CN110669002B - 一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN110669002B
CN110669002B CN201911079169.XA CN201911079169A CN110669002B CN 110669002 B CN110669002 B CN 110669002B CN 201911079169 A CN201911079169 A CN 201911079169A CN 110669002 B CN110669002 B CN 110669002B
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史建云
刘超
许义波
戴红升
江云青
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Abstract

本发明提出一种2‑氟‑3‑羟基吡啶‑4‑羧酸的合成方法,属于有机化学合成领域。以2‑氟‑3‑羟基吡啶为原料,在N,N‑二异丙基乙胺、2‑(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯及二异丙胺、正丁基锂、二氧化碳的作用下,通过羟基保护、与二氧化碳加成后脱保护两步反应得到目标产物2‑氟‑3‑羟基吡啶‑4‑羧酸。本方法反应步骤短,合成操作简单,易于实现。

Description

一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及有机化学合成领域,具体涉及一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法。
背景技术
含氟吡啶类化合物是一类重要的精细化工中间体,由于其在性能上具有用量少、毒性低、药效高等特点,使其在新医药、农药品种中所占比例越来越高,也是国内含氟中间体研发的主要方向之一。以一些简单的吡啶类化合物及有机试剂为原料,通过引入一些特定的基团,可得到更具竞争力的新型含氟吡啶类精细中间体产品。因此,开发含氟吡啶类化合物的合成工艺,有重要意义。
鉴于此,我们提出了以含强给电子基团羟基的含氟吡啶为原料制备新型含氟吡啶类中间体的合成方法,该方法目前尚无文献报道。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种制备含氟吡啶类化合物中间体的合成方法。本发明首次提出2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法,提供了一种反应步骤简短、合成操作简单的合成路线。
所述方法的合成路线如下:
Figure BDA0002263408620000011
所述合成路线通过以下步骤实现:
(1)将化合物A和N,N-二异丙基乙胺溶于二氯甲烷中,冷却,与2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯反应得到化合物B;
(2)将二异丙胺混溶于四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下进行冷却,加入正丁基锂搅拌后,再次冷却,加入化合物B,维持在冷却温度下搅拌,与二氧化碳作用,升温反应,得到化合物C。
优选地,步骤(1)中的反应温度为25℃,反应时间为5~40小时。
优选地,步骤(1)中化合物A、N,N-二异丙基乙胺和2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯的摩尔比为1:1.5:1.2。
优选地,步骤(2)中的冷却温度为-78℃,与二氧化碳反应,升温至10~35℃,反应时间为5~40小时。
优选地,步骤(2)中正丁基锂的浓度为2.5mol/L,化合物B、二异丙胺和正丁基锂的摩尔比为1:1.2:1.1。
本发明的中文释义:DIEA:N,N-二异丙基乙胺;SEMCl:2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯;DIPA:二异丙胺;n-BuLi:正丁基锂。
本发明的有益效果在于:
a.本发明首次提出2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法,为2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的制备提供了合成路线;
b.本发明2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法为两步反应,工艺路线简短;
c.本发明反应操作方便,易于实现。
具体实施方式
本发明用下列实施例来进一步说明本发明,但本发明的保护范围并不限于实施例。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的精神和保护范围的情况下可做出许多其他的变化和修改。具体的说,化学和结构上相关的某些试剂可以代替这里描述的试剂以获得相同或相似的结果,并且优选范围之外的条件下反应有可能也能够进行,只是效果未达到最佳。因此,这些显而易见的替代和修改仍包括在权利要求书中保护的范围内。
实施例1
将2-氟-3-羟基吡啶(23.08g,200mmol,1eq.)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(50ml,300mmol,1.5eq.)溶于200ml二氯甲烷中,冷却后,滴加2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯(42.5ml,240mmol,1.2eq.),在25℃下反应20小时。
待原料反应完毕后,加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,分液,有机层经浓缩后,得到45.26g淡黄色油状物2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶,收率93%。
将2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶(45.26g,186mmol,1eq.)溶于四氢呋喃中,放入滴加漏斗中备用。向反应器中加入二异丙胺(31.6ml,223.2mmol,1.2eq.)和300ml四氢呋喃,在氮气保护下冷却至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂(82ml,204.6mmol,1.1eq.),升至25℃搅拌1小时后,再次冷却至-78℃,滴加备用的2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶的四氢呋喃溶液,-78℃下搅拌2小时。随后与二氧化碳作用,并升温至12℃,反应40小时。
待原料反应完毕后,在冰水浴下,滴加250ml饱和氯化铵溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,将得到的有机相进行浓缩后,用4mol/L的盐酸调pH至3~4。搅拌1小时后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩有机相得到粗品。粗品用乙腈打浆,得到25.13g白色固体2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸,收率86%。
1H NMR(d6-DMSO):13.87(s,br,1H),7.73(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=5.2Hz,1H)。
实施例2
将2-氟-3-羟基吡啶(18.46g,160mmol,1eq.)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(40ml,240mmol,1.5eq.)溶于150ml二氯甲烷中,冷却后,滴加2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯(34ml,192mmol,1.2eq.),在25℃下反应8小时。
待原料反应完毕后,加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,分液,有机层经浓缩后,得到27.64g淡黄色油状物2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶,收率71%。
将2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶(27.64g,113.6mmol,1eq.)溶于四氢呋喃中,放入滴加漏斗中备用。向反应器中加入二异丙胺(19.3ml,136.3mmol,1.2eq.)和200ml四氢呋喃,在氮气保护下冷却至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂(50ml,125mmol,1.1eq.),升至25℃搅拌1小时后,再次冷却至-78℃,滴加备用的2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶的四氢呋喃溶液,-78℃下搅拌2小时。随后与二氧化碳作用,并升温至35℃,反应7小时。
待原料反应完毕后,在冰水浴下,滴加180ml饱和氯化铵溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,将得到的有机相进行浓缩后,用4mol/L的盐酸调pH至3~4。搅拌1小时后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩有机相得到粗品。粗品用乙腈打浆,得到15.53g白色固体2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸,收率87%。
1H NMR(d6-DMSO):13.87(s,br,1H),7.73(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=5.2Hz,1H)。
实施例3
将2-氟-3-羟基吡啶(28.85g,250mmol,1eq.)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(62ml,375mmol,1.5eq.)溶于200ml二氯甲烷中,冷却后,滴加2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯(53.1ml,300mmol,1.2eq.),在25℃下反应36小时。
待原料反应完毕后,加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,分液,有机层经浓缩后,得到51.1g淡黄色油状物2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶,收率84%。
将2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶(51.1g,210mmol,1eq.)溶于四氢呋喃中,放入滴加漏斗中备用。向反应器中加入二异丙胺(35.7ml,252mmol,1.2eq.)和400ml四氢呋喃,在氮气保护下冷却至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂(92.5ml,231mmol,1.1eq.),升至25℃搅拌1小时后,再次冷却至-78℃,滴加备用的2-氟-3-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基吡啶的四氢呋喃溶液,-78℃下搅拌2小时。随后与二氧化碳作用,并升温至23℃,反应25小时。
待原料反应完毕后,在冰水浴下,滴加250ml饱和氯化铵溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,将得到的有机相进行浓缩后,用4mol/L的盐酸调pH至5~6。搅拌1小时后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩有机相得到粗品。粗品用乙腈打浆,得到23.75g白色固体2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸,收率72%。
1H NMR(d6-DMSO):13.87(s,br,1H),7.73(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=5.2Hz,1H)。

Claims (5)

1.一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,所述合成方法为:
Figure FDA0002263408610000011
包括如下步骤:
(1)将化合物A和N,N-二异丙基乙胺溶于二氯甲烷中,冷却,与2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯反应得到化合物B;
(2)将二异丙胺混溶于四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下进行冷却,加入正丁基锂搅拌后,再次冷却,加入化合物B,维持在冷却温度下搅拌,与二氧化碳作用,升温反应,得到化合物C。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中的反应温度为25℃,反应时间为5~40小时。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中化合物A、N,N-二异丙基乙胺和2-(三甲基硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯的摩尔比为1:1.5:1.2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中的冷却温度为-78℃,与二氧化碳反应,升温至10~35℃,反应时间为5~40小时。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种2-氟-3-羟基吡啶-4-羧酸的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中正丁基锂的浓度为2.5mol/L,化合物B、二异丙胺和正丁基锂的摩尔比为1:1.2:1.1。
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