CN110446882B - 滚珠丝杠传动装置 - Google Patents

滚珠丝杠传动装置 Download PDF

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CN110446882B
CN110446882B CN201880020609.1A CN201880020609A CN110446882B CN 110446882 B CN110446882 B CN 110446882B CN 201880020609 A CN201880020609 A CN 201880020609A CN 110446882 B CN110446882 B CN 110446882B
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screw drive
deflection element
recess
ball screw
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CN110446882A (zh
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P·奥特
R·维特曼
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • F16H25/2214Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with elements for guiding the circulating balls
    • F16H25/2223Cross over deflectors between adjacent thread turns, e.g. S-form deflectors connecting neighbouring threads
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/2015Means specially adapted for stopping actuators in the end position; Position sensing means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • F16H25/2214Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with elements for guiding the circulating balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • F16H25/2214Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with elements for guiding the circulating balls
    • F16H25/2228Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with elements for guiding the circulating balls the device for circulation forming a part of the screw member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • F16H25/2233Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with cages or means to hold the balls in position
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2285Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with rings engaging the screw shaft with the inner perimeter, e.g. using inner rings of a ball bearing
    • F16H25/229Eccentric rings with their axis arranged substantially parallel to the screw shaft axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/24Elements essential to such mechanisms, e.g. screws, nuts
    • F16H25/2418Screw seals, wipers, scrapers or the like

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种包括两个丝杠传动部件(3、4)的滚珠丝杠传动装置,即丝杠(3)和丝杠螺母(4),其中,在由丝杠传动部件(3、4)之一形成的凹陷(7)中安装转向件(6)用于滚珠(5)的单个转向,使得在所述凹陷(7)的底部(15)和所述转向件(6)之间形成缝隙空间(16),并且所述转向件(6)借助在所述凹陷(7)旁边的侧贴靠面(17)靠置在所述丝杠传动部件(3、4)上。

Description

滚珠丝杠传动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在离合器分离系统中适用的根据权利要求1的前序部分的滚珠丝杠传动装置。
背景技术
这类滚珠丝杠传动装置例如由DE 10 2014 213 411A1已知。用于装入到机动车的分离系统中而设置的已知的滚珠丝杠传动装置包括具有外型廓的丝杠和具有内型廓的滚珠丝杠螺母、也就是丝杠螺母,其中,作为滚动体的滚珠在所述型廓之间滚动,并且滚珠丝杠螺母的内型廓构造为哥特式(gotisches)型廓。为了滚动体在滚珠丝杠传动装置中的转向而存在构造为单独构件的转向装置。
在DE 102 16 136A1中公开了具有滚珠丝杠传动装置的另一离合器分离系统。在这种情况下借助转向帽实现滚珠转向。
在EP 1 490 609B1中公开的具有转向件的滚珠丝杠传动装置尤其适合在机动车转向装置中使用。所述转向件由热塑性塑料制造。
滚珠丝杠传动装置通常用于将一个丝杠传动部件(也就是或者丝杠或者丝杠螺母)的转动转化为另一丝杠传动部件的线性运动。根据滚珠丝杠传动装置的构型,也能够将丝杠传动部件的线性运动转化为转动。
发明内容
基于本发明的任务在于,具有单个转向装置的滚珠丝杠传动装置相对于现有技术尤其在制造技术方面进一步开发,其中,在批量制造的条件下仅仅应产生非常小的产品参数分散。
根据本发明,这个任务通过具有权利要求1的特征的滚珠丝杠传动装置解决。这种滚珠丝杠传动装置在已知的基本概念中包括两个丝杠传动部件,即一个丝杠和一个丝杠螺母,其中,在丝杠传动部件之一中安装至少一个转向件,用于滚珠丝杠传动装置的滚动体、也就是滚珠的单个转向。根据本发明,转向件安装到丝杠传动部件之一中构成的凹陷中,使得在凹陷的底部和转向件之间存在缝隙空间,也就是说,转向件不靠置在凹陷的底部上。而是转向件借助在侧面伸出超过凹陷的贴靠面靠置在丝杠传动部件上。所述贴靠面是转向件的表面区段,所述表面区段相对于凹陷的底部至少近似平行地定向。
通过丝杠传动部件提供的(转向件的贴靠面支撑在其上的)面通过丝杠传动部件的用于滚珠丝杠传动装置的滚珠的轨道构成或者与这种轨道相邻。已示出的是:通过将转向件靠置在丝杠传动部件的轨道上或者靠置在丝杠传动部件的与轨道邻接的表面区段上能实现特别高的机械旋紧,尤其这涉及滚珠从轨道至转向件的转移。如果转向件与丝杠连接,那么该转向件支撑在所述丝杠的外周缘上。在转向件与丝杠螺母连接的情况下,转向件支撑在所述丝杠螺母的内周缘上。
为了将滚珠从丝杠传动部件的轨道导入到转向件中,该转向件在优选的构型中具有侧面地伸出超过凹陷的、在丝杠传动部件的切线方向上延伸的两个转向鼻部。所述转向鼻部是转向件的集成的组成部件。与转向鼻部的存在无关地,转向件能合理地在注塑工艺中由塑料制造,其中,得到简单的脱膜性。
根据一个可行的构型方式,安装到一个丝杠传动部件的凹陷中的转向件具有遮盖面,也就是说与凹陷的底部对置的表面,该表面的轮廓与另一丝杠传动部件的螺纹互补。遮盖面的轮廓构型为使得在转向件的遮盖面和另一丝杠传动部件的螺纹之间保留缝隙,所述螺纹提供用于丝杠传动装置的滚珠的轨道,所述缝隙在丝杠传动部件的径向方向上测量到的宽度小于转向件在所述凹陷中的沉入深度。以这种方式确保:只要转向件以设定的方式、也就是说与丝杠传动部件的贴靠面接触的方式安装到凹陷中,不会由于所述转向件产生或者仅在与润滑材料的共同作用下在丝杠传动部件之间产生极小的摩擦。如果转向件部分地从凹陷脱离(例如由于离心力和/或震动),那么这虽然造成在丝杠传动部件之间微小提高的摩擦,然而其中防止了转动件从凹陷完全脱离,使得转动件的功能被保持。此外,由于在安装到一个丝杠传动部件中的转向件的遮盖面与另一丝杠传动部件的螺旋形滚动体轨道之间的缝隙的小尺寸,润滑剂、尤其油脂产生抑制效果。
根据一个有利的扩展方案,转向件除贴靠面以外还具有止挡面,所述止挡面垂直于贴靠面定向并且设置为用于与另一丝杠传动部件共同作用。在此,在轴向方向上在转向件与另一丝杠传动部件或者与该另一丝杠传动部件连接的元件之间设置止挡部。当转向件止挡在固定在另一丝杠传动部件上的密封装置上时,产生丝杠传动部件之间的特别柔和的止挡。滚珠丝杠传动装置能够或者在唯一的端侧上或者在两个端侧上无关于下述部位地具有由转向件构成的轴向止挡:与所述丝杠传动部件之一连接的转向件在所述部位处止挡在另一丝杠传动部件或者与该另一丝杠传动部件连接的组件上。
通过沟槽式凹空简化了转向件在丝杠传动部件的凹陷中的特别精确的定位,所述凹空构造在转向件的侧贴靠面和转向件的配合到凹陷中的中心区段之间。
转向件安装在其中的丝杠传动部件能够或者是滚珠丝杠传动装置的丝杠或者是丝杠螺母。在这两种情况中,滚珠丝杠传动装置的轴向方向上相继布置多个分别具有转向件的单个转向装置。
附图说明
下面参照附图进一步阐明本发明的多个实施例。在这里示出:
图1作为离合器分离系统的一部分的滚珠丝杠传动装置,
图2和3根据图1的布置的细节,
图4滚珠丝杠传动装置的替代构型,
图5根据图4的布置的细节,
图6在离合器分离系统中的滚珠丝杠传动装置的另一构型,
图7根据图6的布置的细节。
具体实施方式
除非另有说明,否则下面的阐释涉及全部实施例。在所有附图中以相同的附图标记标明彼此相应的或者原理上相同作用的部件。
在图1、4和6中以不同的变型示出的离合器分离设备1构型为中央分离器并且能在机动车的混合动力模块中使用。离合器分离设备1借助滚珠丝杠传动装置2工作,所述滚珠丝杠传动装置包括两个丝杠传动部件3、4,即丝杠3和丝杠螺母4。滚珠作为滚动体5在丝杠传动部件3、4之间滚动。滚珠丝杠传动装置2构型为具有单个转向装置的螺纹传动装置,其中,为了滚珠5的转向而设置转向件6,该转向件安装到丝杠3的外周缘上的凹陷7中。丝杠3借助构造为双列滚珠轴承的滚动轴承8以能旋转的方式被支承。丝杠螺母4在丝杠3上能以防旋转的方式移动。丝杠螺母4又构成离合器分离轴承9的组件,所述离合器分离轴承以原理已知的方式构造为角接触滚珠轴承。离合器分离轴承9的以10标明的可旋转的外环设置为用于操纵摩擦离合器的未示出的碟形弹簧。
滚珠丝杠传动装置2的滚动体5在丝杠3的导轨12上以及丝杠螺母4的导轨11上滚动。导轨12由于转向件6而中断,其中,滚珠5借助转向件6从丝杠螺母4的导轨11被导出并且借助螺纹部继续又导入到该导轨中。在经过转向件6期间,滚珠5不但向滚珠丝杠传动装置2的轴向方向偏转,而且也以相对小的量径向地朝内部、也就是向丝杠3的旋转轴线的方向被引导。转向件6是在注塑工艺中制造的一件式塑料件。
在转向件6的内部可见径向地朝外敞开的转向通道13,所述转向通道构造在转向件6的以14标明的中心区段中。中心区段14是转向件6的那个配合到凹陷7中的区段。然而,中心区段14不靠置在凹陷7的以15标明的底部上。而是在中心区段14的底侧和底部15之间形成缝隙空间16,所述缝隙空间在滚珠丝杠传动装置2的径向方向上所测量到的宽度以Sp标明。以T标明在相同方向上测量出的转向件6在凹陷7中的沉入深度。沉入深度T是缝隙宽度Sp的多倍。
转向件6在侧面伸出超过凹陷7,使得形成靠置在丝杠3上的侧贴靠面17。转向件6在径向方向上的定向通过贴靠面17与丝杠3的接触精确地限定。借助这种精确定位尤其确保滚珠5在导轨12和转向通道13之间的过渡中没有需要经过的阶梯。以18标明沟槽式凹空,所述凹空构造在所述中心区段14和所述侧贴靠面17之间的过渡部处。沟槽式凹空18仅能在图2的细节视图中看出,然而也存在于其它实施方式中。
相应地适用于在图3中可见并且具有将滚珠5从导轨12转移到转向通道13中的功能的转向鼻部19。转向鼻部19(所述转向鼻部在每个转向件6上存在两个)在导轨12的切线方向上伸出到远超过凹陷7的程度并且对于使滚珠5从导轨12到转向通道13中的柔滑转移提供小的加速力。
在转向件6的面向丝杠螺母4的上侧可见沟槽结构20,该沟槽结构是转向件6的以21标明的遮盖面的一部分。与转向通道13相邻的沟槽结构20与丝杠螺母4的螺旋形的螺纹轨道11互补地构造。在遮盖面21和丝杠螺母4之间存在缝隙,使得转向件6实际上能相对于丝杠螺母4在无摩擦影响的情况下运动。所述缝隙沿丝杠传动部件3、4的径向方向测量出的宽度基本上小于所述沉入深度T。
在滚珠丝杠传动装置2的确定的运行中,润滑剂、尤其油脂位于丝杠3和丝杠螺母4之间,其中,通过密封装置22、23得到丝杠传动部件3、4之间的密封。密封装置22、23分别具有与弹性体元件25连接的金属芯24。通过弹性体元件25构成两个密封唇26、27。
在根据图1和图4的结构形式中,滚珠丝杠传动装置2构型为使得转向件6能够止挡在密封装置23上,所述密封装置位于丝杠螺母4的背离离合器分离轴承9的外环10的那个端侧上。在此,转向件6的止挡面28与密封唇26(也就是弹性体元件25的区段)接触。
以类似的方式,在根据图6的结构形式中在转向件6的轴向止挡面28和密封装置22之间设置呈接触形式的滚珠丝杠传动装置2的轴向止挡。通过转向体6与丝杠螺母4共同作用的轴向止挡功能已在装配滚珠丝杠传动装置2时产生防过度扭转的保护,其中,尤其防止滚珠5的脱出。
附图标记列表
1离合器分离设备
2
3丝杠
4丝杠螺母
5滚动体、滚珠
6转向件
7凹陷
8滚动轴承
9离合器分离轴承
10外环
11丝杠螺母的轨道
12丝杠的轨道
13转向通道
14中心区段
15底部
16缝隙空间
17贴靠面
18沟槽式凹空
19转向鼻部
20沟槽结构
21遮盖面
22密封装置
23密封装置
24金属芯
25弹性体元件
26密封唇
27密封唇
28止挡面
Sp缝隙宽度
T沉入深度。

Claims (8)

1.一种滚珠丝杠传动装置,其具有两个丝杠传动部件(3、4),即丝杠(3)和丝杠螺母(4),其中,在所述丝杠传动部件(3、4)之一中安装至少一个转向件(6),用于滚珠(5)的单个转向,其特征在于,所述转向件(6)安装到由所述丝杠传动部件(3、4)形成的凹陷(7)中,使得在所述凹陷(7)的底部(15)和所述转向件(6)之间形成缝隙空间(16),并且所述转向件(6)以在所述凹陷(7)旁边的侧贴靠面(17)靠置在所述丝杠传动部件(3、4)上,所述转向件(6)的配合到所述凹陷(7)中的区段是中心区段(14),在所述中心区段(14)和所述凹陷(7)的所述底部(15)之间形成的所述缝隙空间(16)使得所述转向件(6)不靠置在所述底部(15)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滚珠丝杠传动装置,其特征在于,所述转向件(6)具有伸出超过所述凹陷(7)的、沿所述丝杠传动部件(3、4)的切线方向延伸的两个转向鼻部(19)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的滚珠丝杠传动装置,其特征在于,安装到一个丝杠传动部件(3、4)的凹陷(7)中的所述转向件(6)具有遮盖面(21),所述遮盖面与另一丝杠传动部件(4、3)的螺纹互补地成型。
4.根据权利要求3所述的滚珠丝杠传动装置,其特征在于,在所述转向件(6)的遮盖面(21)和所述另一丝杠传动部件(4、3)的螺纹之间形成缝隙,所述缝隙在所述丝杠传动部件(3、4)的径向方向上测量到的宽度小于所述转向件(6)在所述凹陷(7)中的沉入深度(T)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的滚珠丝杠传动装置,其特征在于,所述转向件(6)的、与安装到所述丝杠传动部件(3、4)之一中的转向件(6)的贴靠面(17)垂直定向的止挡面(28)构造为设置用于与另一丝杠传动部件(4、3)共同作用的轴向止挡面。
6.根据权利要求5所述的滚珠丝杠传动装置,其特征在于,所述止挡面(28)设置为用于与保持在所述另一丝杠传动部件(4、3)上的密封装置(22、23)共同作用。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的滚珠丝杠传动装置,其特征在于,在所述转向件(6)的侧贴靠面(17)和配合到所述凹陷(7)中的中心区段(14)之间构造所述转向件(6)的沟槽式凹空(18)。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的滚珠丝杠传动装置,其特征在于,所述转向件(6)安装到所述丝杠(3)中。
CN201880020609.1A 2017-04-28 2018-04-09 滚珠丝杠传动装置 Active CN110446882B (zh)

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WO2018196916A1 (de) 2018-11-01
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KR20190141678A (ko) 2019-12-24
DE102017109140A1 (de) 2018-10-31

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