CN110494810A - 电子照相设备用导电性辊 - Google Patents
电子照相设备用导电性辊 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110494810A CN110494810A CN201880024777.8A CN201880024777A CN110494810A CN 110494810 A CN110494810 A CN 110494810A CN 201880024777 A CN201880024777 A CN 201880024777A CN 110494810 A CN110494810 A CN 110494810A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- protective layer
- conductive roll
- layer
- photographing device
- axis body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- -1 maleimide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011532 electronic conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 235000019593 adhesiveness Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 10
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 8
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 7
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229940043265 methyl isobutyl ketone Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-1,2-benzoxazine Chemical group C1=CC=C2C=CNOC2=C1 CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical class OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940075614 colloidal silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylenediamine Natural products C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005558 epichlorohydrin rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMTFKWDCWOTPGJ-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoic acid;tin Chemical compound [Sn].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O QMTFKWDCWOTPGJ-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N1CC1CO1 OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWFUFCYGHRBLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1N1C(=O)C=CC1=O LWFUFCYGHRBLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUKLCKVOVCZYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)ethyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1CCN1C(=O)C=CC1=O PUKLCKVOVCZYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPJGAEWUPXWFPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)=C1 IPJGAEWUPXWFPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORQOWEDKMXGKDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)benzoyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=1C=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=CC=1C(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1N1C(=O)C=CC1=O ORQOWEDKMXGKDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOJRVZIYCCJCRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenoxy]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical class O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XOJRVZIYCCJCRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXZWXBTZYQSCRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]sulfanylphenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical class O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 ZXZWXBTZYQSCRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYVHLZLQVWXBDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)hexyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1CCCCCCN1C(=O)C=CC1=O PYVHLZLQVWXBDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZNRUKFQQNBZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[[2-[(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)methyl]phenyl]methyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1CC1=CC=CC=C1CN1C(=O)C=CC1=O YZNRUKFQQNBZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMEDJBFVJUFIDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(carboxymethyl)phenyl]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1CC(O)=O MMEDJBFVJUFIDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNRLEMMIVRBKJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-dimethylaniline) Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 JNRLEMMIVRBKJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5K8XI641G3 Chemical compound CCC1=NC=C(C)N1 ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BFHIGGJUBGXSIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C1CO1)OC(C1C(C(=O)O)C=CCC1)=O Chemical compound C(C1CO1)OC(C1C(C(=O)O)C=CCC1)=O BFHIGGJUBGXSIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003522 acrylic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VIRPUNZTLGQDDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCl VIRPUNZTLGQDDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- MPSZITJFIKCNBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-imine Chemical compound N=C1CC=CC=C1 MPSZITJFIKCNBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQLDLKMNUJERMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L di(octadecanoyloxy)lead Chemical compound [Pb+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UQLDLKMNUJERMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002681 hypalon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Pb+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SGGOJYZMTYGPCH-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Mn+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 SGGOJYZMTYGPCH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- JAYXSROKFZAHRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline Chemical compound C1OC1CN(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1CO1 JAYXSROKFZAHRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCHKEJKUUXXBSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-2-(3-formylindol-1-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(C=O)=CN1CC(=O)NCC1=CC=CC=C1 RCHKEJKUUXXBSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-3-morpholin-4-ylpropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN1CCOCC1 WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOEWQQVKRJEPAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinylcholine chloride (anhydrous) Chemical class [Cl-].[Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C YOEWQQVKRJEPAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHAFDJWJDDPMDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(phenyl)phosphanium Chemical compound C[P+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WHAFDJWJDDPMDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/02—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices
- G03G15/0208—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices by contact, friction or induction, e.g. liquid charging apparatus
- G03G15/0216—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices by contact, friction or induction, e.g. liquid charging apparatus by bringing a charging member into contact with the member to be charged, e.g. roller, brush chargers
- G03G15/0233—Structure, details of the charging member, e.g. chemical composition, surface properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/06—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/092—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/02—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/042—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/045—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/12—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising natural rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/16—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising polydienes homopolymers or poly-halodienes homopolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/18—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising butyl or halobutyl rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/16—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin specially treated, e.g. irradiated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G15/0806—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller
- G03G15/0818—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller characterised by the structure of the donor member, e.g. surface properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/14—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base
- G03G15/16—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer
- G03G15/1665—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer by introducing the second base in the nip formed by the recording member and at least one transfer member, e.g. in combination with bias or heat
- G03G15/167—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer by introducing the second base in the nip formed by the recording member and at least one transfer member, e.g. in combination with bias or heat at least one of the recording member or the transfer member being rotatable during the transfer
- G03G15/1685—Structure, details of the transfer member, e.g. chemical composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/107—Ceramic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/107—Ceramic
- B32B2264/108—Carbon, e.g. graphite particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0207—Materials belonging to B32B25/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/51—Elastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
- B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
- B32B2307/7244—Oxygen barrier
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrophotography Configuration And Component (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
提供一种由芯棒构成的轴体的防锈性优异的电子照相设备用导电性辊。电子照相设备用导电性辊10具备由芯棒构成的轴体12、在轴体12的外周形成的保护层14以及在保护层14的外周形成的导电性橡胶弹性体层16,导电性橡胶弹性体层16含有包含卤素原子的橡胶,保护层14由含有下述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料的组合物的交联体构成:(a)具有两个以上马来酰亚胺基的多官能马来酰亚胺化合物;(b)苯并噁嗪化合物;(c)环氧树脂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电子照相设备用导电性辊。
背景技术
在采用电子照相方式的复印机、打印机、传真机等电子照相设备中,在感光鼓的周围,配设有带电辊、显影辊、转印辊、调色剂供给辊等导电性辊。作为导电性辊,已知在芯棒的外周具有导电性弹性层的导电性辊。例如,在专利文献1中,示出了在导电性支承轴的外周具有导电性弹性层的导电性辊,该导电性弹性层含有包含卤素原子的橡胶。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特许第4662542号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
在导电性辊中,作为芯棒,通常只要是具有导电性的芯棒即可,从这一点出发,对材料没有限定,但是从成本、加工性等方面考虑,大多使用以铁或不锈钢作为基材的芯棒。但是,若导电性弹性层中含有卤素原子,则存在以铁或不锈钢作为基材的芯棒容易生锈的问题。虽然还可以考虑通过对芯棒的基材施以电镀来抑制生锈,但是若为了获得稳定的防锈性而增加电镀的厚度则会使成本增加。另外,在该电镀为镀Ni的情况下,容易产生针孔的缺陷,在该缺陷中难以抑制生锈。
在专利文献1中,将含有卤素原子的导电性弹性层通过具有酚醛树脂、环氧树脂以及导电剂的导电性粘合剂粘合于导电性支承轴的外周。但是,在该构成中,在以铁或不锈钢作为基材的芯棒中抑制生锈的效果仍不充分。
本发明所要解决的问题在于提供一种由芯棒构成的轴体的防锈性优异的电子照相设备用导电性辊。
用于解决问题的方法
为了解决上述问题,本发明所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊的要点在于,具备由芯棒构成的轴体、在上述轴体的外周形成的保护层以及在上述保护层的外周形成的导电性橡胶弹性体层,上述导电性橡胶弹性体层含有包含卤素原子的橡胶,上述保护层由含有下述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料的组合物的交联体构成。
(a)具有两个以上马来酰亚胺基的多官能马来酰亚胺化合物
(b)苯并噁嗪化合物
(c)环氧树脂
上述组合物优选进一步含有(d)二氧化硅颗粒。上述(d)的一次粒径优选为5~30nm的范围内。以上述(a)~(c)的合计为100质量份计,上述(d)的含量优选为50~100质量份的范围内。上述(c)优选含有三官能的环氧树脂。优选在上述保护层和上述导电性橡胶弹性体层之间设置有含有酚醛树脂的粘合层。上述粘合层优选含有电子导电剂。上述保护层优选含有电子导电剂。以上述(a)~(c)的合计为100质量份计,上述保护层中的电子导电剂的含量优选为7.5~15质量份的范围内。
发明效果
根据本发明所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊,由于在由芯棒构成的轴体的外周设置有由含有上述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料的组合物的交联体构成的保护层,因此能够抑制由导电性橡胶弹性体层中所含有的卤素原子导致的轴体生锈。
若上述组合物进一步含有(d)二氧化硅颗粒,则可提高保护层的阻隔性,从而可提高轴体的防锈性。另外,若上述(d)的一次粒径为5~30nm的范围内,则可提高保护层的阻隔性,从而可提高轴体的防锈性。另外,以上述(a)~(c)的合计为100质量份计,若上述(d)的含量为50~100质量份的范围内,则保护层相对于轴体的粘合性和轴体的防锈性的提高效果之间的平衡优异。
而且,若上述(c)含有三官能的环氧树脂,则可提高保护层的耐热性。因此,能够形成含有酚醛树脂的粘合层。而且,若在保护层和导电性橡胶弹性体层之间设置含有酚醛树脂的粘合层,则可提高轴体与导电性橡胶弹性体层之间的粘合性。
而且,若上述粘合层含有电子导电剂,则可提高轴体与导电性橡胶弹性体层之间的粘合性。另外,若上述保护层含有电子导电剂,则可提高轴体与导电性橡胶弹性体层之间的粘合性。
附图说明
图1中的(a)是本发明的一个实施方式所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊的外观立体图,图1中的(b)是A-A线剖视图。
图2是本发明的另一实施方式所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊的径向剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下,使用附图对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。
图1中的(a)是本发明的一个实施方式所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊的外观立体图,图1中的(b)是径向剖视图(A-A线剖视图)。
如图1所示,本发明的一个实施方式所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊(以下,有时简称为导电性辊10)具备由芯棒构成的轴体12、在轴体12的外周形成的保护层14以及在保护层14的外周形成的导电性橡胶弹性体层16。在导电性辊10中,保护层14与轴体12和导电性橡胶弹性体层16的双方接触。
轴体12通常只要是具有导电性的轴体即可,从这一点出发,对材料没有限定,但是从成本、加工性等方面考虑,在本发明中使用以铁或不锈钢作为基材的轴体。轴体12既可以仅由基材构成,也可以是在基材的表面具有一层或两层以上的通过电镀等形成的金属层的构成。该情况下的金属层是从提高防锈性、提高与保护层14之间的粘附性等观点出发而形成的。从成本的观点出发,轴体12优选仅由基材构成,但是从防锈性优异、与保护层14之间的粘附性优异等观点出发,轴体12优选为在基材的表面具有一层或两层以上的金属层的构成。
在基材的表面形成的金属层由具有导电性的金属构成。作为这样的金属层的金属,可列举为镍等。而且,从施工性、粘附性等观点出发,在基材的表面形成的金属层优选通过电镀来形成。电镀包括无电解电镀和电解电镀,从膜厚的均匀性优异、针孔等缺陷少等观点出发,优选为无电解电镀。
从防锈性优异、与保护层14之间的粘附性优异等观点出发,在基材的表面形成的金属层的厚度优选为比较厚的厚度(具体而言为10μm以上),但是成本会随着厚度的增大而相应地增加,因此从成本的观点出发,优选为3μm以下。
轴体12的形状只要是能够构成轴体12的形状,就没有特别限定,既可以是由实心体构成的圆棒状,也可以是将内部挖通成中空而成的圆筒状。
导电性橡胶弹性体层16含有包含卤素原子的橡胶。优选作为导电性橡胶弹性体层16的主要成分而含有包含卤素原子的橡胶。作为包含卤素原子的橡胶,可列举为环氧氯丙烷橡胶、氯丁橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶、氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶等。除了橡胶成分以外,导电性橡胶弹性体层16还可以含有用于提高导电性的导电剂(电子导电剂、离子导电剂)。另外,除了橡胶成分以外,还可以含有1种或2种以上的增量剂、增强剂、加工助剂、抗氧化剂、增塑剂、紫外线吸收剂、润滑剂等添加剂。
作为电子导电剂,可列举为炭黑、石墨、钛酸钾、氧化铁、导电性氧化钛、导电性氧化锌、导电性氧化锡等。作为离子导电剂,可列举为季铵盐、硼酸盐、表面活性剂等。
对导电性橡胶弹性体层16的厚度没有特别限定,但通常形成为0.1~10mm左右,优选为1~5mm。从使得导电性优异等观点出发,导电性橡胶弹性体层16的体积固有电阻率优选为1.0×105~5.0×108Ω·cm的范围内。导电性橡胶弹性体层16既可以是密实状的未发泡体,也可以是海绵状等的发泡体。
保护层14是将由芯棒构成的轴体12的外周表面覆盖,保护(抑制)轴体12的外周表面与水、氧气、卤素离子、氢离子等接触的层。另外,还作为将轴体12与导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间粘合的层而发挥功能。保护层14由含有下述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料的组合物的交联体构成。
(a)具有两个以上马来酰亚胺基的多官能马来酰亚胺化合物
(b)苯并噁嗪化合物
(c)环氧树脂
在本发明中使用的多官能马来酰亚胺化合物是具有两个以上马来酰亚胺基的化合物,可以由下述通式(1)表示。
[化1]
在式(1)中,R1为k价的有机基团,R2、R3为氢原子或1价的有机基团。有机基团既可以是仅由C以及H构成的烃基,也可以是除了C以及H以外还包含N、O、S等杂原子、卤素原子的基团。K为2以上的整数,优选为2~10的整数。R2、R3既可以是彼此相同的基团,也可以是不同的基团。
在式(1)中,作为R1,可列举为亚烷基、亚芳基等。就亚烷基而言,可列举为碳原子数为1~20的亚烷基。亚烷基可列举为链状亚烷基、环状亚烷基。链状亚烷基可以为直链状、支链状中的任一种。作为链状亚烷基,可列举为亚甲基、亚乙基、六亚甲基等。就亚芳基而言,可列举为碳原子数为1~20的亚芳基。作为亚芳基,可列举为亚苯基、甲基亚苯基等。
在式(1)中,作为R2、R3的有机基团,可列举为碳原子数为1~20的烷基或芳基。烷基为甲基、乙基、丙基等。芳基为苯基、取代苯基、萘基、取代萘基等。
作为这样的多官能马来酰亚胺化合物,例如可列举为N,N'-亚乙基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-六亚甲基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-(1,3-亚苯基)双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-[1,3-(2-甲基亚苯基)]双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-(1,4-亚苯基)双马来酰亚胺、双(4-马来酰亚胺基苯基)甲烷、双(3-甲基-4-马来酰亚胺基苯基)甲烷、双(4-马来酰亚胺基苯基)醚、双(4-马来酰亚胺基苯基)砜、双(4-马来酰亚胺基苯基)硫醚、双(4-马来酰亚胺基苯基)酮、双(4-马来酰亚胺基环己基)甲烷、1,4-双(4-马来酰亚胺基苯基)环己烷、1,4-双(4-马来酰亚胺基甲基)环己烷、1,4-双(马来酰亚胺基甲基)苯、1,3-双(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯、双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]甲烷、1,1-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]乙烷、1,1-双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]乙烷、1,2-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]乙烷、1,2-双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]乙烷、2,2-双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]丙烷、2,2-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]丁烷、2,2-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]丁烷、2,2-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1,3,3,3六氟丙烷、2,2-双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1,3,3,3六氟丙烷、4,4'-双(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)联苯、4,4'-双(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)联苯、双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]酮、双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]酮、双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]硫醚、双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]硫醚、双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]亚砜、双[4-(4-(马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]亚砜、双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]砜、双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]砜、双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]醚、双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)苯基]醚、1,4-双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)-α,α-二甲苯]苯、1,3-双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)-α,α-二甲苯]苯、1,4-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)-α,α-二甲苯]苯、1,3-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)-α,α-二甲苯]苯、1,4-双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)-3,5-二甲基-α,α-二甲苯]苯、1,3-双[4-(4-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)-3,5-二甲基-α,α-二甲苯]苯、1,4-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)-3,5-二甲基-α,α-二甲苯]苯、1,3-双[4-(3-马来酰亚胺基苯氧基)-3,5-二甲基-α,α-二甲苯]苯等。
另外,作为多官能马来酰亚胺化合物,除了上述的非聚合物以外,还可以列举为下述通式(2)(3)所示的聚合物。
[化2]
[化3]
在式(2)(3)中,n、m表示重复单元数,平均值为0~10。在式(2)(3)中,亚甲基是与芳香环的2位或3位键合的基团,R是与未键合亚甲基的任意位置键合1个或2个以上的取代基。作为R,可列举为碳原子数为1~20的烷基、芳基等。
在本发明中使用的苯并噁嗪化合物是在分子内具有苯并噁嗪环的化合物。作为苯并噁嗪化合物,没有特别限定,从保护层14的交联性、固化性等观点出发,优选为在一个分子内具有两个以上的苯并噁嗪环的化合物。作为苯并噁嗪化合物的具体例,例如可列举为双酚A型苯并噁嗪化合物、双酚F型苯并噁嗪化合物等那样的通过双酚化合物和胺化合物(例如苯胺等)以及甲醛的反应而获得的Fa型苯并噁嗪化合物、二氨基二苯基甲烷型苯并噁嗪化合物等那样的通过苯二胺化合物和酚类化合物以及甲醛的反应而获得的Pd型苯并噁嗪化合物。上述苯并噁嗪化合物可以使用作为市售品而能够获取的苯并噁嗪化合物。上述苯并噁嗪化合物为非聚合物。在Fa型苯并噁嗪化合物和Pd型苯并噁嗪化合物之中,从耐热性更加优异等观点出发,优选为Pd型苯并噁嗪化合物。
例如,作为Fa型苯并噁嗪化合物的双酚F型苯并噁嗪化合物具有以下式(4)那样的结构。其通过双酚F和苯胺以及甲醛的反应来获得。
[化4]
例如,Pd型苯并噁嗪化合物具有以下式(5)那样的结构。其通过4,4'-亚甲基二苯胺和苯酚以及甲醛的反应来获得。
[化5]
在本发明中使用的环氧树脂能够提高保护层14相对于由金属构成的轴体12的粘附性。对本发明中使用的环氧树脂没有特别限定,例如可列举为双酚型环氧树脂、酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、脂环式环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯类、缩水甘油胺类、杂环式环氧树脂、溴化环氧树脂等。作为双酚型环氧树脂,可列举为双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂、双酚S型环氧树脂等。作为酚醛清漆型环氧树脂,可列举为苯酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、甲酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、双酚A酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、二环戊二烯酚醛清漆型环氧树脂等。作为脂环式环氧树脂,可列举为3,4-环氧-6-甲基环己基甲基-3,4-环氧-6-甲基环己烷羧酸酯、3,4-环氧环己基甲基-3,4-环氧环己烷羧酸酯、1-环氧乙基-3,4-环氧环己烷等。作为缩水甘油酯类,可列举为邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、四氢邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、二聚酸缩水甘油酯等。作为缩水甘油胺类,可列举为四缩水甘油基二氨基二苯基甲烷、三缩水甘油基P-氨基苯酚,N,N-二缩水甘油基苯胺等。作为杂环式环氧树脂,可列举为1,3-二缩水甘油基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲、异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯等。作为溴化环氧树脂,可列举为四溴双酚A型环氧树脂、四溴双酚F型环氧树脂、溴化甲酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、溴化苯酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂等。
在本发明中使用的环氧树脂优选含有三官能的环氧树脂。由此,由于交联度变大,因此保护层14的耐热性提高。于是能够形成含有酚醛树脂的粘合层。在本发明中使用的环氧树脂既可以仅由三官能的环氧树脂构成,也可以由三官能的环氧树脂和二官能或单官能的环氧树脂的组合构成。
保护层14可以根据需要含有二氧化硅颗粒、导电剂等。另外,可以含有流平剂、抗氧化剂、加工剂、稳定剂等。
从分散性、均匀性等观点出发,(d)二氧化硅颗粒优选为纳米级尺寸的纳米颗粒。更具体而言,优选一次粒径为5~30nm的范围内的二氧化硅颗粒。在保护层14中,以(a)~(c)的合计为100质量份计,(d)二氧化硅颗粒的含量优选为50~100质量份的范围内。更优选为50~80质量份的范围内。
作为导电剂,可列举为电子导电剂、离子导电剂等。作为电子导电剂,可列举为炭黑、石墨、钛酸钾、氧化铁、导电性氧化钛、导电性氧化锌、导电性氧化锡等。作为离子导电剂,可列举为季铵盐、硼酸盐、表面活性剂等。在保护层14中,以(a)~(c)的合计为100质量份计,电子导电剂的含量优选为7.5~15质量份的范围内。
可以使用保护层形成用组合物来形成保护层14。保护层形成用组合物含有上述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料以及将上述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料溶解的低沸点溶剂。作为低沸点溶剂,可列举为甲基乙基酮(MEK)、甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)、环己烷等。保护层形成用组合物还可以根据需要含有上述二氧化硅颗粒、上述导电剂、流平剂、抗氧化剂、加工剂、固化促进剂、稳定剂等。
作为固化促进剂,可列举为2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-庚咪唑等咪唑类;三乙醇胺、三亚乙基二胺、N-甲基吗啉等胺类;三苯基膦、三甲苯基膦等有机膦类;四苯基鏻四苯基硼酸盐、三乙基四苯基硼酸铵等四苯基硼盐类;1,8-二氮杂双环(5,4,0)十一碳-7-烯及其衍生物;环烷酸铅、硬脂酸铅、环烷酸锌、油酸锡、环烷酸锰、环烷酸钴、辛酸钴等有机金属盐等。上述固化促进剂可以单独使用,也可以两种以上并用,并且还可以根据需要并用有机过氧化物、偶氮化合物等。
可以按照如下方法制备保护层形成用组合物。首先,将上述(a)~(c)熔融混合。可以通过至少配合(a)~(c)并对其进行加热混合来进行上述(a)~(c)的熔融混合。此时,可以根据需要一并配合上述二氧化硅颗粒、上述导电剂、流平剂、抗氧化剂、加工剂、稳定剂等并进行加热混合。其中,在该熔融混合时不配合固化促进剂。这是为了不进行多官能马来酰亚胺化合物、环氧树脂的交联反应。
熔融混合时的加热温度为上述(a)~(c)的混合物熔融的温度以上即可。例如可以设为100℃以上的温度。另外,可以设为150℃以上的温度。另外,该加热温度优选为400℃以下。更优选为200℃以下。对加热混合的时间没有特别限定,从(a)~(c)的混合物成为熔融状态起0.1~10分钟左右即可。作为加热混合手段,可列举为捏合机、双螺杆挤出机等混合机。在形成(a)~(c)的熔融混合状态之后,在例如5~100℃的环境下等自然冷却或者使用例如-20~80℃的制冷剂进行强制冷却来进行冷却,由此得到固体状的材料。可以使用粉碎机对固体状的材料进行粉碎并在干燥状态下进行保存。
接着,将上述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料溶解于上述低沸点溶剂中。此时,可以加热至规定的温度,也可以在常温下进行。在溶解时,在进行加热的情况下,该加热温度为比上述低沸点溶剂的沸点低的温度,优选为100℃以下。更优选为80℃以下。固化促进剂可以在将上述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料溶解于上述低沸点溶剂中之后再添加在该溶液中。如上所述,能够制备保护层形成用组合物。
(a)的多官能马来酰亚胺化合物在低沸点的通用有机溶剂中的溶解性通常较差。但是,若像本发明这样对(a)~(c)进行熔融混合,则获得的材料能够溶解在上述低沸点溶剂中。据推测这是因为在(a)~(c)的熔融混合时,(a)和(b)发生反应变为溶解性较高的化合物。(b)通过加热而发生开环反应,成为具有苯酚基的分子。由此产生的苯酚基与(a)的不饱和键发生反应而成键。据推测这样得到的化合物的溶解性较高。根据其溶解性,所获得的材料为未交联的材料。
这样,通过对(a)~(c)进行熔融混合,能够将所获得的材料溶解于低沸点的通用有机溶剂中。而且,由此能够形成成为用于形成保护层14的前体的均匀的涂布用液,在该涂布用液中能够抑制溶解性较低的(a)的析出,因此提高由此形成的保护层14的阻隔性。另外,(b)通过加热而形成苯酚基并作为(c)的交联剂而发挥功能,但是通过对(a)~(c)进行熔融混合而与(a)成键。因此,在固化后在保护层14中形成环氧树脂和双马来酰亚胺树脂的互穿聚合物网络(IPN结构)。由此,保护层14的化学稳定性提高,因此阻隔性提高。这样,与单独环氧树脂的膜、单独酚醛树脂的膜、以酚醛树脂作为交联剂的环氧树脂的膜等相比,阻隔性较高,保护(抑制)轴体12的外周表面与水、氧气、卤素离子、氢离子等接触的效果优异。
上述(a)的配合量没有特别限定,以(a)(b)(c)合计为100质量份计,优选为50~90质量份的范围内。更优选为50~80质量份的范围内,进一步优选为55~75质量份的范围内。另外,上述(b)的配合量没有特别限定,以(a)(b)(c)合计为100质量份计,优选为10~40质量份的范围内。更优选为10~30质量份的范围内,进一步优选为10~25质量份的范围内。另外,上述(c)的配合量没有特别限定,以(a)(b)(c)合计为100质量份计,优选为1.0~30质量份的范围内。更优选为5.0~30质量份的范围内,进一步优选为10~30质量份的范围内。
可以通过在轴体12的外周形成保护层14,并在保护层14的外周形成导电性橡胶弹性体层16来制作导电性辊10。
可以通过将上述保护层形成用组合物涂布于轴体12的外周之后进行规定的热处理来形成保护层14。通过加热至上述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料发生交联的温度、即环氧树脂以及双马来酰亚胺树脂的双方发生交联的温度来进行形成保护层14时的热处理。在进行上述交联反应之前从涂膜中蒸馏去除上述低沸点溶剂。热处理中的加热温度优选为150~250℃。另外,加热时间优选为30~60分钟。
可以通过将用于形成导电性橡胶弹性体层16的导电性橡胶组合物成形为层状来形成导电性橡胶弹性体层16。可以通过挤出成形或模具成形来进行导电性橡胶组合物的成形。导电性橡胶组合物通过挤压成形时或模具成形时的加热等来进行交联、固化。
导电性橡胶组合物含有包含上述卤素原子的橡胶。另外,可以根据需要含有1种或2种以上的交联剂、交联助剂、交联促进剂、上述导电剂(电子导电剂、离子导电剂)、增量剂、增强剂、加工助剂、抗氧化剂、增塑剂、紫外线吸收剂、润滑剂等添加剂。可以通过对它们进行混炼来制备导电性橡胶组合物。
根据以上构成的导电性辊10,由于在由芯棒构成的轴体12的外周设置有由含有上述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料的组合物的交联体所构成的保护层14,因此通过基于环氧树脂的轴体12与保护层14之间的粘合性的提高、环氧树脂和基于双马来酰亚胺树脂的IPN结构的化学稳定性的提高等而能够抑制导电性橡胶弹性体层16中所含有的卤素原子导致的轴体12的生锈。
而且,若含有上述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料的组合物中进一步含有(d)二氧化硅颗粒,则可提高保护层14的阻隔性,从而可提高轴体12的防锈性。此时,若(d)的一次粒径为5~30nm的范围内,则可提高保护层14的阻隔性,从而可提高轴体12的防锈性。另外,以上述(a)~(c)的合计为100质量份计,若(d)的含量为50~100质量份的范围内,则保护层14相对于轴体12的粘合性与轴体12的防锈性的提高效果之间的平衡优异。另外,若保护层14含有电子导电剂,则可提高轴体12与导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间的粘合性。
上述导电性辊10具备轴体12、在轴体12的外周形成的保护层14以及在保护层14的外周形成的导电性橡胶弹性体层16,但本发明所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊不限于该构成。例如,也可以是在保护层14和导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间具有粘合层的构成。
图2是本发明的另一实施方式所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊的径向剖视图。
如图2所示,本发明的另一实施方式所涉及的电子照相设备用导电性辊(以下,有时简称为导电性辊20)具备由芯棒构成的轴体12、在轴体12的外周形成的保护层14、在保护层14的外周形成的粘合层18以及在粘合层18的外周形成的导电性橡胶弹性体层16。在导电性辊20中,保护层14与轴体12和粘合层18的双方接触。粘合层18与保护层14和导电性橡胶弹性体层16的双方接触。
与导电性辊10相比,导电性辊20仅在有无粘合层18这一点上有所不同,除此以外与导电性辊10相同,因此省略其说明。
粘合层18是将保护层14和导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间粘合的层。可以使用含有粘合成分的粘合剂组合物来形成粘合层18。更具体而言,可以通过在形成于轴体12的外周的保护层14的外周涂布粘合剂组合物之后根据需要进行干燥、固化、交联处理,从而在保护层14的外周形成粘合层18。在该情况下,在粘合层18的外周或者在涂布于保护层14的外周的粘合剂组合物的外周对导电性橡胶组合物进行成形来形成导电性橡胶弹性体层16。
作为粘合剂组合物的粘合成分,可列举为酚醛树脂系粘合剂、环氧树脂系粘合剂、丁腈橡胶系粘合剂、丙烯酸树脂系粘合剂、聚氨酯系粘合剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯系粘合剂、天然橡胶系粘合剂等。作为粘合剂成分,既可以仅使用其中的1种,也可以2种以上组合使用。
从因导电性橡胶弹性体层16的硫化时的热、压力等固化从而能够作为粘合层18发挥功能等观点出发,粘合剂组合物的粘合成分优选为硫化粘合剂。作为硫化粘合剂,从上述粘合成分中,可列举为酚醛树脂系粘合剂、环氧树脂系粘合剂、丁腈橡胶系粘合剂等。其中,从形成导电性橡胶弹性体层16的橡胶与保护层14的粘合性等观点出发,优选为酚醛树脂系粘合剂。
在粘合剂组合物中,可以根据需要含有用于赋予导电性的导电剂(电子导电剂、离子导电剂)。作为导电剂,可以列举为与保护层14中记载的导电剂的相同的导电剂。另外,在粘合剂组合物中可以根据需要含有1种或2种以上的硫化剂(交联剂)、硫化促进剂、硫化助剂(交联助剂)、增量剂、补强剂、加工助剂、抗氧化剂、增塑剂、紫外线吸收剂、润滑剂等添加剂。
粘合剂组合物考虑到涂布性可以使用溶剂来调整粘度。作为溶剂,可列举为甲基乙基酮(MEK)、甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)等。
对粘合层18的厚度没有特别限定,但从粘合层18的体积固有电阻率的影响增大等观点出发,优选为100μm以下。更优选为10μm以下。另外,从粘合力优异等观点出发,优选为1μm以上。更优选为5μm以上。对粘合层18的体积固有电阻率没有特别限定,但从导电性优异等观点出发,优选为1.0×102~5.0×105Ω·cm的范围内。
根据以上构成的导电性辊20,通过在保护层14和导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间具有粘合层18,从而提高轴体12与导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间的粘合性。若粘合层18含有酚醛树脂,则其粘合性特别优异。而且,若粘合层18含有电子导电剂,则可提高轴体12与导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间的粘合性。
在导电性辊10中,保护层14设置为与轴体12和导电性橡胶弹性体层16的双方接触,但在本发明中,只要能够充分确保粘附性,可以在轴体12与保护层14之间、在保护层14与导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间具备一层以上的除了粘合层18以外的其他层。在导电性辊20中也可以同样地在轴体12与保护层14之间、在保护层14与粘合层18之间具备一层以上的其他层。
另外,导电性辊10由具有轴体12、保护层14以及一层的导电性橡胶弹性体层16的结构构成,但在本发明中,基于电阻调整、防止成分转移等理由,可以在保护层14与导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间或者在导电性橡胶弹性体层16的外周设置一层以上的其他导电性橡胶弹性体层。进一步地,基于对表面进行保护、赋予电特性等理由,可以在导电性橡胶弹性体层16的外周设置表层,也可以对导电性橡胶弹性体层16的表面实施表面改性处理。在导电性辊20中也可以同样地在粘合层18与导电性橡胶弹性体层16之间或者在导电性橡胶弹性体层16的外周设置一层以上的其他导电性橡胶弹性体层。另外,在导电性辊20中也可以同样地在导电性橡胶弹性体层16的外周设置表层,也可以对导电性橡胶弹性体层16的表面实施表面改性处理。
作为表层的主要材料,没有特别限定,可列举为聚酰胺(尼龙)系、丙烯酸系、聚氨酯系、硅酮系、氟系的聚合物等。上述聚合物可以是经改性的聚合物。作为改性基团,例如可列举为N-甲氧基甲基、硅酮基(silicone group)、氟基等。
为了赋予导电性,可以在表层中适当添加炭黑、碳纳米管、石墨、c-TiO2、c-ZnO、c-SnO2(c-表示导电性。)、离子导电剂(季铵盐、硼酸盐、表面活性剂等)等以往公知的导电剂。另外,可以根据需要适当添加各种添加剂。
作为表面改性方法,可列举为照射UV、电子射线的方法、与能够和导电性橡胶弹性体层16的不饱和键、卤素发生反应的表面改性剂例如含有异氰酸酯基、氢化甲硅烷基、氨基、卤素基、硫醇基等反应活性基团的化合物接触的方法等。
本发明所涉及的导电性辊可以作为复印机、打印机、传真机等电子照相设备的带电辊、显影辊、转印辊、调色剂供给辊等导电性辊来使用。
实施例
以下,使用实施例对本发明进行详细说明,但是本发明并不限定于该构成。
<保护层形成用材料>
·HR3070:Printec制造,含有上述(a)~(c)的熔融混合物的未交联的粉体
·HR3032:Printec制造,含有上述(a)~(c)的熔融混合物的未交联的粉体
·HR3053:Printec制造,含有上述(a)~(c)的熔融混合物的未交联的粉体
·HR3040:Printec制造,含有上述(a)~(c)的混合物(未进行加热混炼)的未交联的粉体
·VG3101L:Printec制造,三官能环氧树脂
·胶体二氧化硅:日产化学工业制造的“MEK-ST-40”,固体成分浓度为40质量%,一次粒径为10~15nm,分散介质:MEK
·炭黑分散体:御国色素株式会社制造的“#273”,固体成分浓度为17质量%,平均粒径d50:0.2μm,分散介质:MEK
<粘合层形成用材料>
·酚醛系粘合剂:东洋科学研究所制造的“METALOC U-20”,含有导电剂,固体成分浓度为18~22质量%,分散介质:MEK
<导电性橡胶组合物的制备>
通过捏合机对100质量份的表氯醇橡胶(ECO)[日本瑞翁制造的“HydrinT3106”]、0.5质量份的作为硫化剂的硫[鹤见化学工业(株)制造]、5.0质量份的作为硫化助剂的氧化锌2种[三井金属工业(株)制造]和10.0质量份的水滑石[协和化学工业(株)制造,商品名“DHT4A”]、1.0质量份的硫化促进剂A[三新化学工业(株)制造,商品名“Sanceler-CZ”]、1.0质量份的硫化促进剂B[大内新兴化学工业(株)制造,商品名“ACCEL TBT”]、1.0质量份的作为离子导电剂的三丁基乙基硫酸铵(季铵盐)进行混炼来获得导电性橡胶组合物。
(实施例1)
<保护层形成用组合物的制备>
将HR3070溶解在MEK中以使固体成分浓度达到30质量%,由此制备保护层形成用组合物。
<导电性辊的制作>
在对铁制的基材(φ8mm)实施3μm的镀镍而成的芯棒(轴体)的外周涂布保护层形成用组合物并使其充分干燥之后,以规定的温度使涂膜加热固化(交联),从而在轴体的外周形成保护层(10μm)。接着,将形成有保护层的轴体设置在管状成形模具的模内,在该模内注入导电性橡胶组合物之后,以180℃加热30分钟,由此使导电性橡胶组合物硫化、固化,从而在保护层的外周形成导电性橡胶弹性体层(3mm)。由此,得到导电性辊。
(实施例2~3)
在保护层形成用组合物的制备中,使用表1所记载的成分替代HR3070,除此之外,按照与实施例1相同的方法得到导电性辊。
(实施例4)
在保护层形成用组合物的制备中,进一步配合胶体二氧化硅,除此以外,按照与实施例1相同的方法得到导电性辊。
(实施例5)
在导电性辊的制作中,在保护层与导电性橡胶弹性体层之间形成有粘合层,除此以外,按照与实施例4相同的方法得到导电性辊。具体而言,在所形成的保护层的外周涂布粘合层形成用材料并使其充分干燥之后,将轴体设置在管状成形模具的模内并进行导电性橡胶弹性体层的成形,由此在保护层的外周形成粘合层(8μm),从而在粘合层的外周形成导电性橡胶弹性体层(3mm)。
(实施例6)
在保护层形成用组合物的制备中,进一步配合炭黑分散液,除此以外,按照与实施例5相同的方法得到导电性辊。
(对比例1)
直接使用环氧树脂(VG3101L)作为保护层形成用组合物,除此以外,按照与实施例6相同的方法得到导电性辊。
(对比例2)
在保护层形成用组合物的制备中,使用HR3040替代HR3070,除此以外,按照与实施例6相同的方法得到导电性辊。
(对比例3)
<粘合剂1的制备>
配合60质量份的酚醛清漆型酚醛树脂、20质量份的双酚A型环氧树脂、20质量份的炭黑、400质量份的MEK,在室温下搅拌,由此制备粘合剂1。
<导电性辊的制作>
使用粘合剂1替代保护层形成用组合物,除此以外,按照与实施例1相同的方法制作导电性辊。
使用所制作的各导电性辊进行锈的抑制和粘合的评价。评价方法如下所示。将其结果示于表1。
(锈的抑制评价(产品评价))
将所制作的导电性辊放置在50℃×95%RH的湿热槽中,在30天后,以目视确认轴体的生锈状况。将轴体的外周面完全没有生锈的情况评价为特别良好“◎”,将轴体的外周面有1~2处生锈的情况评价为良好“○”,将轴体的外周面有3~5处生锈的情况评价为不良“△”,将轴体的外周面有6处以上生锈的情况评价为特别不良“×”。
(锈的抑制评价(盐水喷雾试验))
作为保护层的耐腐蚀性评价用样本,准备在对铁制的基材(φ8mm)实施3μm的镀镍而成的芯棒(轴体)上仅施工有保护层的样本。通过JIS Z2731所记载的中性盐水喷雾试验对该样本进行试验,并对240小时后的生锈状态进行评价。将轴体的外周面完全没有生锈的情况评价为特别良好“◎”,将轴体的外周面有1~2处点状的生锈的情况评价为良好“○”,将轴体的外周面有3~5处点状的生锈的情况评价为不良“△”,将轴体的外周面有6处以上点状的生锈的情况评价为特别不良“×”。
(粘合评价)
将所制作的导电性辊放置在80℃×90%RH的湿热槽中,在30天后,确认轴体与导电性橡胶弹性体层之间的粘合状态。将从初期开始就未粘合的情况评价为特别不良“×”,将30天以内发生剥离的情况评价为不良“△”,将虽然30天后没有发生剥离但是容易用手进行剥离的情况评价为良好“○”,将30天后没有发生剥离并且还不易用手进行剥离的情况评价为特别良好“◎”。
表1
在对比例1中,在由芯棒构成的轴体和含有卤素原子的导电性橡胶弹性体层之间,仅具有有机成分由环氧树脂构成的保护层和粘合成分由酚醛树脂构成的粘合层,因此虽然满足粘合性,但是未能充分地抑制生锈。在对比例2中,在保护层的形成中使用了含有上述(a)~(c)的组合物,但是上述(a)~(c)没有进行熔融混合,因此虽然满足粘合性,但是未能充分地抑制生锈。在对比例3中,在由芯棒构成的轴体和含有卤素原子的导电性橡胶弹性体层之间,仅形成有由酚醛/环氧系的粘合剂1构成的层,因此虽然满足粘合性,但是未能充分地抑制生锈。
与其相对地,在实施例中,在保护层的形成中使用了含有上述(a)~(c)的组合物,并且,对上述(a)~(c)进行了熔融混合。因此,成为同时满足粘合性和抑制生锈的结果。而且,由实施例之间的比较可知,通过配合二氧化硅颗粒,可提高锈的抑制效果。另外,可知通过配合电子导电剂,可提高粘合性。
以上,对本发明的实施方式进行了详细说明,但本发明不受上述实施例的任何限定,可以在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内进行各种改变。
Claims (9)
1.一种电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,
具备由芯棒构成的轴体、在所述轴体的外周形成的保护层以及在所述保护层的外周形成的导电性橡胶弹性体层,
所述导电性橡胶弹性体层含有包含卤素原子的橡胶,
所述保护层由含有下述(a)~(c)熔融混合而获得的材料的组合物的交联体构成:
(a)具有两个以上马来酰亚胺基的多官能马来酰亚胺化合物;
(b)苯并噁嗪化合物;
(c)环氧树脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,所述组合物进一步含有(d)二氧化硅颗粒。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,所述(d)的一次粒径为5~30nm的范围内。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,以所述(a)~(c)的合计为100质量份计,所述(d)的含量为50~100质量份的范围内。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,所述(c)含有三官能的环氧树脂。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,在所述保护层和所述导电性橡胶弹性体层之间设置有含有酚醛树脂的粘合层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,所述粘合层含有电子导电剂。
8.根据权利要求1~7中任一项所述的电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,所述保护层含有电子导电剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电子照相设备用导电性辊,其特征在于,以所述(a)~(c)的合计为100质量份计,所述保护层中的电子导电剂的含量为7.5~15质量份的范围内。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017-248643 | 2017-12-26 | ||
JP2017248643A JP6918691B2 (ja) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | 電子写真機器用導電性ロール |
PCT/JP2018/031881 WO2019130656A1 (ja) | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-29 | 電子写真機器用導電性ロール |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110494810A true CN110494810A (zh) | 2019-11-22 |
CN110494810B CN110494810B (zh) | 2022-04-29 |
Family
ID=67063333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201880024777.8A Active CN110494810B (zh) | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-29 | 电子照相设备用导电性辊 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10691038B2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6918691B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110494810B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019130656A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110900953A (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 益阳市思创传动部件制造有限公司 | 一种挤注型胶辊的生产方法 |
CN111845129A (zh) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-30 | 平田精密器材(深圳)有限公司 | 一种应用于彩色打印机的防滑驱动轴结构 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006208447A (ja) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-08-10 | Canon Inc | 導電性ローラ及びその製造方法、画像形成装置 |
US20080253816A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-16 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Conductive roll, cleaning roll, cleaning unit, process cartridge, and image-forming apparatus |
JP2009197056A (ja) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-09-03 | Teijin Chem Ltd | 導電性樹脂成形用材料 |
CN103265791A (zh) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-08-28 | 苏州生益科技有限公司 | 一种用于集成电路的热固性树脂组合物及使用其制作的半固化片及层压板 |
CN103809412A (zh) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-21 | 珠海赛纳打印科技股份有限公司 | 导电弹性体辊、制造方法及其图像形成装置 |
CN104676141A (zh) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-03 | 上海云逸能源系统有限公司 | 复合材料管道 |
JP2017523256A (ja) * | 2014-05-22 | 2017-08-17 | サイテック インダストリーズ インコーポレイテッド | 強化剤として使用するための官能化重合体粒子 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3022859B1 (ja) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-03-21 | 株式会社金陽社 | 導電性ロール及びその製造方法 |
JP4354189B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-30 | 2009-10-28 | 東海ゴム工業株式会社 | 現像ロール |
JP2006058853A (ja) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-03-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 熱現像感光材料および画像形成方法 |
JP4685431B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-06 | 2011-05-18 | 帝人化成株式会社 | 帯電防止性樹脂組成物 |
JP4705392B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-28 | 2011-06-22 | 帝人化成株式会社 | 難燃性樹脂組成物 |
US7680439B2 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2010-03-16 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Interference fit sleeved foam charge rolls and composite materials |
JP2008255214A (ja) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-10-23 | Teijin Chem Ltd | 芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物 |
JP4918612B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-24 | 2012-04-18 | キヤノンファインテック株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
US9120913B2 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-09-01 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Elastic composite material and mold product using the same |
JP6574643B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-26 | 2019-09-11 | 株式会社沖データ | 画像形成装置 |
-
2017
- 2017-12-26 JP JP2017248643A patent/JP6918691B2/ja active Active
-
2018
- 2018-08-29 WO PCT/JP2018/031881 patent/WO2019130656A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2018-08-29 CN CN201880024777.8A patent/CN110494810B/zh active Active
-
2019
- 2019-11-07 US US16/677,618 patent/US10691038B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006208447A (ja) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-08-10 | Canon Inc | 導電性ローラ及びその製造方法、画像形成装置 |
JP4662542B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-25 | 2011-03-30 | キヤノン株式会社 | 導電性ローラ及び画像形成装置 |
US20080253816A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-16 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Conductive roll, cleaning roll, cleaning unit, process cartridge, and image-forming apparatus |
JP2009197056A (ja) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-09-03 | Teijin Chem Ltd | 導電性樹脂成形用材料 |
CN103809412A (zh) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-21 | 珠海赛纳打印科技股份有限公司 | 导电弹性体辊、制造方法及其图像形成装置 |
CN103265791A (zh) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-08-28 | 苏州生益科技有限公司 | 一种用于集成电路的热固性树脂组合物及使用其制作的半固化片及层压板 |
JP2017523256A (ja) * | 2014-05-22 | 2017-08-17 | サイテック インダストリーズ インコーポレイテッド | 強化剤として使用するための官能化重合体粒子 |
CN104676141A (zh) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-03 | 上海云逸能源系统有限公司 | 复合材料管道 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
李玲: "苯并噁嗪/BMI/环氧树脂的固化动力学", 《宇航材料工艺》 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110900953A (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 益阳市思创传动部件制造有限公司 | 一种挤注型胶辊的生产方法 |
CN111845129A (zh) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-30 | 平田精密器材(深圳)有限公司 | 一种应用于彩色打印机的防滑驱动轴结构 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2019130656A1 (ja) | 2019-07-04 |
JP2019113776A (ja) | 2019-07-11 |
US20200073274A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 |
JP6918691B2 (ja) | 2021-08-11 |
US10691038B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 |
CN110494810B (zh) | 2022-04-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6712402B2 (ja) | 被覆粒子 | |
TWI574998B (zh) | A polyamideimide resin, a thermosetting resin composition, a cured product of the thermosetting resin composition, and a method for producing a polyamideimide resin | |
CN103370354B (zh) | 环氧树脂组合物及其制造方法以及使用其的半导体装置 | |
JP5687135B2 (ja) | 電子写真機器用導電性ゴム組成物およびこれを用いた電子写真機器用帯電ロール | |
WO2016158828A1 (ja) | 樹脂組成物、導電性樹脂組成物、接着剤、導電性接着剤、電極形成用ペースト、半導体装置 | |
WO2016039486A1 (ja) | 熱硬化性樹脂組成物 | |
TWI693250B (zh) | 組成物、環氧樹脂固化劑、環氧樹脂組成物、熱固化性組成物、固化物、半導體裝置以及層間絕緣材料 | |
US10018935B2 (en) | Conductive member for electrophotographic machine | |
KR20000035830A (ko) | 플루오로 중합체와 에폭시 수지를 포함하는 반 상호 침투성 네트 | |
JP2014065811A (ja) | 電子写真機器用導電性ゴム組成物およびこれを用いた電子写真機器用導電性部材 | |
CN110494810A (zh) | 电子照相设备用导电性辊 | |
JPWO2019054391A1 (ja) | エポキシ樹脂組成物 | |
CN103382284A (zh) | 环氧树脂、包含该环氧树脂的环氧树脂复合物以及使用该复合物的辐射热电路板 | |
JPWO2017051561A1 (ja) | 電子写真機器用帯電ロール | |
JP7275469B2 (ja) | 被覆粒子 | |
KR20210119324A (ko) | 수지 조성물 | |
JP6082622B2 (ja) | 電子写真機器用導電性ゴム組成物およびこれを用いた電子写真機器用帯電ロール | |
JP6168005B2 (ja) | 電装部品 | |
JP2010053189A (ja) | エポキシ樹脂組成物及びフレキシブルプリント配線板用材料 | |
JP2001200049A (ja) | 硬化性オキセタン組成物、硬化物の製造方法及び硬化物 | |
JP2010275375A (ja) | プリント配線板用エポキシ樹脂組成物、樹脂フィルム、プリプレグ、樹脂付き金属箔、フレキシブルプリント配線板 | |
JP2021152563A (ja) | 電子写真機器用導電性ロール | |
JP2010066307A (ja) | 電子写真機器用無端ベルト | |
JP2007119784A (ja) | 帯電防止膜形成用組成物の製造方法 | |
JP6540590B2 (ja) | 液状導電性樹脂組成物および電子部品 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |