CN110521574B - Vine crop cultivation device convenient for stubble recovery and use method thereof - Google Patents
Vine crop cultivation device convenient for stubble recovery and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110521574B CN110521574B CN201910952027.3A CN201910952027A CN110521574B CN 110521574 B CN110521574 B CN 110521574B CN 201910952027 A CN201910952027 A CN 201910952027A CN 110521574 B CN110521574 B CN 110521574B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The application discloses a vine crop cultivation device convenient for stubble recovery and a using method thereof.A cultivation groove is provided with a water falling hole, the bottom of the cultivation groove is provided with a water outlet, and the water falling hole is communicated with the water outlet; the cultivation trough is fixedly connected with the lower end of the suspension base frame, a rope winding shaft is arranged between two ends of the suspension base frame and movably connected with the suspension base frame, a vine pulling rope is wound on the rope winding shaft, one end of the vine pulling rope is fixedly connected with the rope winding shaft, and the other end of the vine pulling rope is a free end; the lower side of the rope winding shaft is provided with a vine removing device which is fixedly connected with the hanging base frame, the vine removing device is provided with vine removing holes, and vine pulling ropes penetrate through the vine removing holes. When the cultivation groove is arranged, the water outlet is arranged above the ground of the greenhouse, so that the ground of the greenhouse is ensured not to have obstacles. When the crop cultivation is finished, the crop roots are cut off, then the cable shaft is controlled to rotate to drive the vine pulling cable to move upwards, and the vine serving as a thing is automatically dropped to the ground after passing through the vine dropping device, so that the problem that time and labor are wasted when the vine is manually collected is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of facility planting, and particularly relates to a vine crop cultivation device convenient for stubble recovery and a using method thereof.
Background
The facility planting refers to the environment-controlled agriculture which utilizes specific facilities (a multi-span greenhouse, a sunlight greenhouse, a plastic greenhouse, a small arched shed and a cultivation shed) to artificially create an environment suitable for the growth of crops so as to produce high-quality, high-yield and stable-yield horticultural products such as vegetables, flowers, fruits and the like.
The suspension cultivation is a practical facility cultivation method, the cultivation structure is fixed in a cultivation suspension mode, the dependence on a lower supporting structure is removed, the lower part is basically suspended, the lower space is vacated, and the cultivation method naturally has the advantage of convenience in operation, such as convenience in lifting and the like. JP2001286225A provides a plant hanging cultivation method and apparatus capable of improving the space utilization efficiency of a cultivation room and improving the planting density and nutrient solution utilization efficiency of planted plants. JP3661152B2 discloses a plant suspension cultivation device, which has the advantages of improving the cultivation density of crops and facilitating manual operation. JP4139744B2 discloses a plant-growing device that moves up and down, which can facilitate manual operation by moving the growing frame up and down to a suitable height. JP2018139576A discloses a suspended cultivation device with a complicated elevation adjustment mechanism to increase the planting density. CN100593967C discloses a lifting and translation type greenhouse high-density groove culture mechanical device, when needing to carry out crop management, utilizes automatically controlled operating system (or other modes) to promote and hang the cultivation groove, then utilizes automatically controlled translation system (or other modes) translation T type structure's cultivation dolly to hang cultivation groove below to the required operation passageway of crop cultivation management has been vacated at the interval, has improved the cultivation density of crop. CN106063429A discloses a high-level cultivation apparatus for greenhouses, which is provided with a cultivation box suspended in a greenhouse such as a glass greenhouse including a vinyl house so that the position of the cultivation box can be adjusted up and down, and which includes a rotation shaft specially designed to overcome the problem that the cultivation container falls off the ground and is damaged due to the fixing rope being unfastened from the rotation shaft by the weight of the cultivation container. In summary, at present, the technical research on hanging cultivation devices is mainly performed around increasing cultivation density, improving hanging devices, and the like.
With the gradual increase of labor cost, labor investment in facility planting is also gradually regarded as important by growers. In order to reduce the planting cost, the labor input needs to be reduced as much as possible, mechanization is realized as much as possible, and due to the limited space in the facility, in order to realize mechanization, improvement and optimization of the cultivation device are inevitable choices. At present, the facility cultivation of the vine crops such as tomatoes, cucumbers and the like generally adopts ropes with the upper ends fixed at the top of the facility and the lower ends fixed at a cultivation substrate or the root base of the crops as support for climbing the vines, the vines climb along the rope net, after the cultivation is finished, the vine stubbles are manually collected, removed and cleaned up in the facility space, and then the next round of cultivation can be continued, which is a time-consuming and labor-consuming work, and at present, no effective solution is available for mechanically cleaning the vine stubbles.
Disclosure of Invention
To the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the aim at of this application provides a tendril crop cultivation device convenient to stubble is retrieved, has realized after the crop planting, carries out quick clearance to tendril crop stubble.
The technical scheme provided by the application is as follows:
in a first aspect, the embodiment of the application provides a vine crop cultivation device convenient for stubble recovery, which comprises a cultivation groove, wherein a water falling hole is formed in the cultivation groove, a drainage device is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation groove, and the water falling hole is communicated with the drainage device; the cultivation trough is fixedly connected with the lower end of the suspension base frame, a rope winding shaft is arranged between two ends of the suspension base frame and movably connected with the suspension base frame, a vine pulling rope is wound on the rope winding shaft, one end of the vine pulling rope is fixedly connected with the rope winding shaft, and the other end of the vine pulling rope is a free end; the lower side of the rope winding shaft is provided with a vine removing device, the vine removing device is fixedly connected with the hanging base frame, vine removing holes are formed in the vine removing device, and vine pulling ropes penetrate through the vine removing holes.
By adopting the implementation mode, the water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation tank, and the water outlet is arranged on the ground of the greenhouse during the cultivation tank, so that the ground of the greenhouse is ensured not to have obstacles. When the crop cultivation is finished, the crop roots are cut off, then the cable shaft rotates to drive the vine pulling cable to move upwards, the vine serving as an object automatically falls off to the ground after passing through the vine removing device, and an automatic cleaning robot is adopted for cleaning, so that the problem that the vine is time-consuming and labor-consuming when being collected manually is solved.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a limiting device is disposed between the rope winding shaft and the vine removing device, the limiting device is fixedly connected to the suspension base frame, a limiting hole is disposed on the limiting device, the limiting hole and the vine removing hole are correspondingly disposed, and the vine pulling rope sequentially penetrates through the limiting hole and the vine removing hole from top to bottom. The lower end of the vine pulling rope can be knotted, and when the vine pulling rope is driven to move upwards by controlling the rope to rotate around the rope shaft, the limiting hole blocks the vine pulling rope from passing through completely.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the vine pulling cables are provided with multiple groups, a limiting piece is provided between different vine pulling cables on the cable winding shaft, and the limiting piece is fixedly connected to the cable winding shaft. The multi-group vine pulling ropes can ensure that a plurality of crops can be planted in the same planting period, and the arrangement of the limiting pieces can prevent the winding ends of different vine pulling ropes from being mixed together.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a plurality of limiting holes and a plurality of vine-releasing holes are provided corresponding to a plurality of groups of vine pulling ropes, and the number of the limiting holes and the vine-releasing holes is the same as that of the vine pulling ropes.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a gravity hammer is fixedly arranged at a free end of the vine pulling rope, the gravity hammer is close to the cultivation groove, a maximum diameter of the gravity hammer is larger than a diameter of the limiting hole, and a maximum diameter of the gravity hammer is smaller than a diameter of the vine releasing hole. On one hand, due to the arrangement of the gravity hammer, the crops can freely droop in the early planting stage, and vines of the crops can be conveniently wound on the vine pulling rope; on the other hand, the gravity hammer can not pass through the limiting hole, and the vine pulling rope is further prevented from being separated from the limiting device.
With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to the fourth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a gear is disposed at one end of the suspension base frame, the gear is fixedly connected to one end of the cable winding shaft, the gear is movably connected to a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism drives the gear to rotate and then drives the cable winding shaft to rotate. The gear can make the cable winding shaft drive to rotate through a motor-chain system, so that the vine pulling cable can be controlled to move up and down more quickly.
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a suspension cable is disposed between the cultivation trough and the suspension base frame, and two ends of the suspension cable are respectively and fixedly connected to the lower end of the suspension base frame and the upper end of the cultivation trough. The length of the suspension cable can be freely adjusted by arranging the suspension cable, so that the free adjustment of the lower space of the cultivation groove is realized.
With reference to the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the cultivation tank includes a cultivation space and a water storage space, the water falling hole is disposed between the cultivation space and the water storage space, and the cultivation space is communicated with the water storage space. The cultivation space provides conditions for the growth of crops, and the water storage space is used for storing redundant nutrient solution and water dripped by the crops.
With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a drainage device is arranged at the drainage port, the drainage device is an inverted U-shaped pipe, a first end of the U-shaped pipe is higher than a second end, the first end is arranged in the water storage space, a port of the first end is a water inlet, the second end penetrates out of the water storage space, and a port of the second end is a water outlet. The first end of the U-shaped pipe is short and is a water inlet, the second end of the U-shaped pipe is a water outlet, the drainage device is vertically placed in the water storage space in the middle of the cultivation tank, the water outlet extends out of the cultivation tank, the water inlet is close to the lowest end of the water storage space of the cultivation tank, and along with gradual accumulation of surplus nutrient solution in the water storage space, when the water storage level is higher than the highest point of the U-shaped pipe, the nutrient solution in the water storage space can be rapidly discharged out of the cultivation tank under the siphon action.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for using a vine crop cultivation device for facilitating stubble recovery, where the vine crop cultivation device for facilitating stubble recovery described in the first aspect or any implementation manner of the first aspect is adopted, and the method includes: the hanging rack is hung in the greenhouse, so that a space exists between the cultivation tank and the ground of the greenhouse, and the water outlet end of the drainage device on the cultivation tank is arranged above the drainage ditch on the ground of the greenhouse; before planting crops, the transmission mechanism controls the vine pulling rope to rotate around the rope shaft in the first direction to release the vine pulling rope, the vine pulling rope freely falls to the position of the cultivation groove through the vine removing hole under the action of the gravity hammer, and the crops are planted at the corresponding positions so that crop seedlings grow upwards along the vine pulling rope; after the first crop is planted, the vines are firstly cut off from the base parts of the vines, then the transmission mechanism is started, the vines are controlled to rotate around the axial direction of the cable in the second direction to pull the vines upwards, the vines are separated from the vine pulling cable under the action of the vine separating device and freely fall to the ground of a greenhouse, and the vines are automatically cleaned and collected through a cleaning machine, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction. The first direction in this embodiment may be clockwise or counterclockwise, and the rope shaft is controlled to move the vine rope downward to approach the cultivation trough. Correspondingly, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, and the vine pulling rope is controlled to move upwards away from the cultivation groove around the rope shaft
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vine crop cultivation device for facilitating stubble recovery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation tank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a drainage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cultivation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application installed in a greenhouse;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for using the vine crop cultivation device for facilitating stubble recovery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
in fig. 1 to 6, the symbols are represented as:
1-cultivation groove, 2-water falling hole, 3-water discharging hole, 4-cultivation space, 5-water storing space, 6-hanging pedestal, 7-cable winding shaft, 8-vine pulling cable, 9-vine removing device, 10-vine removing hole, 11-limiting device, 12-limiting hole, 13-gravity hammer, 14-limiting piece, 15-gear, 16-suspension cable and 17-drainage ditch.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vine crop cultivation device for facilitating stubble recovery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and referring to fig. 1, the vine crop cultivation device for facilitating stubble recovery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: the cultivation tank comprises a cultivation tank 1, wherein a water falling hole 2 is formed in the cultivation tank 1, a water outlet 3 is formed in the bottom of the cultivation tank 1, and the water falling hole 2 is communicated with the water outlet 3. When the vine crop cultivation device is hung in a greenhouse, the water outlet 3 is hung above the ground of the greenhouse.
Referring to fig. 2 in particular, the cultivation tank 1 includes a cultivation space 4 and a water storage space 5, the water falling hole 2 is disposed between the cultivation space 4 and the water storage space 5, and the cultivation space 4 is communicated with the water storage space 5. The cultivation space 4 provides conditions for the growth of crops, the water storage space 5 is used for storing redundant nutrient solution and water dripped by the crops, and a cultivation plate with water falling holes 2 is uniformly distributed between the cultivation space 4 and the water storage space 5.
The culture space 4 may in this embodiment be a semi-enclosed space open at the top and surrounded by a barrier, in which case it is suitable to fill the culture space 4 with loose substrate material, such as peat or the like, and to fix the crop. The cultivation space 4 may also be a completely open space above the cultivation plate and without surrounding barriers, in which case, the cultivation space is suitable for placing a substrate block with a fixed shape, such as rock wool, on the cultivation plate for planting crops, and the embodiment is not particularly limited. The cross section of the water storage space 5 is semicircular, rectangular or inverted trapezoidal, the width is 10-30cm, and the depth is 5-10 cm.
Referring to fig. 3, a water outlet device is arranged at the water outlet 3, the water outlet device is an inverted U-shaped pipe, a first end of the inverted U-shaped pipe is higher than a second end, the first end is arranged in the water storage space, a port of the first end is a water inlet, the second end penetrates out of the water storage space, and a port of the second end is a water outlet. In the embodiment, the pipe diameter of the inverted U-shaped pipe is 3-6cm, the highest surface of the inverted U-shaped pipe is 5-10cm away from the bottom surface of the water storage space, and the water inlet is 0.5-1cm away from the bottom surface of the water storage space.
The first end of the inverted U-shaped pipe is a water inlet, the second end of the inverted U-shaped pipe is a water outlet, the inverted U-shaped pipe is vertically placed in the water storage space 5 in the middle of the cultivation tank 1, the water outlet extends out of the cultivation tank 1, the water inlet is close to the lowest end of the water storage space 5 of the cultivation tank 1, and along with gradual accumulation of surplus nutrient solution in the water storage space 5, when the water storage level is higher than the highest point of the U-shaped pipe, under the siphon action, the nutrient solution in the water storage space 5 can be rapidly discharged out of the cultivation tank 1.
Further referring to fig. 1, the cultivation trough 1 is fixedly connected with the lower end of a hanging base frame 6, a rope winding shaft 7 is arranged between two ends of the hanging base frame 6, the rope winding shaft 7 is movably connected with the hanging base frame 6, a vine pulling rope 8 is wound on the rope winding shaft 7, one end of the vine pulling rope 8 is fixedly connected with the rope winding shaft 7, the other end of the vine pulling rope is a free end, and the vine pulling rope 8 is made of high-strength materials, so that the toughness of the vine pulling rope is guaranteed. A vine removing device 9 is arranged on the lower side of the rope winding shaft 7, the vine removing device 9 is fixedly connected with the hanging base frame 6, vine removing holes 10 are formed in the vine removing device 9, and vine pulling ropes 8 penetrate through the vine removing holes 10.
In another embodiment, the trailing cable 8 comprises a high strength upper portion and a low strength lower portion, above and below the weight, respectively, the upper portion being reusable and the lower portion being adapted to be secured to the base of a crop to be cleaned following the cleaning of crop stubble for single use.
Furthermore, a limiting device 11 is arranged between the rope winding shaft 7 and the vine removing device 9, the limiting device 11 is fixedly connected with the suspension pedestal 6, a limiting hole 12 is arranged on the limiting device 11, the limiting hole 12 corresponds to the vine removing hole 10, and the vine pulling rope 8 sequentially penetrates through the limiting hole 12 and the vine removing hole 10 from top to bottom. The lower end of the vine pulling rope 8 can be knotted, and when the vine pulling rope 8 is driven to move upwards by controlling the rotation of the vine pulling rope around the rope shaft 7, the limiting hole 12 blocks the vine pulling rope 8 from passing through completely.
In an exemplary embodiment, a gravity hammer 13 is fixedly arranged at the free end of the pulling cable 8, the maximum diameter of the gravity hammer 13 is smaller than the diameter of the limiting hole 12, and the gravity hammer 13 is close to the cultivation tank 1. In the embodiment, the gravity hammer 13 is made of a high-density material and is in a spindle shape with two sharp ends, the gravity hammer weight is 0.1kg-0.5kg, the diameter of the thickest part is 1cm-5cm, the diameter of the limiting hole is 0.5cm-1cm, and the diameter of the vine removing hole is 2cm-10 cm. The gravity hammer 13 is arranged, on one hand, the crops can freely droop in the early planting period, and on the other hand, the vines of the crops are wound on the vine pulling rope 8; on the other hand, the gravity hammer 13 cannot pass through the limiting hole 12, and the vine pulling rope 8 is further prevented from being separated from the limiting device 11. The diameter of the vine-removing hole 10 is larger than the maximum diameter of the gravity hammer 13, so that the gravity hammer 13 can smoothly pass through the hole, and the size of the vine-removing hole can limit the crop vines to pass through the hole.
In the embodiment of the application, the vine pulling ropes 8 are provided with a plurality of groups, the rope winding shaft 7 is provided with limiting pieces 14 between different vine pulling ropes 8, and the limiting pieces 14 are fixedly connected with the rope winding shaft 7. The multiple groups of vine pulling ropes 8 can ensure that multiple crops can be planted in the same planting period, the arrangement of the limiting pieces 14 can prevent the winding ends of different vine pulling ropes 8 from being mixed together, and the spacing between the limiting pieces is 10cm-50cm in the embodiment.
The limiting holes 12 and the vine-releasing holes 10 corresponding to the multiple groups of vine-pulling ropes 8 are all provided in multiple numbers, and the number of the limiting holes 12 and the vine-releasing holes 10 is the same as that of the vine-pulling ropes 8. In this embodiment, the position-limiting device 11 is a horizontal panel, the length of which is the same as that of the cultivation tank 1, and the position-limiting holes 12 are uniformly distributed on the horizontal panel. The vine-removing device 9 is a horizontal panel, the length of the vine-removing device is consistent with that of the cultivation groove 1, and vine-removing holes 10 are uniformly distributed on the horizontal panel.
In an exemplary embodiment, a gear 15 is disposed at one end of the suspension base frame 6, the gear 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the cable winding shaft 7, the gear 15 is movably connected to a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism drives the gear 15 to rotate so as to drive the cable winding shaft 7 to rotate. The gear 15 can drive the cable winding shaft 7 to rotate through a motor-chain system, so that the vine pulling cable can be controlled to move up and down more quickly.
When in use, a plurality of cultivation devices are arranged in parallel side by side, and the gear 15 is driven to rotate uniformly by using a motor-chain system, or as shown in figure 4, the gear 15 is driven to rotate by using a screw transmission shaft which is vertical to the cultivation frame.
In this embodiment, a suspension cable 16 is disposed between the cultivation trough 1 and the suspension base frame 6, and two ends of the suspension cable 16 are respectively and fixedly connected to the lower end of the suspension base frame 6 and the upper end of the cultivation trough 1. The length of the suspension cable 16 can be freely adjusted, so that the lower space of the cultivation trough 1 can be freely adjusted.
Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment, several cultivation shelves are mounted in parallel on the load-bearing structural beams of the greenhouse by means of suspension pedestals 6, which simultaneously control the same row of cable-winding shafts 7 by means of a motor-chain system (not shown). Peat substrate is used for cultivating crops, and the substrate is filled in the cultivation space 4 of the cultivation tank 1. Each cultivation frame is 3 meters long, 10 vine pulling ropes 8 are arranged on each cultivation frame, 10 crops can be cultivated, and the crop plants grow upwards along the vine pulling ropes 8. Drip irrigation nutrient solution is adopted to supply water and nutrients, nutrient solution pipelines extend along a structural beam of the greenhouse, hang down at one end of a drip irrigation pipeline cultivation frame and then extend to each drip irrigation head along the cultivation frame. A drainage ditch 17 is arranged on the ground of the greenhouse and right below the water outlet of the drainage device and is used for collecting and recycling redundant nutrient solution. The hanging cultivation shelves and the drainage means ensure that the space above the ground in the greenhouse and below the cultivation shelves can be completely open, while the provision of the drainage canals 17 and the supply of nutrient solution to the cultivation tanks from above down along the structural beams of the greenhouse enables this completely open space to be realised.
According to the vine crop cultivation device convenient for stubble recovery, the drainage device is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation tank, so that drainage is performed without redundant drainage pipes, and the ground of a greenhouse is guaranteed not to have obstacles. When the crop cultivation is finished, the crop roots are cut off, then the cable shaft rotates to drive the vine pulling cable to move upwards, the vine serving as an object automatically falls off to the ground after passing through the vine removing device, and an automatic cleaning robot is adopted for cleaning, so that the problem that the vine is time-consuming and labor-consuming when being collected manually is solved.
In correspondence with the embodiment of the vine crop cultivation device for facilitating stubble collection provided by the above embodiment, the present application also provides an embodiment of a method for using the vine crop cultivation device for facilitating stubble collection, which is shown in fig. 6 and includes:
s101, hanging the hanging rack in a greenhouse, enabling a space to exist between the cultivation tank and the ground of the greenhouse, and arranging a water outlet end of a drainage device on the cultivation tank above a drainage ditch on the ground of the greenhouse.
S102, before planting the crops, the transmission mechanism controls the vine pulling rope to rotate around the rope shaft in the first direction to release the vine pulling rope, the vine pulling rope freely falls to the position of the cultivation groove through the vine pulling hole under the action of the gravity hammer, and the crops are planted at the corresponding position so that the crop seedlings grow upwards along the vine pulling rope.
The first direction in this embodiment may be clockwise or counterclockwise, and the rope shaft is controlled to move the vine rope downward to approach the cultivation trough. Correspondingly, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, and the vine pulling rope is controlled to move upwards away from the cultivation groove around the rope shaft
Drainage device's effect lies in guaranteeing that unnecessary nutrient solution can discharge, and because the flow of nutrient solution is less when driping irrigation, if adopt real-time discharge method (no water storage device), because the nutrient solution is always dripping, the nutrient solution splashes and can lead to the humidity to increase in the greenhouse, is unfavorable for greenhouse environmental control, and drainage device adopts the type of falling U pipe can make unnecessary nutrient solution discharge after being interrupted the certain time rapidly, has prevented that the condition that always has moisture to splash in the greenhouse from appearing.
S103, after planting of a crop, cutting off vines from the base parts of the vines, starting a transmission mechanism, controlling the vines to rotate around the cable shaft in a second direction to pull the vines upwards, enabling the vines to be separated from the vine pulling cable under the action of the vine separating device, enabling the vines to fall to the ground of the greenhouse freely, and automatically cleaning and collecting the vines through a cleaning machine, wherein the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
The space above the ground of the greenhouse and below the cultivation shelf is completely open, no blocking piece is provided, various automatic cleaning machines can move conveniently, and the branches and the leaves of the crops can be automatically cleaned and collected in daily management.
When the cultivation method is adopted to cultivate the vine crops, the air above the greenhouse ground is smooth to circulate, the greenhouse ground is always clean and dry, and the occurrence of crop diseases in the greenhouse is favorably reduced. Because an automatic cleaning robot can be used, no matter the residual branches and the spoiled leaves are collected at ordinary times or the vines are collected after the cultivation is finished, no manual work is needed; and because the vine pulling rope can be repeatedly used, the labor for pulling the vine can be saved when the crops are fixedly planted every time, and the labor for cultivating and managing the greenhouse crops is greatly saved.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A vine crop cultivation device convenient for stubble recovery is characterized by comprising a cultivation groove, wherein a water falling hole is formed in the cultivation groove, a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the cultivation groove, and the water falling hole is communicated with the water outlet;
the cultivation trough is fixedly connected with the lower end of the suspension base frame, a rope winding shaft is arranged between two ends of the suspension base frame and movably connected with the suspension base frame, a vine pulling rope is wound on the rope winding shaft, one end of the vine pulling rope is fixedly connected with the rope winding shaft, and the other end of the vine pulling rope is a free end; a vine removing device is arranged on the lower side of the rope winding shaft and fixedly connected with the hanging base frame, vine removing holes are formed in the vine removing device, and vine pulling ropes penetrate through the vine removing holes;
the tendril pulling device is characterized in that a limiting device is arranged between the rope winding shaft and the tendril removing device, the limiting device is fixedly connected with the suspension base frame, a limiting hole is formed in the limiting device, the limiting hole and the tendril removing hole are correspondingly arranged, the tendril pulling rope sequentially penetrates through the limiting hole and the tendril removing hole from top to bottom, a gravity hammer is fixedly arranged at the free end of the tendril pulling rope, the gravity hammer is close to the cultivation groove, the maximum diameter of the gravity hammer is larger than that of the limiting hole, and the maximum diameter of the gravity hammer is smaller than that of the tendril removing hole.
2. The apparatus for cultivating vine crop with easy stubble collection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vine pulling cables are provided with a plurality of groups, and the cable winding shaft is provided with a spacing piece between different vine pulling cables, and the spacing piece is fixedly connected with the cable winding shaft.
3. The apparatus for cultivating vine crop with stubble recovery facilitating function as claimed in claim 2, wherein there are a plurality of limiting holes and vine-releasing holes corresponding to the plurality of sets of vine pulling ropes, and the number of limiting holes and vine-releasing holes is the same as the number of vine pulling ropes.
4. A vine crop cultivation device facilitating stubble collection according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a gear is provided at one end of the suspension base frame, the gear is fixedly connected with one end of the rope winding shaft, the gear is movably connected with a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism drives the gear to rotate and drive the rope winding shaft to rotate when driving the gear to rotate.
5. The cultivation device for vine crops convenient for stubble recovery as claimed in claim 4, wherein a suspension cable is arranged between the cultivation groove and the suspension base frame, and two ends of the suspension cable are respectively and fixedly connected with the lower end of the suspension base frame and the upper end of the cultivation groove.
6. The apparatus for cultivating a vine crop with easy stubble collection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation tank comprises a cultivation space and a water storage space, the water falling hole is disposed between the cultivation space and the water storage space, and the cultivation space is communicated with the water storage space.
7. A vine crop cultivation device facilitating stubble collection as claimed in claim 6, wherein the drainage outlet is provided with a drainage device, the drainage device is an inverted U-shaped pipe, a first end of the inverted U-shaped pipe is higher than a second end of the inverted U-shaped pipe, the first end is arranged in the water storage space, a port of the first end is an inlet, the second end penetrates out of the water storage space, and a port of the second end is an outlet.
8. A method of using a vine crop cultivation apparatus for facilitating stubble collection, wherein the vine crop cultivation apparatus for facilitating stubble collection of any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, the method comprising:
the hanging rack is hung in the greenhouse, so that a space exists between the cultivation tank and the ground of the greenhouse, and the water outlet end of the drainage device on the cultivation tank is arranged above the drainage ditch on the ground of the greenhouse;
before planting crops, the transmission mechanism controls the vine pulling rope to rotate around the rope shaft in the first direction to release the vine pulling rope, the vine pulling rope freely falls to the position of the cultivation groove through the vine removing hole under the action of the gravity hammer, and the crops are planted at the corresponding positions so that crop seedlings grow upwards along the vine pulling rope;
after the first crop is planted, the vines are firstly cut off from the base parts of the vines, then the transmission mechanism is started, the vines are controlled to rotate around the axial direction of the cable in the second direction to pull the vines upwards, the vines are separated from the vine pulling cable under the action of the vine separating device and freely fall to the ground of a greenhouse, and the vines are automatically cleaned and collected through a cleaning machine, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
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