CN110449460A - A kind of engineer application method using the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress - Google Patents
A kind of engineer application method using the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress Download PDFInfo
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- CN110449460A CN110449460A CN201810429265.1A CN201810429265A CN110449460A CN 110449460 A CN110449460 A CN 110449460A CN 201810429265 A CN201810429265 A CN 201810429265A CN 110449460 A CN110449460 A CN 110449460A
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- hairy bittercress
- tall bottle
- spout hairy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of engineer application method using the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress, belongs to farmland soil heavy metals pollution amelioration field, and step includes: (1) tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress seed collection and low-temperature storage；(2) Seeds preprocess and artificial breeding；(3) with industrial crops intercrop；(4) weeding and boron fertilizer is applied；(5) medicament, which is strengthened, extracts.That the method overcome tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress percentages of seedgermination is low, happiness yin meets high temperature and is easy to appear metabolic disorder and the plantation problem such as death, strong operability, economically feasible, peasant income is ensured while repairing polluted soil, the sustainability that can be ensured contaminated soil remediation and utilize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to farmland soil heavy metals pollution amelioration fields, and in particular to a kind of to repair cadmium using tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress
The engineer application method of polluted farmland soil.
Background technique
Currently, China's farmland soil heavy metals pollution condition allows of no optimist, especially heavy metal cadmium has pollution
The features such as distributed areas are wide, migration is strong, bio-toxicity is big is that the priority acccess control of China's farmland soil heavy metals pollution amelioration is dirty
Contaminate object.Had using super enriching plant extraction repairing heavy metal in soil and does not destroy soil environment, do not generate secondary pollution and can hold
The advantages of continuous property, but presently found its remediation efficiency for the plant of plant extract reparation is generally lower, it is difficult to it realizes and promotes
Using, especially the super enriching plant of cadmium, which extracts, repairs aspect, and studying at present more is Thlaspi caerulescens and Indian mustard etc.,
Thlaspi caerulescens cadmium ability is strong, introduces species to be external, climatic adaptation ability is weak, and biomass is small, only rests on reality at present
Test room conceptual phase；Indian mustard biomass is big, but plant enriching quantity is lower, also limits its popularization and application.With regard to plant extract
For heavy metal cadmium recovery technique, finding the super enriching plant that resistance is strong, enriching heavy metal ability is strong, biomass is big is still
The basis in the field and key problem.
Tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hupingshanensis) finds that it is the high enriching plant of selenium in one's early years, close several
Being found it year also has very high accumulation ability to the accompanying element cadmium of selenium, zinc etc..Its cadmium enriched concentration be up to 3000mg/kg with
On, it is the decades of times of common Cd-hyperaccumulator richness cadmium amount.Biomass is big in liquid manure abundance situation, to repair selenium, zinc, cadmium
Multi-metal contaminated soil environment provides ideal super enriching plant material, has important answer to cadmium heavy metal pollution is repaired
With value.
Tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress was cultivated by domestication on a small scale successively in recent years because of its utility value height, was used for selenium-rich product
Extraction or cadmium pollution soil repairing research, but since the factors such as its percentage of seedgermination is low, growth conditions is harsh, non-refractory are only stopped
Stay in pot experiment and field plot trial stage.
Tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress be Cruciferae cardamine, overwintering biennial or perennial plant of resisting cold, like it is dark and damp not
High temperature resistant arid, 40~100cm of plant height are the distinctive plants of China, have now been found that it in Hubei Province Tujia Autonomous County of Wufeng
Pick flowers township chestnut level ground, Hubei Province Tujia Autonomous County of Changyang collapses ace, the village Shuan He, the township Enshi City Xin Tang, Hubei Province and shimen Hunan
Huping mountain nature reserve is distributed, and is referred to as roundleaf penny cress, sarson in source area.It is essentially 800~1600m's of height above sea level to growth distribution
Dark and damp environment band, even if temperature rarely exceeds 30 DEG C in the dark and damp environment of growth in sunny hot weather, is planted in summer
The achievable perennation of strain, i.e., mature plants stems basal growth go out adventitious bud or fibrous root continued growth.Because of its delicious flavour, nutrition
Abundant, nearby resident often picks as local tour characteristic dish in source area, and species are endangered.In the lake that source area is closed on
North and other areas of Hunan Province, summer temp is higher, and generally at 30 DEG C or more, tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress will appear in heat and drought condition weather
Plant metabolism disorder is simultaneously gradually withered, shows as biennial (more Nian Sheng) or can not normally complete growth period.Its ordinary room temperature is protected
The FCR de-vitalizing seed rate deposited is high, and germination percentage is low, and the sprouting period is long, and soil temperature and humidity control is stringent, these factors greatly limit it
Growth condition and engineering are promoted.
The patent of invention of 102527706 A of publication number CN discloses tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress in repairing heavy metal in soil cadmium pollution
In application, have been described in detail tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress the plantation time and fertilising and field capacity requirement.But it is directed to and how to improve
Seed germination rate probes into its more suitable grown in field condition according to its growth hobby to improve its biomass and setting percentage, efficiently
It plays its plant extract efficiency etc. all to need to be probed into, especially do not solve at all can not be by the technology for the low problem of percentage of seedgermination
Crop field application and popularization are carried out, encounters the megathermal period southern May, is in tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress pod gradually maturity period, longer day
Solarization can also have a negative impact to the eubolism of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention: overcome tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress percentage of seedgermination is low, happiness yin meet high temperature be easy to appear metabolic disorder and
Problem is planted in death etc., and based on the urgency of China's Cd-polluted farmland remediation contaminated soil, the purpose of the present invention is be directed to tall bottle with spout
The unique habit of Hairy Bittercress and environmental requirement provide a kind of engineering using the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress
Application method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of engineer application method using the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress, this method include site preparation, move
General plantings and the field management steps such as cultivation, fertilising and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, further comprising the steps of:
(1) seed collection and low-temperature storage: the mature tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress fruit of acquisition in or so annual June, at shady and cool ventilation
Sunning, threshing impurity elimination, using vacuum bag sealed storage in 4 DEG C of refrigerators；
(2) Seeds preprocess and artificial breeding: seed of the early September by low-temperature storage in refrigerator takes out, strong using taking root
Seedling class preparation is soaked seed 18~36h, and to break seed dormancy and seed is promoted to sprout, plantation is in being paved with educating for seedling medium after slightly drying in the air
Seed plate or seedling bed do not cover kind, keep ground moistening, shading net shading maintenance, and 5d or so seed is sprouted；
(3) with industrial crops intercrop: 10~November seedling balled transplanting to crop field, the stalks such as mulching straw or heat preservation ground
Film gives appropriate heat-preserving anti-freezing, interplants industrial crops corn, tall and big economic work with time kind industrial crops semen viciae fabae or March next year
Object is the shading of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress, to a certain degree raising biomass and seed setting amount；
(4) weeding and apply boron fertilizer: tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress plants crop field based on gramineae weed, based on artificial weeding, fits
When being aided with chemical weed control, the herbicide to tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress nonhazardous include: Quizalotop-ethyl, quinoline standing grain chaff rouge, haloxyfop-r-methyl and
Clethodim.Blade face in March application boron fertilizer is primary, to prevent tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress " colored and not firm ", improves setting percentage；
(5) medicament, which is strengthened, extracts: rhamnolipid, fermentation agricultural wastes and potassium fulvate are added in growing process,
To improve tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress Cd uptake amount and biomass.
Beneficial effect by the seed storage of harvesting in cryogenic seal environment, artificially creates low temperature environment using the above scheme
It allows seed to enter dormant state, avoids indoor high temperature placement for a long time from leading to FCR de-vitalizing seed, break its suspend mode again before sowing, reduce
The loss of seed nutrient improves percentage of seedgermination；Using industrial crops and tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress intercrop, luminous energy and sky are made full use of
Between, the shorter tall and big industrial crops of one side growth cycle can the end of spring and the beginning of summer close on the high temperature time to happiness yin tall bottle with spout crack rice
Shepherd's purse provides cool environment, and the output of one side industrial crops can ensure economic benefit, achievees the effect that " repairing in production "；
For engineer application, suitably it is aided with chemical weed control and has important practical significance, tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress itself belongs to weeds, need to be existing
Herbicide in find and can effectively murder the highy potent herbicides of weeds without phytotoxicity to tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress itself, temporarily ground without correlation
Study carefully, the present invention has filled up this blank；It is extracted using environmental-friendly biological species heavy metallic activation agent fortification of plants and repairs cadmium, both
It improves biomass and further improves plant cadmium enriching quantity, to improve phytoremediation efficiency；This method strong operability,
Economically feasible, repairing polluted soil while, have ensured peasant income, the sustainability that can be ensured contaminated soil remediation and utilize.
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
5 plants of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress plant boorishly gives birth in double rivers in the township enshi Xin Tang of acquisition in by the end of June, 2015, while acquiring root
Soil, testing result show that soil cadmium concentration is 102mg/kg, and tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress complete stool mixture cadmium concentration is 590mg/kg.Pot
Bottle Hairy Bittercress is the super enriching plant of heavy metal cadmium.
Embodiment 2
The domestic rich in mineral resources in Huangshi Daye City, Hubei Province, production history is long, and a large amount of farmlands are contaminated in flakes, application
People to Daye City in flakes nearly 300 mu by heavy metal pollution farmland carry out recovery project, soil cadmium content 0.15~
5.46mg/kg, soil pH 5.45~7.19.The tall bottle with spout just harvested is bought in the village Shuan He, the enshi township Xin Tang in by the end of June, 2015
Hairy Bittercress seed 1kg, Some seeds are stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, Some seeds Indoor Dry using kraft paper bag, vacuum seal bag encapsulation
Dry placement, the seed that indoor seasoning saves are respectively adopted the seed soaking of strong plantlets and rootage preparation, clear water seed soaking and do not deal in batches in working as
Year 7~September carries out nursery using seedlings nursing plate in outdoor, and shading net maintenance, spraying watering keeps nursery soil wet daily.It is indoor normal
Each processing mode germination situation of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress seed different time of rule storage is shown in Table 1.
Each processing mode percentage of seedgermination statistics of the tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress seed different time of conventional storage in table Room 1
Just locating extremely hot summer, 3~5d is dead successively after the above processing seed is sprouted, can not normal growth.Strong plantlets and rootage
Preparation seed soaking percentage of seedgermination is higher than other processing groups.
In in by the end of August, 2015, mid-September and early October take the seed of 4 DEG C of refrigerator storages to soak using strong plantlets and rootage preparation
Kind of 18~36h carries out nursery using seedlings nursing plate in shade, seed by the end of August, mid-September and early October sow germination percentage
It is 81%, 78% and 72% respectively.The seed normal growth of sprouting.
Mid-October~late November transplants the tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress for growing to 3~5 true leaves to crop field, and winter covers rice
Grass is suitably kept the temperature, and extensive management, regular weeding imposed a ternary compound fertilizer, early March foliage-spray in next year 2 months
Boron fertilizer, mid or late March plant blossom, since rainwater in 3~April is vigorous, weeds (based on grass family barnyard grass) growing way is too strong, tall bottle with spout
For Hairy Bittercress plant height generally in 40cm or so, plant is relatively short and small thin and weak, plant Pod Bearing Percentage about 57%.This season cultivated area is total
6.9 mu, take the tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress aerial part plant sample of 5 points of mixing using diagonal method in a manner of multiple spot mixed sampling by the end of May
With root soil sample, testing result shows that soil cadmium concentration is 0.49mg/kg, and plant mixture cadmium concentration is 5.73mg/kg.
Late Febuary next year, about 2000 plants of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress transplantation of seedlings that pot for growing seedlings in greenhouse is conserved to crop field, due to planting
Object is die-offed without period of vernalization growing way, then gradually dead.
Embodiment 3
Place: with embodiment 2.
The tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress seed 6kg just harvested is bought in the village Shuan He, the enshi township Xin Tang in by the end of June, 2016, seed is adopted
4 DEG C of refrigerators are stored in kraft paper bag, vacuum seal bag encapsulation, September just takes out seed, about using root taking sprout strengthening agent seed soaking
For 24 hours, seed is pulled out slightly dry in the air after artificial growth in the seedlings nursing plate for being paved with seedling medium, do not cover kind, keep ground moistening, greenhouse shading
Net shading maintenance, 5d or so seed are sprouted.In October, 2016~November manually moves the long native seedling of the band to 3-5 piece true leaf successively
Plant to crop field, make mulching straw, covering and heat insulating mulch and three groups of blank overwintering antifreeze processing respectively, cropping pattern include: single,
Between semen viciae fabae kind, at the beginning of 3 months with interplanting corn.Totally 58 mu of cultivated area.
Impose within 2 months 2017 that a ternary compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer, carrying out the conventional prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, (insect pest is mainly ape leaf
First and phyllotreta striolata, the insect prevention medicament of application are indoxacarb), big field weed is mainly gramineae weed, carries out chemical weed control
(the preferable herbicide of application effect includes: Quizalotop-ethyl, quinoline standing grain chaff rouge, haloxyfop-r-methyl and clethodim, using the above weeding
Agent, tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress plant growing way is without influence.Chemical weed control is carried out using Quizalotop-ethyl, leaf turns yellow after weeds 10-20d；
Chemical weed control is carried out using quinoline standing grain chaff rouge, leaf turns yellow after weeds 10-20d；Chemical weed control, weeds are carried out using haloxyfop-r-methyl
Leaf turns yellow after 8-15d；Chemical weed control is carried out using clethodim, leaf turns yellow after weeds 10-15d).Blade face at the beginning of 3 months in 2017
Sprayed boric fertilizer is primary, and mid-March, tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress was bloomed,.
Carry out environmentally friendly medicament in tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress growth course respectively and strengthen extraction repairing test, medicament includes mouse
Lee's glycolipid, potassium fulvate and fermentation agricultural wastes.It is 0.5g/kg that rhamnolipid, which adds concentration, in (plant harvest mid-May
Preceding 15~20d) it is added by the way of root irrigation；The concentration for the treatment of of potassium fulvate is 60kg/ mus, and root cave is respectively adopted and applies
Mode before plant growth (mid-October), in (late Febuary) and later period (late April) apply；Ferment agricultural wastes
Concentration for the treatment of be 150kg/ mus, in such a way that root cave is applied before plant growth (mid-October), in (late Febuary) and
Later period (late April) applies.
The mature tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress of in early June, 2017 harvesting, air-dries, artificial threshing impurity elimination at shady and cool ventilation.
It records and measures respectively in above each processing group implementation process, the dry life of plant growing way, plant after plant harvesting
Object amount, heavy metal cadmium content, grain yield, grain plumpness etc..
Mulching straw, covering and heat insulating mulch and the overwintering protective treatment plant growing way statistics of blank are shown in Table 2.
Different land use patterns plant growing way and grain yield statistics are shown in Table 3.
Medicament strengthens extraction biomass and cadmium enriching quantity statistics is shown in Table 4.
2 mulching straw of table, covering and heat insulating mulch and space management plant growing way statistics
Statistical time: 17-18 days in March, 2017
Three kinds of overwintering safeguard procedures plant growing ways are successively are as follows: covering and heat insulating mulch > mulching straw > blank, it is contemplated that rice
Grass materials convenience, mulching straw and Insulation Mulch Film are preferable overwintering safeguard procedures.
3 different land use patterns plant growing way of table statistics
Note: the above processing equal covering and heat insulating mulch of unit in winter gives overwintering protection；Aboveground Biomass of Young and grain yield
For every 667m2The dry biomass and grain yield of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress count.
In three kinds of cropping patterns the plant growing way of single, biomass and seed setting amount be weaker than tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress with it is tall and big
Industrial crops intercrop.
4 medicament of table, which is strengthened, extracts biomass and cadmium enriching quantity statistics
| Processing group | Aboveground Biomass of Young (kg/ mus) | Plant cadmium content (mg/kg) |
| Rhamnolipid | 171.1 | 23.8 |
| Ferment agricultural wastes | 178.3 | 12.6 |
| Potassium fulvate | 174.5 | 11.4 |
| Blank | 169.6 | 7.76 |
Note: the above equal covering and heat insulating mulch of processing group gives overwintering protection, and cropping pattern is single, each processing group area
About 300m2, soil cadmium concentration about 0.3mg/kg.
Rhamnolipid, fermentation agricultural wastes and potassium fulvate improve the Cd uptake amount of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress to a certain degree.
Embodiment 4
Place: with embodiment 2.
Agricultural land soil cadmium concentration 3.67mg/kg, pH 7.16.In late October, 2016 is manually by long to 3~5 true leaves
The native tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress seedling of band is transplanted successively to crop field, mulching straw, mid-March and interplanting corn, and in late Febuary, 2017 imposes
Ternary compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer carry out the conventional prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, and big field weed is mainly gramineae weed, using efficient lid
Grass can be carried out chemical weed control, and leaf-surface sprayed boric fertilizer at the beginning of 3 months is primary within 2017, and mid or late March tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress is bloomed,.2017 6
The beginning of the month harvests tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress complete stool.Detection display plant heavy metal cadmium content is 139mg/kg.
Embodiment described above, the example implemented for the present inventor, it is noted that being familiar with those skilled in the art
It for member, on the basis of the principle of the invention, is still adjusted or is improved according to the above description, these adjustment and improvement should all
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of engineer application method using the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress, including site preparation, transplanting, fertilising and
The general plantings such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and field management step, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of:
(1) seed collection and low-temperature storage: acquiring mature tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress fruit or so annual June, dry at shady and cool ventilation,
Threshing impurity elimination, using vacuum bag sealed storage in 4 DEG C of refrigerators；
(2) Seeds preprocess and artificial breeding: seed of the early September by low-temperature storage in refrigerator takes out, using strong plantlets and rootage class
Preparation 18~36h of seed soaking, to break seed dormancy and seed is promoted to sprout, plantation is in the seedlings nursing plate for being paved with seedling medium after slightly drying in the air
Or seedling bed, kind is not covered, keeps ground moistening, shading net shading maintenance, and 5d or so seed is sprouted；
(3) with industrial crops intercrop: 10~November seedling balled transplanting to crop field, the stalks such as mulching straw or Insulation Mulch Film are given
With appropriate heat-preserving anti-freezing, industrial crops corn is interplanted with time kind industrial crops semen viciae fabae or March next year, tall and big industrial crops are
The shading of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress, to a certain degree raising biomass and seed setting amount；
(4) weeding and apply boron fertilizer: tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress plants crop field based on gramineae weed, based on artificial weeding, appropriate auxiliary
With chemical weed control, the herbicide to tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress nonhazardous includes: Quizalotop-ethyl, quinoline standing grain chaff rouge, haloxyfop-r-methyl and alkene grass
Ketone.Blade face in March application boron fertilizer is primary, to prevent tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress " colored and not firm ", improves setting percentage；
(5) medicament, which is strengthened, extracts: rhamnolipid, fermentation agricultural wastes and potassium fulvate is added in growing process, to mention
High tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress Cd uptake amount and biomass.
2. the engineer application method according to claim 1 using the restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil of tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress, special
Sign is that the maturation tall bottle with spout Hairy Bittercress acquisition refers to even root acquisition whole plant, and stalk is concentrated accordingly after harvesting seed
Post-processing.
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| CN102301871A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-01-04 | 恩施清江生物工程有限公司 | Selenium-enriching cultivation method for cardamine hupingshanensis |
| CN102511283A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-06-27 | 苏州硒谷科技有限公司 | Method of artificially rearing seedlings of Cardamine hupingshanensis |
| CN102527706A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 白宏锋 | Application of cardamine hupingshanesis in remediating soil polluted by heavy metal cadmium |
| CN106831170A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 山东本源生态农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for turn can a fertilizer, increase conditioning agent and its preparation method and application of soil fertility |
| CN106852208A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-16 | 山东本源生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soil-repairing agent and its production and use, a kind of rehabilitating soil, the method for increasing crop yield |
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2018
- 2018-05-08 CN CN201810429265.1A patent/CN110449460A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102301871A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-01-04 | 恩施清江生物工程有限公司 | Selenium-enriching cultivation method for cardamine hupingshanensis |
| CN102511283A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-06-27 | 苏州硒谷科技有限公司 | Method of artificially rearing seedlings of Cardamine hupingshanensis |
| CN102527706A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 白宏锋 | Application of cardamine hupingshanesis in remediating soil polluted by heavy metal cadmium |
| CN106852208A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-16 | 山东本源生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soil-repairing agent and its production and use, a kind of rehabilitating soil, the method for increasing crop yield |
| CN106831170A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 山东本源生态农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for turn can a fertilizer, increase conditioning agent and its preparation method and application of soil fertility |
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Application publication date: 20191115 |