CN110550986A - Carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer - Google Patents
Carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110550986A CN110550986A CN201910880914.4A CN201910880914A CN110550986A CN 110550986 A CN110550986 A CN 110550986A CN 201910880914 A CN201910880914 A CN 201910880914A CN 110550986 A CN110550986 A CN 110550986A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer, which mainly comprises the following steps: preparing molasses, plant garbage and water into enzyme raw pulp according to a specific proportion, mixing humus soil, organic auxiliary materials and biochar into a pile, mixing the enzyme raw pulp with molasses water solution, and pouring onto a solid mixture matrix to enable the humidity of the solid mixture matrix to be 50-70%; covering and retting for 10-15 days, turning over for 1-2 times after the temperature is raised to 40-50 ℃, wetting the solid mixture with a liquid mixture of enzyme raw stock and molasses water after each turning over till the substrate humidity is 50-70%, and obtaining the finished product of the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer after the organic auxiliary materials are rotten. The rice carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer provided by the invention has the advantages that the used raw materials are all derived from plant-derived agricultural wastes, no chemicals are used in each link, the surrounding environment is purified, the wastes are utilized, the rice carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer has the advantages of environmental protection, safety, economy, high efficiency and the like, the requirement on professional skills of practitioners is not high, the rice carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer is convenient to popularize and use, and good social benefits and economic benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to a biological enzyme fertilizer, in particular to a carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer.
Background
In most rice production areas, on one hand, due to unscientific classification and utilization of production and domestic garbage, the garbage is in a disaster, and the quality of the living environment in agricultural areas is greatly reduced; on the other hand, due to the large application of chemical fertilizers and the over utilization of the rice field, the organic matters in the rice field are seriously lacked, the ecological system of the rice field is seriously degraded, the yield and the quality of the rice are greatly reduced, and even serious potential safety hazards of food appear. In fact, on the premise of scientific classification of garbage, various waste plants can be recycled to develop economic, safe and efficient bio-organic fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a safe, efficient and economic carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer prepared by utilizing plant waste resources in production and life and a simple preparation method thereof.
in order to solve the technical problems, the manufacturing process of the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer comprises the following steps:
I, preparation of materials
(1) Preparation of enzyme raw stock
Putting molasses, fresh and unmodified plant garbage with water content higher than 70% and water into a plastic barrel with a cover according to the mass ratio of 1:3:10, fully and uniformly mixing, tightly covering, opening the barrel every 1-2 days within one month, stirring once to soak all materials into liquid, removing gas, and tightly covering the barrel cover until no gas is generated; closing the barrel cover tightly in the second month, fermenting for 80-100 days until the pH value reaches 3-4, filtering and separating enzyme liquid and enzyme residues, and mixing broken enzyme residues with the enzyme liquid to obtain enzyme raw pulp for later use;
(2) Preparation of biochar
Taking a biomass material with the water content of less than 50 percent, burning the biomass material at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ until the biomass material is completely carbonized and the basic shape of the raw material can be seen in appearance, and crushing the biomass material into powder with the particle size of 0.8-1.2mm to obtain biochar for later use;
(3) Organic auxiliary material collection
collecting one or more of rice bran, rice hull, wheat bran or bean hull as organic adjuvants;
(4) Humus soil collection
Selecting a place where forest and bamboo garden plants are lush for breeding and have thick soil humus layer, sweeping surface sundries, digging out surface soil with the thickness of 5-10cm, and removing dead branches and non-rotten leaf sundries to obtain humus soil for later use;
II, preparing carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer
Uniformly mixing the humus soil and the organic auxiliary materials with the same volume with the biochar with the volume 2-3 times of the sum of the humus soil and the organic auxiliary materials in an empty space without direct sunlight and capable of sheltering from rain to obtain a solid mixture A; mixing the enzyme raw pulp with a molasses water solution with the mass concentration of 10% according to the mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a liquid mixture B; pouring the liquid mixture B onto the solid mixture A to ensure that the matrix humidity of the solid mixture A is 50-70%; and covering the substrate with leaves, dead branches or soil, retting for 10-15 days, turning the substrate for 1-2 times after the temperature is raised to 40-50 ℃, wetting the solid mixture A with the liquid mixture B after each turning until the substrate humidity is 50-70%, and obtaining the finished product of the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer after the organic auxiliary materials are rotten.
Further, in the step II of the invention, the solid mixture A is gradually piled up in a layering mode with the layer height of 25-35cm, firstly, the solid mixture A is paved on the ground at the height of 25-35cm, the liquid mixture B is poured onto the solid mixture A according to the dosage of 1-2L per square meter, and the liquid mixture B is poured once every one layer of the solid mixture A is paved, until all materials are piled up, and the humidity of the matrix of the solid mixture A is 50-70%.
Preferably, the plant garbage is fruits and/or vegetables; the biomass material is any one or more of a trunk, a branch or a coconut shell.
The environment-friendly enzyme prepared by fermenting fresh plant garbage contains various nutrient elements, abundant agricultural beneficial microorganisms, various functional enzymes and the like; the biochar prepared by burning and carbonizing biomass such as non-perishable branches, wood, coconut shells and the like at high temperature not only contains various mineral elements, but also has the characteristics of looseness and porosity and can increase the porosity of soil; straw powder, chaff, rice bran etc. are regarded as organic auxiliary material, and environmental protection ferment, biological charcoal, organic auxiliary material etc. are according to certain proportion intensive mixing stack retting fermentation, and the microorganism in the environmental protection ferment can propagate in a large number and fully combine with the matrix, can last, supply soil nutrient element, microorganism and enzyme balanced, satisfy the multiple demand of vegetation.
According to the invention, organic wastes in life and agricultural production are subjected to harmless treatment and processed into the organic bio-enzyme fertilizer, so that soil nutrients and beneficial microorganisms are effectively supplemented, meanwhile, the porosity in soil is increased, and the virtuous circle of a rice field ecosystem is promoted. The fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer during rice planting and is applied as an additional fertilizer during the jointing stage of rice, thus meeting the nutrient requirement during the growth period of rice.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. And (3) environmental protection: the raw materials used in the invention are all derived from plant source agricultural wastes, and the production and the use of the biological enzyme fertilizer can greatly reduce the production and the domestic garbage and purify the environment;
2. Safety: each link of fertilizer production and application has no use of chemicals, and is very safe for workers and ecosystems;
3. Economy: the biological enzyme fertilizer disclosed by the invention only needs to purchase molasses or brown sugar for preparing the environment-friendly enzyme at a lower cost, and other materials are all derived from local plants and agricultural wastes, so that the economic pressure in transportation or purchase is avoided, and the agricultural production cost can be greatly reduced;
4. high efficiency: the biological enzyme fertilizer has higher biological active components, can continuously exert fertilizer effect after being applied once, and achieves the effect of combining land utilization with land nourishing;
5. Universality: the preparation of the biological enzyme fertilizer has low requirement on professional skills of practitioners, can be mastered through demonstration and even dictation, and is convenient to popularize and use in wide areas.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The preparation process of the carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer comprises the following steps:
I, preparation of materials
(1) Preparation of enzyme raw stock
putting molasses, fresh and unmodified plant garbage with water content higher than 70% and water into a plastic barrel with a cover according to the mass ratio of 1:3:10, fully and uniformly mixing, tightly covering, opening the barrel every 1-2 days within one month, stirring once to soak all materials into liquid, removing gas, and tightly covering the barrel cover until no gas is generated; closing the barrel cover tightly in the second month, fermenting for 80-100 days until the pH value reaches 3-4, filtering and separating enzyme liquid and enzyme residues, and mixing broken enzyme residues with the enzyme liquid to obtain enzyme raw pulp for later use;
(2) Preparation of biochar
taking a biomass material with the water content of less than 50 percent, burning the biomass material at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ until the biomass material is completely carbonized and the basic shape of the raw material can be seen in appearance, and crushing the biomass material into powder with the particle size of 0.8-1.2mm to obtain biochar for later use;
(3) Organic auxiliary material collection
Collecting one or more of rice bran, rice hull, wheat bran or bean hull as organic adjuvants;
(4) Humus soil collection
Selecting a place where forest and bamboo garden plants are lush for breeding and have thick soil humus layer, sweeping surface sundries, digging out surface soil with the thickness of 5-10cm, and removing dead branches and non-rotten leaf sundries to obtain humus soil for later use;
II, preparing carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer
Uniformly mixing the humus soil and the organic auxiliary materials with the same volume with the biochar with the volume 2-3 times of the sum of the humus soil and the organic auxiliary materials in an empty space without direct sunlight and capable of sheltering from rain to obtain a solid mixture A; mixing the enzyme raw pulp with a molasses water solution with the mass concentration of 10% according to the mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a liquid mixture B; pouring the liquid mixture B onto the solid mixture A to ensure that the matrix humidity of the solid mixture A is 50-70%; and covering the substrate with leaves, dead branches or soil, retting for 10-15 days, turning the substrate for 1-2 times after the temperature is raised to 40-50 ℃, wetting the solid mixture A with the liquid mixture B after each turning until the substrate humidity is 50-70%, and obtaining the finished product of the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer after the organic auxiliary materials are rotten.
Further, in the step II of the invention, the solid mixture A is gradually piled up in a layering mode with the layer height of 25-35cm, firstly, the solid mixture A is paved on the ground at the height of 25-35cm, the liquid mixture B is poured onto the solid mixture A according to the dosage of 1-2L per square meter, and the liquid mixture B is poured once every one layer of the solid mixture A is paved, until all materials are piled up, and the humidity of the matrix of the solid mixture A is 50-70%.
Preferably, the plant garbage is fruits and/or vegetables; the biomass material is any one or more of a trunk, a branch or a coconut shell.
Example (b): the preparation process of the biological enzyme fertilizer is illustrated.
1. Material preparation
1.1 preparation of environmental protection enzyme
Putting molasses, fresh and unmodified plant garbage (fruits or vegetables) with water content higher than 70% and water into a covered plastic barrel according to the mass ratio of 1:3:10, fully and uniformly mixing, tightly covering, in the first month after barrel filling, opening the barrel and stirring once every 1-2 days to soak all materials into liquid and remove gas, and tightly covering the barrel cover when the plastic barrel is covered with the cover and the plastic barrel cannot bulge and deform to indicate that no gas is generated; from the second month, tightly covering the barrel cover, fermenting for about 3 months (80-100 days), adjusting pH to 3-4, filtering, separating enzyme solution and enzyme residue, crushing the enzyme residue, and mixing with the enzyme solution to obtain enzyme raw pulp.
1.2 preparation of biochar: selecting one or more of trunks, branches, coconut shells and the like with sufficient local sources and low economic value and biomass materials with water content of less than 50%, burning at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ until complete carbonization, wherein the burning time of the biochar is not too long, obtaining the basic shape of the raw materials when the biochar is viewed, cooling, and smashing into powder with the particle size of about 1mm for later use.
1.3, collecting organic auxiliary materials: one or more of rice bran, rice hull, wheat bran, bean hull and the like with sufficient local goods sources are selected as organic auxiliary materials for later use.
1.4 humus soil collection: selecting places such as forests, forests more than twenty years, bamboo gardens and the like which have good plant breeding and soil humus layers not less than 10cm thick, sweeping litters (such as unrotten leaves, bamboo leaves and the like) on the surface, digging out surface soil with the thickness of 5-10cm, and picking out sundries such as dead branches, unrotten leaves and the like for later use.
2. Preparation of carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer
selecting a space which is relatively empty but has no direct sunlight and can not be drenched by rain, mixing the prepared humus soil and the organic auxiliary materials in equal volume, adding biochar with the volume 2-3 times of the sum of the humus soil and the organic auxiliary materials, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid mixture A; mixing the prepared enzyme raw pulp with a 10% molasses water (or a brown sugar water solution with the same proportion) solution according to the mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a liquid mixture B; pouring the liquid mixture B onto the solid mixture A to ensure that the humidity of the matrix of the solid mixture A is about 60% (50-70%, and the matrix is obtained by pinching the matrix with hands and then sewing water without water flow); finally, local materials are used, the fertilizer pile is covered by leaves, dead branches or soil and the like to prevent water loss, the pile is retted for 10-15 days, the pile is turned for 1-2 times after the temperature is raised to 40-50 ℃, the liquid mixture B is used for wetting the solid mixture A after each pile turning, and the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer is obtained after organic auxiliary materials in the solid mixture are rotten.
The fertilizer pile can also be carried out in a layered mode, namely the solid mixture A is gradually piled upwards in a layered mode with the height of each layer being 25-35cm, the solid mixture A is firstly paved on the ground in the height of 25-35cm, the liquid mixture B is poured onto the solid mixture A according to the dosage of 1-2L/square meter, the liquid mixture B is poured once according to each layer of paved solid mixture A until all materials are piled, the humidity of the matrix of the solid mixture A is 50-70%, the solid mixture A is only needed to be pinched by hands and then the finger seam is visible without water flow, and the fertilizer pile is preferably 1.5m long, 1.5m wide and 0.5-1.5 m high.
The fertilizer pile can be spread for convenient storage and transportation, and the matrix is bagged for use after being dried by air.
3. application of carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer
according to the condition of the organic matter content of the soil, if the organic matter of the soil is more than 5 percent, the fertilizer requirement of the whole nutrition period of the rice can be met by applying the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer according to 6000kg/ha (hectare) and 3000kg/ha in the jointing stage during soil preparation; if the organic matter of the soil in the rice field is lower than 5 percent, the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer is applied according to 8500-9000 kg/ha and 6000-7000 kg/ha in the jointing stage during soil preparation, so that the fertilizer requirement of the rice in the whole nutrition stage can be met.
In 2017, in 3 months, the experiment and demonstration of rice planting according to the method in the Meng village sheltered and burned in the Meng Hai county of Dai nationality of Xishuangbanna have good effect. The test uses the treatment of applying the chemical fertilizer as a contrast, and the result shows that the rice planted by using the carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer according to the application method has lighter diseases, plump rice and bright color; on the contrary, the diseases such as false smut, sheath blight and the like are serious, many grains are shriveled and the color is dark when the fertilizer is applied. The rice planted by the conventional method (applying chemical fertilizer and pesticide) has rice yield of 519.14 +/-27.24 kg per mu and yield of 529.96 +/-16.0 kg by applying the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer, which indicates that the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer can be used for planting rice with higher yield and quality instead of chemical fertilizer and pesticide.
the invention provides an economical, safe and efficient rice carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, the carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer can be used for planting rice to replace the application of chemical fertilizers, and a series of farmland ecosystem degradation and food safety problems caused by the application of the chemical fertilizers are avoided.
Claims (4)
1. The carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer is characterized in that the preparation process of the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer comprises the following steps:
I, preparation of materials
(1) Preparation of enzyme raw stock
Putting molasses, fresh and unmodified plant garbage with water content higher than 70% and water into a plastic barrel with a cover according to the mass ratio of 1:3:10, fully and uniformly mixing, tightly covering, opening the barrel every 1-2 days within one month, stirring once to soak all materials into liquid, removing gas, and tightly covering the barrel cover until no gas is generated; closing the barrel cover tightly in the second month, fermenting for 80-100 days until the pH value reaches 3-4, filtering and separating enzyme liquid and enzyme residues, and mixing broken enzyme residues with the enzyme liquid to obtain enzyme raw pulp for later use;
(2) Preparation of biochar
Taking a biomass material with the water content of less than 50 percent, burning the biomass material at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ until the biomass material is completely carbonized and the basic shape of the raw material can be seen in appearance, and crushing the biomass material into powder with the particle size of 0.8-1.2mm to obtain biochar for later use;
(3) organic auxiliary material collection
collecting one or more of rice bran, rice hull, wheat bran or bean hull as organic adjuvants;
(4) humus soil collection
selecting a place where forest and bamboo garden plants are lush for breeding and have thick soil humus layer, sweeping surface sundries, digging out surface soil with the thickness of 5-10cm, and removing dead branches and non-rotten leaf sundries to obtain humus soil for later use;
II, preparing carbon-based biological enzyme fertilizer
Uniformly mixing the humus soil and the organic auxiliary materials with the same volume with the biochar with the volume 2-3 times of the sum of the humus soil and the organic auxiliary materials in an empty space without direct sunlight and capable of sheltering from rain to obtain a solid mixture A; mixing the enzyme raw pulp with a molasses water solution with the mass concentration of 10% according to the mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a liquid mixture B; pouring the liquid mixture B onto the solid mixture A to ensure that the matrix humidity of the solid mixture A is 50-70%; and covering the substrate with leaves, dead branches or soil, retting for 10-15 days, turning the substrate for 1-2 times after the temperature is raised to 40-50 ℃, wetting the solid mixture A with the liquid mixture B after each turning until the substrate humidity is 50-70%, and obtaining the finished product of the carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer after the organic auxiliary materials are rotten.
2. The carbon-based bio-enzyme fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the step ii, the solid mixture a is gradually piled up in a layered manner with a layer height of 25-35cm, firstly, the solid mixture a is paved on the ground with a height of 25-35cm, the liquid mixture B is poured onto the solid mixture a in an amount of 1-2L per square meter, and the liquid mixture B is poured once per one layer of the solid mixture a, until all the materials are piled up and the humidity of the matrix of the solid mixture a is 50-70%.
3. the charcoal-based bio-enzyme fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plant waste is fruits and/or vegetables.
4. The charcoal-based bio-enzyme fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the biomass material is any one or more of a trunk, a branch or a coconut shell.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114874050A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-09 | 常州大学 | Method for improving soil fertility by comprehensively utilizing environment-friendly enzymes and straws |
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| CN101857492A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-10-13 | 王秀波 | Bio-enzyme fertilizer |
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| CN107216227A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-29 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of apple special bio charcoal base microbe bacterial manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN107353164A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-11-17 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of fermented type charcoal base biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107935758A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-20 | 新邵南陌生物科技有限公司 | A kind of biomass carbon organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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2019
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101857492A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-10-13 | 王秀波 | Bio-enzyme fertilizer |
| CN105461463A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 于景成 | Environment-friendly biochar-based organic fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN106748439A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-31 | 灌云县东王集乡农业技术推广服务站 | Agricultural organic compost and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107353164A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-11-17 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of fermented type charcoal base biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114874050A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-09 | 常州大学 | Method for improving soil fertility by comprehensively utilizing environment-friendly enzymes and straws |
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