracking fruit, continuous statistics 3 years, statistics such as following table were determined：
| Embodiment | Control 1 | Control 2 | Control 3 | Control 4 | Control 5 | Control 6 | |
| First Year | 4.56 | 51.42 | 40.06 | 37.83 | 26.78 | 8.47 | 7.83 |
| Second Year | 4.47 | 36.84 | 38.52 | 35.88 | 30.45 | 6.57 | 11.26 |
| 3rd year | 4.25 | 42.25 | 42.36 | 35.72 | 25.67 | 6.36 | 8.84 |
As seen from the above table, the present invention can effectively reduce pomelo's Fruit Cracking rate.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technology according to the present invention scheme and its
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of timing management controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, it is characterised in that according to the pomelo shaddock physiological period of a year and worm
Evil occurrence characteristic, applies nutrient and medicine in good time, reduces pomelo shaddock dehiscent fruit and insect pest occurs, physiology week in pomelo shaddock 1 year
Phase specifically includes successively tip phase in spring, florescence, physiological fruit drop phase, young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe colour-change period, fruit harvesting
Phase, adopt after repair the phase；The method comprising the steps of：
S1, before the tip phase in spring, that is, the phase of repairing after adopting applies base manure and trace element；
S2, in the tip phase in spring, 600-800 times is diluted with water by fertilizer, is sprayed on blade face, sprays number of times for 3-6 time；
S3, by fertilizer 800-1000 times is diluted, and in the tip phase in spring fruit tree root, every mu of 100-200kg are poured into；
S4, at the florescence to fruit expanding period, will topdress and is imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine.
2. a kind of timing management according to claim 1 controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, it is characterised in that in the S1,
Base manure includes：Adult pomelo shaddock plant often produces 100 jin of fruits, it is desirable to have machine fertilizer 5-10kg, N 0.9-1.1kg, P 0.5-
0.7kg、K 0.7-0.8kg、Ca(NO3)2 0.7-0.8kg、MgSO40.5-0.6kg；Trace element includes B 0.15kg, Mn
0.01kg、Zn 0.01kg。
3. a kind of timing management according to claim 1 and 2 controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, it is characterised in that described to have
Machine fertilizer is dry cow dung, and dose is 7.5-10kg.
4. a kind of timing management according to claim 1 controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, it is characterised in that in the S4,
To topdress and be imposed for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, specifically include：
A, then April -25 days on the 15th, for the first time fertilising, dispenser；
B, second fertilising, dispenser of day in May 15-25；
C, the third time fertilising of day in June 15-25, dispenser；
D, the 4th fertilising, dispenser of day in July 15-25；
E, the 5th fertilising, dispenser of August 15-25 day.
5. a kind of timing management according to claim 1 or 4 controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, it is characterised in that will topdress
Impose for 5 times according to sequential point with insect pest preventing and controlling medicine, the insect pest preventing and controlling medicine is scale insect, moth worm, the preventive medicine of acarid.
6. a kind of timing management according to claim 1 or 4 controls pomelo's shaddock dehiscent fruit method, it is characterised in that fertilising side
Formula is foliage-spray, and for the first time the fertilizer of fertilising and second fertilising is boron fertilizer, and third time fertilising and the 4th fertilising are equal
For potash fertilizer, the 5th fertilising is calcareous fertilisers.
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