CN110547191B - Seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbage - Google Patents
Seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN110547191B CN110547191B CN201910803068.6A CN201910803068A CN110547191B CN 110547191 B CN110547191 B CN 110547191B CN 201910803068 A CN201910803068 A CN 201910803068A CN 110547191 B CN110547191 B CN 110547191B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of common head cabbage seed cultivation, in particular to a seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbage, which comprises the following steps: s1 steam treatment: smearing propolis with thickness of 1-3mm on the seeds, and treating in steam environment at 120-130 deg.C for 10-15 s; s2 dark culture: putting the seeds into a tissue culture medium A for dark culture; s3 oscillation process: placing the seeds in a nutrient solution to vertically oscillate for 10-20min, wherein the oscillation frequency is 100-; s4 light culture: placing the seeds in a tissue culture medium B for illumination culture; by adopting the method provided by the invention, the dormancy of the seeds can be rapidly and effectively released, the dormancy period is shortened to about 30 days, the seed germination is accelerated, and the seed germination rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of common head cabbage seed cultivation, in particular to a seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbage.
Background
China is a big world saline-alkali land, and the saline-alkali soil area accounts for about 1.03 percent of the national soil area, so that the saline-alkali land improvement causes the wide planting of the country and even the world, and the economic benefit of planting plants is the highest in a plurality of improvement measures. Therefore, the present applicant tried to improve saline-alkali soil by using common head cabbage.
The common head cabbage is a plant of cruciferae and brassica, is a variety of cabbages, is also called cabbage, pimple white, cabbage, lotus white, small iron heads and the like, has the characteristics of cold resistance, disease resistance, strong adaptability, easy storage, transportation resistance, high yield, dark green to green leaves, smooth leaf surfaces, thick leaf flesh, good taste, rich nutrition and the like, and is popular with consumers; the common head cabbage flower bolt is extremely rich in nutrition, the content of vitamin C is as high as 1040.00mg/kg (FW), the content of various mineral substances is high, the flower bolt is crisp, tender and delicious, the skin is removed when the flower bolt is eaten, the flower bolt can be eaten cooked or uncooked, and the fresh, tender and tasty flower bolt is eaten and has excellent mouthfeel. The common head cabbage is temperate in nature and climate, can resist low temperature and high temperature, the appropriate temperature in the common head period is 18-20 ℃, the adaptive temperature range is 7-25 ℃, but the common head cabbage is not suitable for being planted in saline-alkali soil, and the content of vitamin C in the common head cabbage can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a seed cultivation method for improving the salt tolerance of common head cabbages to solve the technical problems.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbages comprises the following steps:
s1 steam treatment: smearing propolis with thickness of 1-3mm on the seeds, and treating in steam environment at 120-130 deg.C for 10-15 s;
s2 dark culture: putting the seeds into a tissue culture medium A for dark culture;
s3 oscillation process: placing the seeds in a nutrient solution to vertically oscillate for 10-20min, wherein the oscillation frequency is 100-;
s4 light culture: placing the seeds into a tissue culture medium B for illumination culture.
The tissue culture medium A: 1/2MS +0.8mg/L6-BA +1.2mg/L LNAA +25g/L sucrose +5g/L agar.
The working conditions of the dark culture are as follows: the culture time is 5-8h, and the culture temperature is 15-25 ℃.
The nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-4 parts of calcium nitrate, 7-9 parts of urea, 1-2 parts of 6-BA, 1-2 parts of aspartic acid and 1.5-2.5 parts of activated carbon.
The tissue culture medium B: MS +0.5mg/LNAA +1.0mg/LIBA +30g/L sucrose +6g/L agar.
The working conditions of the illumination culture are as follows: the culture time is 18-20h, the culture temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 2500-.
Has the advantages that:
(1) by adopting the method provided by the invention, the dormancy of the seeds can be rapidly and effectively released, the dormancy period is shortened to about 30 days, the seed germination is accelerated, and the seed germination rate is improved.
(2) According to the method provided by the invention, the seeds can be subjected to steam treatment to open pores of the seeds, and the growth of harmful bacteria is effectively inhibited by combining dark culture, so that the germination of the seeds is facilitated; the oscillation treatment is combined, so that the permeation rate of the nutrient solution is effectively controlled, the balance of effective components in seed cells is ensured, and the permeability of the seeds is enhanced; finally, the content of effective components in the seeds is adjusted by utilizing illumination culture, the salt tolerance of the seeds is effectively improved, the activity of the seeds is excited, and the germination rate of the seeds is high and the dormancy period is short.
The invention uses propolis to smear seeds, effectively prevents the loss of effective components in the seeds, adds urea and active carbon in nutrient solution, and then cooperates with oscillation to change the crystal structure of the urea, so that the urea and the active carbon can be mutually matched, and the urea and the active carbon can be coated on the surface layers of the seeds to continuously absorb nutrients in soil for the planting of the seeds.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.
Example 1
A seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbages comprises the following steps:
s1 steam treatment: smearing propolis with thickness of 3mm on the seeds, and treating for 15s in 130 deg.C steam environment;
s2 dark culture: putting the seeds into a tissue culture medium A for dark culture;
s3 oscillation process: placing the seeds in a nutrient solution, and vertically oscillating for 20min, wherein the oscillation frequency is 300 times/min;
s4 light culture: placing the seeds into a tissue culture medium B for illumination culture.
The tissue culture medium A: 1/2MS +0.8mg/L6-BA +1.2mg/L LNAA +25g/L sucrose +5g/L agar.
The working conditions of the dark culture are as follows: the culture time is 8h, and the culture temperature is 25 ℃.
The nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 9 parts of urea, 2 parts of 6-BA, 2 parts of aspartic acid and 2.5 parts of activated carbon.
The tissue culture medium B: MS +0.5mg/LNAA +1.0mg/LIBA +30g/L sucrose +6g/L agar.
The working conditions of the illumination culture are as follows: the culture time is 20h, the culture temperature is 30 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 3000 lx.
Example 2
A seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbages comprises the following steps:
s1 steam treatment: smearing propolis with thickness of 1mm on the seeds, and treating in 120 deg.C steam environment for 10 s;
s2 dark culture: putting the seeds into a tissue culture medium A for dark culture;
s3 oscillation process: placing the seeds in a nutrient solution, and vertically oscillating for 10min, wherein the oscillation frequency is 100 times/min;
s4 light culture: placing the seeds into a tissue culture medium B for illumination culture.
The tissue culture medium A: 1/2MS +0.8mg/L6-BA +1.2mg/L LNAA +25g/L sucrose +5g/L agar.
The working conditions of the dark culture are as follows: the culture time is 5h, and the culture temperature is 15 ℃.
The nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2 parts of calcium nitrate, 7 parts of urea, 1 part of 6-BA, 1 part of aspartic acid and 1.5 parts of activated carbon.
The tissue culture medium B: MS +0.5mg/LNAA +1.0mg/LIBA +30g/L sucrose +6g/L agar.
The working conditions of the illumination culture are as follows: the culture time is 18h, the culture temperature is 25 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 2500 lx.
Example 3
A seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbages comprises the following steps:
s1 steam treatment: smearing propolis with thickness of 2mm on the seeds, and treating for 12s in steam environment at 125 deg.C;
s2 dark culture: putting the seeds into a tissue culture medium A for dark culture;
s3 oscillation process: placing the seeds in a nutrient solution, and vertically oscillating for 15min, wherein the oscillation frequency is 200 times/min;
s4 light culture: placing the seeds into a tissue culture medium B for illumination culture.
The tissue culture medium A: 1/2MS +0.8mg/L6-BA +1.2mg/L LNAA +25g/L sucrose +5g/L agar.
The working conditions of the dark culture are as follows: the culture time is 6.5h, and the culture temperature is 20 ℃.
The nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3 parts of calcium nitrate, 8 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of 6-BA, 1.5 parts of aspartic acid and 2 parts of activated carbon.
The tissue culture medium B: MS +0.5mg/LNAA +1.0mg/LIBA +30g/L sucrose +6g/L agar.
The working conditions of the illumination culture are as follows: the culture time was 19h, the culture temperature was 28 ℃ and the light intensity was 2800 lx.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 3 is that: active carbon and urea are not added into the nutrient solution.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that: the nutrient solution is not added with urea.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is that: activated carbon is not added into the nutrient solution.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 3 is that: propolis is not applied.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 3 is that: light culture was excluded.
Comparative example 6
A seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbages comprises the following steps:
s1 steam treatment: smearing propolis with thickness of 2mm on the seeds, and treating for 12s in steam environment at 125 deg.C;
s2 oscillation process: placing the seeds in a nutrient solution, and vertically oscillating for 15min, wherein the oscillation frequency is 200 times/min;
s3 dark culture: putting the seeds into a tissue culture medium A for dark culture;
s4 light culture: placing the seeds into a tissue culture medium B for illumination culture.
Test example 1
The common head cabbage seeds are treated according to the methods of the comparative examples and the embodiments, then salt stress treatment is carried out, and the salt tolerance of the seeds is observed, wherein the test method comprises the following steps: after the seeds are treated by the method of the comparative example and the embodiment, the seeds are placed in glass tissue culture bottles with 6 layers of filter paper and the diameter of 7cm, 40 cabbage seeds are placed in each tissue culture bottle, and the steps are repeated for 3 times; adding 3mL of NaCl solution with different concentrations (the concentrations are 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.2% respectively) into each tissue culture bottle, tightly covering the bottle cap, and growing for 4d in a 28 ℃ greenhouse under normal illumination (10000 lx); the number of the seeds which germinate for 1 time is recorded by uncovering every day, and the germination rate of the seeds is counted; the results are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 comparison of the germination rates of the common head cabbage groups
The test is carried out in 2017 at 6 months, common head cabbage seeds are treated according to the method of the comparative example and the embodiment, and the planting area of each area is 3m2(ii) a The planting method comprises the following steps: 500g of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied to each area, and after herbicide is sprayed, mulching films are covered, and then the mulching films are transplanted. After field planting, fertilizing for 5 times, and applying 30g of urea to each cell at the 1 st time; applying 30g of urea and 30g of phosphate fertilizer to each cell at the 2 nd time; applying 30g of urea and 30g of phosphate fertilizer to each cell at the 3 rd time; 35g of urea and 35g of phosphate fertilizer are applied every time at the 4 th time; applying 45g of phosphate fertilizer to each area at the 5 th time, and measuring the content of the vitamin C in 5 months in 2018 according to a 2, 6-dichloroindophenol titration method in GB 5009.86-2016 (determination of ascorbic acid in food); the folic acid content was determined by liquid chromatography according to the influence of cooking and storage on folic acid content of eight common leafy vegetables (published in 2018 by Liangying et al). The results are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2
Claims (3)
1. A seed cultivation method for improving salt tolerance of common head cabbages is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 steam treatment: smearing propolis with thickness of 1-3mm on the seeds, and treating in steam environment at 120-130 deg.C for 10-15 s;
s2 dark culture: putting the seeds into a tissue culture medium A for dark culture;
s3 oscillation process: placing the seeds in a nutrient solution to vertically oscillate for 10-20min, wherein the oscillation frequency is 100-;
s4 light culture: placing the seeds in a tissue culture medium B for illumination culture;
the tissue culture medium A: 1/2MS +0.8mg/L6-BA +1.2mg/L LNAA +25g/L sucrose +5g/L agar;
the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-4 parts of calcium nitrate, 7-9 parts of urea, 1-2 parts of 6-BA, 1-2 parts of aspartic acid and 1.5-2.5 parts of activated carbon;
the tissue culture medium B: MS +0.5mg/LNAA +1.0mg/LIBA +30g/L sucrose +6g/L agar.
2. The method for cultivating seeds of claim 1, wherein the dark cultivation is performed under the following conditions: the culture time is 5-8h, and the culture temperature is 15-25 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the light cultivation is performed under the following conditions: the culture time is 18-20h, the culture temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 2500-.
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