CN110586107A - 酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物析氧催化剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物析氧催化剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明涉及酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物高性能析氧催化剂的制备方法,具体涉及一种利用水热法先合成前驱体,再通过酸蚀刻方法将前驱体转化成有较大比表面积和更多活性位点的具有纳米片结构以及存在大量空位的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物电催化剂的方法,此方法所得到的具有纳米片结构以及存在大量空位的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物高性能催化剂具有反应活性高,导电性好,碱性条件下稳定性高等优点。本发明材料制备方法简易,设备简单;原材料价格低廉,重复性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物析氧催化剂的制备方法,具体涉及一种利用水热法先合成前驱体,再通过酸蚀刻的方法将前驱体转变成具有纳米片结构和存在大量空位的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物催化剂的方法,所得到的催化剂具有析氧活性高,导电性好,碱性条件下稳定性高等优点。
背景技术
具有比表面积大、暴露的活性位点多等特点的高效的催化剂是可以降低过电位的材料,其在燃料电池、太阳能电池、金属空气电池以及生产清洁氢燃料等方面有重要的应用。
众所周知,贵金属基催化剂是最有效的OER催化剂,但由于其功能单一,价格高和土壤丰度低,其开发和广泛应用受到了极大的限制。因此,开发用于析氧反应(OER)的高活性和稳定的非贵金属电催化剂对于有效的水分解至关重要。近年来,基于非贵金属的过渡金属(Ni,Fe,Co)化合物和合金由于其优异的理论催化性能,环境友好性和丰富的来源,成为水分解的有效催化剂。其中过渡金属氢氧化物因其成本低廉,来源丰富和良好的耐腐蚀性而在电催化领域获得了很多研究兴趣。但是,它仍然存在一些问题,例如厚的体积形式和活性位点的固有活性差以及活性位点的数量有限,通过大量研究工作,酸蚀刻可以将NiCoFe三元金属氢氧化物转变为纳米片结构,并存在大量空位,使得到的电催化剂具有更大的比表面积以及暴露更多的活性位点。因此设计和合成比表面积大和活性位点多的具有纳米片结构和存在大量空位的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物电催化剂有利于提高电催化析氧反应活性,增强导电性,更有利于氢清洁燃料的生产。
Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物作为析氧反应的电催化剂被广泛研究。然而,巨大的体积效应、活性位点的固有活性差以及活性位点的数量有限等限制了它的发展。酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物电催化剂由于具有纳米片结构以及存在大量空位,其比表面积增大,暴露的活性位点更多,从而使得电催化剂催化活性更高。因此,酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物可以显著的提高电催化析氧反应的活性。
对于Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物这一类材料而言,Ni、Co、Fe三种金属元素均被认定为催化活性中心,并且具有资源丰富以及成本效益,这在设计电化学高性能析氧电催化剂方面具有明显优势。到目前为止,通过酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物的方法未见报道。
发明内容
本发明涉及具有纳米片结构以及存在大量空位的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物电催化剂的制备方法,具体涉及一种利用水热法先合成前驱体,再通过酸蚀刻法将前驱体制备成具有较大比表面积以及暴露更多的活性位点的方法,所得到的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物高性能催化剂,具有析氧反应活性高,导电性好,碱性条件下稳定性高等优点,且易于批量生产。
本发明先通过水热法制备前驱体,再通过酸蚀刻法将前驱体制备成具有纳米片结构以及存在大量空位的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物电催化剂,其具体制备工艺为:
称取一定量的硝酸镍(H12N2NiO12)和硝酸铁(H18FeN3O18)以及硝酸钴(CoH12N2O12)溶于去离子水中,将氢氧化钠(NaOH)和碳酸钠(Na2CO3)同样溶于去离子水中,后将两种溶液混合剧烈搅拌,在80℃下水热反应48h,将得到的沉淀离心,在60℃下干燥24h,得到所需前驱体。称取前驱体200mg溶于去离子水中充分搅拌,并向悬浮液中加入2.0mL一定浓度的硝酸,室温搅拌30min,离心洗涤,在60℃下干燥24h。
所述的制备方法,其特征在水热法合成前驱体方法为:称取5.463g硝酸镍(H12N2NiO12)和2.517g硝酸铁(H18FeN3O18)以及0.604g硝酸钴(CoH12N2O12)溶于30mL去离子水中,将2.304g氢氧化钠(NaOH)和2.544g碳酸钠(Na2CO3)溶于30mL去离子水中,后将两种溶液混合剧烈搅拌,在80℃下水热反应48h,将得到的沉淀离心,在60℃下干燥24h,得到所需前驱体。
所述的制备方法,水热法将前驱体转变成具有纳米片结构以及存在大量空位的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物高性能催化剂的方法为:权利要求合成的前驱体(200mg)溶于去离子水中充分搅拌,并向悬浮液中加入2.0mL浓度为1-3moL·L-1的硝酸,室温搅拌30min,离心洗涤,在60℃下干燥24h。
本发明所涉及产品工艺简单易实现,产品质量稳定且工艺重复性能好,反应参数容易控制、安全可靠、原材料廉价易得,以及易于放大和工业化生产等优点;所制备的酸蚀刻的NiCoFe三元金属氢氧化物高性能电催化剂具有析氧反应活性高,导电性好,碱性条件下稳定性高等优点。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所示产物的扫描电镜(SEM)形貌照片;
具体实施方式
实施例1
称取5.463g硝酸镍(H12N2NiO12)和2.517g硝酸铁(H18FeN3O18)以及0.604g硝酸钴(CoH12N2O12)溶于30mL去离子水中,将2.304g氢氧化钠(NaOH)和2.544g碳酸钠(Na2CO3)溶于30mL去离子水中,后将两种溶液混合剧烈搅拌,在80℃水热下反应48h,将得到的沉淀离心,在60℃下干燥24h,得到所需前驱体。称取前驱体200mg溶于去离子水中充分搅拌,并向悬浮液中加入2.0mL浓度为1moL·L-1的硝酸,室温搅拌30min,离心洗涤,在60℃下干燥24h。得到酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物高性能析氧催化剂。电化学测试表明:其电流密度达到10mA·cm-2时,过电位仅有184mV,Tafel斜率较小为37.8mV·dec-1。
实施例2
称取5.463g硝酸镍(H12N2NiO12)和2.517g硝酸铁(H18FeN3O18)以及0.604g硝酸钴(CoH12N2O12)溶于30mL去离子水中,将2.304g氢氧化钠(NaOH)和2.544g碳酸钠(Na2CO3)溶于30mL去离子水中,后将两种溶液混合剧烈搅拌,在80℃下水热反应48h,将得到的沉淀离心,在60℃下干燥24h,得到所需前驱体。称取前驱体200mg溶于去离子水中充分搅拌,并向悬浮液中加入1.0mL浓度为1moL·L-1的硝酸,室温搅拌30min,离心洗涤,在60℃下干燥24h。得到酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物高性能析氧催化剂。电化学测试表明:其电流密度达到10mA·cm-2时,过电位仅有184mV,Tafel斜率较小为37.8mV·dec-1。
实施例3
称取5.463g硝酸镍(H12N2NiO12)和2.517g硝酸铁(H18FeN3O18)以及0.604g硝酸钴(CoH12N2O12)溶于30mL去离子水中,将2.304g氢氧化钠(NaOH)和2.544g碳酸钠(Na2CO3)溶于30mL去离子水中,后将两种溶液混合剧烈搅拌,在80℃下水热反应48h,将得到的沉淀离心,在60℃下干燥24h,得到所需前驱体。称取前驱体200mg溶于去离子水中充分搅拌,并向悬浮液中加入2.0mL浓度为3moL·L-1的硝酸,室温搅拌30min,离心洗涤,在60℃下干燥24h。得到酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物高性能析氧催化剂。电化学测试表明:其电流密度达到10mA·cm-2时,过电位仅有184mV,Tafel斜率较小为37.8mV·dec-1。
从本发明制得的具有纳米片结构以及存在大量空位的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物高性能析氧催化剂测试结果来看,本发明所制备的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物具有析氧反应活性高,导电性好,碱性条件下稳定性高等优点。
应当理解的是,对本领域普通技术人员来说,可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换,而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.本发明涉及酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物析氧催化剂的制备方法,具体涉及一种利用一步水热法先合成前驱体,再利用一定浓度硝酸通过酸蚀刻方法将前驱体酸蚀刻成具有纳米片结构和大量空位的酸蚀刻Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物析氧催化剂的制备方法。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在水热法合成前驱体方法为:称取5.463g硝酸镍(H12N2NiO12)和2.517g硝酸铁(H18FeN3O18)以及0.604g硝酸钴(CoH12N2O12)溶于30mL去离子水中,将2.304g氢氧化钠(NaOH)和2.544g碳酸钠(Na2CO3)溶于30mL去离子水中,后将两种溶液混合剧烈搅拌,在80℃下水热反应48h,将得到的沉淀离心,在60℃下干燥24h,得到所需前驱体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,酸蚀刻方法将前驱体转变成具有纳米片结构和大量空位的酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物的方法为:称取前驱体200mg溶于去离子水中充分搅拌,并向悬浮液中加入2.0mL浓度为1-3moL·L-1的硝酸,室温搅拌30min,离心洗涤,在60℃下干燥24h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,所得到酸蚀刻的Ni、Co、Fe三元金属氢氧化物析氧催化剂具有纳米片结构以及存在大量空位,电化学测试表明:其电流密度达到10mA·cm-2时,过电位仅有184mV,Tafel斜率较小为37.8mV·dec-1。
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