CN110520281B - 一种用于对材料段进行间歇超声波处理的方法 - Google Patents

一种用于对材料段进行间歇超声波处理的方法 Download PDF

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CN110520281B
CN110520281B CN201880023784.6A CN201880023784A CN110520281B CN 110520281 B CN110520281 B CN 110520281B CN 201880023784 A CN201880023784 A CN 201880023784A CN 110520281 B CN110520281 B CN 110520281B
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G·格内德
B·艾华德
A·盖格
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Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
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    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于对材料段(1)进行间歇超声波处理的方法，其中材料段(1)在超声波发生器(2)和反向工具(3)之间移动穿过，并且该材料段(1)被间歇地处理。为了指定通过其可避免或至少减少现有技术的缺点的一种用于对材料段(1)进行间歇超声波处理的方法，根据此发明，在处理间隔中超声波发生器(2)被具有振荡幅度A的超声波振荡激励，而在移动间隔中超声波发生器(2)以振荡幅度B被激励，其中B<A，并且在处理间隔期间和在移动间隔期间材料段(1)接触到超声波发生器(2)和反向工具(3)两者。

Description

一种用于对材料段进行间歇超声波处理的方法
描述
本发明涉及一种用于对材料段进行间歇超声波处理的方法，其中材料段在超声波发生器和反向工具之间移动穿过，并且该材料段被间歇地处理。此类方法和相应设备是已知的。例如，在DE 603 19 101 T2中描述了一种设备，其中材料段在超声波发生器和反向工具之间移动穿过，并且在处理期间，用焊接力将超声波发生器压到该材料段上。当不进行任何处理时，超声波发生器从该材料段移离。
在已知的设备中，相应机械移动借助于CAM控制或借助于凸轮控制来进行。如果使用旋转的超声波发生器或旋转的反向工具，则替换地，可在超声波发生器或反向工具的密封表面中提供开放腔室，当该材料段与腔室相对布置时，该开放腔室中断超声波处理。
然而，超声波发生器向后和向前的规则移动，特别是在非常高的卷材速度下，会导致材料段引导方面的问题。此外，由于超声波发生器不能足够快地向后和向前移动，因此高的卷材速度无法被实现。
此外，上文提及的凸轮控制的缺点在于，改变处理周期需要凸轮控制的更换，这使得不希望的机器停机时间成为必要。这同样适用于带有腔室的旋转工具的使用，因为该工具必须与具有相应匹配的腔室尺寸的工具一起使用。
因此，在所描述的现有技术的背景下，本发明的目的是提供一种用于对材料段进行间歇超声波处理的方法，利用该方法可避免或至少减少现有技术的缺点。
根据本发明，此目的通过以下方式实现：在处理间隔中用具有振荡幅度A的超声波振荡来激励超声波发生器，而在移动间隔中以振荡幅度B来激励超声波发生器，其中振荡幅度A大于振荡幅度B，并且在处理间隔期间和在移动间隔期间材料段接触到超声波发生器和反向工具两者。
根据本发明，当不进行处理时，超声波发生器因此不再从该材料段移离；相反，振荡幅度简单地被减小。
在最简单的情况下，在移动间隔期间可关闭向转换器提供合适的交流电流以生成超声波振荡的发电机。
然而，已经发现，完全关闭超声波发生器导致再次将其接通时，即在下一个处理间隔的开始时，直到该超声波发生器再次处于期望的稳定状态的时间段相对较长，因此，特别是在高的卷材速度下，其中尚不能够对材料段进行最佳处理的区域太长了。
因此，在优选实施例中，振荡幅度B(即超声波发生器的振荡幅度)在移动间隔中大于0。因此，超声波振荡的振荡幅度被减小，但没有被关闭。
在处理间隔期间的振荡幅度A的10％和30％之间的值已因此证明对于在移动间隔期间的振荡幅度B是有利的。一般而言，振荡幅度A的尺寸被设计成使得可进行最佳超声波处理。甚至更高的振荡幅度则会导致材料段的损坏和/或超声波发生器或反向工具上的磨损增加。较低的振荡幅度不再能够许可可靠的处理。因此，与振荡幅度A相比，振荡幅度B应尽可能地减小到不对材料段进行进一步处理的程度。
在进一步的优选实施例中，具有圆柱形密封表面的旋转超声波发生器被用作超声波发生器，其中该超声波发生器在处理间隔期间以及在移动间隔期间两者中均围绕旋转轴线旋转。替换地或组合地，反向工具可被用作具有圆柱形密封表面的辊反向工具，其中该反向工具在处理间隔期间以及在移动间隔期间两者中均围绕旋转轴线旋转。
卷材因此从圆柱形密封表面离开。因此，旋转超声波发生器和/或反向工具的圆周速度大致对应于待处理的材料段的卷材速度。
在另一优选实施例中，检测旋转超声波发生器或辊反向工具的旋转角度，并且依赖于检测到的旋转角度来确定处理间隔和/或移动间隔的开始和结束。
由于这项措施，材料段可几乎以任何方式被处理。例如，如果要处理具有限定长度的材料的一部分，而不处理材料的前面和后面部分，则在处理间隔的开始处记录旋转超声波发生器的角位置，并在处理期间检测角位置方面的变化。以此方式确定的旋转角度可除以360°并乘以2*π*r(r＝圆柱形密封表面的半径)以便确定材料段的经处理的长度。一旦达到所需的长度，就可切换到移动间隔。
在另一优选实施例中，在焊接间隔期间，以预定的力FA将超声波发生器或反向工具压到材料段上。已经发现，如果在处理期间对材料段施加恒定的力，则焊接结果会得到改善。
在待机间隔期间如果用预定力FB将超声波发生器或反向工具压到材料段上则是有利的，其中力FB小于力FA。
因此，与在焊接间隔期间用于将超声波发生器或反向工具压到材料段上的力相比，在待机间隔期间用于将超声波发生器或反向工具压到材料段上的力被减小。
因此，移动间隔是在其间超声波发生器以振荡幅度B振荡的间隔。
处理间隔是在其间超声波发生器以振荡幅度A振荡的间隔。
待机间隔是在其间用力FB将超声波发生器或反向工具压到材料段上的间隔。
焊接间隔是在其间用力FA将超声波发生器或反向工具压到材料段上的间隔。
基本上，焊接间隔对应于处理间隔，而待机间隔对应于移动间隔是可能的。
但是，已经发现，如果焊接间隔短于处理间隔则最好。焊接间隔优选地位于处理间隔内，由此处理间隔在焊接间隔之前开始，并且焊接间隔优选地在处理间隔之前结束。
换言之，如果要对材料段进行处理，则超声波振荡的振荡幅度增加，并且用于将超声波发生器或反向工具压到材料段上的力随后增加。
在另一优选实施例中，在移动间隔和处理间隔之间提供斜坡间隔，其中超声波发生器的超声波振荡的振荡幅度连续地或以几个步骤从振荡幅度B增加到振荡幅度A。这是因为已经发现，并不总是可以陡然增加振荡幅度而不会发生过冲效应。由于振荡幅度是由受相应控制的发电机生成的，因此振荡幅度的这种陡然变化只能困难地被实现，因此在某些情况下，振荡幅度可能会过于急剧地增加故而其需要一定时间直到所需的振荡幅度被建立。
因此，如果振荡幅度连续地或以几个步骤增加则是有利的，以便提高振荡幅度的调节精度。
在进一步的优选实施例中，在处理间隔、移动间隔和斜坡间隔期间，该材料段以恒定的卷材速度v在超声波发生器和反向工具之间移动穿过，其中，斜坡间隔的长度被选择以使得在斜坡间隔期间，使该材料段的0.5至10cm之间，优选地1至5cm之间在超声波发生器和反向工具之间移动穿过。
本发明的其他优点、特征和可能的应用从以下对优选实施例以及相关联的附图的描述中变得清楚，其中：
图1示出了用于执行该方法的设备的示意图以及
图2示出了振荡幅度和力的时间依赖性的示意图。
图1示出了执行一种用于对材料段进行间歇超声波处理的方法的设备的示意图。材料段1沿箭头方向在超声波发生器2和反向工具3之间移动穿过。在此实施例中，超声波发生器2和反向工具3两者都以辊的形式被配置。在反向工具3的方向上用力F压超声波发生器2，使得材料段1被压紧在超声波发生器2和反向工具3之间。
如果用合适的焊接力FA将超声波发生器2压到材料段上并且超声波发生器以合适的振荡幅度A振荡，则发生对材料段1的处理。
然而，存在其中不需要对整个材料段1进行处理，而仅需要对其部分进行处理的应用。
因此，根据本发明，如果没有处理发生，则超声波发生器的超声波振荡的振荡幅度总是减小。虽然该材料段仍在超声波发生器和反向工具之间移动穿过，但由于超声波振荡的振荡幅度减小，故没有处理发生。
这示意性地被表示在图2中。在该图中，以随机单位绘制了振荡幅度(实线)以及用于在反向工具的方向上压超声波发生器的焊接力(虚线)两者。可以看出，在间隔I中，振荡幅度呈现值A，并且用于使超声波发生器在反向工具的方向上移动的力呈现值FA。实际处理发生在间隔I中。因此，在此示例中，间隔I对应于处理间隔和焊接间隔两者。如在上文中已经解释的，处理间隔和焊接间隔不一定必须相同。
在处理间隔I之前和之后，在移动间隔II期间，振荡幅度减小到值B，并且在反向工具的方向上压超声波发生器的力减小到值FB。
在移动间隔II期间没有处理发生。在本文中，在移动间隔II和处理间隔I之间绘制其中振荡幅度连续地增大或减小的斜坡间隔III。即使在所示的示例中，振荡幅度在斜坡间隔中以线性方式变化，但非线性变化也是可能的，例如振荡幅度的逐步增加或减小。
即使在图中示出了从力FB到力FA的力的陡然增加以及从力FA到力FB的力的陡然减小，但这通常不需要被完全实现。一般而言，经过仔细观察，力的变化也不会陡然发生，而会平缓地发生。
在所示的实施例中，只有超声波发生器2被超声波振荡激励。然而，可替换地，也可使用第二超声波发生器作为反向工具，使得该材料段在两个超声波发生器之间通过。在此情况下，在移动间隔中，两个超声波发生器中的至少一个的超声波振荡的振荡幅度应减小，由此如果两个超声波发生器的振荡幅度都减小则最好。
参考符号列表
1材料段
2超声波发生器
3反向工具
A振荡幅度
F力
FA焊接力
I处理间隔
II移动间隔
III斜坡间隔

Claims (11)

1.一种用于对材料段进行间歇超声波处理的方法，其中材料段在超声波发生器和反向工具之间移动穿过，其中具有圆柱形密封表面的旋转超声波发生器被选作超声波发生器，并且所述超声波发生器在处理间隔期间以及在移动间隔期间两者中均围绕旋转轴线旋转，其中所述反向工具被用作具有圆柱形密封表面的辊反向工具，其中所述反向工具在处理间隔期间以及在移动间隔期间两者中均围绕旋转轴线旋转，具有圆柱形密封表面的所述超声波发生器和具有圆柱形密封表面的所述反向工具的圆周速度对应于待处理的材料段的卷材速度，并且所述材料段被间歇地处理，其特征在于，在所述处理间隔中所述超声波发生器被具有振荡幅度A的超声波振荡激励，而在所述移动间隔中所述超声波发生器以振荡幅度B被激励，其中B<A，并且在所述处理间隔期间和在移动间隔期间所述材料段接触到所述超声波发生器和所述反向工具两者。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述振荡幅度B>0。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述移动间隔期间的所述振荡幅度B达到在所述处理间隔期间的所述振荡幅度A的10％和30％之间。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述旋转超声波发生器的旋转角度被检测，并且依赖于检测到的旋转角度来确定处理间隔和/或移动间隔的开始和结束。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在焊接间隔期间，所述超声波发生器或反向工具以预定的力FA被压到所述材料段上。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在待机间隔期间，所述超声波发生器或反向工具以预定的力FB被压到所述材料段上，其中所述力FB<FA。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述焊接间隔短于所述处理间隔。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述焊接间隔位于所述处理间隔内，其中所述处理间隔在所述焊接间隔之前开始。
9.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述焊接间隔位于所述处理间隔内，其中所述处理间隔在所述焊接间隔之前开始，并且所述焊接间隔在所述处理间隔之前结束。
10.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，斜坡间隔被提供在所述移动间隔和所述处理间隔之间，其中所述超声波发生器的所述超声波振荡的所述振荡幅度连续地或以几个步骤从所述振荡幅度B增加到所述振荡幅度A。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述处理间隔、所述移动间隔和所述斜坡间隔期间，所述材料段以恒定的卷材速度v在所述超声波发生器和反向工具之间移动穿过，其中，所述斜坡间隔的长度被选择，以使得在所述斜坡间隔期间，使所述材料段的0.5至10cm之间或1至5cm之间在所述超声波发生器和反向工具之间移动穿过。
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