CN110541308A - 一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110541308A
CN110541308A CN201910868093.2A CN201910868093A CN110541308A CN 110541308 A CN110541308 A CN 110541308A CN 201910868093 A CN201910868093 A CN 201910868093A CN 110541308 A CN110541308 A CN 110541308A
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antibacterial
pure cotton
cotton fabric
long
sodium
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刘曰兴
陈凯玲
张国清
王玉平
李付杰
苏长智
于秉清
宋金花
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Yuyue Home Textile Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先将纯棉坯布进行前处理，再脱水，得到脱水后的纯棉面料。采用抗菌工作液将脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到抗菌纯棉面料。采用抗菌增效液将抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。抗菌工作液包括抗菌剂、碱性助剂和渗透剂，抗菌剂为硝酸铜、氯化铜、氢氧化铜、氯化锌、硫酸锌和氢氧化锌中的一种或者几种；碱性助剂为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵、氨水、磷酸钠和碳酸钠中的一种或者几种；渗透剂包括非离子渗透剂和/或阴离子渗透剂；抗菌增效液包括自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺类化合物。制得的面料抗菌效果好、生物安全性高、抗菌持久。

Description

一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域，尤其涉及一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平和生活质量的提高，具备抗菌功能的面料已逐渐为人们所重视， 在防止病菌对人体的侵害方面，正在起着极其重要的作用。因此，开发具有持久抗菌、抑菌性能的面料具有广阔的发展前景。
使用抗菌剂是开发抗菌面料的一个主要途径。目前抗菌剂主要有无机抗菌剂、有机 抗菌剂和天然抗菌剂三大类。天然抗菌剂和有机抗菌剂一般可通过浸渍、浸轧和接枝等方法，使抗菌剂吸附或固着于纺织品上而获得抗菌功能，但天然抗菌剂和有机抗菌剂的 抗菌效果和安全性无法得到保证，而无机抗菌剂因与纺织纤维的结合力较差，直接使用 仅能吸附在纤维表面或纺织品的交织点间，一经水洗就容易从纤维上脱落而降低、甚至 失去抗菌性。无机抗菌剂主要有银、铜、锌及其化合物，重金属离子通过与蛋白质的巯 基(—SH)反应，破坏细菌细胞合成酶活性，使细胞丧失分裂繁殖能力死亡，抑菌效果 较好，使用最多的是银离子抗菌剂。但采用银离子抗菌，银离子为人体不可代谢物质， 在身体内积聚对人体有害，且无机抗菌剂处理过的抗菌面料经多次水洗后，抑菌率下降 明显，难以保持持久高效抗菌。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，以解决经抗菌处理后的纯棉面料 抗菌效果差、抗菌不持久、生物安全性差的问题。
本发明提供的长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)先将纯棉坯布进行前处理，再脱水，得到脱水后的纯棉面料。
(2)采用抗菌工作液，将脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到抗菌纯棉面料。
(3)采用抗菌增效液，将抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。
其中：抗菌工作液包括抗菌剂、碱性助剂和渗透剂，抗菌剂为硝酸铜、氯化铜、氢氧化铜、氯化锌、硫酸锌和氢氧化锌中的一种或者几种；碱性助剂为氢氧化钠、氢氧化 钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵、氨水、磷酸钠和碳酸钠中的一种或者几种；渗透剂 包括非离子渗透剂和/或阴离子渗透剂；抗菌增效液包括自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺 类化合物。
可选地，抗菌工作液包括：0.01～5g/L的抗菌剂，0.04～20g/L的碱性助剂，0.01～1g/L的渗透剂；抗菌增效液包括：5～30g/L自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺类化合物。
可选地，渗透剂包括烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基硫酸酯钠、α-烯基磺酸钠、烷基萘磺酸钠、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠、胰加漂T、氨 基磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚醚、磷酸酯类化合物、醇类化合 物、酮类、醚类。
可选地，步骤(2)包括：将脱水后的纯棉面料加入溢流机或卷装机里，加入抗菌工作液，对脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌水洗处理；再依次进行热水水洗、冷水水洗，得到 抗菌纯棉面料。
可选地，步骤(3)包括：将抗菌纯棉面料加入排水后的溢流机或卷装机里，加入抗菌增效液，对抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌增效水洗处理；再将处理过的面料烘干，得到长效 抗菌纯棉面料。
可选地，步骤(2)中，抗菌水洗的浴比为1:1～1:10，抗菌水洗的温度为30～60℃，抗菌水洗的时间为15～60min；热水水洗的温度为70～100℃，热水水洗的时间为10～20min；冷水水洗的温度为20～30℃，冷水水洗的时间为10～20min。
可选地，步骤(3)中，抗菌增效水洗的浴比为1:1～1:10，抗菌增效水洗的温度为30～50℃，抗菌增效水洗的时间为10～30min；烘干温度为100～150℃。
可选地，步骤(1)中，前处理包括退浆、煮练、漂白和丝光。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明在制备长效抗菌纯棉面料时，先对纯棉坯布进行退浆、煮练、漂白、丝光等常规前处理，增加了棉纤维非晶区的数量，使抗菌因子更容易进入棉纤维非晶区内部，进而增加了棉纤维中可与抗菌因子反应的活性基团数量，大大增强抗菌效果。(2) 抗菌纯棉面料的面料表面含有一些未反应的抗菌因子，经过抗菌增效液处理，棉纤维表 面含有的未反应的抗菌因子与抗菌增效液中的自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺类化合物 反应，从而使抗菌因子牢度的结合在棉纤维上面，提高了纯棉面料的抗菌持久性。(3) 自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺类化合物经水洗反应后，分子化合物呈网状结构，将抗菌 因子牢固的锁定在棉纤维上面，进一步纯棉面料的抗菌持久性。(4)该长效抗菌纯棉面 料在重金属含量低的前提下，仍能保证持久抗菌效果、耐水洗。(5)抗菌工作液中渗透 剂加入更有利于抗菌剂渗透进入纱线内部，进而有利于进入棉纤维的非晶区。碱性助剂 与抗菌剂形成稳定的铜氨或锌氨络合物溶液，与纤维表面的羟基反应，将抗菌因子紧密 接枝在面料上。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能 限制本发明。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，以解决经抗菌处理后的纯棉面料 抗菌效果差、重金属含量高、抗菌不持久的问题。下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全 部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提 下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S010，先将纯棉坯布进行前处理，再脱水，得到脱水后的纯棉面料。具体地，前处理包括退浆、煮练、漂白和丝光等常规前处理，还包括针对特殊纯棉坯布的一些特 殊前处理，例如：轧酶处理就是为去除棉纤维里面存在的棉籽壳，黄斑，棉蜡等杂质， 这些杂质的存在会不利于面料染色，如果是白坯布的话会产生染不均匀现象。
步骤S020，配制抗菌工作液，抗菌工作液包括抗菌剂、碱性助剂和渗透剂。其中：抗菌剂为硝酸铜、氯化铜、氢氧化铜、氯化锌、硫酸锌和氢氧化锌中的一种或者几种。 碱性助剂为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵、氨水、磷酸钠和碳酸 钠中的一种或者几种。渗透剂包括非离子渗透剂和/或阴离子渗透剂。优选地，抗菌工作 液包括：0.01～5g/L的抗菌剂，0.04～20g/L的碱性助剂，0.01～1g/L的渗透剂。
采用抗菌工作液，将脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到抗菌纯棉面料。具体地， 该步骤包括将脱水后的纯棉面料加入溢流机或卷装机里，加入抗菌工作液，对脱水后的 纯棉面料进行抗菌水洗处理；再依次进行热水水洗、冷水水洗，得到抗菌纯棉面料。优选地，抗菌水洗的浴比为1:1～1:10，抗菌水洗的温度为30～60℃，抗菌水洗的时间为 15～60min；热水水洗的温度为70～100℃，热水水洗的时间为10～20min；冷水水洗的 温度为20～30℃，冷水水洗的时间为10～20min。
步骤S030，配制抗菌增效液。抗菌增效液包括自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺类化合物。渗透剂包括烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基 硫酸酯钠、α-烯基磺酸钠、烷基萘磺酸钠、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠、胰加漂T、氨基磺酸 钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚醚、磷酸酯类化合物、醇类化合物、酮 类、醚类。优选地，抗菌增效液包括：5～30g/L自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺类化合 物。
采用抗菌增效液，将抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。具体地， 该步骤包括将抗菌纯棉面料加入排水后的溢流机或卷装机里，加入抗菌增效液，对抗菌 纯棉面料进行抗菌增效水洗处理；再将处理过的面料烘干，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。优选地，抗菌增效水洗的浴比为1:1～1:10，抗菌增效水洗的温度为30～50℃，抗菌增效 水洗的时间为10～30min；烘干温度为100～150℃。
为了进一步理解本技术方案，下面结合实施例对本申请提供的长效抗菌纯棉面料的 制备方法进行具体地描述。
实施例1
本实施例1提供了一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S110，先将纯棉坯布进行退浆、煮练、漂白、丝光前处理，再脱水，得到脱水 后的纯棉面料。
步骤S120，采用抗菌工作液，将脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到抗菌纯棉面料。具体包括：
步骤S121，配制500L抗菌工作液，按照计算用量准确称量，使抗菌工作液中包括：0.05g/L的氧化铜，0.2g/L的碳酸氢铵，0.05g/L的渗透剂SA-3E。
步骤S122，将脱水后的纯棉面料加入卷装机里，加入抗菌工作液，对脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌水洗处理，再依次进行热水水洗、冷水水洗，得到抗菌纯棉面料。其中， 抗菌水洗的浴比为1:10，抗菌水洗的温度为60℃，抗菌水洗的时间为60min；热水水洗 的温度为90℃，热水水洗的时间为15min；冷水水洗的温度为25℃，冷水水洗的时间为 15min。
步骤S130，采用抗菌增效液，将抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。具体包括：
步骤S131，配制500L抗菌增效液。按照计算用量准确称量，使抗菌工作液中包括20g/L ACP。
步骤S132，将抗菌纯棉面料加入排水后的卷装机里，加入抗菌增效液，对抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌增效水洗处理；再将处理过的面料烘干，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。其中， 抗菌增效水洗的浴比为1:10，抗菌增效水洗的温度为40℃，抗菌增效水洗的时间为20min； 烘干温度为120℃。
实施例2
本实施例2提供了另一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S210，先将纯棉坯布进行退浆、煮练、漂白、丝光前处理，再脱水，得到脱水 后的纯棉面料。
步骤S220，采用抗菌工作液，将脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到抗菌纯棉面料。具体包括：
步骤S221，配制500L抗菌工作液，按照计算用量准确称量，使抗菌工作液中包括：0.1g/L的氢氧化铜，0.42g/L的碳酸氢铵，0.1g/L的渗透剂SA-3E。
步骤S222，将脱水后的纯棉面料加入卷装机里，加入抗菌工作液，对脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌水洗处理，再依次进行热水水洗、冷水水洗，得到抗菌纯棉面料。其中， 抗菌水洗的浴比为1:7，抗菌水洗的温度为50℃，抗菌水洗的时间为30min；热水水洗 的温度为90℃，热水水洗的时间为15min；冷水水洗的温度为25℃，冷水水洗的时间为 15min。
步骤S230，采用抗菌增效液，将抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。具体包括：
步骤S231，配制500L抗菌增效液。按照计算用量准确称量，使抗菌工作液中包括30g/L MFA。
步骤S232，将抗菌纯棉面料加入排水后的卷装机里，加入抗菌增效液，对抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌增效水洗处理；再将处理过的面料烘干，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。其中， 抗菌增效水洗的浴比为1:7，抗菌增效水洗的温度为55℃，抗菌增效水洗的时间为30min； 烘干温度为120℃。
实施例3
本实施例3提供了又一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S310，先将纯棉坯布进行退浆、煮练、漂白、丝光前处理，再脱水，得到脱水 后的纯棉面料。
步骤S320，采用抗菌工作液，将脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到抗菌纯棉面料。具体包括：
步骤S321，配制500L抗菌工作液，按照计算用量准确称量，使抗菌工作液中包括：0.2g/L的氢氧化铜，0.85g/L的碳酸氢铵，0.1g/L的渗透剂SA-3E。
步骤S322，将脱水后的纯棉面料加入卷装机里，加入抗菌工作液，对脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌水洗处理，再依次进行热水水洗、冷水水洗，得到抗菌纯棉面料。其中， 抗菌水洗的浴比为1:7，抗菌水洗的温度为35℃，抗菌水洗的时间为60min；热水水洗 的温度为90℃，热水水洗的时间为15min；冷水水洗的温度为25℃，冷水水洗的时间为 15min。
步骤S330，采用抗菌增效液，将抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。具体包括：
步骤S331，配制500L抗菌增效液。按照计算用量准确称量，使抗菌工作液中包括30g/L ACP。
步骤S332，将抗菌纯棉面料加入排水后的卷装机里，加入抗菌增效液，对抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌增效水洗处理；再将处理过的面料烘干，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。其中， 抗菌增效水洗的浴比为1:7，抗菌增效水洗的温度为40℃，抗菌增效水洗的时间为20min； 烘干温度为120℃。
按照GB/T 20944.3-2008纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分：振荡法，将实施例1～3中制得的长效抗菌纯棉面料测试抑菌率。将实施例1～3中制得的长效抗菌纯棉面料在 40℃水洗100次，然后按照GB/T 20944.3-2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分：振 荡法》测试抑菌率。结果如下表1所示。
表1长效抗菌纯棉面料的重金属及抗菌性数据
本发明对得到的长效抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌性能以及重金属含量检测，结果显示， 重金属含量合格的前提下，该面料对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制率≥99％，对大肠杆菌的抑 制率≥98％，对白色念珠菌的抑制率≥90％。经40℃、100次水洗后，对金黄色葡萄球 菌的抑制率≥97％，对大肠杆菌的抑制率≥90％，对白色念珠菌的抑制率≥85％(GB/T20944.3-2008纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分：振荡法)。
需要说明的是，在国内不要求生态纺织品时一般不检测重金属含量，只有企业要在 吊牌上挂生态纺织品标志的时候才检测重金属含量，婴幼儿标准＜25ppm，成人准＜50ppm。 上述的重金属含量合格的前提下指的是重金属含量＜25ppm的，符合婴幼儿标准。
以上所述的本发明实施方式并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里发明的公开后，将容易想到本发明的其它 实施方案。本发明旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由下 面的权利要求指出。

Claims (8)

1.一种长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)先将纯棉坯布进行前处理，再脱水，得到脱水后的纯棉面料；
(2)采用抗菌工作液，将所述脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到抗菌纯棉面料；
(3)采用抗菌增效液，将所述抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌整理，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料；
所述抗菌工作液包括抗菌剂、碱性助剂和渗透剂，所述抗菌剂为硝酸铜、氯化铜、氢氧化铜、氯化锌、硫酸锌和氢氧化锌中的一种或者几种；所述碱性助剂为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵、氨水、磷酸钠和碳酸钠中的一种或者几种；所述渗透剂包括非离子渗透剂和/或阴离子渗透剂；所述抗菌增效液包括自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺类化合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述抗菌工作液包括：0.01～5g/L的抗菌剂，0.04～20g/L的碱性助剂，0.01～1g/L的渗透剂；所述抗菌增效液包括：5～30g/L自交联型聚氨酯乳液和/或多胺类化合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，其特征在于，渗透剂包括烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基硫酸酯钠、α-烯基磺酸钠、烷基萘磺酸钠、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠、胰加漂T、氨基磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚醚、磷酸酯类化合物、醇类化合物、酮类、醚类。
4.根据权利要求1所述的长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)包括：将所述脱水后的纯棉面料加入溢流机或卷装机里，加入所述抗菌工作液，对所述脱水后的纯棉面料进行抗菌水洗处理；再依次进行热水水洗、冷水水洗，得到抗菌纯棉面料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)包括：将所述抗菌纯棉面料加入排水后的溢流机或卷装机里，加入所述抗菌增效液，对所述抗菌纯棉面料进行抗菌增效水洗处理；再将处理过的面料烘干，得到长效抗菌纯棉面料。
6.根据权利要求4所述的长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，抗菌水洗的浴比为1:1～1:10，抗菌水洗的温度为30～60℃，抗菌水洗的时间为15～60min；热水水洗的温度为70～100℃，热水水洗的时间为10～20min；冷水水洗的温度为20～30℃，冷水水洗的时间为10～20min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，抗菌增效水洗的浴比为1:1～1:10，抗菌增效水洗的温度为30～50℃，抗菌增效水洗的时间为10～30min；烘干温度为100～150℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的长效抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，前处理包括退浆、煮练、漂白和丝光。
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CN111395003A (zh) * 2020-03-07 2020-07-10 广东安之伴实业有限公司 一种抗菌纯棉面料的制备方法
CN111778713A (zh) * 2020-07-29 2020-10-16 愉悦家纺有限公司 一种持久抗菌纤维素纱的制备方法
CN112941898A (zh) * 2021-03-05 2021-06-11 鲁泰纺织股份有限公司 纯棉抗菌面料的制备方法

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Application publication date: 20191206