CN107865268A - Feed addictive, preparation method and application for Tilapia mossambica - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of feed addictive for Tilapia mossambica, count in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw materials：10 20 parts of schizonepeta, 5 15 parts of radix bupleuri, 5 15 parts of turmeric, 10 30 parts of the bark of eucommia, 5 15 parts of reticulate millettia, 10 20 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 10 30 parts of purslane, 20 50 parts of Chinese yam, 5 10 parts of fennel, 10 20 parts of hawthorn, 5 10 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 5 10 parts of malt, 5 10 parts of pine needle；Its preparation method in turn includes the following steps：The first step weighs each component according to required weight；Second step crosses 60 100 mesh sieves after each component is crushed；Each component powder is mixed evenly 3rd step；The present invention tilapia feed additive, both significantly improved flesh of fish matter, make again fish weightening improve immunity, prepares easy to use, cost is relatively low, it is easy popularization, it is safe and non-toxic.

Description

Feed addictive, preparation method and application for Tilapia mossambica

Technical field

The present invention relates to cultivating tilapia field of fodder, and in particular to a kind of feed addictive for Tilapia mossambica.

Background technology

Tilapia mossambica, it is commonly called as：African crucian, non-crucian carp, Vietnam fish, Nan Yang crucian carp etc.；Original refers to using Mozambique as type locality Mouth incubates non-crucian carp category fish species：Now non-crucian carp category etc. is incubated for the non-crucian carp category of Family Cichlidae and mouth belong to being commonly called as jointly for several fish；In English It is referred to as Tilapia；It is the cultured freshwater fish of the emphasis scientific research culture of world's aquatic products industry now, and is described as following animal One of main source of property protein；Generally move in fresh water, can also move in the salt water of different salt contents, can also Survive in lake, river, in the shallow water in pond；It has very strong adaptability, can also be bred in the narrow and small waters of area, or even It can be grown in rice terrace, and the water less to dissolved oxygen has extremely strong adaptability；Most Tilapia mossambicas are omnivorousness, often drinking water Middle plant and mince.

Existing tilapia feed nutrition is not quite reasonable, and not only composition is single, can not provide Growth Op Tilapia institute The whole foster battalion's compositions needed, but also contain various hormones and additive, the nutrition regulation of Tilapia mossambica quality is one important And complicated research topic；It is many to weigh index and its factor of influence of fish body meat, how by nutrition regulation means, makes fish Body trophic component, structure of fish muscle structure and fish body meat flavor are improved and improved, and are that need to solve at present one asks Topic.

The content of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of feed addictive for being used to improve meat quality of java tilapia, this The tilapia feed additive of invention, had both improved the immunity of fish, increased its survival rate, significantly improves flesh of fish matter again, carries The high protein content of Tilapia mossambica, fish weightening is fast, the present invention prepares easy to use, cost is relatively low, easy popularization, safe nothing Poison.

A kind of feed addictive for Tilapia mossambica of the present invention, is counted, it is made up of following raw materials in parts by weight：Schizonepeta 10-20 parts, radix bupleuri 5-15 parts, turmeric 5-15 parts, bark of eucommia 10-30 parts, reticulate millettia 5-15 parts, radix glycyrrhizae 10-20 parts, purslane 10- 30 parts, Chinese yam 20-50 parts, fennel 5-10 parts, hawthorn 10-20 parts, Radix Codonopsis 5-10 parts, malt 5-10 parts, pine needle 5-10 parts.

It is preferred that in terms of parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：Schizonepeta 12-18 parts, radix bupleuri 5-10 parts, turmeric 6-12 parts, the bark of eucommia 15-25 parts, reticulate millettia 7-12 parts, radix glycyrrhizae 15-20 parts, purslane 15-25 parts, Chinese yam 30-40 parts, fennel 6-8 parts, hawthorn 12- 18 parts, Radix Codonopsis 6-8 parts, malt 7-10 parts, pine needle 7-10 parts.

Most preferably in terms of parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：15 parts of schizonepeta, 8 parts of radix bupleuri, 8 parts of turmeric, 20 parts of the bark of eucommia, chicken 10 parts of blood rattan, 18 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 20 parts of purslane, 35 parts of Chinese yam, 7 parts of fennel, 15 parts of hawthorn, 7 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 8 parts of malt, pine needle 8 Part.

The preparation method of the tilapia feed additive of the present invention, comprises the following steps：

The first step weighs each component according to required weight；

Second step crosses 60-100 mesh sieves after each component is crushed；

Each component powder is mixed evenly 3rd step.

Application of the feed addictive of the present invention in fish meal, it is characterized in that its addition in fish meal is Account for the 1-8% of feed gross weight, preferably 4%.

Primary raw material detailed annotation in the present invention is as follows：

1. schizonepeta,《Sheng Nong's herbal classic》It is classified as middle product；《Compendium of Materia Medica》Name " vacation Soviet Union ", popular name " ginger mustard "；It is labiate, enters Medicinal its dries cauline leaf and flower spike；Fresh and tender bud children are calm optimal, balm leaf yellow green, the square micro-strip purple of stem, and cross section is yellow White, the slightly black purple yellow green of tassel；Can town phlegm, timid wind, cool blood；Control influenza, headache fever and chills sweating, vomiting；Taste is put down, property Temperature, nontoxic, faint scent is dense；Schizonepeta is sweating, alexipyretic, is one of conventional herbal medicine of China；Can town phlegm, timid wind, cool blood；Control prevalence Flu, headache fever and chills sweating, vomiting.

2. radix bupleuri

Chinese medicine name；For《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》The herbal medicine included, medicinal part are the dry root of umbelliferae bupleurum or radix bupleuri scorzoneraefolii； Spring, the excavation of season in autumn two, remove cauline leaf and silt, dry；Radix bupleuri is conventional diaphoretic medicine；Smoke, mountain dish, mushroom grass, faggot, property alias Bitter, it is slightly cold, Return liver, gallbladder channel；Have with inducing diaphoresis, the effect of soothing the liver rising Yang；For cold, fever, fevers and chills alternate, malaria, liver depression The stagnation of the circulation of vital energy, sternal rib pain, prolapse of the anus, the prolapse of uterus, irregular menstruation.

3. turmeric

Also known as：Hair turmeric, rhizoma curcumae longae concisa, yellow ginger, tripod are fragrant, Radix Curcuma, and acrid flavour, hardship are warm-natured, Return liver, the spleen channel；Turmeric mainly contains Volatile oil, main component is turmerone, zingiberene, phellandrene, borneol etc. in oil；Still containing curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin etc.；Can Promoting blood circulation, analgesic, stagnation resolvation, promoting the circulation of qi, stimulates the menstrual flow, wind-dispelling；For stagnation of QI and blood, chest side of body shouting pain, Amenorrhea is suffered from abdominal pain, and lump in abdomen, bruise swells Bitterly, the disease such as postpartum stasis；Modern pharmacological research, turmeric have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-gastric-ulcer, antitumor, choleretic effect；Also drop Blood fat, hypotensive, Robust speaker feature, anticoagulant are with suppressing platelet aggregation；Stomach lining can be protected, protects liver cell；Clinically Choosing can be used for the unbearably painful heart, gastritis, cholangitis, wind-cold-dampness arthralgia, hyperlipidemia etc..

4. the bark of eucommia

The bark of eucommia, also known as bakelite, a small amount of protein contained be with adequate proteins as most foodstuffs, i.e., can hydrolyze inspection Go out to 8 kinds of amino acid needed by human；The bark of eucommia contains 15 kinds of mineral elements, wherein have zinc, copper, iron etc. trace element and calcium, phosphorus, The macroelements such as potassium, magnesium；Its 6-10% containing gutta-percha, 0.142 milligram of % of glucoside-containing, 0.066 milligram of % of alkaloid, the milli of pectin 6.5 Gram %, 2.9 milligrams of % of fat, 1.76 milligrams of % of resin, 0.25 milligram of % of organic acid, ketose, 0.7 milligram of % of Catergen, also containing dimension Raw plain E, vitamin B and beta carotene etc.；The modern study bark of eucommia, which has, removes internal rubbish, strengthens human body cell metabolism, Muscle skeleton aging is prevented, balanced human's blood pressure, decomposer inner cholesterol, reduces body fat, recovers blood vessel elasticity, diuresis is clear Heat, broad-spectrum antiseptic.

5. reticulate millettia

Reticulate millettia（Scientific name：Millettiadielsiana）It is the plant of pulse family Millettia；Be distributed in Vietnam, Laos and in Hubei, Gansu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Yunnan, Hunan, Hainan, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Jiangxi, the Fujian in state continent Etc. ground, be grown on the area of 2,500 meters of height above sea level, be grown in small stream ditch, hillside shaw and shrubbery, valley floor and roadside, at present more Not yet by artificial introducing and planting；It is numb in every limb for arthralgia pain due to rheumatism, quadriplegia, blood deficiency chlorosis, activate blood and relax tendons；Nourishing blood for regulating menstruation； Master is numb in every limb；Quadriplegia；Enrich blood, invigorate blood circulation, dredging collateral.

6. Chinese yam

For the dry rhizome of Dioscoreaceae plant Chinese yam；It is sweet, it is mild-natured；Returns spleen, lung, kidney channel；Main Ingredients and Appearance has sapogenin, DOPA Amine, hydrochloric acid Chinese yam alkali, polyphenol oxidase, glycoprotein, hydrolyzes to obtain lysine, histidine, arginine, aspartic acid, threonine, silk Propylhomoserin, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, cruel propylhomoserin, phenylalanine and egg ammonia Acid；Rhizome is containing dopamine, catecholamine, and cholesterine, ergosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, cupreol；In mucus Containing phytic acid, mannocarolose；Chinese yam contains the materials such as amylase, polyphenol oxidase, is advantageous to taste digestion and absorption function, is simply The product of the medicine-food two-purpose of flat tonifying spleen and stomach, containing various nutrients, there is strong body；Containing saponin, lymphatic temperament, there is profit Sliding, moist effect；There is tonifying spleen nourishing the stomach, the effect of promoting the production of body fluid, for spleen eating less, endless diarrhea, abnormal heat is quenched one's thirst.

7. radix glycyrrhizae

For the drying root and rhizome of legume Glycyrrhiza Uralensis, swollen fruit Radix and glycyrrhiza glabra, have cold-resistant, it is heat-resisting, drought-enduring, The good characteristics such as salt resistance alkali, it is the herbaceos perennial of pulse family, research shows, plurality of active ingredients is contained in radix glycyrrhizae, wherein Composition with bioactivity is mainly：Triterpene saponin, flavonoids, polysaccharide, Coumarins, alkaloids and amino acid Deng having clearing heat and detoxicating, logical tendon and vessel, sharp vim and vigour, eliminating the phlegm of quenching the thirst, tonifying spleen and stomach, coordinating the drug actions of a prescription and other effects.

8. Radix Codonopsis

Perennial herb, it is sweet, put down；Tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi, clearing heat and detoxicating, expelling phlegm and arresting coughing；For spleen eating less loose stool, weakness of limbs, the heart Throb with fear, shortness of breath, dry, spontaneous perspiration, prolapse of the anus, the prolapse of uterus.

9. malt

Malt, Chinese medicine name；It is grown in northern areas more, adds for the ripening fruits of grass barley through the dry processing of germination Work product；Nature and flavor are sweet, put down；Returns spleen, stomach；Gas helps digestion, spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, delaactation dissipate-swelling；For dyspepsia, abdominal distention is insufficiency of the spleen Deficiency of food, milk smoulders, swollen breasts, women weans, liver-depressed hypochondrium pain, stomachache due to emotional depression and the hyperactive liver-qi attacking the stomach.

10. pine needle

It is bitter, puckery, temperature, expelling wind and activating blood flow, improving eyesight, calm the nerves, detoxify, it is antipruritic, except halitosis, mouth parched and tongue scorched is gone, is treated constipation, rheumatoid arthrosis Bitterly, treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, yctalopia, high blood pressure, neurasthenia；Hypertension can be controlled by being brewed up with pine needle, high fat of blood, expelling wind and activating blood flow, Improving eyesight, calm the nerves, detoxify, it is antipruritic；As feed addictive or Direct-fed, feed can not only be saved, reduces production cost, and There is obvious facilitation to promoting animal growth and development, enhancing premunition and improving reproductive function etc..

11. purslane

It contains abundant two oxyethylamines, malic acid, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamin E, carrotene, vitamin B, dimension The nutriments such as raw plain C；Purslane nutritionally have one it is prominent the characteristics of, the content of fatty acid of its ω -3 is higher than people and plant Thing；The aliphatic acid of ω -3 can suppress absorption of the human body to the solid acid of courage, reduce serum cholesterol concentration, improve vessel wall elasticity, to anti- It is highly advantageous to control angiocardiopathy；There are clearing heat and promoting diuresis, removing toxicity for detumescence, anti-inflammatory, quench the thirst, diuresis；It is annual herb plant, happiness Humidity, it is grown on beside farmland, vegetable plot and ditch more, there is the effect of clearing heat and detoxicating, scattered blood detumescence, and have stronger antibacterial work With.

Beneficial effect

Purslane and radix bupleuri all have the effect of clearing heat and detoxicating, anti-inflammation in the present invention, can strengthen resistance of the livestock and poultry to disease； Schizonepeta has the effect of removing toxic substances；Turmeric can promote fish to grow, and fish disease is prevented and treated；Reticulate millettia can stimulate circulation, increase Strong functions of intestines and stomach, fish can be promoted to digest and absorb feed；The bark of eucommia can improve flesh of fish matter, with the addition of the feeding of bark of eucommia powder Material, fish are not only liked to eat, and have eaten later energy and promoted digestion, strengthen the tenderness of the flesh of fish, reduce unnecessary metabolism of lipid and cholesterol, Make fishiness road more delicious；Chinese yam contain various amino acid, especially glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, serine, proline and Mineral matter element, increase the synthetic quantity of muscle protein, reach the purpose for improving flesh of fish nutritive value；In addition, glutamic acid, sweet ammonia Acid, alanine, serine, proline are also relevant with sugariness, make flesh of fish taste more delicious；Fennel can turn part flavor substance Change the purpose for the musculature of fish, having reached and having improved flavor, also allow fish to put on flesh weightening；Hawthorn can improve albumen in feed Matter, fatty conversion ratio, food consumption is reduced, is preferable natural organic acids source of supply, feed palatability is good, improves livestock and poultry Feed intake；The generation of gut bacteria sexually transmitted disease can be reduced, improves survival rate；Can also have allow fish to put on flesh weightening；Malt Food digesting stomach fortifying；Radix glycyrrhizae can effectively improve growth of animal performance, enhancing immunity of organisms, improve intestinal health, be anti-oxidant, reduce and answer Swash reaction etc.；The present invention is on the basis of a large amount of practical applications, with reference to physiology of fishes and immunology scheduling theory practical combination Form；Each addition raw material can either give full play to respective effect, complement each other again, not only enhance the immunity of Tilapia mossambica but also fine Ground improves the meat of Tilapia mossambica, and weightening is fast, and prepares easy to use, cost is relatively low, it is easy promote, be all using natural plant It is thing, safe and non-toxic.

Embodiment

Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with example, but those skilled in the art will manage Solution, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.

Embodiment 1：

In terms of parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：15 parts of schizonepeta, 8 parts of radix bupleuri, 8 parts of turmeric, 20 parts of the bark of eucommia, 10 parts of reticulate millettia are sweet 18 parts of grass, 20 parts of purslane, 35 parts of Chinese yam, 7 parts of fennel, 15 parts of hawthorn, 7 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 8 parts of malt, 8 parts of pine needle.

Embodiment 2：

Count in parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：10 parts of schizonepeta, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 5 parts of turmeric, 10 parts of the bark of eucommia, 5 parts of reticulate millettia are sweet 10 parts of grass, 10 parts of purslane, 20 parts of Chinese yam, 5 parts of fennel, 10 parts of hawthorn, 5 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 5 parts of malt, 5 parts of pine needle.

Embodiment 3：

Count in parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：20 parts of schizonepeta, 15 parts of radix bupleuri, 15 parts of turmeric, 30 parts of the bark of eucommia, 15 parts of reticulate millettia, 20 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 30 parts of purslane, 50 parts of Chinese yam, 10 parts of fennel, 20 parts of hawthorn, 10 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 10 parts of malt, 10 parts of pine needle.

Embodiment 4：

Count in parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：10 parts of schizonepeta, 15 parts of radix bupleuri, 5 parts of turmeric, 30 parts of the bark of eucommia, 5 parts of reticulate millettia are sweet 20 parts of grass, 10 parts of purslane, 50 parts of Chinese yam, 5 parts of fennel, 20 parts of hawthorn, 5 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 10 parts of malt, 5 parts of pine needle.

Embodiment 5：

Count in parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：20 parts of schizonepeta, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 15 parts of turmeric, 10 parts of the bark of eucommia, 15 parts of reticulate millettia, 10 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 30 parts of purslane, 20 parts of Chinese yam, 5 parts of fennel, 20 parts of hawthorn, 5 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 10 parts of malt, 5 parts of pine needle.

Embodiment 6：

Count in parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：12 parts of schizonepeta, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 6 parts of turmeric, 15 parts of the bark of eucommia, 7 parts of reticulate millettia are sweet 15 parts of grass, 15 parts of purslane, 30 parts of Chinese yam, 6 parts of fennel, 12 parts of hawthorn, 6 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 7 parts of malt, 7 parts of pine needle.

Embodiment 7：

In terms of parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：18 parts of schizonepeta, 10 parts of radix bupleuri, 12 parts of turmeric, 15 parts of the bark of eucommia, 7 parts of reticulate millettia, 15 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 15 parts of purslane, 30 parts of Chinese yam, 8 parts of fennel, 12 parts of hawthorn, 6 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 10 parts of malt, 7 parts of pine needle.

Embodiment 8：

In terms of parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：12 parts of schizonepeta, 10 parts of radix bupleuri, 6 parts of turmeric, 25 parts of the bark of eucommia, 7 parts of reticulate millettia are sweet 20 parts of grass, 15 parts of purslane, 40 parts of Chinese yam, 6 parts of fennel, 18 parts of hawthorn, 6 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 10 parts of malt, 7 parts of pine needle.

Above example 1-4 preparation method is in turn include the following steps：

The first step weighs each component according to required weight；

Each component crushed 60 mesh sieves by second step；

Each component powder is mixed evenly 3rd step.

Above example 5-8 preparation method is in turn include the following steps：

The first step weighs each component according to required weight；

Each component crushed 100 mesh sieves by second step；

Each component powder is mixed evenly 3rd step.

Contrast experiment：

Age in days is close, body weight is similar healthy Tilapia mossambica 1800 in fish farm is chosen, is divided into 9 groups, every group 200,1-8 The additive that embodiment 1-8 preparations are respectively adopted in group is added in the basal feed of fish, and the strip adoption of control group 200 is not added with this hair The same basal feed of bright additive, addition of the additive in feed are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

。

Experimental group and other feeding patterns all sames of control group, after feeding 60 days, survey its survival rate, and every group is taken out at random 20 are sampled, and test index of correlation, and wherein rate of body weight gain is that the incrementss of body weight before and after fish is fed account for the percentage of original body mass Number；The measurement result of each index is its average value；It the results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

。

As can be seen from the above table, add additive of the present invention feed feeding Tilapia mossambica rate of body weight gain, survival rate, fish The fish that muscle protein content is fed apparently higher than the feed for being not added with additive of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of feed addictive for Tilapia mossambica, it is characterised in that count in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw materials：Schizonepeta 10-20 parts, radix bupleuri 5-15 parts, turmeric 5-15 parts, bark of eucommia 10-30 parts, reticulate millettia 5-15 parts, radix glycyrrhizae 10-20 parts, purslane 10- 30 parts, Chinese yam 20-50 parts, fennel 5-10 parts, hawthorn 10-20 parts, Radix Codonopsis 5-10 parts, malt 5-10 parts, pine needle 5-10 parts.

2. feed addictive as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in terms of parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is：Schizonepeta 12- 18 parts, radix bupleuri 5-10 parts, turmeric 6-12 parts, bark of eucommia 15-25 parts, reticulate millettia 7-12 parts, radix glycyrrhizae 15-20 parts, purslane 15-25 Part, Chinese yam 30-40 parts, fennel 6-8 parts, hawthorn 12-18 parts, Radix Codonopsis 6-8 parts, malt 7-10 parts, pine needle 7-10 parts.

3. feed addictive as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in terms of parts by weight, the amount of each raw material is；Schizonepeta 15 Part, 8 parts of radix bupleuri, 8 parts of turmeric, 20 parts of the bark of eucommia, 10 parts of reticulate millettia, 18 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 20 parts of purslane, 35 parts of Chinese yam, 7 parts of fennel, 15 parts of hawthorn, 7 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 8 parts of malt, 8 parts of pine needle.

4. the preparation method of the feed addictive as described in one of claim 1-3, in turn includes the following steps：

The first step weighs each component according to required weight；

Second step crosses 60-100 mesh sieves after each component is crushed；

Each component powder is mixed evenly 3rd step.

5. application of the feed addictive as described in one of claim 1-3 in fish meal, it is characterized in that it is in fish meal Addition be the 1-8% for accounting for feed gross weight.

6. application of the feed addictive as claimed in claim 5 in fish meal, it is characterized in that its addition in fish meal Measure to account for the 4% of feed gross weight.