Strawberry soilless cultivation method and cultivating stand
Technical field
The invention belongs to strawberry cultivating technical field more particularly to strawberry soilless cultivation methods and cultivating stand.
Background technique
Strawberry be called the red certain kind of berries, the foreign certain kind of berries, the certain kind of berries etc., be a kind of fruit of red.Strawberry is to rosaceae strawberry plants
Common name belongs to herbaceos perennial.The appearance of strawberry contains special strong fruit virtue in heart, delicious red tender, pulp succulence
It is fragrant.The effect of strawberry nutrition value is high, contains and enriches vitamin C, helpful digestion, at the same time, strawberry can also consolidate gums,
Fresh breath, moisten throat.
The implantation methods of strawberry are mainly soil cultivation and soilless cultivation at present.The shortcomings that soil cultivation, is: due to year after year
It cultivates, the nutrient decline in soil causes the strawberry head planted out smaller, and taste is boring, and pest resistance to insecticide enhancing needs to spray
A large amount of pesticides are applied to dispel pest and disease damage.The advantages of soilless cultivation is: it is the base that the root system of crop is fixed on to organic or inorganic
In matter, by trickle irrigation or the method for trickle irrigation, the abundant in content nutrient solution of crop is supplied.Simultaneously overcome soil-borne disease insect pest and
Continuous cropping obstacle reduces pesticide dosage, production safety tea garden etc. the tool unrivaled superiority of soil cultivation, can mention significantly
The commodity rate of high strawberry fruit can be realized high yield, high-quality and efficient.
Existing farm uses soilless cultivation largely to plant strawberry, and strawberry is not high, usually 30~60cm it
Between.So cultivating stand mostly uses greatly tridimensional structure, planting space can be largely saved.But in stereo planting frame
On plant be all to grow vertically, as a result after strawberry be hidden in plant clump, picking is relatively arduous, and labor intensity is larger.Together
When strawberry be hidden in plant clump in, be also easy to decayed fruit, setting ratio is lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of strawberry soilless cultivation method and cultivating stand, is all vertical life to solve the plant of existing strawberry
It is long, as a result after strawberry be hidden in plant clump, picking is arduous, the larger technical problem of labor intensity.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides following technical solutions: strawberry soilless cultivation method, including following
Step: A, building the frame body of cultivating stand, and frame body is equipped with several plantation layers, is equipped with turning part, turning part on every layer of plantation layer
Upward flip angle range be 0 °~45 °, first turning part is overturn to 15 °;B, sterilizing plants and places cultivation on layer
Slot, cultivation trench bottom are detachably connected with turning part, carry out sterilizing to it after installing cultivation bed;C, it transplants seedlings, by seedling
It moves into, is passed through nutrient solution, floods seedling root;D, shading is oriented, light shielding part is set on the side wall that cultivation bed is flipped up, is beaten
Open light shielding part;E, directional illuminant, by the top of the fixed cultivation channel opening after tilting of light source, the side wall that cultivation bed is flipped up
The straight line and horizontal line that central point, light source are linked to be in angle state, 45 °~90 ° of angular range;F, florescence guarantees that the florescence is every
It the quantity of illumination is 1.6~1.75 ten thousand LUX, and light application time is 12-14 hours, while replacing nutrient solution, is added in nutrient solution
Vitamin C and sesame oil ground-slag end;G, bear fruit the phase, frame body is continued to overturn, flip angle is promoted to 20 °, replacement is matched again
The nutrient solution of ratio;H, the mature collecting period, the nutrient solution in cultivation bed is discharged, the flip angle of frame body is promoted to 45 °, is carried out
Picking, returns back to 20 ° for frame body flip angle after picking, is passed through nutrient solution again and floods plant root, wait for lower batch of strawberry fruit quietly
It is real mature.
The basic principle of this method: first overturning 15 ° for the turning part on cultivating stand, and such turning part is connect with cultivation bed,
Cultivation bed can be tilted a certain angle in this way, after sterilizing, be irradiated using directional light sources to plant, by seedling along cultivation
The cell wall of slot moves into, and is passed through nutrient solution, floods seedling root, and such nutrient solution and seedling are all concentrated in the lower of cultivation bed, children
Seedling root system can be sufficiently submerged in nutrient solution, and seedling can fully absorb nutrient.Then the light shielding part of cultivation bed is opened, it is right
Cultivation groove sidewall at overturning carries out shading, then directional illuminant, and seedling is allowed to absorb illumination, benefit from the notch far from light shielding part
With the phototaxis of plant, plant is allowed to grow up.After plant enters florescence, vitamin C and sesame oil ground-slag are added
End guarantees florescence nutritional sufficiency.Enter after florescence and bear fruit it, frame body is turned up, flip angle is allowed to reach 20 °,
Allow in this way fruit as early as possible because the reason of weight, is amesiality, but not cause plant limb to fracture because weight is excessive, directly
To the mature collecting period, in picking, angle is turned in increasing, and fruit is allowed to assemble as far as possible in a side, concentrates picking convenient for worker,
Flip angle is returned back to 20 ° after picking, allows green fruit continued growth.
This method the utility model has the advantages that this method can allow seedling be biased to growth, the fruit in later period can be allowed because attaching most importance in this way
Power reason concentration is amesiality, in this way convenient for picking, while fruit being allowed to reveal from the environment of plant humidity, not perishable
It is rotten.
For the cultivating stand of above-mentioned strawberry soilless cultivation method, the cultivation bed being detachably connected including frame body and thereon, frame
Body is equipped with several plantation layers, is connected with multiple cultivation beds on every layer of plantation layer, every layer frame body and cultivation bed overlapping position are radially equal
Equipped with turning part, turning part and cultivation bed are detachably connected, and turning part includes returning face plate, and returning face plate side and plantation layer are hinged,
Returning face plate lower end surface, which slides vertically, is connected with supporting element, and supporting element lower end is slidably connected to be slided along the first of groove body length direction
Slot, the two side walls of first sliding groove diametrically are equipped with locking member;Cultivation bed includes groove body, and groove body upper port is connected with arc
Occlusion part, occlusion part includes the dome-shaped shield installed along groove body upper port, and dome-shaped shield is equipped with for blocking
The block piece of light is radially provided with the breast board for stopping seedling abjection at the notch of cultivation bed, and breast board is equipped with to be stretched for seedling branches and leaves
Through-hole out.
The basic principle of this cultivating stand: being arranged turning part on the frame body of cultivating stand, and turning part and frame body are hinged, turn in this way
Transfer part can drive groove body to flip an angle together.The inclination that groove body can be carried out to certain angle in this way, allows plant
On fruit to inclined side concentrate, convenient for being picked after maturation.The barn door on groove body blocks light simultaneously, in conjunction with
The above method is equipped with light source in the opposite side of barn door, and the phototaxis of such plant can allow plant oriented growth, further allow
Fruit on plant is concentrated to side.Plant is biased to growth and grows up since branch is naturally biased toward, and is being biased to above in itself
With certain toughness, it is not easily broken.Than the later period by branch on the plant grown vertically using external force by its lateral deviation, allow fruit by force
The method that tangible side is concentrated is more preferable, because the florescence of strawberry has repeatedly, needs to protect branch healthy growth, Cai Nengbao
Demonstrate,prove the yield of strawberry.
This cultivating stand the utility model has the advantages that
1, this programme can allow cultivation bed to carry out the inclination of certain angle, while adjustable tilt angle, allow on plant
Fruit to inclined side concentrate, convenient for being picked after maturation.
2, this programme blocks light using the barn door on groove body, in conjunction with the above method, in the opposite of barn door
Side is equipped with light source, and the phototaxis of such plant can allow plant to grow up, and further allows fruit on plant to side
It concentrates, further convenient for picking.
3, branch on the plant grown vertically is utilized external force by its lateral deviation by this programme compared with the later period, allows fruit one by force
The method that side is concentrated is more effective, because the florescence of strawberry has repeatedly, needs to protect branch healthy growth, just can guarantee grass
The yield of the certain kind of berries.
4, this programme structure is simple, practical, is convenient for farm large-scale use.
Further, the supporting element is slide bar, and the length of dome-shaped shield and the major diameter of groove body are equal, and block piece is shading
Cloth, black-out cloth are covered in dome-shaped shield outer surface and are firmly connected with it.Slide bar moves between returning face plate and first sliding groove,
When slide bar is closer from returning face plate hinge joint position, flip angle is bigger, and slide bar adjusts simpler, quick.With black-out cloth to circle
Arch shield is covered, and structure is simple and at low cost.
Further, the supporting element is gear, is equipped with ratchet knob at gear axis, first sliding groove inner bottom surface is fixed with teeth
Item, rack and pinion engage, and are uniformly provided with notch on the side wall of first sliding groove diametrically, and the notch in opposing sidewalls is corresponding
Setting, opposite indentation, there are connected with the arresting lever for spragging gear, and the diameter of arresting lever is less than the width of notch, arresting lever
One end be vertically hinged with vertical bar, vertical bar lower end slidably connects the second sliding slot along first sliding groove length direction.Utilize rotation
Button band moving gear rotates on rack gear, and when such gear is close to returning face plate hinged place, flip angle is bigger.When returning face plate is overturn
To required position, gear stops operating, and is then cooperated using arresting lever and notch, allows rack gear to be maintained on corresponding position and no longer move
It is dynamic.
Further, the block piece be black barn door flexible, barn door be covered in dome-shaped shield outer surface and
It is connect with its pin, is easily installed and replaces.
Further, the fastener is locking nut, and fastening is convenient, and replacement easy to repair.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of cultivating stand embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of cultivating stand embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
It is further described below by specific embodiment:
Appended drawing reference in Figure of description includes: frame body 1, cultivation bed 2, returning face plate 3, slide bar 4, first sliding groove 5, locking
Nut 6, dome-shaped shield 7, black-out cloth 8, gear 9, ratchet knob 10, rack gear 11, notch 12, arresting lever 13, vertical bar 14, second are sliding
Slot 15, barn door 16, light source 17.
Embodiment 1
Strawberry soilless cultivation method as shown in Figure 1:, comprising the following steps: the frame body 1 of cultivating stand is built, if frame body 1 is equipped with
Turning part is equipped on dry plantation layer 1a, every layer of plantation layer 1a, the upward flip angle range of turning part is 0 °~45 °, first
Turning part is overturn to 15 °.
Sterilizing places cultivation bed 2 on frame body 1, and cultivation bed 2 is detachably connected with turning part, after installing cultivation bed 2
Sterilizing is carried out to it.
It transplants seedlings, the cell wall by seedling along cultivation bed 2 moves into, and is passed through nutrient solution, floods seedling root.
Shading is oriented, light shielding part is set on the side wall that cultivation bed 2 is flipped up, opens light shielding part;
Directional illuminant, the top that the fixed cultivation bed 2 after tilting of light source 17 is open, the side that cultivation bed 2 is flipped up
The straight line and horizontal line that wall central point, light source 17 are linked to be in angle state, 45 °~90 ° of angular range.
Florescence guarantees that the florescence daily quantity of illumination is 1.6~1.75 ten thousand LUX, and light application time is 12-14 hours, simultaneously
Nutrient solution is replaced, vitamin C and sesame oil ground-slag end are added in nutrient solution.
Bear fruit the phase, frame body 1 is continued to overturn, flip angle is promoted to 20 °, replaces the nutrient solution matched again.
Nutrient solution in cultivation bed 2 is discharged, the flip angle of frame body 1 is promoted to 45 °, is adopted by the mature collecting period
It plucks, 1 flip angle of frame body is returned back to 20 ° after picking, be passed through nutrient solution again and flood plant root, wait for lower batch of strawberry fruit quietly
It is mature.
The turning part on cultivating stand is first overturn 15 °, such turning part is connect with cultivation bed 2, and such cultivation bed 2 can tilt
Certain angle after sterilizing, is irradiated plant using directional light sources 17, and the cell wall by seedling along cultivation bed 2 moves into,
It is passed through nutrient solution, floods seedling root, such nutrient solution and seedling are all concentrated in the lower of cultivation bed 2, and seedlings root can fill
Divide and be submerged in nutrient solution, seedling can fully absorb nutrient.Then the light shielding part of cultivation bed 2 is opened, to the cultivation at overturning
It trains 2 side wall of slot and carries out shading, then directional illuminant, allow seedling to absorb illumination from the notch far from light shielding part, utilize plant
Phototaxis, allows plant oriented growth.After plant enters florescence, vitamin C and sesame oil ground-slag end are added, guarantees florescence battalion
Support abundance.Enter after florescence and bear fruit it, frame body 1 is turned up, flip angle is allowed to reach 20 °, allows fruit most in this way
It is early but not to cause plant limb to fracture because weight is excessive because the reason of weight is amesiality, until the mature collecting period,
In picking, angle is turned in increasing, and fruit is allowed to assemble as far as possible in a side, concentrates picking convenient for worker, will overturning after picking
Angle rotary allows green fruit continued growth to 20 °.This method can allow seedling to be biased to growth, can allow the later period in this way
Fruit because gravity is concentrated amesiality, in this way convenient for picking, while fruit being allowed to appear from the environment of plant humidity
Out, not perishable.
For the cultivating stand of above-mentioned strawberry soilless cultivation method, the cultivation bed 2 being detachably connected including frame body 1 and thereon,
Frame body 1 is equipped with several plantation layer 1a, and multiple cultivation beds 2, every layer frame body 1 and 2 weight of cultivation bed are connected on every layer of plantation layer 1a
Turning part is radially equipped at conjunction, turning part and cultivation bed 2 are detachably connected, and turning part includes returning face plate 3,3 side of returning face plate
Hinged with plantation layer 1a, 3 lower end surface of returning face plate, which slides vertically, is connected with slide bar 4, and 4 lower end of slide bar is slidably connected along groove body length
The first sliding groove 5 in direction, the two side walls of first sliding groove 5 diametrically are equipped with locking nut 6;Cultivation bed 2 includes groove body, slot
Body upper port is connected with the occlusion part of arc, and occlusion part includes the dome-shaped shield 7 installed along groove body upper port, dome-shaped
Shield 7 is equipped with the black-out cloth 8 for shutting out the light, and black-out cloth 8 is covered in 7 outer surface of dome-shaped shield and the company of being secured to
It connects.The breast board for stopping seedling abjection is radially provided at 2 notch of cultivation bed, breast board is equipped with the through-hole stretched out for seedling branches and leaves.
Frame body 1 is multilayered structure, is bolted multiple cultivation beds 2 on each layer of plantation layer 1a, in this way using cultivation
It is just bolted to when slot 2 on plantation layer 1a.Overturning is radially hinged with 2 overlapping position of cultivation bed on every layer of plantation layer 1a
Portion is to be hinged on 3 side of returning face plate on plantation layer 1a in this programme, then again directly by cultivation bed 2 and the direct spiral shell of returning face plate 3
It tethers and connects, can fully ensure that effective overturning of cultivation bed 2 in this way.Need to adjust the flip angle of cultivation bed 2 at this time, main benefit
It is slided between 3 lower end surface of first sliding groove 5 and returning face plate with slide bar 4, when slide bar 4 is closer to the hinged place of returning face plate 3, overturning
The flip angle of plate 3 is bigger, so that the gradient of cultivation bed 2 is bigger.The positioning of slide bar 4 simultaneously uses bolt fastening, and first is sliding
The opposite side wall of slot 5 is equipped with along 5 length direction of first sliding groove and for the through slot of bolt sliding, and such bolt can be on through slot
Sliding, can stop the movement of slide bar 4 when tightening bolt.The dome-shaped shield 7 installed along groove body upper port, at this point,
The arc side end face of dome-shaped shield 7 and cultivation bed 2 are bonded, the inner concave of dome-shaped shield 7 tilted towards cultivation bed 2 after it is low
Place, it is larger in the area of 8 shading of black-out cloth of 7 outer surface of dome-shaped shield setting in this way, and the growth of the branch at shutter
Space is smaller, preferably can play the role of directional guide to the growth of plant in this way.Black-out cloth 8 is covered in dome-shaped shield
It 7 outer surfaces and is firmly connected with it.Be radially provided at 2 notch of cultivation bed stop seedling abjection breast board, thus be avoided that plant because
Deviate from from cultivation bed 2 for inclination, nutrient solution can also be stopped to flow out from cultivation bed 2.Breast board is equipped with to be stretched for seedling branches and leaves
Through-hole out, seedling can grow out from this through-hole.
Turning part is set on the plantation layer 1a of cultivating stand, and turning part and frame body 1 are hinged, and such turning part can drive slot
Body flips an angle together.The inclination that groove body can be carried out to certain angle in this way allows fruit on plant to inclination
Side is concentrated, convenient for being picked after maturation.The barn door 16 on groove body blocks light simultaneously, in conjunction with the above method,
The opposite side of barn door 16 is equipped with light source 17, and the phototaxis of such plant can allow plant oriented growth, further allows on plant
Fruit to side concentrate.Plant is biased to grow since branch is naturally biased toward growth, is being biased to above itself have centainly
Toughness is not easily broken.It utilizes external force by its lateral deviation in branch on the plant grown vertically than the later period, allows fruit in side collection by force
In method it is more preferable because the florescence of strawberry has repeatedly, need to protect branch healthy growth, just can guarantee the production of strawberry
Amount.4 structure of slide bar is used in this programme, keeps entire cultivating stand structure simple, quick for installation.Dome-shaped is hidden using black-out cloth 8
Plate 7 is covered, and structure is simple and at low cost.
This cultivating stand the utility model has the advantages that this programme can allow cultivation bed 2 to carry out the inclination of certain angle, while it is adjustable
Tilt angle allows the fruit on plant to concentrate to inclined side, convenient for being picked after maturation.This programme utilizes the shading on groove body
Plate 16 blocks light, in conjunction with the above method, is equipped with light source 17, the phototaxis of such plant in the opposite side of barn door 16
It can allow plant oriented growth, further allow the fruit on plant to be concentrated to side, further convenient for picking.This programme is compared with rear
Branch on the plant grown vertically is utilized external force by its lateral deviation by the phase, and the method for allowing fruit to be concentrated in side by force is more effective, because
Have repeatedly for the florescence of strawberry, so needing to protect branch healthy growth, just can guarantee the yield of strawberry.This programme structure letter
It is single, practical, it is convenient for farm large-scale use.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2: the supporting element is gear 9, and ratchet knob 10 is equipped at 9 axle center of gear, and 5 inner bottom surface of first sliding groove is solid
Equipped with rack gear 11, rack gear 11 is engaged with gear 9, and notch 12, and opposite side are uniformly provided on the side wall of first sliding groove 5 diametrically
Notch 12 on wall is correspondingly arranged, and is connected with the arresting lever 13 for spragging gear 9 at opposite notch 12, arresting lever 13 it is straight
Diameter is less than the width of notch 12, and one end of arresting lever 13 is vertically hinged with vertical bar 14, and 14 lower end of vertical bar is slidably connected along first
The second sliding slot 15 of 5 length direction of sliding slot.It rotates and moves, such gear 9 on rack gear 11 with moving gear 9 using ratchet knob 10
When close to 3 hinged place of returning face plate, flip angle is bigger.When returning face plate 3 is turned to required position, gear 9 stops operating, then
Cooperated using arresting lever 13 and notch 12, allows rack gear 11 to be maintained on corresponding position and no longer move.Block piece is the flexibility of black
Barn door 16, barn door 16 is covered in 7 outer surface of dome-shaped shield and connect with its pin, be easily installed and replace.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the structure of the invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, these also should be considered as guarantor of the invention
Range is protected, these all will not influence the effect and patent practicability that the present invention is implemented.