CN110735317A - 一种抗菌面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗菌面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110735317A
CN110735317A CN201810801278.7A CN201810801278A CN110735317A CN 110735317 A CN110735317 A CN 110735317A CN 201810801278 A CN201810801278 A CN 201810801278A CN 110735317 A CN110735317 A CN 110735317A
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tannic acid
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textile
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鲁月明
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Cixi Xingbang Textile Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
    • D06M11/56—Sulfates or thiosulfates other than of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
    • D06M11/59—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with ammonia; with complexes of organic amines with inorganic substances
    • D06M11/60—Ammonia as a gas or in solution
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D06M13/238—Tannins, e.g. gallotannic acids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
    • D06M2101/12—Keratin fibres or silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种是将单宁酸与金属氨络合离子生成的单宁酸金属络合物，结合于纤维上而赋于纺织材料或纺织制品抗菌防臭功能。本发明加工工艺简单，原料成本低，抗菌防臭效果强，耐久性耐洗性好，对人体皮肤安全无害，产品可用于内外衣裤、鞋垫、袜子、床上用品、装饰织物、地毯、医疗护理用纺织品、无纺布、麻袋、帐篷、帆布等。

Description

一种抗菌面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织领域，具体是一种抗菌面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，对纺织材料等的抗菌防臭加工的研究报道很多，所用的抗菌剂有季胺盐类、胍类、脂肪酸酯类、金属化合物等。但其中有的只适用于某种特定的纤维，有的试剂成本高，加工工艺复杂，有的抗菌防臭效果欠佳，有的耐久性耐洗性差。蚕丝织物穿着舒适，适合于制作内衣裤，但对蚕丝纤维的抗菌防臭加工很少见有报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种对蚕丝等多种纺织材料通用的抗菌防臭加工方法及其制品，且加工工艺简单，成本低，抗菌防臭效果强，耐久性耐洗性好。
本发明的加工步骤是：第一步将纺织材料或纺织制品在单宁酸溶液中浸渍处理，使单宁酸吸附在纤维上，浸后水洗；第二步将浸渍后的纺织材料或纺织制品再在金属氨络合离子溶液中浸渍处理，使单宁酸与金属氨络合离子生成单宁酸金属络合物并结合在纤维上，浸后水洗，烘干或晾干。第一步浸渍处理的一般条件为：单宁酸溶液浓度0.1～10％，浴比1∶20～1000，温度常温～90℃，时间10分～24小时；常用条件为：单宁酸溶液浓度0.5～5％，浴比1∶30～200，温度55～85℃，时间20～120分钟。第二步浸渍处理的一般条件为：金属氨络合离子溶液浓度0.005～2M，浴比1∶20～1000，温度常温，时间20分～24小时；常用条件为：金属氨络合离子溶液浓度0.01～0.2M，浴比1∶30～200，温度常温，时间30～180分钟。上述加工方法的第一步浸渍处理中，可用酸调节单宁酸溶液的PH值至2～4，使纤维吸附单宁酸的量增加，或者可缩短浸渍时间。上述加工方法所用金属氨络合离子为铜氨络合离子(Cu(NH3)2+4)，或者锌氨络合离子(Zn(NH3)2+4)，或者镍氨络合离子(Ni(NH3)2+4)，也可用银离子(Ag+)代替。上述加工方法，对能吸附单宁酸的纤维材料都适用，如蚕丝、棉、麻、毛、人造丝、锦纶等多种合成纤维和化学改性纤维。上述加工方法的实质是浸渍处理，具体加工的形式可以多样，例如对织物等的加工，也可以在染色机上按照织物染色的方式进行。铜氨溶液等对蚕丝、棉、麻、人造纤维有溶解作用，因此一般不宜直接处理这些纤维。本加工方法先使纤维吸附上单宁酸，再用铜氨溶液等处理。根据我们研究，纤维吸附单宁酸后，再在铜氨溶液中浸渍时，纤维受到单宁酸的保护，不会发生溶解，而是单宁酸与铜氨络合离子生成单宁酸铜络合物安定地结合在纤维上，使纤维或织物具有很强的杀菌抑菌能力。单宁酸和铜盐水溶液也能生成络合物，但与单宁酸和铜氨络合离子生成的络合物结构不同，且反应速度慢，生成量少。用本加工方法制取的抗菌防臭纺织材料及其制品，其特征是纤维分子中结合上单宁酸与金属氨络合离子生成的单宁酸金属络合物，纤维、单宁酸、金属离子三者的重量比为1∶(0.005～0.5)∶(0.001～0.20)。金属氨络合离子指铜氨络合离子，或者锌氨络合离子，或者镍氨络合离子，也可用银离子代替。抗菌防臭纺织材料及其制品具体的制取方法，可以直接用上述加工方法对织物、成衣等进行加工，也可先用上述方法对纤维进行加工，然后纯纺或与其他普通纤维混纺，最后制成产品。产品可用作鞋垫、袜子、内外衣裤、床上用品、装饰织物、地毯、医疗护理用纺织品、无纺布、产业用纺织品等。
本发明有如下优点：1.适用范围广：只要对单宁酸有亲和性的纺织材料都适用，如蚕丝、棉、麻、毛、人造丝、锦纶等多种合成纤维和化学改性纤维。2.加工方法简单：主要是两步浸渍工序。3.成本低：原料价格便宜。4.杀菌抑菌效果强：纤维上能多量安定地结合上单宁酸金属络合物，对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌有强烈的杀菌抑菌效果。5.属永久性抗菌防臭加工方法：耐久性耐洗性好。6.对人体皮肤无毒、无刺激、无过敏。7.处理后对纺织材料和纺织制品有增重效果。8.兼对纺织材料和纺织制品作了染色加工。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例，本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。
实施例1
1克蚕丝纤维浸入100毫升2％单宁酸溶液中，温度70℃，时间0.5小时，浸后水洗，再浸入100毫升0.1M硫酸铜氨水溶液中，常温，时间1小时，浸后水洗烘干。
实施例2
1克蚕丝纤维浸入100毫升2％单宁酸溶液中，温度70℃，时间0.5小时，浸后水洗，再浸入100毫升0.1M硫酸铜氨水溶液中，常温，时间1小时，浸后水洗烘干。
实施例3
1克蚕丝纤维浸入100毫升2％单宁酸溶液中，温度70℃，时间0.5小时，浸后水洗，再浸入100毫升0.1M硫酸镍氨水溶液中，常温，时间1小时，浸后水洗烘干。
实施例4
1克蚕丝纤维浸入100毫升0.5％单宁酸溶液中，常温，时间24小时，浸后水洗，再浸入100毫升0.05M硝酸银水溶液，温度50℃，时间24小时，浸后水洗烘干。
实施例5
1克粘胶纤维浸入100毫升1％单宁酸溶液中，温度70℃，时间1小时，浸后水洗，再浸入100毫升0.1M硫酸锌氨水溶液中，常温，时间0.5小时，浸后水洗烘干。
实施例6
1克棉纤维浸入100毫升1％单宁酸溶液中，温度70℃，时间1小时，浸后水洗，再浸入100毫升0.05M硫酸铜氨水溶液中，常温，时间1小时，浸后水洗烘干。
实施例7
10克棉-涤布，浸入400毫升2％单宁酸溶液中，温度70℃，时间2小时，浸后水洗，再浸入400毫升0.1M硫酸锌氨水溶液中，常温，时间1小时，浸后水洗晾干。
实施例8
1双锦纶袜子，浸入1000毫升1％单宁酸溶液中，温度70℃，时间2小时，浸后水洗，再浸入1000毫升0.1M硫酸铜氨水溶液中，常温，时间1小时，浸后水洗晾干。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明的范围内。本发明要求的保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。

Claims (4)

1.一种抗菌面料，其特征是：第一步将纺织材料或纺织制品在单宁酸溶液中浸渍处理，浸后水洗；
第二步将浸渍后的纺织材料或纺织制品再在金属氨络合离子溶液中浸渍处理，浸后水洗，烘干或晾干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法，其特征是：
第一步浸渍处理的常用条件为：单宁酸溶液浓度0.5～5％，浴比1∶30～200，温度55～85℃，时间20～120分钟；第二步浸渍处理的常用条件为：金属氨络合离子溶液浓度0.01～0.2M，浴比1∶30～200，温度常温，时间30～180分钟。
3.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法，其特征是：对织物的浸渍处理也可在染色机上按照织物染色的方法加工。
4.根据权利要求1所述的加工方法，其特征是在第一步浸渍处理中可用酸调节单宁酸溶液的PH值来增加纤维吸附单宁酸的量。
CN201810801278.7A 2018-07-20 2018-07-20 一种抗菌面料及其制备方法 Pending CN110735317A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021232870A1 (zh) * 2020-05-19 2021-11-25 华盛爽朗纺织品（北京）有限公司 一种含铜抗菌、抗病毒无纺布及其制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021232870A1 (zh) * 2020-05-19 2021-11-25 华盛爽朗纺织品（北京）有限公司 一种含铜抗菌、抗病毒无纺布及其制备方法

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