CN110521903A - 一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜及其生产方法 - Google Patents
一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜及其生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110521903A CN110521903A CN201910743982.6A CN201910743982A CN110521903A CN 110521903 A CN110521903 A CN 110521903A CN 201910743982 A CN201910743982 A CN 201910743982A CN 110521903 A CN110521903 A CN 110521903A
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- Prior art keywords
- siraitia grosvenorii
- honey
- filtrate
- clearing lung
- effects
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Abstract
一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜及其生产方法,该罗汉果蜜包括罗汉果苷V、罗汉果总苷、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、甘露醇和水。其生产法方法为:(1)将罗汉果鲜果榨汁,收集果汁和果渣,冷水渗漉提取果渣,得渗漉液,合并果汁和渗漉液,得罗汉果提取液;(3)向罗汉果提取液中加入氢氧化钙,调节pH值至碱性,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得絮凝滤液;(4)向絮凝滤液中通入二氧化碳或空气,调节pH值至中性,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得中和滤液;(5)纳滤中和滤液,收集截留液,得脱盐液;(6)浓缩:将脱盐液用蒸发器减压浓缩,即成。本发明罗汉果蜜,色泽浅,口感与蔗糖极其相似;本发明生产方法工艺简单,成本低廉,适合工业化批量生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种罗汉果提取物及其生产方法,具体涉及一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜及其生产方法。
背景技术
罗汉果主要产于桂林市的临桂县和永福县,被人们誉为神仙果。罗汉果的果实含有罗汉果甜苷,是一种具有甜味的三萜烯葡萄糖苷,甜度最高比蔗糖甜300倍,但是不产生热量,是一种饮料、糖果行业的名贵原料,是蔗糖的最佳替代品。
罗汉果甜苷属低热量、高甜度、非营养、非发酵型的甜味剂,作为食品,是安全无毒的,在国家强制标准《GB2760食品添加剂使用标准》中规定,罗汉果甜可不限量用于各类食品。
常饮罗汉果茶可以防多种疾病,适用于痰多咳嗽以及百日咳患者饮用。罗汉果不仅是一种止咳化痰的中药,更是一种口味甘甜的茶饮,具体的功效包括:清热润肺、利咽开音、润肠通便、提高免疫功能、保护肝脏、抑菌、降血糖、抗肿瘤等。
国内对罗汉果提取物尤其是罗汉果果汁的研究,随着提取、分离技术的革新,已经日益成熟。
CN104661535A公开了一种甜汁组合物的制备方法,是以罗汉果鲜果为原料,经60℃以上高温水提取、澄清、阳离子交换树脂与阴离子交换树脂以及混合床脱色等步骤,得到罗汉果甜汁。该方法大量使用了阳离子交换树脂与阴离子交换树脂以及混合床脱色,实际生产中在树脂再生步骤将产生大量的污水,环境污染严重。
CN107969532A公开了一种罗汉果风味速溶饮品及其制备方法,是以罗汉果鲜果为原料,经破碎、60~100℃热水提取、澄清、超滤、层析、浓缩等步骤,得到罗汉果风味速溶饮品。该方法大量使用了蒸汽,在高温提取以及高温浓缩的过程中,蛋白质和糖类将发生“美拉德反应”,生成深色的聚合物,残留在产品中难以除去,既加深了产品色泽,又会对产品口感有不利的影响。
CN108094772A公开了一种罗汉果果汁制备方法,是以罗汉果鲜果为原料,经超高压酶解、超高压灭酶、压滤或离心、酵母处理、活性炭层析柱处理、超滤、纳滤等步骤,得到罗汉果果汁。该方法步骤繁琐、对设备要求高、生产成本高,不适宜工业化批量生产。
CN101283831公开了一种脱色罗汉果果汁制备方法及由所述方法制备的脱色罗汉果果汁,是以罗汉果鲜果为原料,经水洗、灭活、破碎、加酶提取、微滤、浓缩、树脂脱色、浓缩等步骤,得到脱色罗汉果果汁。该方法同样需要大量的脱色树脂,成本高昂,不适宜工业化批量生产。
CN1663469A公开了一种罗汉果果汁制备方法,是以罗汉果鲜果为原料,经沸水提取、离心过滤、加热沸腾使蛋白变性沉淀、脱除苦味物质、板框压滤、微孔膜过滤、纳滤浓缩等步骤,得到罗汉果果汁。该方法在沸水提取步骤,不可避免的将发生“美拉德反应”,生成深色的聚合物,且后续无脱色的步骤,无法得到色泽浅、滋味纯正的罗汉果果汁。
上述技术的侧重点,都是围绕罗汉果中的主要甜味成分——罗汉果甜苷——进行研究的。然而,罗汉果中还有一个重要的活性成分,一直被忽略,那就是甘露醇。
甘露醇在医药上是良好的利尿剂,可降低颅内压、眼内压及治疗肾药、脱水药、食糖代用品,也用作药片的赋形剂及固体、液体的稀释剂。甘露醇注射液作为高渗降压药,是临床抢救特别是脑部疾患抢救常用的一种药,具有降低颅内压药物所要求的降压快疗效准确的特点。甘露醇进入体内后能提高血浆渗透压,使组织脱水,可降低颅内压和眼内压,从肾小球滤过后,不易被肾上球重吸收,使尿渗透压增高,带出大量水分而脱水,用于颅脑外伤、脑组织缺氧引起的水肿,大面积烧伤后引起的水肿,肾功能衰竭引起的腹水青光眼。并可防治早期急性肾功能不全。
据文献报道,罗汉果含有的甘露醇成分有止咳、清肺的作用。因此,将罗汉果切薄片用开水冲泡,作为茶饮直接饮用,能够有效预防慢性咽炎及咽喉炎。
随着社会的发展,高密度人口的经济及社会活动必然会排放大量细颗粒物(PM2.5),一旦 排放超过大气循环能力和承载度,细颗粒物浓度将持续积聚,此时如果受静稳天气等影响,极易 出现大范围的雾霾。雾霾更深层次的危害,是还能影响人类的生育和婴幼儿的健康。专家称,在 胚胎和婴幼儿时期暴露在高浓度空气污染物的动物,相比较成年时期暴露在污染环境里的群体的 生育力有显著下降。
罗汉果是我国特有的一种植物,是卫生部首批公布的药食两用名贵的中药材,其本身具有清热润肺、提高免疫功能等诸多功效。因此,因地制宜,以罗汉果为原料,研制一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜迫在眉睫,意义深远。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是,克服现有技术存在的上述缺陷,提供一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜及其生产方法,该罗汉果蜜具有抗霾清肺功效,且蜜气味纯正,滋味甜美,口感饱和、无苦涩味和金属味,口感与蔗糖极其相似;该生产方法中无脱色步骤,无需使用脱色树脂,蒸汽的用量少,且工艺简单,可操作性强,成本低廉,适合工业化批量生产。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案如下:
一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜,包括罗汉果苷V、罗汉果总苷、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、甘露醇和水。
优选的,包括0.1~15.0份罗汉果苷V、0.15~30.0份罗汉果总苷、5.0~30.0份葡萄糖、5.0~30.0份果糖、0.1~30份蔗糖、0.1~15.0份甘露醇和20~60份水。
优选的,所述罗汉果蜜提取自罗汉果鲜果,按重量计,其包括:3.0~5.0份罗汉果苷V、5.0~7.0份罗汉果总苷、20.0~25.0份葡萄糖、10.0~15.0份果糖、10~15份蔗糖、2~3份甘露醇和25~53份水。
所述“罗汉果总苷”包括罗汉果苷V,且还包括罗汉果11-氧基苷V、罗汉果苷III、罗汉果苷IV、赛门苷等罗汉果苷中的一种或多种。
本发明具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜的组分原料,均可通过常规商业途径得到。因此,其制备,可以按所述组分、配比,称取各原料组分,混配而成。但优选本发明下述生产法方法。
本发明具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)榨汁与渗漉:将罗汉果鲜果榨汁,只破果壳、不破果籽,分别收集果汁和果渣;然后采用冷水对果渣进行渗漉提取,得渗漉液;合并鲜果果汁和渗漉液,得罗汉果提取液;优选采用挤压式榨汁机榨汁;
(2)絮凝与灭酶:向罗汉果提取液中加入氢氧化钙,调节pH值至碱性,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得絮凝滤液;
(3)中和与沉淀:往絮凝滤液中通入二氧化碳或空气,调节pH值至中性,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得中和滤液;
(4)脱盐:将中和滤液用纳滤膜过滤,收集截留液,得脱盐液;
(5)浓缩:将脱盐液用蒸发器减压浓缩,得所述罗汉果蜜;所述蒸发器优选采用五效降膜式蒸发器。
优选采用挤压式榨汁机榨汁,榨汁过程无需加热,是收集罗汉果汁以及其中的水溶性成分最为节能的方法;榨汁的过程只破果壳、不破果籽,能够确保在果汁绝大部分榨出的同时,还可避免罗汉果籽被破碎后释放的不良风味物质(苦、涩味)以及色素等成分混入果汁,影响最终产品的口感和风味;将罗汉果果壳和果籽用冷水渗漉提取的目的,是将榨汁后的果渣——罗汉果果壳和果籽——表面残留的甜苷及其他水溶性成分浸出,以确保甜苷及其他水溶性成分的得率。
优选的,步骤(1)中,所述冷水的温度为0~30℃。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述冷水的用量为罗汉果鲜果重量的0.5~1.2倍,渗漉的流速为0.2~1.2 BV/小时。渗漉过程中,若纯水的用量过少或渗漉的流速过快,都将导致罗汉果果壳和果籽表面残留的甜苷及其他水溶性成分无法彻底浸出,造成得率偏低;若纯水的用量过多或渗漉的流速过慢,都将造成物料和能源的浪费。更为优选的,步骤(1)中,所述冷水的用量为罗汉果鲜果重量的0.8~1倍,所述渗漉液的流速为0.6~1.0BV/h。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述氢氧化钙的用量为罗汉果鲜果重量的0.01%~10%,调节pH值为8.6~13.0。加入氢氧化钙,目的之一是将罗汉果提取液中的果胶絮凝并沉淀;目的之二是将罗汉果提取液中的多肽、蛋白质和酶类等成分变性并沉淀,除去罗汉果鲜果本身的生涩味。若氢氧化钙的用量过少或调节的pH值过低,都无法达到上述目的;若氢氧化钙的用量过多或调节的pH值过高,都将造成物料和能源的浪费。
更为优选的,步骤(2)中,所述氢氧化钙的用量为罗汉果鲜果重量的2~4%,调节pH值为11.5~12.5。
优选地,步骤(3)中,所述通入二氧化碳或空气调节的pH值为6.5~8.5。使用二氧化碳或空气调节pH值至中性,目的之一是中和絮凝液液中的碱;目的之二是使絮凝液中游离的钙离子转化为碳酸钙沉淀,从而减小后续脱盐步骤的处理量。若调节的pH值过高,将无法达到上述目的;若调节的pH值过低,不但会造成物料和能源的浪费,生成的碳酸钙沉淀还将与过量的二氧化碳反应生成溶于水的碳酸氢钙,同样无法达到上述目的。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述纳滤膜的截留分子量为80~250Da,过滤的压力为0.5~1.2MPa,纳滤至截留液中的电导率为0.1~20us/cm(25℃)。使用纳滤膜过滤的目的,是除去中和滤液中的盐分。若纳滤膜的截留分子量过小、过滤的压力过低或纳滤截留液的电导率过高,都不能将盐分彻底的除去;若纳滤膜的截留分子量过大或过滤的压力过高,都有可能导致罗汉果中的水溶性成分(糖类等有机物)透过纳滤膜,造成罗汉果蜜的得率偏低。
更为优选的,步骤(4)中,所述纳滤膜的截留分子量为100~200Da,过滤的压力为0.6~1MPa。优选地,步骤(5)中,所述五效降膜式蒸发器的首效和末效蒸发温度依次为60~65℃、40~45℃。使用五效降膜式蒸发器的目的是,节约蒸汽能耗,在低温下、短时间完成浓缩的过程,防止浓缩过程中,罗汉果蜜中的风味成分因长时间在高温下发生糊化、焦化或分解,最大程度的保留罗汉果蜜的良好风味。
所述具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜或所述生产方法制备的罗汉果蜜在制备食品、药品、调味品、保健品、化妆品和/或香精香料中的应用。本发明方法的机理:采用只破果壳、不破果籽的“挤压式榨汁”以及“冷水渗漉”结合的提取方式,使得罗汉果鲜果中的水溶性成分浸出率高,但是色素的浸出极少;此外,整个工艺过程无高温提取、高温蒸煮或高温浓缩的步骤,罗汉果浸出物中的蛋白质、多肽等不可能与糖类发生“美拉德反应”,生成深色的聚合物,因此,本发明方法不需要脱色,就可以得到色泽浅、澄清透明的罗汉果蜜。
本发明的有益效果如下:
(1)本发明罗汉果蜜不仅包括罗汉果苷V、罗汉果总苷、蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖等甜味物质,还包括具有本身清肺作用的甘露醇,研究发现,本发明的罗汉果蜜相比于同剂量的甘露醇,具有更为优异清肺作用,且还具有优异的抗霾作用;
(2)使用本发明方法生产的罗汉果密呈无色、淡黄色或棕黄色的澄清透明浓稠液体,无需脱色,避免了脱色树脂的使用,降低了生产成本,且避免了脱色树脂再生过程产生大量的污水;
(3)本发明生产方法的优选方案中,“挤压式榨汁”与“冷水渗漉”两种提取方式的结合,以及五效降膜式蒸发器的运用,使得生产过程中蒸汽的用量极少,大幅度的节约了能耗;
(4)本发明方法生产的罗汉果蜜,含多种营养物质如罗汉果苷V、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖以及甘露醇等,具有抗霾清肺的功效,可应用于食品、药品、调味品、保健品、化妆品和香精香料中,且其色泽浅,气味纯正,滋味甜美,口感饱和、无苦涩味和金属味,口感与蔗糖极其相似,也可直接食用;
(5)本发明生产方法工艺简单,可操作性强,成本低廉,安全环保,适合工业化批量生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明实施例采用的罗汉果鲜果在榨汁前经挑拣和清洗步骤,挑拣的标准为:选择完整且糖化完全的罗汉果鲜果。
本发明实施例所用的罗汉果鲜果,购于湖南华诚生物资源股份有限公司有机罗汉果种植基地,其中,罗汉果苷V的含量为0.47%;实施例4和对比例1、2中,使用的罗汉果苷V和罗汉果总苷均购买于湖南华诚生物资源有限公司。
本发明实施例所使用的化学试剂,如无特殊说明,均通过常规商业途径获得。
实施例中,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)外标法测定罗汉果苷V和总苷的含量,采用HPLC示差折光检测器检测糖类和甘露醇的含量,采用电导率测定仪测定电导率。
实施例1
本实施例包括以下步骤:
(1)榨汁与渗漉:将罗汉果鲜果(1000kg)用挤压式榨汁机榨汁,只破果壳、不破果籽,收集果汁;将罗汉果果渣投入渗漉器中,用1000kg冷水(20℃)渗漉提取,渗漉的流速为1.0BV/小时,得渗漉液;合并果汁和渗漉液,得罗汉果提取液;
(2)絮凝与灭酶:向罗汉果提取液中加入20kg氢氧化钙,调节pH值至11.5,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得絮凝滤液;
(3)中和与沉淀:向絮凝滤液中通入二氧化碳,调节pH值至7.0,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得中和滤液;
(4)脱盐:将中和滤液用截留分子量为100Da的纳滤膜过滤,过滤的压力为1.0MPa,直至纳滤截留液中的电导率为10us/cm(25℃),停止过滤。收集纳滤膜截留液,得脱盐液;
(5)浓缩:将脱盐液用五效降膜式蒸发器减压浓缩,五效降膜式蒸发器的首效和末效蒸发温度依次为63℃、45℃,浓缩至固形物的质量百分含量为70.3%,得罗汉果蜜99.2kg。
该罗汉果蜜为淡黄色、澄清透明的浓稠液体。经检测,罗汉果苷V的含量为4.50%,罗汉果总苷的含量为7.05%,葡萄糖的含量为23.5%,果糖的含量为19.3%,蔗糖的含量为13.1%,甘露醇的含量为3.2%,水的含量为29.7%。
实施例2
本实施例包括以下步骤:
(1)榨汁与渗漉:将罗汉果鲜果(2000kg)在室温下用挤压式榨汁机榨汁,只破果壳、不破果籽,收集果汁;将果渣投入渗漉器中,用1600kg冷水(25℃)渗漉提取,渗漉的流速为0.6BV/小时,得渗漉液;合并果汁和渗漉液,得罗汉果提取液;
(2)絮凝与灭酶:向罗汉果提取液中加入80kg氢氧化钙,调节pH值至12.5,产生大量沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得絮凝滤液;
(3)中和与沉淀:向絮凝滤液中通入空气,调节pH值至8.2,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得中和滤液;
(4)脱盐:将中和滤液用截留分子量为200Da的纳滤膜过滤,过滤的压力为0.6MPa,直至纳滤截留液中的电导率为20us/cm(25℃),停止过滤,收集纳滤膜截留液,得脱盐液。
(5)浓缩:将脱盐液用五效降膜式蒸发器减压浓缩,五效降膜式蒸发器的首效和末效蒸发温度依次为62℃、40℃,浓缩至固形物的含量为68.5%,得罗汉果蜜226.4kg。
该罗汉果蜜为棕黄色、澄清透明的浓稠液体。经检测,罗汉果苷V的含量为3.82%,罗汉果总苷的含量为6.11%,葡萄糖的含量为22.6%,果糖的含量为18.1%,蔗糖的含量为11.5%,甘露醇的含量为2.8%,水的含量为31.5%。
实施例3
本实施例包括以下步骤:
(1)榨汁与渗漉:将罗汉果鲜果(1500kg)用挤压式榨汁机榨汁,只破果壳、不破果籽,收集果汁;将果壳投入渗漉器中,用1500kg冷水(5℃)渗漉提取,渗漉的流速为0.8 BV/小时,得渗漉液;合并果汁和渗漉液,得罗汉果提取液。
(2)絮凝与灭酶:往罗汉果提取液中加入50kg氢氧化钙,调节pH值至12.0,产生大量沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得絮凝滤液。
(3)中和与沉淀:往絮凝滤液中通入二氧化碳气体,调节pH值至7.5,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得中和滤液。
(4)脱盐:将中和滤液用截留分子量为150Da的纳滤膜过滤,过滤的压力为0.9MPa,直至纳滤截留液中的电导率为15us/cm(25℃),停止过滤,收集纳滤膜截留液,得脱盐液。
(5)浓缩:将脱盐液用五效降膜式蒸发器减压浓缩,五效降膜式蒸发器的首效和末效蒸发温度依次为65℃、42℃,浓缩至固形物的含量为65.2%,得罗汉果蜜182.3kg。
该罗汉果蜜为淡黄色、澄清透明的浓稠液体。经检测,罗汉果苷V的含量为3.52%,罗汉果总苷的含量为5.43%,葡萄糖的含量为20.2%,果糖的含量为18.9%,蔗糖的含量为10.2%,甘露醇的含量为2.5%,水的含量为34.8%。
实施例 4
称取 543g罗汉果总苷(其中含有352g罗汉果苷V,余下主要为罗汉果苷III和罗汉果苷IV)、2020g葡萄糖、1890g果糖、1020g蔗糖、250g甘露醇和4277g水,混配形成所述罗汉果蜜。
对比例 1
称取191g份罗汉果总苷(其中主要含罗汉果苷III和罗汉果苷IV)、2020g葡萄糖、1890g果糖、1020g蔗糖、250g甘露醇和4629g水,混配形成罗汉果蜜。
对比例 2
称取543g罗汉果总苷(其中含有352g罗汉果苷V,余下主要为罗汉果苷III和罗汉果苷IV)、2020g葡萄糖、1890g果糖、1020g蔗糖和4527g水,混配形成罗汉果蜜。
为进一步证明本发明罗汉果蜜的抗霾清肺功效,取实施例3、4与对比例1、2的罗汉果蜜进行在雾霾地区的冬季进行功效验证试验。实验内容如下:
1.志愿者的选择:
选取因天气原因引起频繁咳嗽、胸闷、呼吸不通畅的户外工作人员200名,其中男女各100名,环卫工人40名,建筑工地工人100名,外卖骑手60名;
2.实验分组和实验方法:
将上述志愿者划分为实施例3组、实施例4组、对比例1组和对比例2组四个组,每组50人,分别服用实施例3、实施例4、对比例1和对比例2中的罗汉果蜜 ,于每日早饭后服用,每次取10g罗汉果蜜溶解于200mL,并请志愿者记录每日咳嗽次数及症状,且有工作人员定期随访,试验时间持续30天。
3.实验结果:
实验完成后,将数据总结,其结果如下表所示:
表 1 各罗汉果蜜的抗霾清肺功效实验结果
注:痊愈是指咳嗽次数低于2~3次/天,胸闷消失且呼吸顺畅;显效是指咳嗽次数明显减少,胸闷减轻,呼吸略通畅;无效是指达不到显效标准。
参见表1的结果,对比实施例3和实施例4的数据可知,以罗汉果为原料制备的罗汉果蜜相较于配制的罗汉果蜜的抗霾清肺功效更为优异,可能是因为提取过程中保留了某些抗霾清肺的活性物质;实施例4组的痊愈人数以及显效人数远多于对比例1组和对比例2组中痊愈人数和显效人数,而对比例2组的志愿者的痊愈和显效总人数仅6人,可见不含甘露醇的罗汉果蜜几乎无清肺抗霾功效,由此可见,实施例4的罗汉果蜜中的甘露醇和罗汉果苷V具有协同作用,显著提高其清肺抗霾的功效。
Claims (10)
1.一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜,其特征在于,包括罗汉果苷V、罗汉果总苷、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、甘露醇和水。
2.一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜,其特征在于,按重量计,包括0.1~15.0份罗汉果苷V、0.15~30.0份罗汉果总苷、5.0~30.0份葡萄糖、5.0~30.0份果糖、0.1~30份蔗糖、0.1~15.0份甘露醇和20.0~60.0份水。
3.根据权利要求2所述具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜,其特征在于,所述罗汉果蜜提取自罗汉果鲜果,按重量计,其包括:3.0~5.0份罗汉果苷V、5.0~7.0份罗汉果总苷、20.0~25.0份葡萄糖、10.0~15.0份果糖、10~15份蔗糖、2~3份甘露醇和25.0~53.0份水。
4.一种具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜的生产方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)榨汁与渗漉:将罗汉果鲜果榨汁,只破果壳、不破果籽,分别收集果汁和果渣;然后采用冷水对果渣进行渗漉提取,得渗漉液;合并果汁和渗漉液,得罗汉果提取液,优选采用挤压式榨汁机榨汁;
(2)絮凝与灭酶:向罗汉果提取液中加入氢氧化钙,调节pH值至碱性,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得絮凝滤液;
(3)中和与沉淀:向絮凝滤液中通入二氧化碳或空气,调节pH值至中性,产生沉淀,静置,离心,收集离心滤液,得中和滤液;
(4)脱盐:将中和滤液用纳滤膜过滤,收集截留液,得脱盐液;
(5)浓缩:将脱盐液用蒸发器减压浓缩,得罗汉果蜜;所述蒸发器五效降膜式蒸发器。
5.根据权利要求4所述具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述冷水的温度为0~30℃;所述冷水用量为罗汉果鲜果重量的0.5~1.2倍,所述渗漉的流速为0.2~1.2 BV/小时;更优选的,所述冷水的用量为罗汉果鲜果重量的0.8~1倍,所述渗漉液的流速为0.6~1.0BV/h。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述氢氧化钙的用量为罗汉果鲜果重量的0.01%~10%,调节pH值为8.6~13.0;优选的,步骤(2)中,所述氢氧化钙的用量为罗汉果鲜果重量的2~4%,调节pH值为11.5~12.5。
7.根据权利要求4~6任一项所述具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述通入二氧化碳或空气调节的pH值为6.5~8.5;更为优选的,所述通入二氧化碳或空气调节的pH值为7.0~7.5。
8.根据权利要求4~7任一项所述具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述纳滤膜的截留分子量为80~250Da,过滤的压力为0.5~1.2MPa,纳滤至截留液中的电导率为0.1~20us/cm;优选的,步骤(4)中,所述纳滤膜的截留分子量为100~200Da,过滤的压力为0.6~1MPa,纳滤至截留液中的电导率为10~20us/cm。
9.根据权利要求4~8任一项所述具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,所述五效降膜式蒸发器的首效和末效蒸发温度依次为60~65℃、40~45℃,浓缩至固形物的质量百分含量为40.0%~80.0%。
10.权利要求1~3任一项所述具有抗霾清肺功效的罗汉果蜜或权利要求3-9任一项所述生产方法制备的罗汉果蜜在制备食品、药品、调味品、保健品、化妆品和/或香精香料中的应用。
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CN115124585A (zh) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-09-30 | 湖南华诚生物资源股份有限公司 | 一种罗汉果提取物的清洁生产方法 |
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CN115581266B (zh) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-12 | 湖南华诚生物资源股份有限公司 | 一种罗汉果干粉和罗汉果浓缩汁的清洁生产方法 |
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