CN110590356A - 钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料和3d打印制备钛酸锌陶瓷的方法 - Google Patents
钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料和3d打印制备钛酸锌陶瓷的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000012700 ceramic precursor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 diisopropyl titanate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZFFMLCVRJBZUDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbutane Chemical group CC(C)C(C)C ZFFMLCVRJBZUDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CSKRBHOAJUMOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-diacetylhexane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)C(C(C)=O)C(C(C)=O)C(C)=O CSKRBHOAJUMOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003122 ZnTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料和3D打印制备钛酸锌陶瓷的方法,该钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料由包括含钛源溶液和含锌源溶液的原料通过溶胶凝胶法制得,所述含钛源溶液包括双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯、表面活性剂和第一挥发性溶剂,所述含锌源溶液包括锌源、氨水和第二挥发性溶剂。本发明的浆料呈现剪切变稀的特性,非常适合3D打印。通过控制浆料中的钛和锌的比例不同,能够控制该浆料打印成型和烧结之后得到的陶瓷的相不同,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷技术领域,尤其是涉及钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料和3D打印制备钛酸锌陶瓷的方法。
背景技术
随着新一代移动通信技术的发展,对新型的高性能介电材料提出了更高的要求。传统的方法一般是通过改善介质陶瓷本身的成分和组织来提高其性能。近年来的研究表明,利用超构材料的思路对介质陶瓷进行结构设计也是一种非常有效的方法。通过对介质陶瓷材料进行周期性人工结构设计,可以实现自然界所没有的超常物理性质。但是,人工设计结构必须依赖于材料的精细加工才能实现,而陶瓷材料的精细加工一直是一个难点。
精细直写3D打印是一种以浆料挤出方式成型的3D打印技术,通过对浆料的流变学性质进行合理调控,可以制备特征尺寸在数微米至数毫米范围内结构复杂的三维器件。其中,浆料成型的关键在于对浆料流变学性质的调控,浆料必须具备合适的黏度、模量和剪切变稀特性,且足够均匀,才能够使其持续顺滑地从较细的针头流出而不堵塞针头,而且需要在成型之后具备足够的强度保证结构不坍塌。ZnO-TiO2系微波介质陶瓷具有较低的烧结温度和优良的微波介电性能,在诸多领域有着广泛应用。目前有采用基于钛酸四丁酯和钛酸异丙酯所制备的溶胶凝胶制备ZnO-TiO2系微波介质陶瓷,但是该溶胶凝胶的流变学性质不适合用于精细直写3D打印成型。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料和3D打印制备钛酸锌陶瓷的方法,该钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料非常适合用精细直写3D打印技术进行三维成型。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明的第一方面,提供一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,由包括含钛源溶液和含锌源溶液的原料通过溶胶凝胶法制得,所述含钛源溶液包括双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯、表面活性剂和第一挥发性溶剂,所述含锌源溶液包括锌源、氨水和第二挥发性溶剂。双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯作为钛源,该物质在水解之后形成的溶胶凝胶非常适合用精细直写3D打印技术进行三维成型。常见的溶胶凝胶法制备钛酸盐时多用钛酸四丁酯,但是钛酸四丁酯水解之后得到溶胶凝胶不适合用3D打印成型。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述第一挥发性溶剂和所述第二挥发性溶剂各自独立地选自乙醇、乙酸、丙酮、四氢呋喃中的任一种。使用挥发性溶剂的作用是,在浆料成型过程中,溶剂快速挥发使得浆料表面迅速固化,能够保持所成型的结构不坍塌变形。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述锌源包括氧化锌、乙酸锌、氯化锌、硝酸锌、硫酸锌中的任一种。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)或聚乙烯醇(PVA)。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述含钛源溶液中,双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯:表面活性剂:第一挥发性溶剂的质量比为1:(0.01~0.2):(0.2~5)。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述含锌源溶液中,锌源:氨水:第二挥发性溶剂的质量比为1:(1~5):(2~20)。氨水可以用来调节水解反应的速率,另一方面也可以起到辅助溶解锌源的作用。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述含锌源溶液包括锌源、氨水、去离子水和第二挥发性溶剂,此处氨水浓度为25~28%,锌源:氨水:去离子水:第二挥发性溶剂的质量比=1:(1~5):(0.1~5):(2~20),去离子水主要用来促进水解反应进行。
本发明的第二方面,提供上述的一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
制备含钛源溶液:取包含双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯、表面活性剂和第一挥发性溶剂的原料混合形成含钛源溶液;
制备含锌源溶液:取包含锌源、氨水和第二挥发性溶剂的原料混合形成含锌源溶液;
取所述含钛源溶液和所述含锌源溶液混合,在60~90℃搅拌形成溶胶凝胶。
本发明的第三方面,提供一种3D打印制备钛酸锌陶瓷的方法,包括采用3D打印对上述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料进行成型为胚体的步骤。
本发明的第四方面,提供一种钛酸锌陶瓷的制备方法,包括对胚体进行煅烧处理的步骤,所述胚体由上述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料成型制得,所述煅烧处理的过程包括以下步骤:取所述胚体,在350~500℃保温2~6h,然后在550~650℃保温2~6h,最后再升温至830~930℃保温4~12h。钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料中含有大量的有机物和溶剂,在加热过程中,溶剂挥发和有机物分解释放气体可能会对所成型的结构造成影响,因此采用多次分步保温排胶的策略,使得溶剂和残余有机物分解产物能够以足够缓慢的速度从样品内部排出,保证成型效果。
根据本发明的一些实施例,以0.25~1℃/min速率升温至350-500℃保温2~6h,然后以0.25~1℃/min速率升温至550~650℃保温2~6h,最后再以1-5℃/min速率升温至830~930℃保温4~12h。采用非常缓慢的升温速率能够进一步确保胚体形成效果,在600℃左右时,浆料中的有机物分解完毕,然后升温至830~930℃保温,最后自然冷却到室温获得具有精细结构的钛酸锌陶瓷。
根据本发明的一些实施例,在胚体进行煅烧处理之前还包括对所述胚体在60~100℃进行干燥的过程,较为理想地是在真空中进行干燥。
根据本发明的一些实施例,采用3D打印对上述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料进行成型为胚体。
根据本发明的一些实施例,选择内径为10~200μm的打印针头对所述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料进行精细直写3D打印成型。
本发明的第五方面,提供一种钛酸锌陶瓷,根据上述的钛酸锌陶瓷的制备方法制得。
本发明实施例的有益效果是:
本发明实施例提供了一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,由包括含钛源溶液和含锌源溶液的原料通过溶胶凝胶法制得,使用双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯作为钛源,该物质在水解之后形成的溶胶凝胶非常适合用精细直写3D打印技术来进行成型,得到的浆料呈现剪切变稀的特性,非常适合3D打印。通过控制浆料中的钛和锌的比例不同,能够控制该浆料打印成型和烧结之后得到的陶瓷的相不同,当钛和锌的摩尔比为1:1时,830~930℃烧结后可到六方结构的纯相偏钛酸锌(ZnTiO3)陶瓷;当钛和锌的摩尔比大于1时,830~930℃烧结后可到偏钛酸锌(ZnTiO3)和金红石TiO2复相陶瓷;当钛和锌的摩尔比小于1时,830~930℃烧结后可到偏钛酸锌(ZnTiO3)和氧化锌复相陶瓷。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中制备的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料的流变学性能图;
图2为实施例2中制备的钛酸锌陶瓷的XRD图;
图3为实施例2中制备的钛酸锌陶瓷的SEM图;
图4为实施例2中制备的钛酸锌陶瓷的太赫兹THz性能测试图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述,以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然,所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,基于本发明的实施例,本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例,均属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,按照以下步骤制备:
含钛源溶液的配制:将0.6g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,分子量55000)加入到8mL无水乙醇中,搅拌至完全溶解,再加入12.5mL双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯(75wt.%异丙醇溶液),混合得到含钛源溶液;
含锌源溶液的配制:将1.5mL 28%氨水和1.8mL去离子水加入到8mL无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,然后加入0.5g氧化锌粉末,搅拌至氧化锌与氨水反应至完全溶解,混合得到含锌源溶液;
浆料的制备:将含锌源溶液加入到含钛源溶液中,在80℃条件下进行水浴加热搅拌蒸发约1~2小时,直至形成凝胶。
图1为上述制备的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料的流变学性能图,其中(a)表示浆料的黏度随剪切速率的变化图,(b)表示浆料的弹性模量和黏性模量随剪切应力的变化关系图。从图1中(a)可以看到,当剪切速率增加到一定程度时,浆料的黏度随剪切速率下降,从图1中(b)可以看到,浆料的初始弹性模量大于初始黏性模量,当剪切应力增加到一定程度时,浆料的弹性模量和黏性模量随剪切应力迅速下降。该流变学数据说明浆料呈现剪切变稀的特性,该性质保证了3D打印过程中在施加一定压力时,浆料能够顺利从针头流出,而在浆料流出之后,浆料则恢复到初始高弹性模量的性质,同时再结合溶剂的挥发,能够使得成型之后具备足够的强度保证结构不坍塌变形。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种钛酸锌陶瓷,按照以下步骤制备:
取实施例1中制备的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料装入料筒中待打印;
3D打印成型:编写木堆结构G代码程序,介质棒间距设定为250μm,选择直径60μm的玻璃针头,压力设定为85psi,打印速度为5mm/s,对溶胶凝胶状钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料进行精细直写3D打印成型,得到胚体;
煅烧处理:采用多步保温烧结工艺对上述胚体进行烧结,具体为:以0.5℃/min速率升温至450℃保温4小时,再以0.5℃/min速率升温至600℃保温4小时,然后以2℃/min速率升温至850℃保温5小时,最后自然冷却到室温获得具有微米级精细结构的钛酸锌陶瓷。
图2为本实施例制备的钛酸锌陶瓷的XRD图,结果显示该钛酸锌陶瓷由偏钛酸锌ZnTiO3和金红石TiO2两相组成。图3为本实施例制备的钛酸锌陶瓷的SEM图,介质棒直径约35μm,间距约为140μm,具有微米级精细结构。图4为本实施例制备的钛酸锌陶瓷的太赫兹THz性能测试图,结果显示在0.5~0.52THz处存在带隙,带隙深度约-35dB,具有优良的太赫兹波介电性能。
对比例1:对比例1提供一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,制备过程与实施例1相同,不同之处在于钛源为钛酸四丁酯。
取对比例1中的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料按照本实施例中3D打印成型的步骤进行打印,结果发现,得到的胚体容易坍塌。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种钛酸锌陶瓷,按照以下步骤制备:
含钛源溶液的配制:将0.6g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,分子量55000)加入到8mL无水乙醇中,搅拌至完全溶解,再加入12.5mL双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯(75wt.%异丙醇溶液),混合得到含钛源溶液;
含锌源溶液的配制:将5mL 28%氨水和1.8mL去离子水加入到12mL无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,然后加入2.09g氧化锌粉末,搅拌至氧化锌与氨水反应至完全溶解,混合得到含锌源溶液;
钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料的制备:将含锌源溶液加入到含钛源溶液中,在80℃条件下进行水浴加热搅拌蒸发约2~3小时,直至形成凝胶,此时凝胶体积约为3mL,装入5mL料筒中待打印;
3D打印成型:编写木堆结构G代码程序,介质棒间距设定为200μm,选择直径50μm的玻璃针头,压力设定为60psi,打印速度为3mm/s,对钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体溶胶凝胶浆料进行精细直写3D打印成型,得到胚体;
干燥:将胚体放置于真空烘箱中60-100℃干燥12h;
煅烧处理:采用多步保温烧结工艺对胚体进行烧结,首先以0.5℃/min速率升温至450℃保温4小时,再以0.5℃/min速率升温至600℃保温4小时,然后以2℃/min速率升温至850℃保温5小时,最后自然冷却到室温获得具有微米级精细结构的钛酸锌功能陶瓷。
本实施例中,钛和锌的摩尔比为1:1,所得钛酸锌陶瓷经测定为纯相ZnTiO3。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种钛酸锌陶瓷,按照以下步骤制备:
含钛源溶液的配制:将0.65g聚乙烯醇加入到10mL丙酮中,搅拌至完全溶解,再加入12.5mL双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯(75wt.%异丙醇溶液),混合得到含钛源溶液;
含锌源溶液的配制:将12mL 28%氨水和2mL去离子水加入到20mL乙酸中,搅拌均匀,然后加入6.8g乙酸锌粉末,搅拌至乙酸锌与氨水反应至完全溶解,混合得到含锌源溶液;
钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料的制备:将含锌源溶液加入到含钛源溶液中,在65℃条件下进行水浴加热搅拌蒸发约6小时,直至形成凝胶,然后将凝胶装入料筒中待打印;
3D打印成型:编写木堆结构G代码程序,介质棒间距设定为250μm,选择直径90μm的玻璃针头,压力设定为60psi,打印速度为8mm/s,对钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体溶胶凝胶浆料进行精细直写3D打印成型,得到胚体;
干燥:将胚体放置于真空烘箱中60-100℃干燥12h;
煅烧处理:采用多步保温烧结工艺对胚体进行烧结,首先以0.5℃/min速率升温至350℃保温5小时,再以0.5℃/min速率升温至550℃保温2小时,然后以3℃/min速率升温至930℃保温9小时,最后自然冷却到室温获得具有微米级精细结构的钛酸锌功能陶瓷。
本实施例中,钛和锌的摩尔比小于1,所得钛酸锌陶瓷经测定为偏钛酸锌(ZnTiO3)和氧化锌复相陶瓷。
Claims (10)
1.一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,其特征在于,由包括含钛源溶液和含锌源溶液的原料通过溶胶凝胶法制得,所述含钛源溶液包括双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯、表面活性剂和第一挥发性溶剂,所述含锌源溶液包括锌源、氨水和第二挥发性溶剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,其特征在于,所述第一挥发性溶剂和所述第二挥发性溶剂各自独立地选自乙醇、乙酸、丙酮、四氢呋喃中的任一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,其特征在于,所述锌源包括氧化锌、乙酸锌、氯化锌、硝酸锌、硫酸锌中的任一种。
4.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,其特征在于,所述含钛源溶液中,双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯:表面活性剂:第一挥发性溶剂的质量比为1:(0.01~0.2):(0.2~5)。
5.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料,其特征在于,所述含锌源溶液中,锌源:氨水:第二挥发性溶剂的质量比为1:(1~5):(2~20)。
6.权利要求1至5任一项所述的一种钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
制备含钛源溶液:取包含双(乙酰丙酮基)二异丙基钛酸酯、表面活性剂和第一挥发性溶剂的原料混合形成含钛源溶液;
制备含锌源溶液:取包含锌源、氨水和第二挥发性溶剂的原料混合形成含锌源溶液;
取所述含钛源溶液和所述含锌源溶液混合,在60~90℃搅拌形成溶胶凝胶。
7.一种3D打印制备钛酸锌陶瓷的方法,其特征在于,包括采用3D打印对权利要求1至5任一项所述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料进行成型为胚体的步骤。
8.一种钛酸锌陶瓷的制备方法,包括对胚体进行煅烧处理的步骤,其特征在于,所述胚体由权利要求1至5任一项所述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料成型制得,所述煅烧处理的过程包括以下步骤:
取所述胚体,在350~500℃保温2~6h,然后在550~650℃保温2~6h,最后再升温至830~930℃保温4~12h。
9.根据权利要求8所述的钛酸锌陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,采用3D打印对权利要求1至5任一项所述的钛酸锌陶瓷前驱体浆料进行成型为胚体。
10.一种钛酸锌陶瓷,其特征在于,根据权利要求8或9所述的钛酸锌陶瓷的制备方法制得。
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