JP2008154512A - Hydroponics method for strawberry, and cultivation device of strawberry - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cultivation method and device of strawberry, adopting a space-saving and energy-saving form allowing to perform strawberry cultivation in a three-dimensional facility scale, and having good operability. <P>SOLUTION: This hydroponics device for strawberry is a box whose external shape is formed in an almost rectangular measure-like shape. The device comprises forming notches for drainage on the whole surface of the bottom plate of the box, forming a medium on the bottom plate, holding root parts of strawberry seedlings in the medium inside, and arranging in a plurality of stages vertically through a receiving crosspiece of a machine casing, a plurality of strawberry cultivation containers which are set by almost horizontally and detachably extending from a front plate upper part to a gravel layer, a single or a plurality of strawberry cultivation cylinders having a plurality of openings on the surface. Furthermore, the device is set with a circulation nutrient solution feeder which comprises pouring nutrient solution by dripping or sprinkling from the top of the strawberry cultivation container in the uppermost stage, and letting the nutrient solution sequentially pass the strawberry cultivation containers in a plurality of stages and flow out from the lowest part of the strawberry cultivation container. Each of the strawberry cultivation containers is set on the receiving crosspiece so as to pull out to the horizontal direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a space-saving and energy-saving method capable of cultivating straw at a three-dimensional facility scale by circulating supply of nutrient water, and also relates to a cultivation method and cultivation apparatus for straw with good workability. is there.

  Persimmon is a fruit with high vitamin C content and production that has grown dramatically due to shipments in early spring, and it can be eaten raw with milk and sugar as raw fruits, and can be pickled with jam, juice, and syrup as processed products Used for There are two types of planting styles: a method of cultivating a planted plant for several years and a yearly method of changing the plant every year. For raising seedlings, the seedlings attached to the runner are separated and transplanted. The cultivation of persimmons is shipped year round except during the midsummer season due to technological developments such as the use of greenhouses, plastic films, and breeding of new varieties.

  In general, cocoon cultivation involves making a cocoon of soil in a greenhouse, or planting a cocoon seedling in a cultivation bed containing the soil, usually taking about 30 cm between cocoon strains, and growing temperature 18-25 degrees in the sun. Grown in. In continuous cultivation in soil cultivation, soil infectious diseases frequently occur, the physical properties of the soil deteriorate, and there is a continuous cropping failure (1 to 2 years) in which the growth of straw is poor.

On the other hand, there is hydroponics that does not use soil and cultivates straw by supplying water containing nutrients necessary for normal growth. This hydroponic cultivation allows for continuous cropping because the device is easily disinfected. This hydroponics bed and a hydroponics method using the same are disclosed. [Reference 1]
JP 2003-23886 ([0006], [0007], [0022])

  In the prior art, a medium containing part is formed in a rectangular groove-shaped concave part, the medium containing part is provided with an inclined gradient, led to a plurality of drainage holes, and an excessive culture solution is suitably recovered, However, in order to expand the cultivation capacity, 20 to 30 cultivation beds are connected and arranged. In order to expand such cultivation capacity, it took a great amount of installation area for cultivation facilities, and there was a problem that productivity per installation area could not be increased. In addition, there is another problem such as requiring a long-distance drainage tank or a liquid supply pipe to collect the surplus culture solution. The present applicant has solved these problems and is a space-saving and energy-saving method that can cultivate straw at a three-dimensional facility scale by circulating supply of nutrient water that brings about appropriate cultivation conditions. And the cultivation method and cultivation apparatus of a cocoon with good workability | operativity are provided.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the hydroponics method for strawberries according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of straw cultivation containers, each of which can be pulled out horizontally in the hydroponics of straw. Distributing and circulating circulating water from the uppermost part of the uppermost straw cultivation container, and flowing out from the lowermost part of the lowermost straw cultivation container via a plurality of stages of the straw cultivation container in order Then, the cocoon is grown and cultivated by irrigating and supplying the circulating nutrient water to a plurality of seedlings planted in each cocoon cultivation container.

  By adopting this structure, it is possible to intermittently or continuously drop the circulating nutrient water adjusted in temperature, nutrients, etc., suitable for growing straw, from the top to the bottom of the straw cultivation box. Since it can be supplied in a method suitable for cultivation and cultivation of cocoon seedlings, and the nutrient water can be supplied evenly over the whole number of cocoon cultivation containers in which the seedlings are planted, optimal cultivation of the cocoons and homogenization and promotion of the cultivation Can be achieved. Moreover, since the plurality of straw cultivation containers are stacked in a plurality of stages, that is, three-dimensionally, the productivity of straw cultivation per installation area can be improved even indoors. In addition, because the cocoon cultivation container is installed so that it can be pulled out, it is easy to check the growth of the cocoon, and even if the growth of the cocoon is uneven at the top and bottom, it is possible to grow by replacing the upper and lower cocoon cultivation containers It is.

  Moreover, the hydroponics method of the cocoon according to claim 2 is the hydroponics method of the cocoon according to claim 1, wherein the cocoon cultivation container is a box whose outer shape is formed in a substantially rectangular cocoon shape, and A drain hole or drain notch is formed on the entire surface of the bottom plate, a medium is formed on the bottom plate, a root part of the seedling is planted inside, and one or a plurality of persimmon cultivation cylinders having an opening on the surface are formed. The medium is detachably inserted into the medium in a substantially horizontal direction, and the circulating nutrient water dripped or sprinkled from the upper part of the straw cultivation container uniformly moistens and passes the seedlings in the straw cultivation cylinder. It is characterized by being drained from the bottom plate. Moreover, the hydroponic cultivation method of the cocoon according to claim 3 is the hydroponic cultivation method of the cocoon according to claim 1, wherein the cocoon cultivation container has an outer shape formed into a substantially rectangular cocoon shape, and a bottom plate thereof A box having drain holes or drain notches on the entire surface is formed, and the root part of the seedling is planted in an internal medium, and one or a plurality of persimmon cultivation cylinders having an opening on the surface are substantially horizontal to the box. Circulating water dripped or sprinkled from the top of the straw cultivation container uniformly wets the seedlings in the straw cultivation cylinder and drains from the bottom plate. It is characterized by that. Moreover, the hydroponic cultivation method of the cocoon according to claim 4 is the hydroponic cultivation method of cocoon according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a plurality of the cocoon cultivation tubes are staggered in a cross-sectional direction of the cocoon cultivation container. Alternatively, it is characterized by being arranged in a grid shape and substantially parallel to each other.

With this configuration, the persimmon cultivation cylinder in which the root part of the persimmon seedling is planted in the medium is inserted in a substantially horizontal direction with respect to the persimmon cultivation container, and the persimmon cultivation cylinder is dripped or sprinkled from above the persimmon cultivation container. The root part of the seedling in the cocoon cultivation tube is immersed in the nutrient water held in the medium in the straw cultivation container by sufficiently bringing the root part of the seedling in the inside into contact with each other to give nutrients, oxygen, etc. Can grow and cultivate straw. In addition, since the distance between the seedlings is 5 to 10 cm so that the leaves do not overlap in hydroponics, the vertical cross section direction of the container is staggered in the case of an odd number of the persimmon cultivation tubes, or In the case of an even number, it is preferable to arrange them in a grid pattern, and by arranging them almost parallel to each other, hold them in nourishing water dripping or sprinkling down from above the straw cultivation container or in the medium The roots of the seedlings in the persimmon cultivation cylinder can be efficiently brought into contact with the water nourishment, and the rearing cultivation of the persimmon can be performed by fully utilizing the three-dimensional space inside the persimmon cultivation container. The irrigation for this seedling is suitable for dripping because it is easy to retain nutrient water when there is a medium in the container, and watering is suitable when there is no medium in the container and the medium is only in the persimmon cultivation cylinder. .

  The medium is composed of cotton-like or granular glass wool or rock wool having a length of about 3 to 25 mm, and the layer thickness depends on the depth of the straw cultivation container and is about 25 to 40 cm. Moreover, in order to handle the straw cultivation container so that it can be pulled out, it is desirable to reduce the weight. For this reason, it is preferable to use the glass wool or rock wool described above as the medium. And the circulating nutrient water dripped or sprinkled on the upper part of the straw cultivation container flows down the medium at a predetermined flow rate, enters the inside from the net opening of each straw cultivation cylinder, and the root part of the straw in the straw cultivation cylinder Is fed with nutrients and dissolved oxygen contained in the nutrient water, and finally flows out from the drain hole of the bottom plate. Therefore, the culture medium must allow the circulating nutrient water flowing in from the upper part of the straw cultivation container to pass through the culture medium uniformly through the straw cultivation tube, and the circulating nutrient water flowing down from the culture medium should be passed through the next stage straw. It is necessary to irrigate the cultivation container in a predetermined dripping or sprinkling form, and the medium also needs the ability to retain the circulating nutrient water appropriately. From this viewpoint, the material and particle size of the medium are set. In addition to glass wool or rock wool, gravel, pebbles, vermiculite, pumice, gravel, diatomaceous earth, or the like can be used for the medium. These medium materials are selected in consideration of conditions such as water retention, water irrigation, water flow, and the like, and weight reduction. The particle size used for this material is usually in the range of about 2-40 mm.

  In this way, for the nourishing water flowing in the vertical direction, the straw cultivation tube arranged in the horizontal direction is irrigated to grow and grow the rice seedlings. Inspection of the leaves of the seedlings and maintenance of the seedlings can be performed without deteriorating the working posture. Moreover, although the several drainage hole or the notch for drainage is formed in the bottom face of the said straw cultivation container, the number of this installation, a shape, and a magnitude | size are the water supply with respect to the seedling stored in the said straw cultivation cylinder It depends on the supply situation, to the condition of collecting the nutrient water in the straw cultivation container, to the flow of nutrient water in the medium in the straw cultivation container, or to the straw cultivation container below when the straw cultivation container is stacked It depends on how you water.

  Moreover, the hydroponic cultivation method of the cocoon concerning Claim 5 is the hydroponic cultivation method of the foothill of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 WHEREIN: The said nutrient water contains oxygen microbubble and oxygen nanobubble It is characterized by being.

  With this configuration, the circulating water supply not only adjusts the nutrients, water temperature and flow rate (determines how to wet the root of the seedling) to a predetermined value, but also includes oxygen microbubbles and oxygen nanobubbles. If the nutrient water is supplied, the amount of dissolved oxygen obtained from the nutrient water increases with respect to the root part of the seedling, so that the growth of the seedling is accelerated and oxygen nanobubbles reach the root part directly and exist in the root part. The roots can be activated by oxidizing and removing malignant microorganisms. This speeds up the growth of the seedlings and increases the yield of persimmon fruits. As described above, since the nutrient water can contain a large amount of dissolved oxygen, there is an advantage that the medium does not require gas-liquid contact between the nutrient water and air. This oxygen microbubble is a bubble having a bubble diameter of 50 μm or less, and when oxygen macrobubbles are generated by shearing a gas-liquid two-phase fluid of oxygen and water, and further when the oxygen macrobubbles are crushed in water. Is converted into oxygen nanobubbles (bubble diameter of 1 μm or less), and the remaining oxygen is dissolved in water.

  Moreover, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straw according to claim 6 is a box whose outer shape is formed in a substantially rectangular bowl shape, and a drainage hole or drainage notch is formed on the entire bottom plate, on the bottom plate. A medium is formed, the root part of the seedling is stored in the internal medium, and one or a plurality of persimmon cultivation cylinders having a plurality of openings on the surface can be detached from the upper part of the front side plate substantially horizontally in the medium. A plurality of the straw cultivation containers provided in an extended manner are arranged in a plurality of stages up and down via a receiving bar of the machine frame, and the water is dropped or sprinkled from the top of the top cultivation container. Provided with a circulating water supply device for flowing out from the lowermost part of the lowermost straw cultivation container through the plurality of stages of the straw cultivation container, and each of the straw cultivation containers is pulled out in the horizontal direction. It is provided on the receiving frame of the machine frame where possible. Moreover, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straws according to claim 7 is the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straws according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the straw cultivation cylinders are staggered or square-shaped in the cross-sectional direction of the straw cultivation container. And arranged substantially parallel to each other. In addition, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straw according to claim 8 is the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straw according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the straw cultivation container and the straw cultivation tube are made of a light-transmitting synthetic resin. It is characterized by. Further, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straws according to claim 9 is the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straws according to claim 6, 7, or 8, and the horizontal extension of the straw cultivation container in the pulling direction from the receiving bar of the machine frame. A shelf is provided. Moreover, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straw according to claim 10 is the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straw according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein a plurality of straw cultivation containers are arranged in a plurality of rows on the left and right. It is characterized by being installed in one or two rows in the depth direction.

With this configuration, the root part of the cocoon seedling is stored in the cocoon cultivation tube, the cocoon cultivation tube is inserted in a substantially horizontal direction with respect to the cocoon cultivation container, and then dredged or sprinkled down from the cocoon cultivation container. Give the root part of the seedling in the cultivation tube enough to give nutrients, oxygen content, etc., or the root part of the seedling in the cultivation cylinder in the nutrient water held in the culture medium in the straw cultivation container By soaking, straw can be grown and cultivated. In addition, since the distance between the seedlings is 5 to 10 cm so that the leaves do not overlap in hydroponics, the vertical cross section direction of the container is staggered in the case of an odd number of the persimmon cultivation tubes, or In the case of an even number, it is preferable to arrange them in a grid pattern, and by being arranged substantially parallel to each other, they are held in the nutrient water dripping or sprinkling down from the upper side of the straw cultivation container or in the medium. The root part of the cocoon seedling in the cocoon cultivation tube can be efficiently brought into contact with the cultivated water, and the cultivating cultivation of the cocoon using the three-dimensional space inside the cocoon cultivation container can be performed. The irrigation for this seedling is suitable for dripping because it is easy to retain nutrient water when there is a medium in the container, and watering is suitable when there is no medium in the container and the medium is only in the persimmon cultivation cylinder. .

  The medium is composed of cotton-like or granular glass wool or rock wool having a length of about 3 to 25 mm, and the layer thickness depends on the depth of the straw cultivation container and is about 25 to 40 cm. Moreover, in order to handle the straw cultivation container so that it can be pulled out, it is desirable to reduce the weight. For this reason, it is preferable to use the glass wool or rock wool described above as the medium. And the circulating nutrient water dripped or sprinkled on the upper part of the straw cultivation container flows down the medium at a predetermined flow rate, enters the inside from the net opening of each straw cultivation cylinder, and the root part of the straw in the straw cultivation cylinder Is fed with nutrients and dissolved oxygen contained in the nutrient water, and finally flows out from the drain hole of the bottom plate. Therefore, the culture medium must allow the circulating nutrient water flowing in from the upper part of the straw cultivation container to pass through the culture medium uniformly through the straw cultivation tube, and the circulating nutrient water flowing down from the culture medium should be passed through the next stage straw. It is necessary to irrigate the cultivation container in a predetermined dripping or sprinkling form, and the medium also needs the ability to retain the circulating nutrient water appropriately. From this viewpoint, the material and particle size of the medium are set. In addition to glass wool or rock wool, gravel, pebbles, vermiculite, pumice, gravel, diatomaceous earth, or the like can be used for the medium. These medium materials are selected in consideration of conditions such as water retention, water irrigation, water flow, and the like, and weight reduction. The particle size used for this material is usually in the range of about 2-40 mm.

  In this way, for the nourishing water flowing in the vertical direction, the straw cultivation tube arranged in the horizontal direction is irrigated to grow and grow the rice seedlings. Inspection of the leaves of the seedlings and maintenance of the seedlings can be performed without deteriorating the working posture. Moreover, although the several drainage hole or the notch for drainage is formed in the bottom face of the said straw cultivation container, the number of this installation, a shape, and a magnitude | size are the water supply with respect to the seedling stored in the said straw cultivation cylinder It depends on the supply situation, to the condition of collecting the nutrient water in the straw cultivation container, to the flow of nutrient water in the medium in the straw cultivation container, or to the straw cultivation container below when the straw cultivation container is stacked It depends on how you water. In addition, the seedlings are planted with the nutrient water because the nutrient water, the water temperature, the nutrient water flow rate, etc. from the circulation nutrient water supply device are dripped or sprinkled naturally from the top to the bottom of the cultivation box. Since it can supply evenly to the total number of cocoon cultivation containers produced, it is possible to homogenize and promote the cultivation of cocoons.

  Moreover, since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the cocoon by this structure takes the style which piled the cocoon cultivation container three-dimensionally, installation area may be small with respect to cultivation amount, and the cultivation amount per installation area may be increased. it can. It is also possible to further increase the production scale by arranging a plurality of stages in a plurality of rows. In addition, the hydroponic cultivation equipment for strawberries is a three-dimensional compact facility, so it can be easily installed indoors, and the straw cultivation containers are integrated, so the adjustment of the ambient temperature and water temperature is stable. In addition, it is possible to appropriately adjust the irradiation conditions such as sunlight, so that the productivity of the straw is easily improved. In addition, a plurality of the straw cultivation containers of the present invention are installed so that each can be inserted or removed from the multistage and multi-row container receiving bar of the machine frame, and the straw cultivation is made of a lightweight and visible synthetic resin. Since the container is used, it is easy to grasp the growth status of the grapes cultivated in the grape cultivation container and visually manage the supply state of the nutrient water, and workability such as cultivation and maintenance of grape cultivation can be improved. In addition, since the straw cultivation tube arranged in the horizontal direction is irrigated against the nutrient water flowing in the vertical direction, the seedlings are grown and cultivated. Can be cultivated without touching the leaves, and inspecting the leaves of the seedlings that are lined up on the wall and maintaining the seedlings without deteriorating the working posture. Can do. Moreover, even if the growth of straw is not uniform at the top and bottom, it is possible to grow by changing the positions of the top and bottom straw cultivation containers, which is excellent in terms of adjustment of cultivation and cultivation. In addition, by arranging the straw cultivation containers arranged in multi-stages and rows in a back-to-back arrangement, the insertion or withdrawal of the respective straw cultivation containers can be freely performed without mutual restriction, and management and workability are good.

  In addition, when two rows of straw cultivation container groups are arranged as modules with the work passage interposed therebetween, it is possible to increase the straw cultivation capacity with respect to the installation area, and to improve the work efficiency such as the cultivation management of the straw cultivation container it can. In addition, since a circulating water supply device corresponding to these straw cultivation devices is provided, it is possible to collectively manage nutrients, water temperature, flowing water, dissolved oxygen amount, etc. It is also easy to adjust and manage the amount of running water every time, so that the production efficiency of straw cultivation can be improved and the quality of straw can be maintained and improved. Moreover, if a straw cultivation apparatus is installed indoors etc. and water quality is managed by a nutrient water circulation, there is no fear of harmful insects and microorganisms, and it is possible to cultivate without pesticides.

  According to the cultivating method for cocoons according to claim 1 of the present invention, since the circulating nutrient water can be reliably supplied to each cultivating cylinder, the cultivating of the cocoons is homogenized, and the quality and quality of the cocoons are achieved. Yield can be improved. Moreover, since the straw cultivation container which accommodated the several straw cultivation cylinder can be made thin, it can be piled up in multiple steps indoors, and it can contribute to the productivity improvement of the straw per installation area. According to the method for cultivating persimmon according to claims 2, 3, and 4, the root part of the persimmon seedling in the persimmon cultivation tube is sufficient for the nourishing water that is inserted into the persimmon cultivation container and dropped or sprinkled from above. Since the nutrients and oxygen content are absorbed in contact with the cocoons, the cocoons can be grown sufficiently uniformly. In addition, a plurality of drainage holes or drainage notches are formed on the bottom surface of the straw cultivation container, but the nutrient water in the straw cultivation container is stored, and the flow of the nutrient water in the medium in the straw cultivation container Alternatively, the supply of nutrient water to the seedlings stored in the persimmon cultivation tube can be arbitrarily adjusted by the method of supplying water to the bottom persimmon cultivation container when the persimmon cultivation containers are stacked. According to the method for cultivating persimmon according to claim 5, since it is possible to supply and circulate a predetermined grade of nutrient water, there is little time-series fluctuation in quality of the circulating nutrient water, and in addition, oxygen macro bubbles And oxygen nanobubbles are included, so that the amount of dissolved oxygen is increased to promote the growth of the root part of the seedling, and the microorganisms that have an adverse effect on the root part can be oxidized and removed.

  Moreover, according to the straw cultivation apparatus of claims 6 to 10 according to the present invention, the straw cultivation container can be three-dimensionally constructed in a plurality of stages and a plurality of rows, so that the installation area may be small with respect to the production scale. . This makes it easy to install the cocoon cultivation equipment indoors, and makes it easy to prepare the cultivation environment of the cocoon (optimization of light irradiation conditions, low temperature fluctuations, prevention of invasion of pests, etc.). It can be cultivated and optimized, and the quality and productivity of straw can be improved. In addition, the cocoon cultivation container is lightweight, made of visible synthetic resin, and installed so that it can be pulled out. Moreover, it is excellent in management and workability so that the upper and lower straw cultivation containers can be rearranged. In addition, since the flow rate and quality control of the circulating nutrient water, which plays an important role in the cultivation of cocoons, can be performed collectively, it is easy to manage the cultivation conditions of the cocoons.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic overall perspective view of a straw cultivation apparatus according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention and a system diagram of a circulating nutrient water supply apparatus. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view taken along arrow BB in FIG. FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view of the machine frame of the straw cultivation apparatus in FIG. 1. FIG. 5: is a straw cultivation container used for a straw cultivation apparatus, (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, (c) is sectional drawing of AA arrow. FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a hydroponic cultivation plant for straw according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention.

  An embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straw according to the present invention will be described based on FIGS. It is comprised from the body and the circulating nutrient water supply apparatus 11 which supplies the circulating nutrient water to the straw cultivation container 2. Moreover, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of the straw shows the embodiment which piles the straw cultivation container 2 in 3 steps | paragraphs 6 rows, and grows the straw 10. If this straw cultivation container 2 is demonstrated, 30-45 cm in width and depth will be demonstrated. Cotton, which is a medium, in a cocoon cultivation cylinder 38 having an inner diameter of 3 to 5 cm provided with a net-like opening portion of a root portion 10-1 of a seedling of cocoon 10 using a cocoon cultivation container 2 having a height of 30 to 45 cm. The medium 4 is formed by being stored together with the glass wool in the shape or granular shape and inserted into the container through the insertion hole 32-1 in the substantially horizontal direction, and then filling the container with glass wool or rock wool having a length of about 3 to 25 mm. These three-stage straw cultivation containers 2 are installed on a container receiving bar 3-3 of the machine frame 3, and nourishing water is dropped or sprinkled from the upper part of the straw cultivation container 2 to pass through the culture medium 4, and the root of the straw 10 Grow 10-1 with nutrients and dissolved oxygen. The nutrient water dropped or sprinkled from the water sprinkling hole 14-1 of the circulating nutrient water supply pipe 14 to the upper straw cultivation container 2 passes through the straw cultivation container 2, and excess nutrient water flows out from the drain hole 34-1 of the bottom plate 34. Then, it is dropped or sprinkled on the next-stage straw cultivation container 2. In this way, the circulating nutrient water passes through the third stage paddy cultivation container 2 and is then drained into the drainage trough 3-5 in the center, and the circulating nutrient feed device 11 via the circulating nutrient return pipe 15 Return to. In this way, if the circulating nutrient water is pumped up only once, then the structure can flow down only by gravity, so it is also an energy saving facility.

  The straw cultivation container 2 according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5. The straw cultivation container 2 includes a metal bottom plate 34, a synthetic resin front side plate 32, and side plates 35 and 35. A container is constructed by sandwiching the back plate 36 with a metal double casing 31 raised from the four corners of the bottom plate 34. Adhesion between the side plates 32, 35, 35, and 36 made of synthetic resin and the casing 31 can be arbitrarily performed by using an adhesive or screwing through a sealing material (not shown). As the synthetic resin plate, an acrylic plate or a polycarbonate plate usually having a thickness of 3 to 5 mm is suitable because it is lightweight, has high strength, is transparent, and has adhesion. Further, these side plates 32, 35, 35, and 36 are not limited to being made of synthetic resin, but it is possible to use metal plates although transparency is sacrificed. Moreover, the production of the straw cultivation container 2 is performed by forming the side plates 32, 35, 35, 36 and the bottom plate 34 of the container 2 integrally by bonding the synthetic resin plates to each other with an adhesive without using the device frame 31. It is also possible.

  Further, in the cocoon cultivation container 2, five cocoon cultivation cylinders 38 for storing and cultivating the root portion 10-1 of the cocoon 10, and insertion holes 32 arranged in five staggered shapes on the front side plate 32, respectively. -1 toward the rear side plate 36 facing substantially horizontally. In this case, the straw cultivation cylinder 38 is held by a support ring 37 having a curved surface provided around the insertion hole 32-1. It is desirable that the outer end portion of the persimmon cultivation cylinder 38 has a curved surface because it does not damage the runner with persimmon fruit. The diameter of the persimmon cultivation cylinder 38 is usually in the range of about 3 to 5 cm. Moreover, it is preferable to use the seedling planter which grew the seedling of persimmon for the persimmon cultivation cylinder 38, and the persimmon seedling is normally planted with the cotton-like or granular glass wool which is a culture medium in the net-shaped cylinder. The shaped net introduces nourishing water that is dripped or sprinkled down into the straw cultivation cylinder 38, irrigates the root 10-1, and supplies nutrients and the like. Moreover, the root hair derived from the root part 10-1 in the straw cultivation cylinder 38 extends outward from the net and absorbs nutrients and the like. Based on this situation, the opening of the net is determined, but it is usually 3 to 5 mm. The straw-growing cylinder 38 is usually integrally molded into a net using synthetic resin or synthetic rubber, and it is preferable to use a transparent synthetic resin from the viewpoint of sunshine and observation of the growing condition. Moreover, when synthetic rubber is used, it can respond to the enormous amount accompanying the growth of the root 10-1. Further, the cross section of the straw cultivation cylinder 38 is preferably a cylindrical shape because it is easy in terms of production, but may be an oval shape or a polygonal shape. Further, the shape of the opening of the net may be any of a rectangle, a circle and an oval, but a rectangle is desirable from the production surface.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5b, a plurality of circular drain holes 34-1 are provided in the bottom plate 34 of the straw cultivation container 2 to drain the nutrient water supplied from above. The shape of the drain hole 34-1 is not limited to a circular shape, and for example, an oval or radial rectangular cutout may be provided. The shape, size, number and distribution of the drain holes 34-1 are determined by the pattern of water dripping or sprinkling of the nutrient water passing through the container into the straw cultivation tube 38, that is, the manner of irrigation of the straw cultivation tube 38. In addition, in the case where the straw cultivation container 2 is constructed by stacking three stages, the size, number, and distribution of the drain holes 34-1 determine the distribution of water supply to the straw cultivation container 2 below. Also become. In addition, the bottom plate 34 is preferably made of metal from the viewpoint of forming the drain hole 34-1 and forming the device frame 31 upright, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a synthetic resin plate can also be manufactured.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cultivation container 2 is filled with the culture medium 4 except for the portion of the cultivation basket 38. The culture medium 4 is made of cotton-like or granular glass wool or rock wool having a length of about 3 to 25 mm, and its layer thickness depends on the depth of the straw cultivation container 2 and is about 25 to 40 cm. Moreover, in order to handle the straw cultivation container 2 so that it can be pulled out, it is desirable to reduce the weight. For this reason, it is preferable to use the above-described glass wool or rock wool for the culture medium 4. And the circulating nutrient water dripped or sprinkled on the upper part of the persimmon cultivation container 2 flows down the culture medium 4 at a predetermined flow velocity, enters the inside from the net opening of each persimmon cultivation cylinder 38, and enters the persimmon cultivation cylinder 38. Nutrients and dissolved oxygen contained in the nutrient water are given to the root portion 10-1 of a certain salmon 10, and finally flow out from the drain hole 34-1 of the bottom plate 34. Accordingly, the culture medium 4 must pass the circulating nutrient water flowing from the upper part of the straw cultivation container 2 through the straw cultivation cylinder without any irregularity. It is necessary to irrigate the next-stage straw cultivation container 2 with a predetermined dripping or sprinkling shape, and the culture medium 4 also needs the ability to appropriately retain circulating nutrient water. From this viewpoint, the material and particle size of the culture medium 4 are set. Is done. In addition to glass wool or rock wool, gravel, pebbles, vermiculite, pumice, gravel, diatomaceous earth, or the like can be used for the medium 4. Selection of the material for the culture medium 4 is performed in consideration of conditions such as water retention, water irrigation, water flow, and the like, and weight reduction. The particle size used for this material is usually in the range of about 2-40 mm.

  1, 2, and 3 show a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 for cocoons in which two groups of 18 sets of three rows and six rows of cocoon cultivation containers are arranged back to back. The cultivation apparatus 1 can also be arranged as a module using a module in which two groups of straw cultivation containers configured in a multi-stage and multi-row arrangement are arranged back to back. In FIG. 4, in order to comprise a module, the machine frame 3 which can arrange | position the straw cultivation container 2 so that drawer | drawing-out is possible is shown. The machine frame 3 has pillars 3-1 at the four corners, and a frame composed of a horizontal beam 3-2 and a container receiving bar 3-3 in the vertical and horizontal directions between the pillars 3-1 is configured in three steps in the height direction. is doing. The straw cultivation container 2 is placed so as to be slidable on the two rows of container receiving bars 3-3, so that the straw cultivation container 2 can be easily pulled out or replaced. In addition, a stopper 3-4 is provided in the back of the container receiving bar 3-3 so that the straw cultivation container 2 does not go too far. In addition, in the lower part of the machine casing 3, two rows of drainage culverts 3-5 for receiving drainage from the lowest cocoon cultivation container 2 are arranged. The machine frame 3 is preferably made of metal in terms of strength, and is preferably made of a steel angle material. Moreover, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of the cocoon according to the present invention, the number of rows and the number of rows of the cocoon cultivation container 2 are not restricted by the illustrations of FIGS. 1 and 4 and can be arbitrarily set. Moreover, in the persimmon cultivation apparatus 1 of the persimmon cultivation container 2 group formed in the multistage multi-row, both the number of steps and the number of rows of the persimmon cultivation container 2 can be easily increased or decreased. Further, a fruit receiving shelf 3-6 protruding from the horizontal beam 3-2 of the machine frame 3 is provided. The fruit receiving rack 3-6 is preferably an expanded net made of a synthetic resin other than metal at a place in contact with the fruit so that the dripping fruit is not cooled.

  Thus, since the total number of the straw cultivation containers 2 per installation area can be increased as the number of stages and the number of rows increase, the production scale can be easily increased. Moreover, since the straw cultivation apparatus 1 can arrange | position the module or what assembled the module as mentioned above, it can be installed indoors, and there is a feature which does not need to limit an installation place especially. In this respect, it can be said that it is a space-saving type straw cultivation device. In addition, if installed indoors, the irradiation conditions of sunlight or artificial light (for example, LED light, fluorescent lamps, etc.) can be adjusted appropriately, and the atmospheric temperature and water temperature can be adjusted stably. Easy to improve. Moreover, grasping | ascertainment of the growth condition of the koji grown in the koji cultivation container and visual management of the supply state of nutrient water are easy, and workability | operativity, such as cultivation and maintenance of koji cultivation, can be improved.

  The circulating nutrient water supply device 11 includes an adjustment tank 12-1 that adjusts the properties of the nutrient water to a predetermined value and a return water tank 12-2 that accepts the circulating return water from the straw cultivation container 2 via the circulating nutrient return pipe 15. The circulation nutrient water tank 12 which consists of two, the liquid feeding pump 13, and the circulation nutrient water supply piping 14 are comprised. The adjustment tank 12-1 is a tank in which the oyster shell 15-3 is accommodated after removing impurities contained in the circulation return water through the circulation nutrient return pipe 15 in the tank containing the porous stone 15-2. After the mineral is dissolved, harmful substances are finally removed by adsorption in the tank of charcoal 15-4, and the circulating nutrient water returned to the return water tank 12-2 overflows and returns. Further, the adjustment tank 12-1 includes a heat exchanger 17 for adjusting the nutrient water to a predetermined temperature, an oxygen macrobubble generator 18 for generating oxygen macrobubbles and oxygen microbubbles, and nutrient for circulating nutrient water. A nutrient and water supply pipe 20 is provided for water supply. Moreover, the water supply pump 13 for supplying circulating nutrient water to the straw cultivation container 2 via the circulating nutrient water supply piping 14 and the water spray hole 14-1 is connected to the adjustment tank 12-1. In addition, manual or automatic flow rate adjustment valves 16, 16-1 are provided for adjusting the amount of circulating water supply for each straw cultivation container 2.

  In addition, the adjustment tank 12-1 is provided with a measurement sensor 19, that is, a water temperature meter, a dissolved oxygen meter, a PH meter, and the like for controlling the properties of the circulating nutrient water to be supplied to a predetermined value. A method for controlling the set value based on each measured value from the measurement sensor 19 is a conventional method. The properties of the circulating nutrient water and its numerical values indicate that the water temperature is 15 to 20 degrees, the amount of dissolved oxygen is 5 to 10 ppm, and the pH is 5.5 to 6.5.

  FIG. 6 shows a hydroponic cultivation plant for carrying out the present invention, but the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 composed of modules in which two groups of straw cultivation containers are arranged back-to-back in two rows sandwiches the work path 6. This is an example of installing in parallel. In this example, the method of stacking the straw cultivation container 2 up and down is made into a staircase with hems spread out, so the fruit receiving racks 3-6 are arranged in a staircase shape, and harvesting persimmon fruits and maintenance of persimmon seedlings This makes it easier to carry out work such as maintenance. Since a compact layout can be realized by installing in parallel the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 in which the straw cultivation containers 2 are three-dimensionally arranged in this way, the number of straw cultivation containers 2 per installation area can be increased, and consequently Can increase the cultivation ability of persimmon fruit. Moreover, the circulating nutrient water supply apparatus 11 shows the example arrange | positioned in the corner of the hydroponic cultivation plant, the return of the circulating nutrient water collected in the circulating nutrient return water collecting channel 5 is filtered 15-1, and the return water tank 12-. 2, circulating nutrient water adjusted in nutrients, water temperature and the like in the adjustment tank 12-1 having the heat exchanger 17 and the oxygen macro bubble generator 18 is sent to each hydroponic cultivation device 1 by the water pump 13. . This circulating water supply device 11 can be installed in the center of the plant depending on the scale of the hydroponics plant. Thus, since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 and the circulating water supply apparatus 11 can be installed with a compact layout, it is easy to make the whole indoor equipment, and provide an optimal cultivation environment and working environment for cultivation cultivation of strawberries. can do.

  A method for growing and cultivating the cocoon 10 using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of the cocoon according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. Five cocoon cultivation tubes 38 are staggered in the cocoon cultivation container 2. Then, the medium 4 is constructed using cotton-like or granular glass wool having a length of about 3 to 25 mm. In this persimmon cultivation tube 38, a seedling transplanter (not shown) such as a stretchable reinforced rubber net that has been previously planted with the persimmon seedling 10 together with glass wool cotton as a medium is inserted into the persimmon cultivation tube 38. To construct. Thus, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 of a cocoon is constructed by installing the cocoon cultivation containers 2 in which the cocoon seedlings 10 have been planted in this manner on the container receiving bar 3-3 of the machine frame 3 by installing 18 pieces in 3 rows × 6 rows. . The module of 2 groups of straw cultivation containers is completed by constructing what made the straw cultivation container 2 made in this way 3 steps and 6 rows in 2 rows back to back. In this way, when the construction of the module of the two groups of straw cultivation containers is completed, the circulating nutrient water having a predetermined property is fed from the circulation nutrient water supply apparatus 11 through the circulation nutrient water supply pipe 14 and from the upper part of each uppermost straw cultivation container 2. Circulating nutrient water whose amount of nutrient is adjusted by the flow rate control valves 16 and 16-1 is dropped or sprinkled on average through the sprinkling holes 14-1 to grow the seedling 10. The choice of dripping or sprinkling the nutrient water on the seedling 10 depends on the condition of the culture medium 4 in the persimmon cultivation container 2, but mainly determines the growth state of the root 10-1 of the seedling 10 and appropriately performs it. It is good. The amount of light received by the leaves of the cocoon seedling 10 is adjusted when the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is installed indoors, or the amount of outside light taken in or artificial light (for example, LED light, fluorescent light, etc.) ) Can be adjusted according to the amount of lighting. In addition, the cocoon 10 that has been cultivated takes the cocoon 10 by removing the cocoon cultivation tube 38 from the cocoon cultivation container 2, and then plantes and reinserts the cocoon seedling 10, or the cocoon that has a spare cocoon seedling 10 planted. Cultivation can be repeated by inserting the cultivation cylinder 38. Further, this operation can be performed by pulling out the straw cultivation container 2 and inserting it again onto the container receiving bar 3-3. It is desirable for the healthy cultivation of the persimmon seedling 10 that these re-inserted persimmon cultivation containers 2 should be controlled in advance for pathogens and pests. Thus, using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 for main persimmon, persimmon fruits can be harvested from persimmon seedlings 10 in 5 to 7 months.

  The present invention can be applied to indoor cultivation of aquatic vegetables or aquatic plants represented by hydroponic cultivation of salmon. It can also be applied as a part of extracurricular education as a tourism farm for paddy cultivation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the typical whole perspective view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the straw concerning the best form for implementing this invention, and the systematic diagram of a circulating water supply apparatus. It is sectional drawing of the AA arrow in FIG. It is a perspective view of the BB arrow in FIG. It is a whole perspective view of the machine frame of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in FIG. It is a hydroponics container used for the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of a cocoon, Comprising: (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, (c) is sectional drawing of AA arrow. 1 is a schematic plan view of a hydroponic cultivation plant for straw according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Hydroponics device 2: Cultivation container 3: Machine frame
3-1: Pillar 3-2: Cross beam 3-3: Container receiving bar 3-4: Stopper 3-5: Drainage trough 3-6: Fruit receiving shelf 4: Medium 5: Circulating nutrient return return collecting channel 6: Work channel 10: persimmon 10-1: root 10-2: leaf 10-3: fruit 11: circulation nutrient water supply device 12: circulation nutrient water tank 12-1: adjustment tank 12-2: return water tank 13: pump 14: circulation nutrient water Supply pipe 14-1: Sprinkling hole 15: Circulating water return pipe 15-1: Filtration device 15-2: Porous stone 15-3: Oyster shell 15-4: Charcoal 15-5: Communication hole 16: Flow control valve 16 -1: Flow control valve 17: Heat exchanger 18: Oxygen macro bubble generator 19: Measurement sensor 20: Nutrient and water supply pipe 31: Container frame 32: Front side plate 32-1: Insertion hole
34: Bottom plate 34-1: Drain hole 35: Side plate
36: back side plate 37: support ring 38: cultivation cylinder

Claims (10)

  In hydroponic cultivation of koji, a plurality of koji cultivation containers, each of which can be pulled out in the horizontal direction, are arranged in a plurality of stages, and circulating nutrient water is dropped or sprinkled from the top of the uppermost koji cultivation container. The cultivated water is irrigated and supplied to a plurality of persimmon seedlings planted in each persimmon cultivation container by flowing out from the lowest part of the bottom persimmon cultivation container sequentially through the multi-stage persimmon cultivation containers A hydroponics method for cultivating cocoons by cultivating and cultivating cocoons.   The straw cultivation container is a box whose outer shape is formed in a substantially rectangular bowl shape, and a drainage hole or a drainage notch is formed on the entire bottom plate, a medium is formed on the bottom plate, and the straw The root part of the seedling is planted inside, and one or a plurality of persimmon cultivation cylinders having openings on the surface thereof are detachably inserted into the medium in a substantially horizontal direction, and are arranged in the upper part of the persimmon cultivation container The method for hydroponics cultivation of strawberries according to claim 1, wherein the circulating nutrient water dripped or sprinkled from the water is uniformly drained from the bottom plate after moistening and passing through the seedlings in the straw cultivation cylinder.   The persimmon cultivation container has a substantially rectangular persimmon shape and forms a box having a drain hole or a drain notch on the entire bottom plate, and the root of the persimmon seedling is planted in an internal medium. And a single or a plurality of persimmon cultivation cylinders having an opening on the surface thereof are detachably inserted into the box in a substantially horizontal direction, and are circulated and dripped or sprinkled from the top of the persimmon cultivation container. 2. The method for hydroponics cultivation of persimmons according to claim 1, wherein the water is uniformly drained from the bottom plate after passing through the persimmon seedlings in the persimmon cultivation cylinder.   The water of straw according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a plurality of the straw cultivation tubes are arranged in a zigzag shape or a lattice shape in a cross-sectional direction of the straw cultivation container, and substantially parallel to each other. Cultivation method.   The hydroponic cultivation method for straw according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the circulating nutrient water is nutrient water containing oxygen microbubbles and oxygen nanobubbles.   It is a box having an outer shape formed into a substantially rectangular bowl shape, and a drainage hole or drainage notch is formed on the entire bottom plate, a medium is formed on the bottom plate, and the root part of the seedling is used as an internal medium. A plurality of persimmon cultivation containers which are provided and extend from the upper part of the front side plate substantially horizontally and detachably in the gravel layer with one or a plurality of persimmon cultivation cylinders stored therein and having a plurality of openings on the surface. It is arranged in a plurality of stages up and down via a frame receiving bar, and dripping or sprinkling water from the top of the uppermost straw cultivation container and sequentially passing through the plurality of the straw cultivation containers. A circulating nutrient water supply device for flowing out from the lowermost part of the lower straw cultivation container is provided, and each of the straw cultivation containers is provided on a receiving frame of a machine frame so that it can be pulled out in a horizontal direction. A hydroponic cultivation device for cocoons.   The hydroponic cultivation of strawberries according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the straw cultivation cylinders are arranged in a staggered pattern or a grid pattern in the cross-sectional direction of the straw cultivation container and substantially parallel to each other. apparatus.   The hydroponic cultivation apparatus for strawberries according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the straw cultivation container and the straw cultivation cylinder are made of a light-transmitting synthetic resin.   The hydroponic cultivation apparatus for straw according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein a horizontal extending shelf is provided in a direction in which the straw cultivation container is pulled out from a receiving bar of the machine frame.   The apparatus for hydroponic cultivation of straw according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the plurality of straw cultivation containers arranged in a plurality of rows on the left and right are installed in one or two rows in the depth direction.

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