CN110511014A - 核壳型铝掺杂铁酸铋/二氧化硅复合陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents
核壳型铝掺杂铁酸铋/二氧化硅复合陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 229910002902 BiFeO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005690 magnetoelectric effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002897 Bi2Fe4O9 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005290 antiferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种核壳结构的BiFe1‑ xAlxO3@SiO2复合铁电陶瓷及其制备方法,其核是Al掺杂的BiFeO3颗粒,核外是以SiO2为包覆层的壳层。通过固相法制备BiFe1‑xAlxO3(0≤x≤0.03)粉体,并在BiFe1‑xAlxO3粉体的乙醇分散液中加入原硅酸四乙酯,于碱性条件下使得原硅酸四乙酯水解,反应得到核壳型BiFe1‑xAlxO3@SiO2复合材料,将粉体压制,烧结获得BiFe1‑xAlxO3@SiO2的复合陶瓷;本发明中制备反应操作简单,条件易控,制备温度低,包覆后的BiFe1‑xAlxO3@SiO2复合陶瓷漏电流密度下降了一个数量级、介电损耗减少、剩余极化值升高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷技术领域,属于电子信息材料与器件应用方面,更具体的说是涉及核壳型铝掺杂铁酸铋/二氧化硅复合陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
多铁材料(Multiferroics)是指同时存在多种铁性(铁电性、铁磁性、铁弹性)有序,并且能够通过铁磁性与铁电性的相互作用产生磁电耦合效应(MagnetoelectricEffects,ME)的材料。
磁电耦合效应决定了多铁材料能在磁矩与电极化之间相互调控,可用于新一代电写磁读记忆材料的设计,为下一代功能电子学信息记录器的设计提供了一个额外的自由度。同时,利用多铁材料居里点(TC)附近的介电常数与磁导率,可制备出大电感一体化和高电容的电子元器件,以减少高密度电路板上器件数量,为解决电感性器件与电容性器件相互干扰问题提供了新的思路。
在众多的多铁性材料中,铁酸铋(BiFeO3)具有最高的铁电居里温度(TC≈830℃)和较高的反铁磁转变温度(TN≈370℃),这使BiFeO3成为近年来凝聚态物理、材料科学领域的重点研究热点之一。然而,BiFeO3合成温度范围窄,在较高温烧结制备过程中会引起Fe离子价态波动(Fe3+→Fe2+)和Bi2O3的挥发,在材料内部形成氧空位和杂项,导致材料漏电流大、矫顽场大、剩余极化小、介电损耗高、低电阻率等一系列缺点。
现有的离子掺杂技术提高了BiFeO3的铁磁性能,但是材料漏电流密度大、剩余极化值低的问题仍旧存在。因此,研制一种致密度高、低漏电流密度、低介电损耗的复合陶瓷是本领域是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种致密度高、低漏电流密度、低介电损耗的BiFe1- xAlxO3@SiO2复合陶瓷。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种应用于复合陶瓷的BiFe1- xAlxO3粉体,所述BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体由Bi2O3、Fe2O3及Al2O3制备而成,并按照各元素化学计量比称量Bi2O3、Fe2O3和Al2O3;所述BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体中0.00≤x≤0.03。
本发明还提供了一种应用于复合陶瓷的BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1)按照上述质量比称取原料Bi2O3、Fe2O3及Al2O3,并研磨;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)研磨后的粉体预烧,将预烧后的粉体置于球磨罐中,按球料比(1-3):1加入球磨珠,然后加入无水乙醇,球磨,球磨完毕后粉体过筛,60-120℃下烘干12-24h,获得BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体。
优选地,步骤(1)中研磨至粒径至0.5-2μm。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述预烧温度为700-850℃,预烧时间为0.5-5h;所述过筛的目数为400-500目。
优选地,所述球磨转速为200-400rpm,球磨时间为4-12h。
本发明还提供了一种复合陶瓷,包括如权利要求1所述的BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体,还包括二氧化硅,且BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体和二氧化硅的重量比为(99:1)-(94:6)。
优选地,所述二氧化硅是利用原硅酸四乙酯作为修饰剂,于pH为9-10的碱性条件下水解得到。
本发明的有益效果:本发明中以BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体及原硅酸四乙酯为主料获得的复合陶瓷具有较高的致电密度、漏电流密度小,介电损耗低且具有剩余极化值得到了提升。
本发明还提供了一种复合陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1)按照BiFe1-xAlxO3与乙醇的质量比为(0.25-0.5):1,将BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体分散在乙醇中,并搅拌得到悬浊液;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)得到的悬浊液,在搅拌的条件下,超声处理;
步骤(3)将原硅酸四乙酯加入到步骤(2)超声处理后的悬浊液中,调节pH值至9-10,继续搅拌;
步骤(4)将步骤(3)中得到的悬浊液烘干得到粉体;将粉体煅烧获得BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2粉体;
步骤(5)在步骤(4)中所述BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2粉体中滴加聚乙烯醇造粒,造粒完毕后粉体过筛,压制,烧结获得厚度为0.5-2mm的BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2的复合陶瓷。
本发明中的制备方法简单,易操作,更加适用于大工业化生产。
优选地,步骤(1)中所述搅拌速度为500-1000rpm,搅拌时间为30-60min。
优选地,步骤(2)中所述搅拌速度为500-1000rpm,所述超声处理时间为30-60min。
优选地,步骤(3)中所述搅拌时间为2-4h,搅拌速度为500-1000rpm。
优选地,步骤(4)中所述烘干时间为12-24h,烘干温度为60-120℃;所述煅烧时间为10-60min,煅烧温度为500-700℃。
优选地,步骤(5)中所述BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2粉体的质量与所述聚乙烯醇的体积比为(0.5-2):0.05;所述压强为30-70MPa;
优选地,步骤(5)中,所述烧结时间为0.5-10h,烧结温度为750-900℃。
优选地,步骤(5)中,所述过筛为过40-80目筛。
经由上述的技术方案可知,与现有技术相比,本发明公开提供了一种应用于复合陶瓷的BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体、复合陶瓷及制备方法,本发明中通过以BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体及原硅酸四乙酯为主料,采用掺杂、复合、包覆等手段制备低漏电流密度、低介电损耗和高剩余极化值的BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2复合陶瓷。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1附图为实施例1-3的XRD图;
图2附图为实施例4-6的漏电流密度对比;
图3附图为实施例4-6的剩余极化值对比;
图4附图为实施例8漏电流密度;
图5附图为实施例8电滞回线;
图6附图为BiFe0.99Al0.01O3及BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2的SEM及EDS图(a为BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体、b为BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2粉体、c为不同区域元素分析)。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
730℃下烧结2h,制备1mm厚度BiFeO3陶瓷:
步骤(1)按照BiFeO3的各元素化学计量比,称取23.30gBi2O3、7.98gFe2O3于玛瑙研钵中研磨均匀;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)研磨后的粉体置于高温炉中,于780℃下预烧2h,将预烧后的粉体置于球磨罐中,按球、料无水乙醇比3:1:1加入球磨珠,加入无水乙醇,在400rpm下球磨12h,球磨完毕后粉体过500目筛,80℃烘干12h获得BiFeO3粉体。取20g上面获得的粉体于玛瑙研钵中滴加20滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇,并混匀。
步骤(3)在步骤(2)中50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于730℃下烧结2h,制得BiFeO3陶瓷。
实施例2
780℃下烧结2h,制备1mm厚度BiFeO3陶瓷:
步骤(1)按照BiFeO3的各元素化学计量比,称取23.30gBi2O3、7.98gFe2O3于玛瑙研钵中研磨均匀;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)研磨后的粉体置于高温炉中,于810℃下预烧2h,将预烧后的粉体置于球磨罐中,按球、料无水乙醇比3:1:1加入球磨珠,加入无水乙醇,在400rpm下球磨12h,球磨完毕后粉体过500目筛,80℃烘干12h获得BiFeO3粉体。取20g上面获得的粉体于玛瑙研钵中滴加20滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇,并混匀。
步骤(3)在步骤(2)中50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于780℃下烧结2h,制得BiFeO3陶瓷。
实施例3
780℃下烧结4h,制备1mm厚度BiFeO3陶瓷:
步骤(1)按照BiFeO3的各元素化学计量比,称取23.30gBi2O3、7.98gFe2O3于玛瑙研钵中研磨均匀;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)研磨后的粉体置于高温炉中,于810℃下预烧2h,将预烧后的粉体置于球磨罐中,按球、料无水乙醇比3:1:1加入球磨珠,加入无水乙醇,在400rpm下球磨12h,球磨完毕后粉体过500目筛,80℃烘干12h获得BiFeO3粉体。取20g上面获得的粉体于玛瑙研钵中滴加20滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇,并混匀。
步骤(3)在步骤(2)中50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于780℃下烧结4h,制得BiFeO3陶瓷。
实施例1-3性能分析
BiFeO3热稳定差,烧结温度范围窄,烧结过程中容易产生杂项(Bi2Fe4O9andBi24A12O39)。杂项的产生直接导致了BiFeO3性能的下降,因此在后续制备过程中,以考虑以最佳工艺,合成纯相为主,再对其性能进行改进。通过对实施例1-3物相分析,实施例2制得的陶瓷样品具有最高纯度的物相。因此,在后续掺杂、包覆实施例中,本发明选用实施例2的工艺。
实施例4
采用实施例2工艺,选取x=0.005,制备1mm厚度BiFe0.995Al0.005O3陶瓷:
步骤(1)按照BiFe0.995Al0.005O3的各元素化学计量比,称取23.30gBi2O3、7.94gFe2O3及0.03gAl2O3于玛瑙研钵中研磨均匀;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)研磨后的粉体置于高温炉中,于810℃下预烧2h,将预烧后的粉体置于球磨罐中,按球、料无水乙醇比3:1:1加入球磨珠,加入无水乙醇,在400rpm下球磨12h,球磨完毕后粉体过500目筛,80℃烘干12h获得BiFe0.995Al0.005O3粉体。
步骤(3)取20g步骤(2)中获得的粉体于玛瑙研钵中滴加20滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇造粒,造粒完毕后粉体过40目筛,在50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于780℃下烧结2h,制得BiFe0.995Al0.005O3陶瓷。
实施例5
采用实施例2工艺,选取x=0.01,制备1mm厚度的BiFe0.99Al0.01O3陶瓷步骤(1)按照BiFe0.99Al0.01O3的各元素化学计量比称取23.30gBi2O3、7.90gFe2O3及0.06gAl2O3于玛瑙研钵中研磨均匀;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)研磨后的粉体置于高温炉中,于810℃下预烧2h,将预烧后的粉体置于球磨罐中,按球、料、无水乙醇比3:1:1加入球磨珠,加入无水乙醇,在400rpm下球磨12h,球磨完毕后粉体过500目筛,80℃烘干12h获得BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体。
步骤(3)取20g步骤(2)中获得的粉体于玛瑙研钵中滴加20滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇造粒,造粒完毕后粉体过40目筛,在50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于780℃下烧结2h,制得BiFe0.99Al0.01O3陶瓷。
实施例6
采用实施例2工艺,选取x=0.02,制备1mm厚度的BiFe0.98Al0.02O3陶瓷步骤(1)按照BiFe0.98Al0.02O3的各元素化学计量比称取23.30Bi2O3、7.82Fe2O3及0.12Al2O3于玛瑙研钵中研磨均匀;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)研磨后的粉体置于高温炉中,于810℃下预烧2h,将预烧后的粉体置于球磨罐中,按球、料、无水乙醇比3:1:1加入球磨珠,加入无水乙醇,在400rpm下球磨12h,球磨完毕后粉体过500目筛,80℃烘干12h获得BiFe0.98Al0.02O3粉体。
步骤(3)取20g步骤(2)中获得的粉体于玛瑙研钵中滴加20滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇造粒,造粒完毕后粉体过40目筛,在50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于780℃下烧结2h,制得BiFe0.98Al0.02O3陶瓷。
实施例4-6性能分析
少量的Al元素掺杂可减少BiFeO3陶瓷晶粒尺寸,降低漏电流密度,同时对其剩余极化值有所提升。但是掺杂量过多,容易产生大量杂项和氧空位,导致漏电流密度和剩余极化值的下降。通过对实例4-6漏电流密度和剩余极化值分析,实例2的陶瓷样品具有最低的漏电流密度(5×10-6A/cm2)和最高的剩余极化值(0.28μC/cm2)。因此在后续包覆试验中,本发明选用在实例5制得的BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体中进行SiO2包覆。
实施例7
选取x=0.01,制备BiFe0.99Al0.01O3与SiO2为98:2质量比的1mm厚BiFe0.995Al0.005O3@SiO2复合陶瓷。
复合陶瓷:BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体9.8g、原硅酸四乙酯0.67g
上述原料的制备方法:步骤(1)按照BiFe0.99Al0.01O3与SiO2为98:2质量比称取原料BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体及原硅酸四乙酯;
步骤(2)将BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体分散在30mL乙醇中,并在500rpm下密封搅拌1h得到悬浊液;
步骤(3)将步骤(2)得到的悬浊液,在1000rpm下搅拌,并同时超声处理60min;
步骤(4)将原硅酸四乙酯加入到步骤(3)超声处理后的悬浊液中,采用0.1mol/L氨水调节pH值至10,在500rpm下继续搅拌2h;
步骤(5)将步骤(4)中得到的悬浊液置于烘箱中,于80℃烘干24h得到粉体;将粉体于600℃下煅烧30min获得核壳结构的BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2粉体;
步骤(6)在步骤(5)中BiFe0.995Al0.005O3@SiO2粉体中滴加10滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇造粒,造粒完毕后粉体过40目筛,在50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于780℃下烧结2h,获得BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2的复合陶瓷。
实施例8
选取x=0.01,制备BiFe0.99Al0.01O3与SiO2为95:5质量比的1mm厚BiFe0.995Al0.005O3@SiO2复合陶瓷。
复合陶瓷:BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体9.5g、原硅酸四乙酯1.68g
上述原料的制备方法:步骤(1)按照BiFe0.99Al0.01O3与SiO2为98:2质量比称取原料BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体及原硅酸四乙酯;
步骤(2)将BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体分散在30mL乙醇中,并在500rpm下密封搅拌1h得到悬浊液;
步骤(3)将步骤(2)得到的悬浊液,在1000rpm下搅拌,并同时超声处理60min;
步骤(4)将原硅酸四乙酯加入到步骤(3)超声处理后的悬浊液中,采用0.1mol/L氨水调节pH值至10,在500rpm下继续搅拌2h;
步骤(5)将步骤(4)中得到的悬浊液置于烘箱中,于80℃烘干24h得到粉体;将粉体于600℃下煅烧30min获得核壳结构的BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2粉体;
步骤(6)在步骤(5)中BiFe0.995Al0.005O3@SiO2粉体中滴加10滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇造粒,造粒完毕后粉体过40目筛,在50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于780℃下烧结2h,获得BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2的复合陶瓷。
实施例9
选取x=0.01,制备BiFe0.99Al0.01O3与SiO2为94:6质量比的1mm厚BiFe0.995Al0.005O3@SiO2复合陶瓷。
复合陶瓷:BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体9.4g、原硅酸四乙酯2.01g
上述原料的制备方法:步骤(1)按照BiFe0.99Al0.01O3与SiO2为98:2质量比称取原料BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体及原硅酸四乙酯;
步骤(2)将BiFe0.99Al0.01O3粉体分散在30mL乙醇中,并在500rpm下密封搅拌1h得到悬浊液;
步骤(3)将步骤(2)得到的悬浊液,在1000rpm下搅拌,并同时超声处理60min;
步骤(4)将原硅酸四乙酯加入到步骤(3)超声处理后的悬浊液中,采用0.1mol/L氨水调节pH值至10,在500rpm下继续搅拌2h;
步骤(5)将步骤(4)中得到的悬浊液置于烘箱中,于80℃烘干24h得到粉体;将粉体于600℃下煅烧30min获得核壳结构的BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2粉体;
步骤(6)在步骤(5)中BiFe0.995Al0.005O3@SiO2粉体中滴加10滴质量百分数4wt%的聚乙烯醇造粒,造粒完毕后粉体过40目筛,在50MPa下压制成10mm×1mm的陶瓷素坯,将陶瓷素坯置于高温炉中,于780℃下烧结2h,获得BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2的复合陶瓷。
实施例7-9性能分析
实施例7-9中在BiFe0.995Al0.005O3颗粒表面包覆了SiO2壳层,可有效抑制BiFe0.995Al0.005O3晶粒长大,形成致密结构,且具有低漏电流密度和高剩余极化值的BiFeO3体系陶瓷。通过对实施例7-9的漏电流密度、电滞回线、得出实施例8中采用BiFe0.99Al0.01O3与SiO2为95:5质量比的BiFe0.995Al0.005O3@SiO2复合陶瓷具有最优电学性能,其漏电流密度为3.94×10-6A/cm2,剩余极化值为0.69μC/cm2,图6为BiFe0.99Al0.01O3与BiFe0.99Al0.01O3@SiO2粉体的SEM和不同区域元素分析,可见本发明在BiFe0.99Al0.01O3表面很好地包覆了SiO2壳层,且包覆均匀、无残缺。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言,由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应,所以描述的比较简单,相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种应用于复合陶瓷的BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体,其特征在于,所述BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体由Bi2O3、Fe2O3及Al2O3制备而成,并按照各元素化学计量比称量Bi2O3、Fe2O3和Al2O3,所述BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体中0.00≤x≤0.03。
2.一种应用于复合陶瓷的BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1)按照权利要求1中所述质量比称取原料Bi2O3、Fe2O3及Al2O3,并研磨;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)研磨后的的粉体预烧,将预烧后的粉体置于球磨罐中,按球料比(1-3):1加入球磨珠,然后加入无水乙醇,球磨,球磨完毕后粉体过400-500目筛,60-120℃下烘干12-24h获得BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体。
3.根据权利要求2中所述的一种应用于复合陶瓷的BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述预烧温度为700-850℃,预烧时间为0.5-5h;所述球磨转速为200-400rpm,球磨时间为4-12h。
4.一种复合陶瓷,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1所述的BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体,还包括二氧化硅,且BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体和二氧化硅的重量比为(99:1)-(94:6)。
5.根据权利要求4中一种复合陶瓷,其特征在于,所述二氧化硅是利用原硅酸四乙酯作为修饰剂,于pH为9-10的碱性条件下水解得到。
6.一种复合陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1)按照BiFe1-xAlxO3与无水乙醇的质量比为(0.25-0.5):1,将BiFe1-xAlxO3粉体分散在乙醇中,并搅拌得到悬浊液;
步骤(2)将步骤(1)得到的悬浊液,在搅拌的条件下,超声处理;
步骤(3)将原硅酸四乙酯加入到步骤(2)超声处理后的悬浊液中,调节pH值至9-10,继续搅拌;
步骤(4)将步骤(3)中得到的悬浊液烘干得到粉体;将粉体煅烧获得BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2粉体;
步骤(5)在步骤(4)中所述BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2粉体中滴加聚乙烯醇造粒,造粒完毕后粉体过筛,压制,烧结获得BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2的复合陶瓷。
7.根据权利要求6中所述的一种复合陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)和骤(2)中,所述搅拌速度为500-1000rpm,搅拌时间为30-60min。
8.根据权利要求6中所述的一种复合陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述搅拌时间为2-4h,搅拌速度为500-1000rpm。
9.根据权利要求6中所述的一种复合陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述烘干时间为12-24h,烘干温度为60-120℃;所述煅烧时间为10-60min,煅烧温度为500-700℃。
10.根据权利要求6中所述的一种复合陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,所述BiFe1-xAlxO3@SiO2粉体的质量与所述聚乙烯醇的体积比为(0.5-2):0.05;所述压强为30-70MPa;所述烧结时间为0.5-10h,烧结温度为750-900℃。
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