CN210726303U - Tide type soilless culture facility and culture system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tidal type soilless cultivation facility, which comprises a cultivation tank, both ends of which are sealed, and a movable insert plate is arranged in the cultivation tank to divide the cultivation tank into a drainage tank head and a cultivation area. Place "Ω" type separating mesh to separate the cultivation tank into the upper planting area and the lower nutrient solution area; there is a "U"-shaped siphon in the drainage tank head, and the port through which the siphon pipe leads to the drainage tank head is not in line with the bottom of the cultivation tank. Contact, the top of the siphon pipe is higher than the top of the separation mesh; there is a liquid supply pipe at the head end of the drain tank. The cultivation facility of the utility model has a simple structure, increases the crop yield per unit area, improves the utilization rate of land, and saves substrate and nutrient solution. The utility model also discloses a tidal type soilless cultivation system, which comprises at least one "A"-shaped three-dimensional cultivation rack, and the tidal type soilless cultivation facility is placed on the bracket of the cultivation rack to provide good lighting conditions for crops , so that crops on the same cultivation frame and different heights on the same side have light.

Description

A tidal soilless cultivation facility and cultivation system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of soilless culture, relates to a tidal type soilless culture facility and a cultivation system, in particular to a three-dimensional tidal type soilless culture facility and a cultivation system suitable for vegetables, strawberries and the like.

Background technique

Tidal irrigation is one of the forms of bottom irrigation. During operation, the irrigation water or nutrient solution flows into the cultivation pond or planting bed through the water inlet. The specific liquid level and maintenance time depend on the cultivation substrate, plant species and their growth and development stages. After the surface height generally reaches 4-6cm, it is maintained for 5-10 minutes. After the water holding capacity of the substrate is saturated, the irrigation liquid is filtered and sterilized from the water outlet and returned to the liquid storage tank. This stage resembles the ebb and flow of tides, hence the name tidal irrigation.

Tidal soilless cultivation has developed earlier and is relatively mature abroad, but since the founding of the People's Republic of my country, China has really started R&D and application after the reform and opening up in the 1980s. The forms of tidal irrigation in soilless cultivation facilities are mostly seedbed and ground, which are mainly used for vegetable seedlings and potted flower production.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to solve the existing problems, to provide a simple structure, no special requirements for the planting area, can provide a good growth environment for plant growth, greatly increase the amount of planting and harvest per unit land area, and can save substrate and Efficient and practical tidal soilless cultivation facilities and tidal soilless cultivation systems for the amount of nutrient solution.

The purpose of this utility model is to realize through the following technical solutions:

A tidal type soilless cultivation facility, comprising a semi-cylindrical cultivation tank 1, the two ends of the cultivation tank 1 are sealed, and a movable plug board 31 is arranged in the cultivation tank 1 to divide the cultivation tank into a drainage tank head 3 and a cultivation tank. In the described cultivation area, place "Ω" type separating mesh 2 to separate cultivation tank 1 into an upper planting area and a lower nutrient solution area, the planting area is used to accommodate the cultivation substrate, and the nutrient solution area is used to accommodate the nutrient solution and the nutrient solution area. Air; is provided with "U" type siphon pipe 32 in the described liquid discharge groove head 3, and the port of "U" type siphon pipe 32 passing into the liquid discharge groove head does not contact the bottom of cultivation groove 1, and the top of "U" type siphon pipe 32 It is higher than the top of the "Ω" type separating mesh sheet 2; a liquid supply pipe 4 is arranged at the end 3 of the liquid drain groove head.

Described " Ω " type separating mesh 2 is made up of semicircular mesh and horizontal wings on both sides of semicircular mesh; the diameter ratio of described semicircular mesh to cultivation groove 1 is 8:25 .

The "Ω" type separating mesh 2 is evenly distributed with square holes for water permeation, and the opening rate is 95%; the square holes are 5mm×5mm square holes.

An agricultural non-woven fabric is laid on the "Ω" type separating mesh 2, and a cultivation substrate is filled on the agricultural non-woven fabric. Described cultivation substrate is vermiculite and perlite, and the volume ratio is vermiculite:perlite=2:1. Fertilizers can be added to the cultivation substrate to ensure the nutrients needed for plant growth from both the substrate and the nutrient solution.

Described movable insert plate 31 and the bottom of cultivation tank are not airtight so that the nutrient solution flows freely in the cultivation tank; the same level.

The length of the drainage tank head 3 is 5% to 6% of the length of the cultivation tank 1. The drainage tank head is used for liquid drainage, and its length meets the space requirements for siphon drainage and liquid inlet, and also ensures as much as possible. The area of the planting area, at the same time, the drainage tank head 3 is also used to observe the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank,

The liquid supply pipe 4 is suspended above the drain head, and extends into the drain head 3 from above. In the mode of liquid feeding at one end and discharging at the other end, there is no need to open holes at both ends of the cultivation tank to take over, which simplifies the process and can maintain the force balance of the cultivation tank.

The height of the top of the "U"-shaped siphon directly determines the liquid supply height, and the siphon effect can only be formed when the liquid supply reaches the top of the siphon. At the same time, it is necessary to maintain a certain liquid supply height so that the cultivation substrate can reach the level of plant growth. required amount of water. The siphon port leading into the drainage tank head is 0.5cm away from the bottom of the cultivation tank, and the siphon effect can only be achieved by maintaining a certain distance. Therefore, the port of the described "U"-shaped siphon 32 into the drain head is 0.5 cm higher than the bottom of the cultivation tank 1, and the top of the "U"-shaped siphon 32 is 1 cm higher than the top of the "Ω"-shaped separation mesh 2, and the "U" The liquid outlet port of the "type siphon 32 is at least 35cm lower than the liquid inlet port, preferably 35cm-40cm.

Another object of the present utility model is to provide a tidal type soilless cultivation system, comprising at least one "A"-shaped three-dimensional cultivation frame, and the "A"-shaped three-dimensional cultivation frame comprises an "A" shaped three-dimensional cultivation frame consisting of an oblique support 5 "-shaped support, described "A"-shaped support is provided with at least one beam 6; At least two "A"-shaped supports are connected into "A"-shaped cultivation racks by longitudinal beam 7; In the described "A"-shaped support 2 diagonal supports are provided with 4 layers of brackets 8 transversely, and the tidal type soilless cultivation facility of the present utility model is placed on the brackets 8 along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation frame, and the brackets 8 are provided with movable guardrails 9 Limit the tidal soilless cultivation facilities.

Preferably, each "A"-shaped bracket is provided with at least two beams 6; the vertical distance between the upper and lower adjacent beams is 64±2cm. Each side of the at least two "A"-shaped supports is connected to form an "A"-shaped cultivation frame by at least two longitudinal beams 7; the vertical distance between the upper and lower adjacent longitudinal beams is 64±2cm.

Preferably, the number of the "A"-shaped brackets is two.

The height of the tidal soilless cultivation facility is 12.5cm. Considering that the normal plant height of leafy vegetables is 20cm, in order to ensure that the crops on the same cultivation frame and at different heights on the same side have light, the adjacent two layers of brackets 8 are in the vertical direction. The distance between the brackets is 32±2cm, and the lower bracket is offset to the outer side than the upper bracket (that is, the distance between the lower bracket and the upper bracket in the horizontal direction based on the connection point between the bracket and the inclined support) is 14.5±2cm.

Preferably, in the "A"-shaped bracket, two diagonal supports 5 are connected by screws, and both ends of the beam 6 are fixed on the diagonal supports 5 by screws. The diagonal support of the "A"-shaped bracket and the longitudinal beam 7 are connected by screws. The bracket 8 is fixed on the inclined support 5 by screws or welding.

Preferably, the bottom end of the guardrail 9 is provided with positioning screws, the bracket 8 is provided with rectangular holes or a plurality of positioning holes through which the screws can pass, and the positioning screws pass through the rectangular holes of the bracket so that the The guardrail can move horizontally and be fixed by nuts so that the cultivation trough can be securely placed on the cultivation frame, or the positioning screws pass through the positioning holes of the bracket and are fixed by the nuts.

The horizontal span D (the bottom end horizontal distance of two oblique supports of the "A"-shaped support), the longitudinal span (the distance between the outermost two "A"-shaped supports of the cultivation frame) of the described "A"-shaped cultivation frame and the The spacing of the bracket layers is determined according to the latitude, sun altitude angle and crop height of the area where the cultivation rack is used.

Cultivation racks not only bear the loads of cultivation facilities, substrates, nutrient solutions and crops, but also need to fix and support tidal soilless cultivation facilities, and provide good light conditions for crops. In order to make the crops on the same cultivation frame and at different heights on the same side have light, it is necessary to consider whether the crops at the bottom of the cultivation frame have light when the sun altitude angle is the largest on the summer solstice. The minimum height angle on the winter solstice determines the minimum distance between the two adjacent rows of cultivation racks. The formula for calculating the sun altitude angle is as follows:

The solar elevation angle An ₁ at noon on the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere:

An ₁ =90°-(B ₀ +B ₁ ) (1)

The solar elevation angle An ₂ at noon on the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere:

An ₂ =90°-(B ₀ -B ₁ ) (2)

In the formula, B ₀ is the latitude of the Tropic of Cancer 23°26', and B ₁ is the latitude of the location of the cultivation frame.

The angle at the top of the A-shaped support determines the basic configuration of the "A"-shaped three-dimensional cultivation frame, so according to the calculated height angle of the sun at noon on the summer solstice in the area where the "A"-shaped three-dimensional cultivation frame is used, the top of the A-shaped support can be determined. Included angle α:

The height of the cultivation rack is H (unit is m):

H=0.3tanA _n2 (4)

The horizontal span D of the cultivation frame (unit is m):

Spacing S (unit is m) of two adjacent rows of cultivation racks:

The tidal type soilless culture system of the present invention is also equipped with a nutrient solution supply and discharge system. The nutrient solution supply and discharge system includes a nutrient solution pool 12 and a liquid return pool 10. The nutrient solution outlet of the nutrient solution pool 12 There is a liquid supply main pipe 13, and the liquid supply main pipe 13 sends the nutrient solution into the drain head of each tidal type soilless cultivation facility through the liquid supply pipe 4; The liquid pipe 19 is connected with the drainage main pipe 20, and the drainage main pipe 20 is connected with the liquid return tank 10 so that the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank is returned to the liquid return tank, and a filter 21 is provided on the drainage main pipe 20; The liquid return tank 10 is communicated with the nutrient solution tank 12 through a circulation pipeline 22 to realize the recycling of the nutrient solution, and a disinfection machine 11 is arranged on the circulation pipeline 22 to disinfect the recovered liquid in the liquid return tank. Recycle after sterilization to avoid the spread of germs through nutrient solution.

Preferably, the nutrient solution pool is equipped with a nutrient solution preparation system, including a clean water pipe 18 and a feeding pipe, a liquid level float controller is provided in the nutrient solution pool 12, and 18 on the clean water pipe A solenoid valve 16 is provided, and the liquid level float controller regulates the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 16 to control the water inflow.

Specifically, the liquid level float controller cooperates with the solenoid valve 16 to control the water intake. When the water level of the nutrient solution pool 12 is lower than the set height (the set height is 9/10 of the height of the nutrient solution pool), the liquid level float controller Induction, the solenoid valve 16 is controlled to open, the water is automatically fed, and the elements required for the nutrient solution are fed into the feeding pipe.

Preferably, a clean water switch 17 is provided on the clean water pipe 18. If the nutrient solution pool needs to be cleaned, the clean water switch 17 is turned off.

Preferably, a water pump 15 is provided on the liquid supply main pipe 13; a liquid supply switch is provided on the liquid supply pipe 4; a liquid discharge switch is provided on the liquid discharge pipe; The liquid supply main pipe and the liquid discharge main pipe are respectively provided with switches. The switches used in the utility model are all ball valve switches. The switch can be adjusted according to the conditions of each cultivation tank and used independently.

Preferably, a branch is provided at the pump outlet end of the main liquid supply pipe 13 as a waste liquid pipe 14, and a waste liquid switch is provided on the waste liquid pipe, and the nutrient solution pool is regularly observed. When pollution occurs, the liquid supply switch is turned off. , turn on the waste liquid switch, turn on the water pump 15, discharge the waste liquid, and clean the nutrient solution pool.

In the nutrient solution supply and discharge system, the water pump, the liquid level float controller and the solenoid valve are controlled by the electric box, which is a well-known technology well known to those skilled in the art.

The filter 21 is a mesh filter, specifically an agricultural irrigation mesh filter; the sterilizer 11 is an ozone sterilizer.

The cultivation tank, movable plate and liquid supply main pipe, liquid supply pipe, liquid drain pipe and liquid drain main pipe are all made of PVC material, which has good tensile and compressive strength and long service life; The water supply glue is bonded with good water tightness; the smooth pipe wall has little resistance to fluids such as nutrient solution.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model:

The cultivation facility of the utility model is simple in structure, convenient in material selection, simple in production process, convenient in disassembly and assembly, can be adjusted in scale according to actual production requirements, and is suitable for soilless cultivation production of small and medium-sized melons, fruits and vegetables and the like. The cultivation tank can be processed by using the PVC material round pipe, which provides stable conditions for plant growth, increases the crop yield per unit area, improves the land utilization rate, and saves the substrate and nutrient solution; the cultivation tank is equipped with a separating mesh, agricultural non-woven , so that the root system of the plant is in a suitable environment with three-phase balance of solid, liquid and gas, and the plant grows well; the liquid is automatically drained through the siphon action to avoid the growth of germs; the cultivation system uses the disinfection and sterilization system to sterilize the recovered liquid and recycle it after filtration. , to avoid the spread of germs through nutrient solution, and to improve land utilization by combining three-dimensional cultivation frame planting.

The tidal type soilless cultivation facility of the utility model is placed on the "A"-shaped three-dimensional cultivation frame to form a tidal type soilless cultivation system, the cultivation space in the vertical direction is fully utilized, the crop yield per unit area is increased, and the land utilization rate is improved, The efficient, intensive and rational application of tidal soilless cultivation facilities is realized; the cultivation frame not only plays the role of fixing and supporting, but also can bear the loads of cultivation facilities, substrates, nutrient solutions and crops, and provides good light conditions for crops, so that the same cultivation can be achieved. Plants on the same side and at different heights have light.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the tidal type soilless cultivation tank of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the drain head of the tidal type soilless cultivation tank of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the tidal type soilless culture system of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the perspective view of "A" type three-dimensional cultivation frame;

Fig. 5 is the left side view of Fig. 4 " A " type three-dimensional cultivation frame;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the nutrient solution supply and discharge system of tidal type soilless culture system;

In the figure, 1-cultivation tank, 2-"Ω" type separating mesh, 3-drainage tank head, 31-movable insert plate, 32-"U"-shaped siphon pipe, 4-liquid supply pipe; 5-oblique support, 6- Beam, 7- Longitudinal beam, 8- Bracket, 9- Guardrail, 10- Liquid return pool, 11- Disinfection machine, 12- Nutrient solution pool, 13- Liquid supply main pipe, 14- Waste liquid pipe, 15- Water pump , 16-solenoid valve, 17-clean water switch, 18-clean water pipe, 19-discharge pipe, 20-discharge manifold, 21-filter, 22-circulation pipeline.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a tidal type soilless cultivation facility comprises a semi-cylindrical cultivation tank 1, both ends of the cultivation tank 1 are sealed by side plates, and a movable plugboard 31 is provided in the cultivation tank 1 , the cultivation tank is divided into the drainage tank head 3 (the area formed by the movable plate 31 and the side plate closer to the movable plate 31) and the cultivation area (the area formed by the movable plate 31 and the other side plate), The "Ω" type separation mesh 2 with evenly distributed square holes is placed in the cultivation area, and the "Ω" type separation mesh 2 is composed of a semicircular mesh and wings on both sides of the semicircular mesh. The wing will support the separating mesh 2 in the cultivation groove, and the cultivation groove 1 is divided into an upper planting area and a lower nutrient solution area, and the planting area is used to accommodate the cultivation substrate, and the nutrient solution area is used to accommodate the nutrient solution and air; There is a "U"-shaped siphon 32 in the drainage tank head 3, the port of the "U"-shaped siphon "-shaped separation mesh 2 top 1cm, "U"-shaped siphon 32 liquid outlet port is lower than the liquid inlet port 35cm,; above the liquid discharge tank head 3 is suspended with a liquid supply pipe 4, the liquid supply pipe 4 water outlet The end extends into the drain head.

The said movable plug board 31 is a semicircular plate with a radius of 125mm and the top is cut horizontally along the diameter. The movable plug board 31 is detachably inserted into the cultivation groove so that the lower bottom edge of the movable plug board 31 is separated from the "Ω" type. The wings of the mesh 2 are at the same level, and the nutrient solution in the lower part can flow freely.

Specifically, the cultivation tank 1 is a semicircular cultivation tank divided by PVC water pipes. The cultivation tank 1 is 1200 mm long, 250 mm wide, 125 mm high, and has a wall thickness of 4 mm. The total volume of the cultivation tank is 29.45 L; the drainage tank head: 70 mm long , 250mm wide and 125mm high.

The opening rate of the "Ω" type separating mesh 2 is 95%, and the square holes are 5mm×5mm square holes. The radius of the semicircular mesh of the "Ω" type separating mesh 2 is 40 mm, and the width of the wings is 35 mm.

Agricultural non-woven fabrics are laid on the "Ω" type separating mesh 2, and the planting area is filled with a cultivation substrate. The cultivation substrate is vermiculite:perlite=2:1 (V/V). The substrate and non-woven fabric need to be cleaned regularly. The non-woven fabric is replaced together with the substrate.

The "U"-shaped siphon pipe 32 has a diameter of 25mm, and can be disassembled and assembled as required.

Compared with the tidal type soilless cultivation facility in the specific embodiment of Chinese patent application CN105830904A, in this embodiment, by improving the shape of the cultivation tank, the contact area between the nutrient solution and the substrate increases by 700 cm ² in every 1-meter-long cultivation tank, which is beneficial to The nutrient solution is quickly and evenly transported to the plant roots through capillary action; after the nutrient solution area is discharged, the nutrient solution forms a cavity, which also increases the contact area between the crop root system and oxygen; thus providing suitable water, fertilizer and air for the growth of crops conditions to increase crop yield per unit area.

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, a kind of tidal type soilless cultivation system, comprises 2 "A" type three-dimensional cultivation racks, and described "A" type three-dimensional cultivation racks comprise and are formed by oblique support 5 "A"-shaped support, described "A"-shaped support is provided with 2 beams 6; Two "A"-shaped supports are connected into "A"-shaped cultivation racks by 2 longitudinal beams 7; There are 4 layers of brackets 8 horizontally on the two diagonal supports of the ” type bracket, which are the first layer bracket, the second layer bracket, the third layer bracket and the fourth layer bracket from bottom to top. The tidal type soilless cultivation facility of Example 1 is placed on the bracket 8 in the longitudinal direction of the rack, and the bracket 8 is provided with a movable guardrail 9 to limit the position of the tidal type soilless cultivation facility.

The tidal soilless culture system is also equipped with a nutrient solution supply and discharge system, as shown in FIG. 6 , the nutrient solution supply and discharge system includes a nutrient solution pool 12 and a liquid return pool 10; the nutrient solution pool is equipped with The nutrient solution preparation system includes a clean water pipe 19 and a feeding pipe, a liquid level float controller 18 is arranged in the nutrient solution pool 12, a solenoid valve 16 and a clean water switch 17 are arranged on the clean water pipe 19, The liquid level float controller 18 regulates the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 16 to control the water intake, and at the same time, the elements required for the nutrient solution are input from the feeding pipe to complete the preparation of the nutrient solution; the nutrient solution outlet of the nutrient solution pool 12 is provided with a liquid supply main pipe 13 , a water pump 15 is provided on the described liquid supply main pipe 13; 4 is provided with a liquid supply switch; the "U"-shaped siphons of each tidal type soilless cultivation facility are connected with the drain pipe 20 through the drain pipe 19, and the drain pipe 20 is connected with the described liquid return tank 10 so that the cultivation tank is The nutrient solution is returned to the liquid return tank, and a filter 21 is provided on the drainage main pipe 20; the liquid return tank 10 is communicated with the nutrient solution tank 12 through the circulation pipeline 22 to realize the recycling of the nutrient solution. The above-mentioned circulation pipeline 22 is provided with a sterilizer 11, which disinfects and sterilizes the recovered liquid in the liquid return tank and then recycles it to avoid the spread of germs through the nutrient solution; There is a branch as the waste liquid pipe 14, and a waste liquid switch is provided on the waste liquid pipe.

Specifically, the filter 21 is an agricultural irrigation mesh filter; the sterilizer 11 is an ozone sterilizer.

The diagonal supports, beams, longitudinal beams, brackets, and guardrails are all assembled with hot-rolled equilateral steel with a model of “∠30×30×3”. The lengths of the two right angles of the equilateral steel are 30mm, and the thickness of the steel plate is 3mm.

The bottom end of the guardrail 9 is provided with a positioning screw, and the vertical right-angle side of the bracket 8 is provided with a rectangular hole for the screw to pass through. The positioning screw passes through the rectangular hole of the bracket to make the guardrail level. Moved and secured by nuts so that the growing trough is securely seated on the growing rack.

To facilitate assembly and disassembly, all connection points are connected by M5 screws.

The cultivating frame can be used in Nanjing. The formula for calculating the solar altitude angle is as follows:

The altitude of the sun at noon on the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere:

An ₁ =90°-(B ₀ +B ₁ ) (1)

The altitude of the sun at noon on the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere:

An ₂ =90°-(B ₀ -B ₁ ) (2)

In the formula, An is the altitude angle of the sun, B ₀ is the latitude of the Tropic of Cancer 23°26', and B ₁ is the latitude of Nanjing City 32°02'.

The calculation shows that the sun altitude angle An ₁ on the winter solstice day and the sun altitude angle An ₂ at noon on the summer solstice day in Nanjing are 34°32' and 81°26' respectively.

According to the sun height angle at noon on the summer solstice in the area where the NSCD cultivation frame is used, determine the top angle α of the A-shaped support:

The height of the tidal soilless cultivation facility is 16cm. Considering that the normal plant height of leafy vegetables is 20cm, the spacing between the layers of the cultivation brackets is designed to be 32cm, and the offset of each layer to the outside is 14.5cm.

The overall height of the cultivation frame is H (unit is m):

H=0.3tanA _n2 (4)

Cultivation frame span D (unit is m):

It is calculated that the included angle α at the top of the A-shaped bracket is 48°, the height H of the cultivation frame is 122.0 cm, the transverse span D of the cultivation frame is 110.5 cm, and the longitudinal span is 60.0 cm, with a total of 4 layers of brackets.

The spacing S (unit is m) of two adjacent rows of cultivation racks is:

Determine the minimum distance between two adjacent rows of cultivation racks to be 122cm.

By adopting the cultivation frame of this embodiment, compared with plane cultivation, the land utilization rate is increased by 148.2%.

Specifically, the liquid level float controller cooperates with the solenoid valve 16 to control the water intake. When the water level of the nutrient solution pool 12 is lower than the set height (the set height is 9/10 of the height of the nutrient solution pool, and the height of the nutrient solution pool is 2.0m) ), the liquid level float controller senses, controls the solenoid valve 16 to open, and automatically enters the water.

The liquid supply pipe supplies the nutrient solution to the drainage tank head of the tidal soilless cultivation facility, the nutrient solution flows to the nutrient solution area, and when it rises to the bottom of the "Ω" type separating mesh, it contacts the non-woven fabric, and penetrates through the non-woven fabric. , the substrate absorbs water from top to bottom by capillary action. When the liquid supply reaches the top of the "U"-shaped siphon tube, a siphon effect is formed, and the nutrient solution is discharged. The recovered liquid is sterilized by a sterilizer and returned to the nutrient solution pool for recycling to avoid the spread of germs through the nutrient solution. In order to ensure that the substrate has a high water content, the time from the start of liquid supply to the generation of siphon effect shall not be less than 5min. When the nutrient solution is discharged, air is formed in the nutrient solution area, and the plant root system obtains the required oxygen, so that the plant root system is in a suitable environment in which the three phases of solid, liquid and gas are balanced.

When organic fertilizers and other fertilizers are added to the cultivation substrate to meet the needs of plant growth, there is no need to prepare nutrient solution, and water can be irrigated.

The tetraploid Bantam yellow from the cabbage research team of Professor Hou Xilin of Nanjing Agricultural University was used as the test variety. The experimental site is the archway experimental base of Nanjing Agricultural University. Adopt Chinese patent application CN105830904A The method for raising seedlings in the application example, when to grow to 5 leaves, are planted in the cultivation tank (treatment group) of the tidal soilless culture system of the present embodiment, and two rows of 4 times are planted in each cultivation tank Dwarf yellow cabbage, 10 plants per row, 10cm apart. The cultivation system in which the tidal soilless cultivation facility of CN105830904A was placed was used as the control group. Tidal irrigation was carried out for the two treatments, and the nutrient solution (the formula of Yamazaki lettuce in Japan) was irrigated once a day. When the liquid level rose to the top of the "U"-shaped siphon, the nutrient solution was discharged from the cultivation facility through the siphon mouth to complete a liquid supply cycle. The yield was counted on the 35th day after cultivation. Compared with the control group, the yield of pakchoi per unit area in the treatment group increased by 9%.

The above-mentioned implementation is only a description of the embodiments of the present utility model, and does not define the concept and scope of the present utility model. Without departing from the design concept of the present utility model, any deformations and changes made by other persons in the art to the present utility model design Improvements should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a tidal type soilless cultivation facility is characterized in that comprising semi-cylindrical cultivation groove (1), cultivation groove (1) both ends are airtight, in described cultivation groove (1), be provided with movable plug board (31 ) Divide the cultivation tank into a draining tank head (3) and a cultivation area, and the length of the draining tank head is 5% to 6% of the length of the cultivation tank; in the cultivation area, place an "Ω" type separating mesh (2). ) The cultivation tank (1) is divided into the upper planting area and the lower nutrient solution area; in the described drainage tank head (3), a "U" type siphon pipe (32) is provided, and the "U" type siphon pipe (32) is connected The port of the inlet and outlet tank head is not in contact with the bottom of the cultivation tank (1), and the top of the "U"-shaped siphon pipe (32) is higher than the top of the "Ω"-shaped separation mesh (2). ) end is provided with a liquid supply pipe (4). 2. tidal type soilless cultivation facility according to claim 1, is characterized in that described " Ω " type separating mesh (2) is made up of semicircular mesh and wings on both sides of semicircular mesh ; The described "Ω" type separating mesh (2) is evenly distributed with square holes; the ratio of the diameter of the semicircular mesh to the cultivation groove is 8:25. 3. The tidal type soilless cultivation facility according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable plate (31) and the bottom of the cultivation tank are not airtight so that the nutrient solution flows freely in the cultivation tank. 4. tidal type soilless cultivation facility according to claim 1, is characterized in that the port that described " U " type siphon (32) passes into the drain groove head is higher than the bottom 0.5cm of cultivation groove, " U " type The top of the siphon pipe (32) is 1 cm higher than the top of the "Ω" type separating mesh, and the liquid outlet port of the "U" type siphon pipe (32) is at least 35 cm lower than the liquid inlet port. 5. tidal type soilless cultivation facility according to claim 1, is characterized in that described liquid supply pipe (4) is placed above the drainage groove head, extends into the drainage groove head (3) from the top of the drainage groove head )Inside. 6. a tidal type soilless culture system is characterized in that comprising at least one "A" shape three-dimensional cultivation frame, and described "A" shape three-dimensional cultivation frame comprises the "A" shape formed by oblique support (5) Support, described "A" shape support is provided with at least one beam (6); At least two "A" shape supports are connected into "A" shape cultivation frame by longitudinal beam (7); In described "A" 4 layers of brackets (8) are laterally provided on the 2 oblique supports of the type support, and the tidal type soilless cultivation facility according to claim 1 is placed on the brackets (8) along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation rack, and the brackets (8) There is a movable guardrail (9). 7. tidal type soilless culture system according to claim 6 is characterized in that described " A " shape support top angle α:

Among them, An ₂ is the solar elevation angle at noon on the northern hemisphere summer solstice: An ₂ =90°-(B ₀ -B ₁ ); In the formula, B ₀ is the latitude of the Tropic of Cancer 23°26', and B ₁ is the latitude of the location of the cultivation frame; The height H of the "A"-shaped three-dimensional cultivation rack: H=0.3tanA _n2 ; The horizontal span D of the "A"-shaped three-dimensional cultivation frame:

8. tidal type soilless culture system according to claim 6 is characterized in that the spacing of two adjacent layers of brackets on the vertical square is 32 ± 2cm, and the lower layer bracket is offset to the outside by 14.5 ± 2cm than the upper layer bracket . 9. tidal type soilless culture system according to claim 6 is characterized in that also supporting nutrient solution supply and discharge system, and described nutrient solution supply and discharge system comprises nutrient solution pool (12), liquid return pool (10); The nutrient solution outlet of the nutrient solution pool (12) is provided with a liquid supply main pipe (13), and the liquid supply main pipe (13) sends the nutrient solution into the drainage of each tidal type soilless cultivation facility through the liquid supply pipe (4). In the groove head; the "U"-shaped siphon pipes of each tidal soilless culture facility are connected with the drain pipe (20) through the drain pipe (19), and the drain header (20) is connected with the liquid return tank (10) The nutrient solution in the cultivation tank is returned to the liquid return tank, and a filter (21) is provided on the drainage main pipe (20); The pool (12) is connected to realize the recycling of the nutrient solution, and a sterilizer (11) is arranged on the circulation pipeline (22). 10. tidal type soilless culture system according to claim 9, is characterized in that described nutrient solution pool is equipped with nutrient solution preparation system, comprises clear water pipe (18), feeding pipe, in described nutrient solution pool (18), feeding pipe 12) A liquid level float controller is provided inside, a solenoid valve (16) is arranged on the clean water pipe (18), and the liquid level float controller regulates the opening and closing of the solenoid valve (16) to control the water inflow.

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