CN110622758A - Tea tree and dendrobium imitating wild symbiotic cultivation method and dendrobium fixed planting device - Google Patents
Tea tree and dendrobium imitating wild symbiotic cultivation method and dendrobium fixed planting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110622758A CN110622758A CN201910894742.6A CN201910894742A CN110622758A CN 110622758 A CN110622758 A CN 110622758A CN 201910894742 A CN201910894742 A CN 201910894742A CN 110622758 A CN110622758 A CN 110622758A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The scheme discloses a tea tree and dendrobium imitating wild symbiosis cultivation method in the technical field of dendrobium planting, which comprises the following steps: step one, coating protective liquid on both sides of the waterproof breathable film, wherein the protective liquid comprises a nano-Nayideye aqueous solution, an Ouchi aqueous solution and a Dakeling essence aqueous solution; a plurality of waterproof breathable films are attached to two sides of the root system of the dendrobium, and a gap is reserved between the adjacent waterproof breathable films on the same side; step two, attaching lichens to two sides of the root system of the dendrobium, covering the root system with the lichens, and fixing the dendrobium coated with the lichens on the tea trees; and step three, arranging a water applying device on the tea trees, wherein the water applying device comprises a water storage device and a water-absorbing cloth strip, one end of the cloth strip is positioned at the bottom of the water storage device, and the other end of the cloth strip extends to the top of the root system of the dendrobium. Through the wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation, the survival rate and the quality of the dendrobium can be obviously improved, and further the economic benefit of a tea garden is improved. In order to further improve the attaching efficiency of the dendrobium, the scheme also provides a dendrobium fixed planting device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dendrobium planting, and particularly relates to a tea tree and dendrobium imitating wild symbiosis cultivation method and a dendrobium planting device.
Background
Tea trees belong to shrubs or small trees, and tender branches are hairless, leafy and long round or oval. The tea tree leaves can be used for making tea, the seeds can be used for squeezing oil, the tea tree material is fine and dense, and the tea tree can be used for carving; therefore, tea tree is a good economic plant. Along with the construction of a large amount of tea gardens in China, the planting space of the tea garden is fully utilized, and the economic benefit of the unit area of the tea garden is improved, so that the method has important significance for the benign development of the tea garden. The dendrobium is favored to grow in warm, humid, semi-yin and semi-yang environments, and symbiotic cultivation between the dendrobium and tea trees has natural advantages for improving the economic benefit of the tea garden. The dendrobe is listed as the head of 'Jiuda henryi' and belongs to the second level of China which mainly protects wild plants and endangered rare Chinese medicinal materials; therefore, the improvement of the planting level of the dendrobium is very important for protecting wild dendrobium.
The existing method for cultivating dendrobium and tea trees in a symbiotic mode mainly adopts a wild-imitating mode or cultivates dendrobium in tea garden soil by optimizing the materials. Wherein, the wild-imitating cultivation is mainly to carry out tree sticking or stone sticking cultivation on the dendrobium; because the sticking tree epiphyte cultivation has higher survival rate, the sticking tree epiphyte cultivation occupies most of the wild-simulated cultivation of the dendrobium.
The cultivation of attaching the dendrobium to the tree is simple, and the moss and the like only need to wrap the root of the dendrobium and be bound on the tea tree during attaching. For example, the application number '201810895442.5' describes an ecological planting method for dendrobium, which comprises the steps of firstly taking dendrobium seedlings when planting dendrobium, taking dendrobium seedlings, washing a culture medium, wrapping herba selaginellae around the roots of dendrobium and binding the herba selaginellae to branches of tea trees at a distance of 10-20 cm according to 3-5 clusters of 1 plant, continuously spraying dendrobium mycorrhizal fungi fermentation liquor to the plants after sunset for 7 days, and ensuring that the roots and the herba selaginellae are wet and do not accumulate water.
However, for dendrobium nobile attachment, after dendrobium nobile attachment, the root system is extremely unstable, and a proper amount of water is needed to keep the root system moist, so that the absorbed nutrient substances can be better transformed, the development of the root system is promoted, and the growth of the root system is promoted and the dendrobium nobile attachment is attached to a tree; although can will carry out the water application to the stem of noble dendrobium at an interval of time among the prior art, because the stem of noble dendrobium attaches the kind on the tree, the moisture that sprays can run off very fast to the stem of noble dendrobium exposes also can aggravate the evaporation of moisture in the air, consequently at the interval of applying water to the stem of noble dendrobium, the phenomenon of lack of water often can appear in the stem of noble dendrobium, and then influences its normal growth. In addition, the dendrobium is directly exposed in the air without the original growth environment during the attachment, the probability of infecting diseases and insect pests is increased rapidly, the diseases and insect pests need to be prevented and controlled, and the situation that the dendrobium grows badly due to the diseases and insect pests is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for tea trees and dendrobium to improve the yield and quality of dendrobium and further improve the yield of a tea garden in unit area; in addition, the invention also provides a dendrobium fixed planting device, which is used for improving the planting efficiency of dendrobium on tea trees.
The wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for the tea trees and the dendrobium comprises the following steps:
step one, coating protective liquid on both sides of the waterproof breathable film, wherein the protective liquid comprises a nano-Nayideye aqueous solution, an Ouchi aqueous solution and a Dakeling essence aqueous solution; a plurality of waterproof breathable films are attached to two sides of the root system of the dendrobium, and a gap is reserved between the adjacent waterproof breathable films on the same side;
step two, attaching lichens to two sides of the root system of the dendrobium, covering the root system with the lichens, and fixing the dendrobium coated with the lichens on the tea trees;
and step three, arranging a water applying device on the tea trees, wherein the water applying device comprises a water storage device and a water-absorbing cloth strip, one end of the cloth strip is positioned at the bottom of the water storage device, and the other end of the cloth strip extends to the top of the root system of the dendrobium.
The beneficial effect of this scheme: the dendrobium is easy to generate black spot, gray mold, southern blight and the like at the initial stage of the epiphyte, and main pests comprise prodenia litura, locusts with short forehead, grubs, snails and the like; coating protective liquid on two sides of the waterproof breathable film, wherein the protective liquid comprises a nano-Navier aqueous solution, an Ouchi aqueous solution and a Dakeling aqueous solution; the Nanaled aqueous solution and the Europe-killing aqueous solution can kill various diseases and insect pests which affect the growth of the dendrobium; the dacron extract can prevent the leaf lesions of the dendrobium and obviously reduce the occurrence of the lesions of the leaves of the dendrobium. Meanwhile, the dacron essence has remarkable light and rain resistance, and can improve the action time of the protective liquid on the dendrobium, so that the control time of the protective liquid on the diseases and insect pests of the dendrobium can be as long as 2-2.5 months, and the control time is almost close to the time required by the joint growth of a dendrobium root system and a tea tree; thereby effectively reducing the adverse effect of plant diseases and insect pests on the dendrobium in the growth fragile period.
The waterproof breathable films are attached to two sides of the root system of the dendrobium, the waterproof breathable films can obviously reduce the increase of the moisture of the root of the dendrobium, and meanwhile, the breathability of the root system of the dendrobium is ensured. The attached lichen of both sides of stem of noble dendrobium root system and make lichen cover the root system, lichen can play good moisturizing performance to the root system of stem of noble dendrobium, the lichen of attached tea tree is because root system one side cladding stem of noble dendrobium simultaneously, in stem of noble dendrobium seed earlier stage, the lichen of attached tea tree can moisturize the stem of noble dendrobium, to the stem of noble dendrobium seed later stage, the lichen of attached tea tree can die a large amount, because contain a large amount of nutrient substance in the lichen, its dead back, nutrient substance dissolves the aquatic and can provide nutrient element for the growth of stem of noble dendrobium, the rotten lichen of while is attached and is favorable to the better tree of attaching.
In the early stage of the dendrobium adAN _ SNtation, the vitality of lichen is stronger than that of the dendrobium; and lichens far away from the tea tree can grow normally while moisturizing the root system of the dendrobium due to the fact that the root system faces the tea tree, and at the moment, the lichens and the dendrobium which grow normally can form a competitive relationship. A gap is reserved between adjacent waterproof breathable films on the same side, so that the lichen positioned in the gap can grow smoothly, and the growth quantity of the lichen is limited; thereby providing an optimal way for symbiosis among lichens, dendrobium and tea trees.
In the early stage of dendrobium attaching, a large amount of water is needed for the growth of dendrobium and lichen; because stem of noble dendrobium and lichen are attached to the planting on tea tree, moisture can pass through tea tree and move down, consequently can not appear the too much condition emergence of stem of noble dendrobium root ponding. However, both lichen and dendrobium are exposed in the air, and meanwhile, because the lichen and dendrobium are poor in water absorption performance due to the fact that the lichen and dendrobium are not attached to the tea tree in a joint symbiotic relationship, the dendrobium and the lichen are easy to lack water and are extremely sensitive to water loss. And through the setting of water application device, the cloth strip can be slow with the moisture in the water receiver to the dendrobe root direction, both can guarantee the supply to dendrobe, lichen moisture, can avoid the waste of water resource again.
Further, the Nayinaidesan aqueous solution is 800-900 times of Nayinaidesan diluted solution, the OuiKing aqueous solution is 200-300 times of OuiKing diluted solution, and the Dakeling essence aqueous solution is 600-700 times of Dakeling essence diluted solution. The retention time of the protective solution with the concentration at the root of the dendrobium can reach about 2.5 months, so that the effective prevention and control of the diseases and insect pests at the initial stage of dendrobium attachment are ensured; meanwhile, the phenomenon that the subsequent quality of the dendrobium is adversely affected due to overlong retention time of the protective liquid is avoided.
Further, the nano-Nayide aqueous solution, the Ouchi aqueous solution and the Dakeling aqueous solution are sequentially coated on the waterproof breathable film. Because the dacron essence has good waterproof performance, the dacron essence aqueous solution is smeared on the outermost layer, so that the retention time of the protective liquid can be prolonged to the maximum extent.
Further, after 3-4 months of dendrobium attaching, the waterproof breathable film is drawn out. The waterproof breathable film can limit the growth of the dendrobium and the lichens to a certain extent, after the dendrobium is planted for 3-4 months, the dendrobium and the tea trees basically reach a joint symbiotic state, and at the moment, the moisture retention effect of the lichens on the dendrobium is greater than the competitive effect; and the removal of the waterproof breathable film is more beneficial to the growth of dendrobium and lichen.
Further, the water application device is removed after the dendrobium is attached for 4 months. After the dendrobium is planted for 4 months, the moisture absorbed by the root system can meet the growth requirement of the dendrobium, and the water applying device is removed, so that the absorption of the dendrobium to the atmosphere and the moisture of the tea tree can be increased, the content of nutrient substances is increased, and the quality of the dendrobium is improved.
Further, attapulgite powder is scattered on one side of the lichens attached to the dendrobium nobile, and the specific surface area of the attapulgite powder is 400-600 m2In terms of/kg. The attapulgite has the sterilization effect, and the specific surface area is 400-600 m2The/kg attapulgite powder is extremely fine and does not limit the growth of dendrobium and lichen. Meanwhile, after the dendrobium is coated by the lichen, the attapulgite powder can be attached to the surface of the protective liquid, so that the time of the protective liquid for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively prolonged while the protective liquid assists in sterilization.
In order to improve the seeding efficiency of the dendrobium, the invention also provides a dendrobium fixed planting device, which comprises a connecting column and two fixed planting mechanisms arranged in a mirror image manner; the planting mechanism comprises a roller pair group, a transmission part and a box body with an opening at one end; the box body is internally provided with a partition board which divides the box body into a plurality of liquid storage chambers, two opposite side walls of the box body are respectively a front board and a rear board, and two wall bodies between the front board and the rear board are side boards; the wall body connected with the front plate, the rear plate and the side plates is a right plate; sliding chutes are respectively arranged on the front plate and the rear plate near the opening ends, sliding plates are respectively connected in the sliding chutes in a sealed sliding manner, the pair roller sets are rotatably connected between the sliding plates and comprise a plurality of pair rollers, the pair rollers are attached to each other, and the pair rollers at two ends are attached to the wall body of the liquid storage chamber; the front plate is provided with a through limiting hole, the limiting hole is connected with a sealing plate used for hermetically separating the liquid storage chamber in a sliding manner, and the sealing plate is positioned between the sliding plate and the right plate;
the transmission part comprises a gear and a rack which are meshed with each other, the gear is rotationally connected in the arranging groove, and the rack is connected in the limiting groove in a sliding manner; the two racks are respectively and fixedly connected with the two ends of the sliding plate, and the racks and the upper end surface of the sliding plate are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
the open ends of the two box bodies are opposite and fixedly connected through a connecting column, an adhesive tape box and a storage box with an open end are fixedly connected to the two side plates of one box body respectively, the open end of the storage box is communicated with a gap between the two box bodies, the storage box is provided with a plurality of storage chambers from top to bottom, sleeve rods are fixed in the storage chambers, and waterproof breathable membrane coiled materials are sleeved on the sleeve rods; an adhesive tape is placed in the adhesive tape box; at least two fixing rods are arranged on the side plate, and the two fixing rods are located at two ends of the side plate and at the opening end of the box body.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the scheme are as follows: when the device is used, different protective liquids are placed in the liquid storage chambers, and the adhesive tapes are attached between the two fixing rods; the plurality of waterproof breathable films are then pulled and adhered to the adhesive tape. Rotating the gear, wherein the gear drives the rack, the rack drives the sliding plate, and the sliding plate drives the roller train until the roller train is in contact with the waterproof breathable film; the sealing plate slides to enable the protective liquid to be in contact with the pair roller group, the adhesive tape is pulled, the adhesive tape drives the waterproof breathable films to move, the pair roller group is driven to rotate when the waterproof breathable films move, the protective liquid is adhered to the waterproof breathable films, and different protective liquids are placed in different liquid storage chambers, so that various protective liquids can be adhered to the waterproof breathable films. Dendrobe field planting device in this scheme can realize the multiple protective liquid of the disposable adhesion of a plurality of waterproof breathable membranes, can show the planting efficiency who improves the dendrobe. Meanwhile, as the protective liquid is adhered to the waterproof breathable film by rotating the roller set, the waste of the protective liquid can be reduced.
Furthermore, stem of noble dendrobium field planting device still includes the connecting plate, and a plurality of closing plates in the same box of connecting plate fixed connection, the connecting plate is located outside the box. Through setting up the connecting plate, can realize the simultaneous control to a plurality of closing plates.
Further, a rubber pad is arranged between the sealing plate and the side wall of the limiting hole. Through setting up the rubber pad, be favorable to more ensureing when the pulling closing plate, the leakproofness between closing plate and the spacing hole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a dendrobium nobile fixed planting device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the front plate of the upper shell of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 with the front plate removed;
FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the dendrobium nobile fixed planting device in use;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of the storage cassette of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a state diagram of the flowering time of the next year after dendrobium nobile attached tea plant is planted.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: lower box 1, rubber pad 2, closing plate 3, receiver 4, gear 5, connecting plate 6, handle 7, last box 8, front bezel 81, spacing hole 82, spout 83, sticky tape box 9, dead lever 10, spliced pole 11, waterproof ventilated membrane 12, rack 13, division board 14, pair roller 15, slide 16, receiving chamber 17.
The dendrobium fixed planting device comprises an upper box body 8 and a lower box body 1, wherein one end of the upper box body 8 is open, the open ends of the upper box body 8 and the lower box body 1 are opposite and are fixedly connected through a connecting column 11; the upper box body 8 and the lower box body 1 are internally provided with two partition plates 14 which divide the upper box body and the lower box body into three liquid storage chambers; two opposite side walls of the upper box body 8 and the lower box body 1 are respectively a front plate 81 and a rear plate, two wall bodies between the front plate 81 and the rear plate are side plates, and a wall body connected with the front plate 81, the rear plate and the side plates is a right plate; sliding chutes 83 are respectively arranged on the rear plate and the front plate 81 close to the opening ends, sliding plates 16 are respectively connected in the sliding chutes 83 in a sealed sliding manner, a pair roller set is rotatably connected between the sliding plates 16 and comprises a plurality of pair rollers 15, the pair rollers 15 are attached to each other, and the pair rollers 15 on two sides are attached to the wall body of the liquid storage chamber; as shown in fig. 2: be equipped with the spacing hole 82 that runs through on the front bezel 81, spacing hole 82 sliding connection has the closing plate 3 that is used for airtight partition stock solution room, is equipped with rubber pad 2 between closing plate 3 and the lateral wall in spacing hole 82, and a plurality of closing plates 3 pass through 6 fixed connection of connecting plate, and outside 6 connecting plates were located spacing hole 82, one side that the stock solution room was kept away from to connecting plate 6 was equipped with handle 7.
The side plates of the upper box body 8 and the lower box body 1 are provided with a placing groove and an L-shaped limiting groove, and the placing groove is rotationally connected with a gear 5; a rack 13 meshed with the gear 5 is connected in the limiting groove in a sliding mode, one end of the rack 13 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 16, and the upper end faces of the rack and the sliding plate are located on the same horizontal plane.
A storage box 4 with an opening at one end is bonded on the outer wall of the side plate of the upper box body 8, the storage box 4 is shown in figure 5, the opening end of the storage box 4 is communicated with a gap between the upper box body 8 and the lower box body 1, five storage chambers 17 are arranged in the storage box 4 from top to bottom, sleeve rods are fixed in the storage chambers 17, and waterproof breathable membrane coiled materials are sleeved on the sleeve rods; an adhesive tape box 9 is bonded on the side plate of the upper box body 8 and the side plate of the lower box body 1 far away from the storage box 4, and an adhesive tape is placed in the adhesive tape box 9; the side plate provided with the adhesive tape box 9 is provided with at least two fixing rods 10, and the two fixing rods 10 are positioned at two ends of the side plate and positioned at the opening.
The tea tree and dendrobium imitating wild symbiotic cultivation method is suitable for dendrobium huoshanense, dendrobium officinale, dendrobium moniliforme, dendrobium loddigesii, dendrobium fimbriatum, dendrobium loddigesii, dendrobium nobile and the like, and the dendrobium officinale is taken as an example in the following embodiments.
Embodiment 1, a wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for tea trees and dendrobium, comprising the following steps:
step one, coating protective liquid on both sides of the waterproof breathable film 12 by using a dendrobium fixed planting device (as shown in figure 4), specifically: the protective liquid comprises 800-900 times of a Nayideyideyideyideyiuqing (Nayideyideyideyideyiuqing), 200-300 times of an Ouikqie (Ouikqie) and 600-700 times of a Dakeling essence (Dakeling essence water); putting the dacron essence aqueous solution, the Oldham's aqueous solution and the Nanai aqueous solution into a storage chamber from left to right; then pulling the five waterproof breathable film coiled materials to enable the five waterproof breathable films 12 to penetrate through the gap between the upper box body 8 and the lower box body 1 and be adhered to the adhesive tapes on the two fixing rods 10; open closing plate 3 and reversal stem of noble dendrobium field planting device, through waterproof ventilated membrane 12 of sticky tape pulling until its length enough attached stem of noble dendrobium root system, then cut waterproof ventilated membrane 12, closed closing plate 3. Then attaching the waterproof breathable film 12 adhered with the protective liquid to the root of the dendrobium; nayide selects Dupont Wanling (Nayide), Ouijing selects Wanqiang/several roots (Ouijing), and Dakeling selects Dakeling-essence bactericide produced by SDS BLOTECH K.K. company.
Secondly, spraying attapulgite powder with the specific surface area of 400-600 m2/kg on roots of lichens, attaching the lichens to two sides of the root systems of the dendrobium and enabling the lichens to cover the root systems, wherein the attapulgite powder is positioned between the lichens and the dendrobium; fixing the dendrobium coated with the lichen on the tea tree by a nylon rope or a hemp rope and the like; when fixing the dendrobium, fixing the dendrobium on the tea tree about 20cm away from the ground, binding 3-5 plants of each group of dendrobium, keeping the distance between each group of dendrobium and each group of dendrobium at 25-30 cm, and keeping the sun shading degree of the attached position of the dendrobium at 60-70%; when the dendrobium is bound, only the root system close to the stem base is bound, and the stem base is exposed, so that the dendrobium can germinate; selecting 2 middle ten days when the dendrobium is planted;
step three, arranging a water application device on the tea trees, wherein the water application device comprises a water storage device and a water absorption cloth strip, one end of the cloth strip is positioned at the bottom of the water storage device, and the other end of the cloth strip extends to the top of the root system of the dendrobium; 4 months after the dendrobium is planted, the waterproof breathable film 12 is drawn out; and removing the water application device. The water storage device can be selected from a water storage bag, a water storage bottle, a water storage tank and the like; the growth state of herba Dendrobii after one year is shown in figure 6.
Step four, the first picking time of the dendrobium is from 1 year after the dendrobium is attached to the tea plant to the second year before the dendrobium blooms; and keeping 2-3 cm of heads during picking from winter to the next year before the dendrobium blooms, and cutting old dendrobium into tender dendrobium.
Example 2 differs from example 1 only in that: the water-proof breathable film 12 is not adhered with protective liquid.
Example 3 differs from example 1 only in that: the dacron aqueous solution, the nanicade aqueous solution and the oucidal aqueous solution are sequentially coated on the waterproof breathable film 12.
Example 4 differs from example 1 only in that: the waterproof breathable film 12 is not drawn.
Example 5 differs from example 1 only in that: the water application device is not removed.
Example 6 differs from example 1 only in that: concave soil powder is not thrown in.
Example 7 differs from example 1 only in that: the dendrobium fixed planting device is not used. Compared with a dendrobium fixed planting device, the efficiency is reduced by 150-180%.
Example 8 differs from example 1 only in that: the protective solution does not include a nano-scaled aqueous solution.
Example 9 differs from example 1 only in that: the protective liquid does not include an aqueous biocidal solution.
Example 10 differs from example 1 only in that: the protective liquid does not include aqueous solution of dacron.
Example 11 differs from example 1 only in that: the protective solution does not include Namiede aqueous solution and Ouicidal aqueous solution.
Example 12 differs from example 1 only in that: the waterproof breathable film 12, the non-adhesive protective liquid, the concave soil powder and the water applying device are not arranged; but keeping the dendrobium attached for 7 days continuously, and spraying the dendrobium mycorrhizal fungi fermentation liquor on the plants once after sunset; spraying water for 1 time every day in four months after the dendrobium is fixedly planted.
The applicant carries out wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation on tea trees and dendrobium in 6 mu tea gardens in Meitan county, Zunyi, Guizhou province in 2017; the method in each embodiment is characterized in that 2500-2600 tea trees are arranged in 0.5 mu of tea garden; and counting the picking amount of the dendrobium in 2019, 8, 15 days, inspecting the dendrobium, and meeting the quality standard of 92-93 in the first part of the 2015 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia. Pesticide content detection shows that the dendrobium has no pesticide residue; and the picked dendrobium is sampled and detected according to a detection method of dendrobium officinale in content determination, and the survival rate of the dendrobium, the yield comparison of the dendrobium and the dendrobine content data which have great influence on the economic benefit of a tea garden are attached, wherein the yield comparison of the dendrobium takes the yield of the embodiment 12 as a reference 1 (namely 100%); the specific data are shown in the following table:
in the table, the dendrobine content refers to the percentage of dendrobine in the whole weight of dendrobe.
As can be seen from the examples 1, 2 and 8-12 in the table, the preparation of the three aqueous solutions in the protective solution has good effects on improving the survival rate, yield and quality of the dendrobium. The main reason is that the dendrobium has better growth situation in the stage of seed attachment through the supply of the protective liquid, and the invasion of plant diseases and insect pests to the dendrobium is greatly reduced, thereby being beneficial to the growth of the dendrobium. In addition, as can be seen from example 6, the attapulgite powder also has a good effect on improving the growth of dendrobium, and the attapulgite powder can be used in combination with a protective solution to remarkably promote the growth of dendrobium. From the comparison between example 1 and example 12, it can be seen that, compared with the prior art, the growth of the dendrobium root system is promoted by adopting the dendrobium mycorrhizal fungi fermentation liquid; when the dendrobium is attached, a mode of combining the protective liquid and the attapulgite powder is adopted, so that the dendrobium can be maintained in a good growth state. It can be seen from example 5 that the long-term replenishment of the external water source adversely affects the quality of the dendrobium.
The dendrobium planting device greatly improves the dendrobium attaching efficiency; meanwhile, by optimizing the wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation mode of the tea trees and the dendrobium, the survival rate, the yield and the quality of the dendrobium are greatly improved, the yield per unit area of the tea garden can be greatly improved, and the method is suitable for large-area popularization.
Claims (9)
1. A wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for tea trees and dendrobium stems is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, coating protective liquid on both sides of the waterproof breathable film, wherein the protective liquid comprises a nano-Nayideye aqueous solution, an Ouchi aqueous solution and a Dakeling essence aqueous solution; a plurality of waterproof breathable films are attached to two sides of the root system of the dendrobium, and a gap is reserved between the adjacent waterproof breathable films on the same side;
step two, attaching lichens to two sides of the root system of the dendrobium, covering the root system with the lichens, and fixing the dendrobium coated with the lichens on the tea trees;
and step three, arranging a water applying device on the tea trees, wherein the water applying device comprises a water storage device and a water-absorbing cloth strip, one end of the cloth strip is positioned at the bottom of the water storage device, and the other end of the cloth strip extends to the top of the root system of the dendrobium.
2. The wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for tea trees and dendrobium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the Nayideza aqueous solution is 800-900 times of Nayideza diluent, the Ouiji aqueous solution is 200-300 times of Ouiji diluent, and the Dakeling essence aqueous solution is 600-700 times of Dakeling essence diluent.
3. The wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for tea trees and dendrobium according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the nano-Nalidai aqueous solution, the Ouchuangaqua and the Dacron essence aqueous solution are sequentially coated on the waterproof breathable film.
4. The wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for tea trees and dendrobium according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: and (4) after the dendrobium is planted for 3-4 months, drawing out the waterproof breathable film.
5. The wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for tea trees and dendrobium according to claim 1, 2 or 4, which is characterized in that: and removing the water applying device after the dendrobium is attached for 4 months.
6. The wild-imitating symbiotic cultivation method for tea trees and dendrobium according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: one side of the lichen attached to the dendrobium nobile is sprinkled with attapulgite powder, and the specific surface area of the attapulgite powder is 400-600 m2/kg。
7. A dendrobium fixed planting device used in the tea tree and dendrobium imitating wild symbiosis cultivation method of claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, characterized in that: comprises a connecting column and two planting mechanisms arranged in a mirror image manner; the planting mechanism comprises a roller pair group, a transmission part and a box body with an opening at one end; the box body is internally provided with a partition board which divides the box body into a plurality of liquid storage chambers, two opposite side walls of the box body are respectively a front board and a rear board, and two wall bodies between the front board and the rear board are side boards; the wall body connected with the front plate, the rear plate and the side plates is a right plate; sliding chutes are respectively arranged on the front plate and the rear plate near the opening ends, sliding plates are respectively connected in the sliding chutes in a sealed sliding manner, the pair roller sets are rotatably connected between the sliding plates and comprise a plurality of pair rollers, the pair rollers are attached to each other, and the pair rollers at two ends are attached to the wall body of the liquid storage chamber; the front plate is provided with a through limiting hole, the limiting hole is connected with a sealing plate used for hermetically separating the liquid storage chamber in a sliding manner, and the sealing plate is positioned between the sliding plate and the right plate;
the transmission part comprises a gear and a rack which are meshed with each other, the gear is rotationally connected in the arranging groove, and the rack is connected in the limiting groove in a sliding manner; the two racks are respectively and fixedly connected with the two ends of the sliding plate, and the racks and the upper end surface of the sliding plate are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
the open ends of the two box bodies are opposite and fixedly connected through a connecting column, an adhesive tape box and a storage box with an open end are fixedly connected to the two side plates of one box body respectively, the open end of the storage box is communicated with a gap between the two box bodies, the storage box is provided with a plurality of storage chambers from top to bottom, sleeve rods are fixed in the storage chambers, and waterproof breathable membrane coiled materials are sleeved on the sleeve rods; an adhesive tape is placed in the adhesive tape box; at least two fixing rods are arranged on the side plate, and the two fixing rods are located at two ends of the side plate and at the opening end of the box body.
8. The dendrobe field planting device of claim 7, wherein: the dendrobium fixed planting device further comprises a connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of sealing plates in the same box body, and the connecting plate is located outside the box body.
9. The dendrobe field planting device of claim 8, wherein: a rubber pad is arranged between the sealing plate and the side wall of the limiting hole.
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