CN110521946A - 一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻及其制备方法；该猪皮冻的原料是：猪皮、当归、桃仁、红枣、枸杞、红糖、山楂和卡拉胶、魔芋胶、结冷胶、氯化钙、白砂糖以及香辛料辅料，结合中医理论配伍而得。本发明提供的原材料组成配比合理，所添各成分无毒副作用，安全可靠，功效明显，针对人群明确。摆脱了传统中药进食时的苦味和复杂的工艺，且产品以果冻包装的形式，易于携带，食用方便，口感良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物、医药科技的保健食品技术领域，具体涉及一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻及其制备方法。
背景技术
女性经期的不正常一直是一个大问题，让许多女性都为其烦恼，生活节奏愈发快速，社会压力逐渐增加，使得女性的注意力更加集中在工作上，不注重养生，导致长期熬夜，甚至昼夜颠倒，过快的节奏也让人们在饮食中愈发不注意—外卖、快餐食品遍布在生活中。使得女性经期不正常，皮肤也暗淡无光泽。
引起经期不正常的原因有很多，经期不正常的问题一直困扰着众多女性。故关于对调理经期正常这一方向具有广大的研究前景，更是具有一定的现实意义。
经期不正常的主要原因有：
①不良生活习惯：作息时间不规律和贪凉、经常吃补品、蹦迪和快餐、过度节食和嗜好烟酒、滥用药等；
②经期与凉的东西接触过多：与凉的东西接触过多会使盆腔内的血管收缩，导致卵巢功能紊乱，引起月经量过少，甚至闭经；
③情绪异常：长期的精神压抑、生闷气或遭受重大精神刺激和心理创伤，都可导致月经失调或痛经、闭经；
④激素分泌异常：如果体内的激素分泌出现异常，就会导致子宫内膜的增生达不到所需厚度，导致月经量少。
据已查到的资料，至此现代医学和中医学已研发出不少调节经期的药物和方剂，但其制作过程繁琐，工艺麻烦，服用不方便且入口味道也不佳。市场缺少一款方便携带、符合大众口味、功效明显的产品。
猪皮冻类产品是一种低脂肪、低热量和高蛋白的保健美容休闲食品。特别是用猪皮制成的水晶皮冻产品，脂肪含量极低，富含胶原蛋白，不仅具有美容、抗衰老及防癌等特殊功效，且色香味俱佳，质地富有嚼劲，开袋即食，适合旅游和休闲时食用，有着广阔的市场前景。
那么利用药食兼用资源、辅料与猪皮，按照中药配伍的原则结合，生产出一款改善经期不适，使经期趋向正常，起到养血调经、美容养颜的作用，且易于携带，食用方便，口感良好的产品，是市场急需的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷，提供一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻及其制备方法。本发明为皮冻食品，创新性地运用药食同源的概念，将健康护体的理念以人们喜闻乐见的零食形式传递，利用药食兼用资源、辅料与猪皮，按照中药配伍的原则结合，使制成的“猪皮冻食品”具有养血调经、美容养颜的功能，适用于月经不调、月经量少、闭经症状的人群，长期使用能使面色红润，经期调理正常。
食疗、药理的分析：
1.借鉴经典古方
选用桃红四物汤(出自《医宗金鉴》)加以改进。以活血养血、滋阴为主，辅以美容淡斑、行气。方中以强劲的破血之品桃仁，力主活血化瘀；以甘温之当归滋阴补肝、养血调经；山楂味酸性温，气血并行，化瘀而不伤新血；枸杞补气养血，延缓衰老；红糖具有补虚活血之功效；红枣全方配伍得当，使瘀血祛、新血生、气机畅，化瘀生新是该方的显著特点。
2.中医理论配伍
| 君臣佐使 | 药物 | 功效 |
| 君药 | 桃仁当归 | 活血化瘀、滋阴补肝、养血调经 |
| 臣药 | 红枣 | 助君药补气养血，全方配伍得当 |
| 佐药 | 枸杞山楂 | 气血并行、补气养血、延缓衰老 |
| 使药 | 红糖 | 补虚活血、活血化瘀、调节口味 |
具体配伍分析:桃仁活血化瘀，当归滋阴补肝、养血调经；而药相伍，主活血养血、滋阴，共为君药。山楂补气养血，全方配伍得当，为臣药。枸杞补气养血、延缓衰老，山楂味酸性温、气血并行，化瘀而不伤新血，俱为佐药。红糖具有补虚活血之功效，为佐使药。
3.现代药理分析
(1)桃仁是一种药食同源的中药，在我国资源丰富，分布广泛，生于海拔800-1200m的山坡、山谷沟底或荒野疏林及灌丛内。目前研究发现，其主要药理作用为祛瘀血作用、抗炎作用、抗过敏作用、镇咳作用。本产品主要利用祛瘀血作用。
(2)当归为补血第一要药，具有五大功效，分别是补血养血、活血祛瘀止痛、润肠通便、温经散寒、治疗虚寒腹痛。当归属于补血第一要药，可以治疗乏力、面色苍白无华、手指甲淡、失眠、心慌、舌质淡等血虚症状，尤其产后血虚效果更好；活血化瘀可以有效缓解痛经、跌打损伤所致的疼痛；润肠通便多治疗由血虚引起的便秘；温经散寒则多用于治疗女性手凉脚凉。
(3)红枣味甘性温、归脾胃经，有补中益气、养血安神、缓和药性的功能；而现代的药理学则发现，红枣含有蛋白质、糖类、有机酸、维生素A、维生素C、多种微量钙以及氨基酸等丰富的营养成份。
(4)枸杞中含有枸杞多糖、甜菜碱和枸杞色素。其中，①枸杞多糖是一种水溶性多糖，是枸杞中最主要的活性成分，成为国内外研究热点。其中又以枸杞多糖的免疫调节和抗肿瘤作用的研究最多。现已有很多研究表明枸杞多糖具有促进免疫、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、清除自由基、抗疲劳、抗辐射、保肝、生殖功能保护和改善等作用。②甜菜碱是枸杞果、叶、柄中主要的生物碱之一。枸杞对脂质代谢或抗脂肪肝的作用主要是由于所含的甜菜碱引起的，它在体内起甲基供应体的作用。关于枸杞甜菜碱的研究仅限于国内在含量的测定、提取工艺和对枸杞植物的生理作用(增强耐盐性)研究方面，关于枸杞甜菜碱的药理药效研究很少。③枸杞色素是存在于枸杞浆果中的各类呈色物质，是枸杞籽的重要生理活性成分。主要包括-胡萝卜素、叶黄素和其他有色物质。枸杞所含有的类胡萝卜素则具有非常重要的药用价值。很多研究已经证明枸杞籽色素具有提高人体免疫功能、预防和抑制肿瘤及预防动脉粥样硬化等作用。胡萝卜素是枸杞色素的主要活性成分，具有抗氧化和作为维生素A的合成前体等重要的生理功能。
(5)山楂是中国特有的药果兼用树种，具有降血脂、血压、强心、抗心律不齐等作用，同时也是健脾开胃、消食化滞、活血化痰的良药，对胸膈脾满、疝气、血淤、闭经等症有很好的疗效。山楂内的黄酮类化合物牡荆素，是一种抗癌作用较强的药物，其提取物对抑制体内癌细胞生长、增殖和浸润转移均有一定的作用。
(6)红糖的原料是甘蔗，含有95％左右的蔗糖。红糖性温、味甘、入脾，具有益气补血、健脾暖胃、缓中止痛、活血化淤的作用。老人对各种微量元素和维生素的摄入逐渐减少，平时应注意在饮食中补充，以维持正常代谢功能，延缓衰老。红糖虽然营养丰富，但也不能贪吃。建议老人每日摄入量为25克左右。患糖尿病的老人应避免；便秘、口舌生疮的老人，为了防止上火，可改吃点冰糖。另外，在服药时，也不宜用红糖水送服。
具体而言，本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
本发明涉及一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻，是由包括如下重量份数的组分熬制而成：
主料：猪皮100～110份，
辅料：当归35～45份、桃仁35～45份、红枣15～20份、枸杞8～10份，红糖8～10份、山楂8～10份、卡拉胶20～35份、魔芋胶10～15份、结冷胶0.5～0.6份、氯化钙0.3～0.4份、白砂糖7～10份以及香辛料0.1～0.15份。
本发明中的所述香辛料包括八角0.05～0.08份、姜0.05～0.07份。
本发明是以当归、桃仁共为君，红枣为臣，山楂、枸杞为佐，红糖作为佐使，再加上卡拉胶、魔芋胶、结冷胶、氯化钙、白砂糖以及香辛料辅料添入猪皮，制成的有养血调经、美容养颜功能的果冻形式的猪皮冻食品。
本发明还涉及一种前述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻的制备方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
A、原料预处理：选择符合食品卫生要求的、新鲜的猪皮，漂洗去污，刮去毛根，加入香辛料预煮去腥，用刀刮去皮下脂肪，根据工艺需要切成细条状；
B、药材提取：先取所述当归、桃仁、山楂、红枣、红糖、枸杞煎煮，得药液；
C、熬煮：以步骤A处理而得的细条状猪皮为原料,与所述药液同煮；
D、胶液混合：将所述卡拉胶、魔芋胶、结冷胶、氯化钙、白砂糖加入到步骤C熬煮的猪皮胶中，混合；
E、煮胶:选择最佳煮胶温度，在搅拌条件下煮胶；
F、调配:待步骤E制得的混合胶液降至预设温度后，加入调香包，恒温熬制，搅拌均匀；
G、杀菌：在82～87℃保持10～20min进行灭菌；
H、入模：趁热将杀菌后的混合液倒入模具并密封；
I、静置冷却。
步骤B中，所述煎煮为加水煎煮3次，加水量为加水至水浸满过药材，煎煮后滤出药渣，合并药汁，即所述药液。
优选的，所述加水量为药材重量的4～6倍。
步骤C中，细条状猪皮与药液的重量比为1∶2.5～3.5，熬煮时间为2～4小时。
步骤D中，复配胶与猪皮胶的复配质量比例为15∶85；所述复配胶为卡拉胶与魔芋胶的混合胶。
步骤D中，在混合胶液中，复配胶浓度为14～15wt％，结冷胶浓度为0.6～0.8wt％，氯化钙浓度为0.3～0.4wt％；所述复配胶为质量比为9:4的卡拉胶与魔芋胶的混合胶。
步骤E中，所述最佳煮胶温度为70℃～78℃，煮制8～12min。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
1)本发明的制备方法简单，当归、桃仁、红枣、枸杞、红糖、山楂和卡拉胶、魔芋胶、结冷胶、氯化钙、白砂糖以及香辛料辅料与猪皮制作，按照中药配伍的原则结合；进行科学加工，生产工艺可控，易于大批次制备；
2)本发明的产品是有调经美容功效的创新性的零食形式的猪皮冻食品，使加了药食同源成分的“猪皮冻”具有驱寒暖宫、排毒调经、养血调经、美容养颜的功能，适用于月经不调、月经量少、闭经症状的人群；长期食用能使面色红润，经期调理正常；
3)本发明的猪皮冻口感良好、低脂肪高蛋白，且食用者对猪皮冻的摄入时间、地点和方式不会受到任何限制，所添各成分无毒副作用，安全可靠，功效明显；
4)本发明的猪皮冻摆脱了传统中药进食时的苦味和复杂的工艺，且产品以果冻包装的形式，易于携带，食用方便，口感良好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干调整和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本实施例涉及一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻，其配方如下：
主料：猪皮100份
辅料：当归35份、桃仁35份、红枣8份、枸杞8份，红糖8份、山楂8份、卡拉胶20份、魔芋胶10份、结冷胶0.5份、氯化钙0.3份、白砂糖7份以及香辛料八角0.05份，姜0.05份。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
A、原料预处理：选择符合食品卫生要求的、新鲜的猪皮，漂洗去污，刮去毛根，加入香辛料预煮去腥，用刀刮去皮下脂肪，根据工艺需要切成细条状；
B、药材提取：先取所述当归、桃仁、山楂、红枣；红糖、枸杞按比例加水煎煮3次，加水量约为药的4倍，以水浸满过药略高为好，滤出药渣，取汁备用；
C、熬煮：以经过前面工艺处理后的猪皮丝为原料，与药液同煮，以药液淹没略高于猪皮为度,采用1∶2.5的猪皮药液比例进行熬煮，熬煮时间为2小时；
D、胶液混合：将预先准备好的复配胶(卡拉胶、魔芋胶)、结冷胶、氯化钙、白砂糖趁热，加入到猪皮胶中混合；
E、煮胶:选择最佳煮胶温度70℃，煮制8min，并不断搅拌；
F、调配:待混合胶液降至一定温度后，加入药材提取液以及调香包，恒温熬制一段时间，搅拌均匀；
G、杀菌：在82℃保持20min进行灭菌；
H、入模：趁热将混合液倒入模具并密封；
I、静置冷却。
实施例2
本实施例涉及一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻，其配方如下：
主料：猪皮106份
辅料：当归40份、桃仁40份、红枣9份、枸杞9份，红糖9份、山楂9份、卡拉胶27份、魔芋胶12份、结冷胶0.6份、氯化钙0.4份、白砂糖8份以及香辛料八角0.07份，姜0.06份。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
A、原料预处理：选择符合食品卫生要求的、新鲜的猪皮，漂洗去污，刮去毛根，加入香辛料预煮去腥，用刀刮去皮下脂肪，根据工艺需要切成细条状；
B、药材提取：先取所述当归、桃仁、山楂、红枣；红糖、枸杞按比例加水煎煮3次，加水量约为药的5倍，以水浸满过药略高为好，滤出药渣，取汁备用；
C、熬煮：以经过前面工艺处理后的猪皮丝为原料，与药液同煮，以药液淹没略高于猪皮为度,采用1∶3的猪皮药液比例进行熬煮，熬煮时间为3小时；
D、胶液混合：将预先准备好的复配胶(卡拉胶、魔芋胶)、结冷胶、氯化钙、白砂糖趁热，加入到猪皮胶中混合；此时，复配胶与猪皮胶的复配质量比例为15∶85；
E、煮胶:选择最佳煮胶温度75℃，煮制10min，并不断搅拌；
F、调配:待混合胶液降至一定温度后，加入药材提取液以及调香包，恒温熬制一段时间，搅拌均匀；
G、杀菌：在85℃保持15min进行灭菌；
H、入模：趁热将混合液倒入模具并密封；
I、静置冷却。
实施例3
本实施例涉及一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻，其配方如下：
主料：猪皮110份
辅料：当归45份、桃仁45份、红枣10份、枸杞10份，红糖10份、山楂10份、卡拉胶35份、魔芋胶15份、结冷胶0.6份、氯化钙0.5份、白砂糖10份以及香辛料八角0.08份，姜0.07份。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
A、原料预处理：选择符合食品卫生要求的、新鲜的猪皮，漂洗去污，刮去毛根，加入香辛料预煮去腥，用刀刮去皮下脂肪，根据工艺需要切成细条状；
B、药材提取：先取所述当归、桃仁、山楂、红枣；红糖、枸杞按比例加水煎煮3次，加水量约为药的6倍，以水浸满过药略高为好，滤出药渣，取汁备用；
C、熬煮：以经过前面工艺处理后的猪皮丝为原料，与药液同煮，以药液淹没略高于猪皮为度,采用1∶3.5的猪皮药液比例进行熬煮，熬煮时间为4小时；
D、胶液混合：将预先准备好的复配胶(卡拉胶、魔芋胶)、结冷胶、氯化钙、白砂糖趁热，加入到猪皮胶中混合；
E、煮胶:选择最佳煮胶温度78℃，煮制12min，并不断搅拌；
F、调配:待混合胶液降至一定温度后，加入药材提取液以及调香包，恒温熬制一段时间，搅拌均匀；
G、杀菌：在87℃保持10min进行灭菌；
H、入模：趁热将混合液倒入模具并密封；
I、静置冷却。
以上各实施例制得的“具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻”用法、用量与效果为：每日服1次，每次品尝1-2个；2个月内会改善经期不适，使经期趋向正常，色斑淡化，长期使用能使面色红润，经期调理正常。
综上所述，本发明选用药食同源成分与猪皮制得，使食品在具有养血调经、美容养颜功能时也加入皮冻的优良口感。适用于月经不调、月经量少、闭经症状的人群。食用时能明显改善症状，此发明无毒副作用，安全可靠，功效明显。摆脱了传统中药进食时的苦味和复杂的工艺，且产品以果冻包装的形式，易于携带，食用方便，口感良好。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻，其特征在于，是由包括如下重量份数的组分熬制而成：
主料：猪皮100～110份，
辅料：当归35～45份、桃仁35～45份、红枣15～20份、枸杞8～10份，红糖8～10份、山楂8～10份、卡拉胶20～35份、魔芋胶10～15份、结冷胶0.5～0.6份、氯化钙0.3～0.4份、白砂糖7～10份以及香辛料0.1～0.15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻，其特征在于，所述香辛料包括八角0.05～0.08份、姜0.05～0.07份。
3.一种根据权利要求1或2所述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
A、原料预处理：选择符合食品卫生要求的、新鲜的猪皮，漂洗去污，刮去毛根，加入香辛料预煮去腥，用刀刮去皮下脂肪，根据工艺需要切成细条状；
B、药材提取：先取所述当归、桃仁、山楂、红枣、红糖、枸杞煎煮，得药液；
C、熬煮：以步骤A处理而得的细条状猪皮为原料,与所述药液同煮；
D、胶液混合：将所述卡拉胶、魔芋胶、结冷胶、氯化钙、白砂糖加入到步骤C熬煮的猪皮胶中，混合；
E、煮胶:选择最佳煮胶温度，在搅拌条件下煮胶；
F、调配:待步骤E制得的混合胶液降至预设温度后，加入调香包，恒温熬制，搅拌均匀；
G、杀菌：在82～87℃保持10～20min进行灭菌；
H、入模：趁热将杀菌后的混合液倒入模具并密封；
I、静置冷却。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤B中，所述煎煮为加水煎煮3次，加水量为加水至水浸满过药材，煎煮后滤出药渣，合并药汁，即所述药液。
5.根据权利要求4所述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻的制备方法，其特征在于，所述加水量为药材重量的4～6倍。
6.根据权利要求3所述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤C中，细条状猪皮与药液的重量比为1∶2.5～3.5，熬煮时间为2～4小时。
7.根据权利要求3所述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤D中，复配胶与猪皮胶的复配比为15∶85；所述复配胶为卡拉胶与魔芋胶的混合胶。
8.根据权利要求3所述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤D中，在胶液中，复配胶浓度为14～15wt％，结冷胶浓度为0.6～0.8wt％，氯化钙浓度为0.3～0.4wt％；所述复配胶为质量比为9:4的卡拉胶与魔芋胶的混合胶。
9.根据权利要求3所述的具有养血调经、美容养颜功能的猪皮冻的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤E中，所述最佳煮胶温度为70℃～78℃，煮制8～12min。
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