CN110731427A

CN110731427A - fishing gonadal development promoting additive and its prepn and application

Info

Publication number: CN110731427A
Application number: CN201910965008.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方星星; 刘秀红; 汤亮
Original assignee: Nanjing Agricultural University
Current assignee: Nanjing Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-10-11
Filing date: 2019-10-11
Publication date: 2020-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-11
Also published as: CN110731427B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, propagation physiological regulation and control and disease prevention and control, and discloses fishing gonad development promoting additives which are prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 10-20 parts of motherwort, 8-15 parts of epimedium, 5-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3-6 parts of wolfberry fruits, 8-15 parts of angelica sinensis, 8-15 parts of safflower and 20-30 parts of a carrier.

Description

fishing gonadal development promoting additive and its prepn and application

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, reproduction physiological regulation and control and disease prevention and control, relates to fishing gonad development promoting additives, a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to Chinese herbal medicine feed additives for promoting gonad development of aquatic animals, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The artificial breeding of aquatic animal seedlings by using intensive facilities is an important guarantee for the health development of the aquaculture industry and is an effective means for preserving certain precious aquatic organism resources. The application of scientific method to strengthen the cultivation of parents and promote the full maturation of gonads and natural spawning is an economic and effective way to obtain high-quality fertilized eggs and aquatic offspring seeds. At present, the commonly used aquatic animal gonad development promoter is a chemical synthesis medicine such as hormone, the chemical synthesis medicine has higher potency, can effectively promote the maturation and the reproduction of animals, but can reduce the quality of germplasm and pollute the environment after long-term use.

Freshwater lobsters, namely academia clarkii, also called crayfish, healthy foods with high protein and low fat, rich nutrition, delicious meat flavor, unique flavor and medicinal and health-care functions, have the characteristics of fast growth, adaptation to water areas and the like, are important economic lobsters in middle and downstream areas of the Yangtze river, report issued by American group assessment data research institute shows that the market scale of the crayfish in China reaches thousands of yuan, the average consumption of 84 yuan per capita is realized, the supply market is continuously expanded, the number of merchants in the second quarter of the year is increased by 33% in 2016, under the trend of consumption upgrade, fair-price catering is gradually changed to quality catering, high-quality lobsters are favored by consumers in the international development report of the Chinese lobster industry in 2018, the Chinese lobster industry starts from initial fishing and catering, the Chinese crayfish catching industry starts from the initial economic industry and catering technology, healthy breeding, health breeding, export, intensive processing, logistics, and economic breeding of the economic lobsters, also from the economic industry in the festival, namely the annual lobster industry, the annual lobster breeding technology, the overall production value of the annual lobster breeding technology is calculated by 18, the annual production technology, the annual production of the annual lobster breeding technology, the annual breeding technology of the annual breeding is completely increased by 2685 in the annual breeding technology, the annual breeding technology of the annual breeding of the international production, the international production of the.

The round-mouth copper fishes are specially important economic fishes at the upper reaches of the Yangtze river, and the round-mouth copper fishes account for the first in the upstream fisheries before the sixty-seventy years of the 20 th century, but the recent survey results show that the round-mouth copper fishes at the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze river are heavily over-developed, the phenomena of miniaturization and low aging of the fisheries are serious, and the resources show an obvious decline trend.

At present, no additive for promoting gonad development of procambarus clarkia and round-mouth copper fishes exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to prepare a gonadotropic development additive by utilizing Chinese herbal medicines, add the additive into feed, feed parents of aquatic animals, strengthen the parent cultivation, promote the full development of the gonads of the aquatic animals, improve the fertility, the egg laying amount and the fertilization rate of the parents and obtain high-quality fertilized eggs and aquatic offspring seeds; the additive for promoting gonadal development can also improve the nonspecific immunity function of animals and promote the growth of the animals.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

A fish additive for promoting gonadal development is prepared from motherwort (10-20 wt. portions), epimedium (8-15), astragalus root (5-10), wolfberry fruit (3-6), Chinese angelica root (8-15), safflower (8-15) and carrier (20-30).

Preferably, the additive for gonadal development for fishing is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of motherwort, 10 parts of epimedium, 8 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of wolfberry fruit, 12 parts of angelica, 13 parts of safflower and 28 parts of carrier.

The carrier is formed by mixing kinds or a plurality of kinds of bran, rice bran or zeolite powder.

Another aims at providing a preparation method of the additive for promoting gonadal development in fishing, which comprises the steps of weighing motherwort herb, epimedium herb, astragalus root, medlar, angelica, safflower and a carrier, respectively drying and cutting the raw materials, fully mixing the raw materials after micro-grinding, and screening the mixture by a 300-mesh screen to obtain the additive for promoting gonadal development in fishing.

Preferably, motherwort, epimedium herb, astragalus, medlar, angelica, safflower and carrier are respectively dried until the water content is below 15 percent.

Motherwort: motherwort mainly contains alkaloid, flavonoid, agaricus bisporus, fatty acid volatile oil and other compounds, wherein the flavonoid active substance has the double regulation function of estrogen, can promote the growth of animals and influence the secretion and metabolism of sex hormone, and the substance can be combined with estradiol receptors such as hypothalamus, pituitary and the like to different degrees and influence the sexual axis of the neuroendocrine system of the animals, so that the compound has obvious influence on the secretion of the sex hormone of the animals and the gonadal development.

Epimedium, a perennial herb of berberidaceae, also known as epimedium, which is originally recorded in Shennong's herbal Jing, has pungent, sweet and warm nature, has the effects of tonifying kidney yang, strengthening bones and muscles and dispelling wind-damp, is commonly used for kidney yang deficiency, is a common yang-supporting medicine in traditional Chinese medicines, Icariin (ICA) is which is a main effective component of epimedium, has sex hormone-like activity, can effectively improve the content of animal serum sex hormone, and has strong reproductive promotion effect.

Astragalus root: the astragalus contains various effective components such as astragalus polysaccharide, flavonoid compounds, saponin, amino acid and trace elements thereof, and has the pharmacological effects of regulating immunity, reducing blood sugar, resisting virus, tumor, aging, radiation, stress, oxidation and the like; the flavonoids also have estrogenic activity, act on hypothalamus and pituitary, regulate gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, and can be directly combined with pituitary gonadal steroid hormone receptors to influence the gene expression or synthesis of the pituitary GnRH receptors. Thereby regulating FSH and LH secretion and the ratio of FSH and LH secretion, and affecting the whole reproductive function.

The medlar is rich in medlar polysaccharide, can enhance the nonspecific immunity function of aquatic animals and improve the disease resistance of the aquatic animals, besides the medlar also contains various substances for tonifying liver and kidney, nourishing yin and enriching blood, such as betaine, thiamine, jamesonide and the like, and has the advantages of attracting food, improving production performance, reducing feed coefficient, improving the quality of the aquatic animals and the like, the medlar polysaccharide and carotene contained in the medlar are strong antioxidants, and the synergistic effect of trace element selenium and vitamins contained in the medlar is added, so that the antioxidant capacity of the aquatic animals is enhanced.

The angelica is perennial herbaceous plants belonging to angelica of Umbelliferae, namely Qin angelica, Yunyu, west angelica and Min angelica, and the Chinese veterinarian lists the angelica as the first blood-supplementing agent.

Safflower: the main chemical components of Carthami flos of Compositae include flavonoids, steroids, phenolic acids, diols, lignans, chalcones, alkynes, volatile oil, etc. Has effects in lowering blood pressure, dilating blood vessel, improving blood supply of organs, relieving inflammation, resisting oxidation, and relieving fatigue. The active ingredients of the compound also have estrogen-like effect and can promote the development of female sexual organs.

The additive for promoting gonadal development for fishing of the invention follows the compatibility principle of monarch, minister, assistant and guide, motherwort and epimedium contain active ingredients with sex hormone-like activity or can effectively regulate sex hormone secretion activity, have strong promotion effect on animal gonadal development, and have leading effect in the additive for promoting gonadal development, and are monarch drugs, astragalus and angelica have -determined gonadal development regulation effect, and also have strong immunity promotion function, can strengthen the effect of monarch drugs and promote the immunity of animals, and are ministerial drugs, and safflower and medlar are respectively used as adjuvant drugs and conductant drugs, mainly play the auxiliary roles of improving oxidation resistance, promoting blood circulation and the like, and ensure the efficacy of the additive.

In the research and development process, the inventor designs a plurality of Chinese herbal medicine compositions, including dogwood, glossy privet fruit, prepared rehmannia root, medlar, actinolite, eucommia bark, liquorice, astragalus root, dried orange peel, rhubarb, common andrographis herb, safflower, the Chinese herbal medicine compositions used in the invention and the like. The results show that the tangerine peel, the rhubarb, the medlar and the safflower only have stronger promotion effect on the nonspecific immunity and the antioxidant capacity of animals; the actinolite, the eucommia bark, the liquorice and the astragalus have obvious influence on the growth and the development and the substance metabolism of animals, and have no obvious effect on the promotion of the gonadal development; although dogwood, glossy privet fruit, prepared rehmannia root and barbary wolfberry fruit have promotion effects on animal gonad development and non-specific immunity, the effect of the dogwood, glossy privet fruit, prepared rehmannia root and barbary wolfberry fruit is obviously different from that of the fish gonad development promoting additive.

The additive for promoting gonadal development for fishing provided by the invention can be added into feed, so that parent cultivation can be strengthened, gonadal full development of aquatic animals can be promoted, fertility, egg laying amount and fertilization rate of the parent can be obviously improved, high-quality fertilized eggs and aquatic offspring seeds can be obtained, and the additive for promoting gonadal development for fishing is of great significance for healthy development of related aquatic breeding industries and resource protection of rare aquatic animals, can also be used for improving non-specific immunity of animals and promoting animal growth, therefore, another aims are to provide application of the additive for promoting gonadal development of aquatic animal (fish and shrimp) parents and/or improving non-specific immunity in feed preparation.

The aquatic animals are fish and crustacean, preferably Procambarus clarkii and Pandalus rotundus.

The addition amount of the gonadotropic development additive in the feed is 1-3% w/w, namely 10-30g of the gonadotropic development additive is added in each 1kg of the feed.

The feed comprises but is not limited to the following raw materials: fish meal, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, wheat middling, corn flour, monocalcium phosphate, bran, yeast powder, vitamin premix, starch and/or ecdysone. The formulation can be adjusted by the skilled person depending on the aquatic animal.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention is prepared from Chinese herbal medicines with various biological activity functions into the additive for promoting gonadal development for fishing, most components have sex hormone-like activity, and the invention effectively promotes the level of hormone related to the development of neutral glands in serum (lymph) and promotes the development of gonads of animals by regulating and controlling the secretion of hormones in each link of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, and meanwhile, the invention also has the functions of resisting oxidation, promoting non-specific immunity and the like, is beneficial to the healthy reproduction of animals, and experiments prove that the additive has the functions of promoting the development of gonads and the non-specific immunity for fishes and crustaceans, and can be widely applied to the seed breeding of aquatic animals by .

The Chinese herbal medicine source used in the invention is , the acquisition is convenient, the processing technique is strong in operability, and the cost is moderate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph of the effect of a gonadotropin-developing additive on the gonad maturation factor of Procambrus clarkii.

FIG. 2 is a graph of the effect of a gonadotropin-developing additive on the superoxide dismutase activity of Procambrus clarkii.

FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of a gonadotropin-developing additive on lysozyme activity of Procambrus clarkii.

FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of a gonadotropic growth promoting additive on the gonadal maturation factor of a bulldog.

FIG. 5 is a graph of the effect of gonadotropin-developing additive on estradiol in Cultis rotundifolia fish.

Figure 6 is a graph of the testosterone effect of a gonadotropin-developing additive on round-mouth coppers.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is explained in step by the following examples.

Example 1

The gonadotropic gland development additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of motherwort, 10 parts of epimedium, 8 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of wolfberry fruit, 12 parts of angelica, 13 parts of safflower and 28 parts of carrier (zeolite powder is used as the carrier); weighing herba Leonuri, herba Epimedii, radix astragali, fructus Lycii, radix Angelicae sinensis, Carthami flos, and vehicle; drying the raw materials respectively until the water content is below 15%, chopping, finely crushing, fully mixing, and sieving with a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the product.

The feed formula comprises: 20 percent of fish meal, 10 percent of rapeseed meal, 15 percent of soybean meal, 10 percent of cottonseed meal, 25 percent of wheat middling, 10 percent of corn meal, 1.8 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 3.2 percent of bran, 2 percent of yeast powder, 1.3 percent of multivitamin premix (Liyang Bingchang feed science and technology Limited, product approval No.: Su-feed prepro (2016)208458), 0.1 percent of ecdysone and 1.6 percent of starch.

To verify the effectiveness of the additive for gonadotropic development, the present case was carried out.

Test subjects: procambarus clarkia. Outdoor cultivation, cultivation places: national animal science type experiment teaching base of Nanjing agriculture university. The cultivation specification of the barrel-shaped test water tank is as follows: 1.0 meter deep and 1.2 meters in diameter.

The experiments were divided into 2 groups: control and test groups. The control group is fed with normal feed (no gonadotropic development additive is added), and the test group is fed with feed added with the gonadotropic development additive (the addition amount of the gonadotropic development additive is 20g/kg feed, and the gonadotropic development additive and the feed are fully mixed). Each group is 5 times of repetition, 20 female procambarus clarkii are placed in the barrel-shaped test water tank culture for each repetition, the average weight of the individuals is about 30g at the beginning of the experiment, and the culture period is 30 days. Collecting hemolymph and ovary of Procambrus clarkii after the culture is finished, and comparing gonadal development index, antioxidant index and nonspecific immunity index of the control group and the test group.

The test results are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. As can be seen from figure 1, the gonad maturation coefficient of the test group is higher than that of the control group, statistical analysis is carried out by a sps software, the difference between the control group and the test group is obvious (p is less than 0.05), and the gonadotropic growth additive has an obvious effect of promoting the development of the ovary of the procambarus clarkii. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the activity of the blood lymph superoxide dismutase in the test group is significantly higher than that in the control group (p <0.05), and it can be seen that the gonadotropic development additive has a significant promotion effect on the oxidation resistance of the procambarus clarkia. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the hemolymph lysozyme activity of the test group is significantly higher than that of the control group (p <0.05), and it can be seen that the gonadotropic development additive has a significant promotion effect on the nonspecific immunity of procambarus clarkia.

Example 2

The feed formula comprises: 5 percent of fish meal, 10 percent of rapeseed meal, 30 percent of soybean meal, 10 percent of cottonseed meal, 25 percent of wheat middling, 10 percent of corn flour, 1.8 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 3.2 percent of bran, 2 percent of yeast powder, 1.7 percent of starch, 1.3 percent of multivitamin premix (each kilogram of premix contains minerals and vitamins: 2.0g of copper sulfate, 25g of ferrous sulfate, 22g of zinc sulfate, 7g of manganese sulfate, 0.04g of sodium selenite, 0.026g of potassium iodide, 0.1g of cobalt chloride, 900000IU of vitamin A, 200000IU of vitamin D, 4500mg of vitamin E, and K₃220mg of vitamin B₁320mg of vitamin B₂1090mg, vitamin B₅2000mg, vitamin B₆500mg, vitamin B₁₂1.6mg, vitamin C5000 mg, pantothenic acid 1000mg, folic acid 165mg, choline 60000 mg).

Test subjects: round mouth bonito fish. Outdoor cultivation, cultivation places: national animal science type experiment teaching base of Nanjing agriculture university. The cultivation specification of the barrel-shaped test water tank is as follows: 1.0 meter deep and 1.2 meters in diameter.

The experiments were divided into 2 groups: control and test groups. The control group is fed with normal feed (no gonadotropic development additive is added), and the test group is fed with feed added with the gonadotropic development additive (the addition amount of the gonadotropic development additive is 20g/kg feed, and the gonadotropic development additive and the feed are fully mixed). Each group is repeated for 3 times, 5 female round-mouth coppers are placed in each group, the average weight of an individual is about 500g at the beginning of an experiment, and the breeding period is 90 days. And collecting the plasma and the ovary of the cupfish with round mouth after the culture is finished, and comparing the gonad maturation coefficient, the estradiol and the testosterone of the control group and the test group.

The test results are shown in FIGS. 4-6. As can be seen from fig. 4, the gonad maturation coefficient of the test group is significantly higher than that of the control group (p <0.05), and it can be seen that the gonadotropic growth additive has a significant promoting effect on the development of the ovary of the round-mouth copper fish. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the plasma estradiol concentration of the test group is significantly higher than that of the control group (p <0.05), and it can be seen that the gonadotropic development additive has a significant promoting effect on the estradiol secretion of the Cuprilus maurioi Linnaeus. As can be seen from fig. 6, the plasma testosterone concentration of the test group is significantly higher than that of the control group (p <0.05), and it can be seen that the gonadotropic growth additive has a significant promoting effect on testosterone secretion of the cupfish.

Claims

1, kinds of additive for promoting gonadal development in fish, which is prepared with motherwort 10-20 weight portions, epimedium 8-15 weight portions, astragalus root 5-10 weight portions, wolfberry fruit 3-6 weight portions, angelica 8-15 weight portions, safflower 8-15 weight portions and carrier 20-30 weight portions.

2. The additive for promoting gonadal development in fishing according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of motherwort, 10 parts of epimedium, 8 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of wolfberry fruit, 12 parts of angelica, 13 parts of safflower and 28 parts of carrier.

3. The additive for promoting gonadal development in fishing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrier is kinds or mixture of several kinds selected from bran, rice bran or zeolite powder.

4. The method for preparing a additive for gonadal development in fishery according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: weighing herba Leonuri, herba Epimedii, radix astragali, fructus Lycii, radix Angelicae sinensis, Carthami flos, and vehicle; drying and cutting the raw materials respectively, fully mixing the raw materials after micro-grinding, and screening the mixture by a 300-mesh screen to obtain the additive for promoting gonad development of the fishing.

5. The method for preparing additive for promoting gonadal development in fishery according to claim 4, wherein herba Leonuri, herba Epimedii, radix astragali, fructus Lycii, radix Angelicae sinensis, Carthami flos, and vehicle are respectively oven dried to water content below 15%.

6. Use of a fish gonadotropin development additive according to claim 1 for the preparation of a feed for promoting gonadal development and/or enhancing non-specific immunity in aquatic animal parents.

7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the aquatic animal is fish or crustacean.

8. The use according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the aquatic animals are procambarus clarkia and cupfish.

9. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that the gonadotropin-developing additive is added to the feed in an amount of 1-3%.