CN110507736B - 一种用于治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液及其制备方法。本发明的中药组合物是由马齿苋、生地黄、归尾、土牛膝、蒲黄、牡丹皮和延胡索组成,辅料包括pH调节剂、渗透压调节剂和防腐剂。本发明的原料中药物组成是通过系统配伍研究而成,具有明显突出的协同作用,其所述的制备方法可以显著提高药物活性,减轻毒副作用,药物生物利用度高,临床给药方便等优点。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液及其制备方法。
(二)背景技术
母畜子宫内膜炎是一种常见的疾病,是导致母畜不孕不育的重要原因之一,于牛、马、猪多发。由于子宫炎症、病菌毒素等各种因素的影响,导致繁殖系统出现病变,性周期紊乱,致使精子的活力降低、受精卵不易着床,屡配不孕。此病如果不能及时治疗,就会严重影响母畜的生产性能,给种畜场带来严重的经济损失。母畜子宫内膜炎的发病率很高,对奶牛场和规模化种猪场的危害巨大。据报道,子宫内膜炎在我国奶牛场的发病率约为20%~50%,由此导致不孕的比例占不孕奶牛的60%~90%,其中有10%左右被淘汰。在种猪场的生产过程中,常因为此病导致母猪受胎率下降、繁殖率降低,产死胎、弱胎增多,容易流产,产后母猪容易发病,泌乳量降低,仔猪免疫力下降,容易发病。如果长期发病,病情加重,就会增加母猪的淘汰率。经调查,规模化种猪场中,此病的发病率为20%~40%,由此淘汰的母猪占母猪淘汰总数的60%以上。
引起子宫内膜炎的因素很多,病因比较复杂,常常是因为几种因素共同作用的结果。分娩、助产时消毒不严;子宫脱出、胎衣不下处理不当或者子宫复旧不全、阴道外翻及脱出时有病原微生物侵入;人工授精时消毒不严等,引起子宫内膜炎,流产或者死胎,遗留感染等,都是诱发子宫内膜炎的因素。
目前,防治子宫内膜炎,主要以抗菌药物和激素为主,虽然疗效显著,但是大剂量的使用,会降低母畜的繁殖性能,同时还会在畜产品中残留,危害人体健康。毒性低、无残留、不易产生耐药性的中药越来越受到人们的关注。采用中药来治疗子宫内膜炎,效果不错。
(三)发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种标本兼治,疗效稳定,安全方便,价格低廉的中药灌注液及其制备方法。所述中药灌注液在治疗母畜子宫内膜炎方面具有预料不到的技术效果。采用灌注液能直接作用于病变部位,避免了口服制剂的首过效应,药物用量少,起效快,不良反应少,在治疗子宫内膜炎方面具有更加显著的效果。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供一种用于治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液,其特征在于,所述中药灌注液原料包括90~100重量份的马齿苋、35~38重量份的生地黄、30~32重量份的归尾、40~50重量份的土牛膝、15~18重量份的蒲黄、20~25重量份的牡丹皮、26~30重量份的延胡索,辅料包括pH调节剂、渗透压调节剂和防腐剂。
优选地,上述的治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液,其特征在于,所述马齿苋为新鲜马齿苋的茎叶部分;
优选地,上述的治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液,其特征在于,所述中药灌注液含原生药材量为1.28~2.93g/ml;
优选地,上述的治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液,其特征在于,所述pH调节剂选自氢氧化钠或碳酸氢钠;所述的渗透压调节剂为氯化钠,所述渗透压调节剂的用量为所述中药灌注液的0.85~0.95%(w/v);所述的防腐剂为苯酚,所述防腐剂的用量为所述中药灌注液的0.8~1.0%(w/v)。
本发明还提供一种制备上述治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下工艺步骤:按配方取马齿苋、生地黄、归尾、土牛膝、蒲黄、牡丹皮、延胡索,提取,浓缩,分级醇沉,脱色,加入pH调节剂,离心,取上清液,加入渗透压调节剂、防腐剂,灭菌,制得所述中药灌注液。
优选地,上述方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下工艺步骤:
a、按配方,将马齿苋清洗干净,加水榨汁,滤去药渣,滤液加盐酸调pH值至3.0~3.5,加热煮沸后冷却,4~10℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液加氢氧化钠调pH值至6.0~7.0,备用;
b、按配方,将生地黄、归尾、土牛膝、牡丹皮、延胡索五味药材粉碎成粒径为2.5~5.0mm的颗粒,投入中药提取罐中,将蒲黄装入棉布袋封口后投入中药提取罐中,加水浸泡至药材完全浸透后,加乙醇至含醇量为60~70%,加热至75~80℃,超声浸提二次,每次1.0~1.5小时,合并药液,减压回收乙醇至无醇味,备用;
c、合并步骤a、b的提取液,减压浓缩至药材质量0.5~1.0倍的体积,加乙醇至含醇量为80~85%,8~10℃冷藏12小时,滤取上清液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,加纯化水至全量,加0.2~0.5%(w/v)的活性炭,加热煮沸后冷却,加氢氧化钠调pH值至6.0~7.0,4~10℃冷藏12小时,12000r/min在线离心,取上清液加入0.85~0.95%(w/v)的氯化钠和0.8~1.0%(w/v)的苯酚,搅拌溶解,用0.22μm的钛棒过滤器过滤,制得所述中药灌注液;
优选地,所述步骤c的加纯化水至全量为所述中药灌注液含原生药材量为1.28~2.93g/ml。
本发明中所述“%(w/v)”是指每100ml溶液中含有溶质1g,例如所述渗透压调节剂的用量为所述中药灌注液的0.85~0.95%(w/v)是指每100ml中药灌注液中含有0.85~0.95g的渗透压调节剂。
本发明所述中药灌注液符合《中国兽药典》2015年版的外用液体制剂的要求。
本发明的中药灌注液,通过输精管使药物能直接作用于患病部位-子宫,可避免肝脏的首过效应,减少药物用量,提高药物疗效,也可解决中药气味不适性带来的给药困难;与现在常用中药制剂-散剂、口服液相比,拥有给药剂量小、药物生物利用度高、临床给药方便等优点。本发明的原料中药物组成是通过系统配伍研究而成,具有明显突出的协同作用;其所述的制备方法可以显著提高药物活性,减轻毒副作用,所得到的中药灌注液在治疗母畜子宫内膜炎上具有意想不到的技术效果。
(四)具体实施方式:
本发明通过以下实施例进一步详述,但不限于本实施例。
实施例1:一种用于治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a、取马齿苋95g清洗干净,加水榨汁,滤去药渣,滤液加盐酸调pH值至3.2,加热煮沸后冷却,4℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液加氢氧化钠调pH值至6.5,备用;
b、取生地黄35g、归尾32g、土牛膝45g、牡丹皮25g、延胡索30g五味药材粉碎成粒径为5.0mm的颗粒,投入中药提取罐中,取蒲黄15g装入棉布袋封口后投入中药提取罐中,加水浸泡至药材完全浸透后,加乙醇至含醇量为60%,加热至80℃,超声浸提二次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1.0小时,合并药液,减压回收乙醇至无醇味,备用;
c、合并步骤a、b的提取液,减压浓缩至200ml,加乙醇至含醇量为80%,8℃冷藏12小时,滤取上清液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,加纯化水至150ml,加0.3%(w/v)的活性炭,加热煮沸后冷却,加氢氧化钠调pH值至6.5,4℃冷藏12小时,12000r/min在线离心,取上清液加入0.9%(w/v)的氯化钠和0.8%(w/v)的苯酚,搅拌溶解,用0.22μm的钛棒过滤器过滤,制得所述中药灌注液一。
实施例2:一种用于治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a、取马齿苋100g清洗干净,加水榨汁,滤去药渣,滤液加盐酸调pH值至3.5,加热煮沸后冷却,8℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液加氢氧化钠调pH值至7.0,备用;
b、取生地黄38g、归尾30g、土牛膝40g、牡丹皮22g、延胡索26g五味药材粉碎成粒径为3.0mm的颗粒,投入中药提取罐中,取蒲黄18g装入棉布袋封口后投入中药提取罐中,加水浸泡至药材完全浸透后,加乙醇至含醇量为70%,加热至75℃,超声浸提二次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1.5小时,合并药液,减压回收乙醇至无醇味,备用;
c、合并步骤a、b的提取液,减压浓缩至180ml,加乙醇至含醇量为75%,10℃冷藏12小时,滤取上清液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,加纯化水至180ml,加0.4%(w/v)的活性炭,加热煮沸后冷却,加氢氧化钠调pH值至6.0,6℃冷藏12小时,12000r/min在线离心,取上清液加入0.85%(w/v)的氯化钠和1.0%(w/v)的苯酚,搅拌溶解,用0.22μm的钛棒过滤器过滤,制得所述中药灌注液二。
本发明的技术方案是通过系统的药物处方筛选方法研究而得,如不遵循本发明所述技术方案中的原料组成重量份数关系及制备方法,则所得药物临床效果显著低于本发明所述中药灌注液。
将马齿苋40g、生地黄40g、归尾35g、土牛膝35g、蒲黄20g、牡丹皮20g、延胡索20g,投入中药提取罐中,加入3000ml水加热至100℃,煎煮二次,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至150ml,加95%乙醇使含醇量达到70%,搅匀,4℃环境中放置12小时,取上清液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,12000r/min在线离心,上清液加纯化水至150ml,加入0.9%(w/v)的氯化钠和0.12%(w/v)的苯酚,搅拌溶解,即得对照药液。
药物临床效果对照:
2019年3月至5月在安徽省滁州市定远县炉桥镇养猪场进行治疗子宫内膜炎的临床试验。患子宫内膜炎的母猪均在产后一周后出现精神倦怠,体温升高,食欲减少,弓腰努责,腹痛拒按,阴户外有恶露结痂,排炎性分泌物或脓血,淋漓不尽,有腥臭味。药物使用时采用子宫灌注的方式,将药液温水浴至35℃左右,对器械及患病猪外阴部进行消毒,利用输精管将药液50ml注入子宫内,隔天1次,2~3次为一个疗程。阳性药物组采用猪场常规药物0.05%聚维酮碘100ml进行子宫冲洗,在灌注0.05%金霉素20ml进行治疗。试验结果见下表。
表1 各组试验猪临床治疗效果
组别 | 病例数(头) | 治愈数/率% | 有效数/率% | 无效数/率% | 总有效率(%) |
阳性药物组 | 15 | 10/66.7a | 2/13.3 | 3/20.0 | 80.0a |
中药灌注液二组 | 21 | 17/81.0bA | 2/9.5 | 2/9.5 | 90.5bA |
中药灌注液二组 | 22 | 17/77.3bA | 3/13.6 | 2/9.1 | 90.9bA |
对照药液组 | 18 | 8/44.4cB | 4/22.2 | 6/33.3 | 66.7cB |
注:采用X2检验,小写字母不同表示差异显著(P<0.05);大写字母不同表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。
上述结果说明,本发明的中药灌注液治愈率和总有效率都高于阳性药物组,且差异显著(P<0.05);本发明的中药灌注液治愈率和总有效率都显著高于对照药液组,且差异极显著(P<0.01),这说明本发明的中药灌注液对母畜子宫内膜炎疗效显著。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液,其特征在于,所述中药灌注液原料为:90~100重量份的马齿苋、35~38重量份的生地黄、30~32重量份的归尾、40~50重量份的土牛膝、15~18重量份的蒲黄、20~25重量份的牡丹皮、26~30重量份的延胡索;
所述马齿苋为新鲜马齿苋的茎叶部分;
所述的中药灌注液含原生药材量为1.28~2.93g/ml;
所述中药灌注液辅料包括pH调节剂、渗透压调节剂和防腐剂;
所述pH调节剂选自氢氧化钠或碳酸氢钠;所述的渗透压调节剂为氯化钠,所述渗透压调节剂的用量为所述中药灌注液的0.85~0.95%(w/v);所述的防腐剂为苯酚,所述防腐剂的用量为所述中药灌注液的0.8~1.0%(w/v)。
2.一种制备权利要求1所述的治疗母畜子宫内膜炎的中药灌注液的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下工艺步骤:按配方取马齿苋、生地黄、归尾、土牛膝、蒲黄、牡丹皮、延胡索,提取,浓缩,分级醇沉,脱色,加入pH调节剂,离心,取上清液,加入渗透压调节剂、防腐剂,灭菌,制得所述中药灌注液;
具体工艺步骤如下:
a、按配方,将马齿苋清洗干净,加水榨汁,滤去药渣,滤液加盐酸调pH值至3.0~3.5,加热煮沸后冷却,4~10℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液加氢氧化钠调pH值至6.0~7.0,备用;
b、按配方,将生地黄、归尾、土牛膝、牡丹皮、延胡索五味药材粉碎成粒径为2.5~5.0mm的颗粒,投入中药提取罐中,将蒲黄装入棉布袋封口后投入中药提取罐中,加水浸泡至药材完全浸透后,加乙醇至含醇量为60~70%,加热至75~80℃,超声浸提二次,每次1.0~1.5小时,合并药液,减压回收乙醇至无醇味,备用;
c、合并步骤a、b的提取液,减压浓缩至药材质量0.5~1.0倍的体积,加乙醇至含醇量为80~85%,8~10℃冷藏12小时,滤取上清液减压回收乙醇至无醇味,加纯化水至全量,加0.2~0.5%(w/v)的活性炭,加热煮沸后冷却,加氢氧化钠调pH值至6.0~7.0,4~10℃冷藏12小时,12000r/min在线离心,取上清液加入0.85~0.95%(w/v)的氯化钠和0.8~1.0%(w/v)的苯酚,搅拌溶解,用0.22μm的钛棒过滤器过滤,制得所述中药灌注液。
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