CN110432099A - A kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN110432099A CN110432099A CN201910855017.8A CN201910855017A CN110432099A CN 110432099 A CN110432099 A CN 110432099A CN 201910855017 A CN201910855017 A CN 201910855017A CN 110432099 A CN110432099 A CN 110432099A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/35—Bulbs; Alliums, e.g. onions or leeks
Abstract
This patent is related to technical field of crop cultivation, disclose a kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency, the following steps are included: a: winter planting garlic harvests post-trenching, bedding in annual late rice, harrows broken, fertilising, sowing, at least 12 days harvests before the transplanting of second year early rice；B: plantation early rice is sowed annual March 20 to March 30, is transplanted within 5th to May within Yu Siyue 25th, and Yu Qiyue 15 to July 25 is harvested；C: cultivating a second crop of rice, and sows, is transplanted within 30th to July annual June 10 to June 20 within Yu Qiyue 20th, harvested to October 25 within Yu Shiyue 15th.Garlic is planted in double-ridged horn winter slack, the light warm water resource in double-ridged horn winter can be efficiently used, guarantee the good situation of soil, avoiding winter from leaving unused leads to the reduction such as soil fertility, the problem of influencing the plantation of later period double cropping of rice, to improve the yield of double cropping of rice while increasing winter income, economic benefit is improved again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of specifically a kind of high-yield and high-efficiency.
Background technique
In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River is China double cropping of rice main producing region, and winter season field is idle to be somebody's turn to do with low in economic efficiency as limitation
The key factor of regional rice field sustainable development, seriously affected peasant plant rice enthusiasm, this area's double-ridged horn it is main
Traditional planting models are " winter slack-double cropping of rice " and " Chinese milk vetch-double cropping of rice ".Wherein, " winter slack-double cropping of rice " mode fails abundant benefit
It with the photo-thermal water resource in double-ridged horn winter, results in waste of resources, influences paddy soil physicochemical character, lead to double cropping of rice yield not
Height, soil quality decline；" Chinese milk vetch-double cropping of rice " mode be easy to cause double-ridged horn continuous cropping to hinder due to planting Chinese milk vetch for a long time
Hinder, it is serious to be easy to appear pest and disease damage, and Nutrient Elements in Soil lacks, and influences paddy soil health, Chinese milk vetch and double cropping of rice cannot
Balanced increase production, leads to that yield is lower, economic benefit is low, the enthusiasm of peasant planting " Chinese milk vetch-double cropping of rice " has been dampened, to make
It is increasing at double rice cropping system Winter paddy field area, soil and warm light resource are not only wasted, but also also affect national food peace
Entirely.
Summary of the invention
The invention is intended to provide a kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency, to solve existing double-ridged horn winter kind
The problem that yield is lower in implant model, economic benefit is low.
In order to achieve the above object, base case of the invention is as follows:
A kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency, comprising the following steps:
A: winter planting garlic harvests post-trenching, bedding in annual late rice, harrows broken, fertilising, sowing, in second year early rice
It harvests at least 12 days before transplanting；
B: plantation early rice is sowed annual March 20 to March 30, is transplanted within 5th to May within Yu Siyue 25th, Yu Qiyue
15 to July 25 harvested；
C: cultivating a second crop of rice, and sows, is transplanted within 30th to July within Yu Qiyue 20th, in 10 annual June 10 to June 20
The moon 15 to October 25 harvests.
Base case the utility model has the advantages that whole plant of (1) garlic include garlic, garlic leaf (garlic sprouts or garlic bolt) and flower a kind of sedge (garlic
A kind of sedge) it can not only can make seasoning, but also can be used as medicine for vegetable consumption, it is famous food and medicament dual-purpose plant, therefore the warp of garlic
Ji high efficiency.And in emergence successor, when the phase can be carried out harvesting garlic, and market value all with higher, due to day
When situations such as gas reason, turn of the market needs to harvest garlic in advance, loss not will cause, there is good adaptability and strain
Property.Garlic is planted in double-ridged horn winter slack, can be avoided to various emergency cases are adapted to while additionally increasing economic benefit
Cause economic loss.
(2) garlic is planted in double cropping of rice winter slack, the light warm water resource in double-ridged horn winter can be efficiently used, and in the winter
Season carries out reasonable management and utilization to field soil, can guarantee the good situation of soil, and avoiding winter from leaving unused causes soil fertile
The problem of power, water content etc. reduce, and influence the plantation of later period double cropping of rice, to be improved while increasing winter income
The yield of double cropping of rice, improves economic benefit again.
(3) maturity period of garlic is shorter relative to potato, and it is early rice that the more time can be provided before early rice is transplanted
Transplanting is prepared, and garlic at least 12 days before early rice transplanting harvest, and reserve while guaranteeing the garlic quality of harvest enough
Time soil is arranged, guarantee early rice can be timely completed transplanting.
Further, in a step, 51% three element compound fertilizer 730-760kg/hm is applied2, rape cake 740-770kg/hm2Make base
Fertilizer applies urea 130-160kg/hm2Make top dressing.It when planting garlic, applies fertilizer to garlic, can guarantee the good life of garlic
It is long, and can guarantee the good condition of soil, the plantation of subsequent early rice will not be had an impact.
Further, in a step, garlic application rate is 2400-2500kg/hm2, garlic seeding row spacing 14-16cm × 4-7cm.
Garlic can guarantee the good growth of garlic using this application rate and seeding row spacing while guaranteeing economic benefit.
Further, in b step, base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings are carried out to early rice, base manure is disposable before early rice transplanting
It applies, base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O512%) 400-450kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 155-175kg/hm2And potassium chloride
(K2O60%) 100-102kg/hm2, fetilizer for tillering 5-7d application after transplanting, fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 93-105kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 60-61kg/hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 1-2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%) 62-
70kg/hm2With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 40-41kg/hm2.Different proportion of fertilizer is carried out in three different phases to early rice to apply
Fertilizer can effectively ensure that the good growth of early rice.
Further, in step c, base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings are carried out to late rice, base manure is disposable before late rice transplanting
It applies, base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O512%) 400-450kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 155-175kg/hm2And potassium chloride
(K2O60%) 100-102kg/hm2, fetilizer for tillering 5-7d application after transplanting, fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 93-105kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 60-61kg/hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 1-2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%) 62-
70kg/hm2With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 40-41kg/hm2.Different proportion of fertilizer is carried out in three different phases to late rice to apply
Fertilizer can effectively ensure that the good growth of early rice.
Further, the potassium chloride (K in the base manure, fetilizer for tillering and ear manuer2O60%) ratio is base manure: fetilizer for tillering: ear manuer=5:
3:2.It is applied fertilizer by planting experience for a long time and repeatedly proving that experiment is obtained using the ratio, the growth of early rice and late rice
Effect is best, yield highest.
Further, urea (N46%) ratio in the base manure, fetilizer for tillering and ear manuer is base manure: fetilizer for tillering: ear manuer=5:3:2.
It is applied fertilizer by planting experience for a long time and repeatedly proving that experiment is obtained using the ratio, the growth result of early rice and late rice
Best, yield highest.
Further, in b step, the application rate of early rice is 300kg/hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of early rice is 23cm, and spacing in the rows is
19cm.By planting experience for a long time and repeatedly proving that experiment obtains, early rice is using the application rate and transplanting line-spacing, strain
Away from the best growth result of early rice and highest yield can be obtained.
Further, in step c, the application rate of late rice is 225kg/hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of late rice is 23cm, and spacing in the rows is
23cm.According to the sowing time of late rice and transplanting time difference, application rate and transplanting line-spacing, spacing in the rows to late rice are made and being different from
The adjustment of early rice, so that application rate and transplanting line-spacing, spacing in the rows are more suitable for late rice, so that late rice be made to reach best growth result
With highest yield.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the crop economy yield comparison figure in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Specific embodiment
It is further described below by specific embodiment:
Embodiment one
A kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency, comprising the following steps:
A: winter planting garlic harvests post-trenching, bedding in annual late rice, harrows broken, fertilising, sowing, applies 51% 3 element
Compound fertilizer 750kg/hm2, rape cake 750kg/hm2Make base manure, applies urea 150kg/hm2Make top dressing, garlic application rate is
2475kg/hm2, garlic seeding row spacing 15cm × 6cm, in first 15 days harvests of second year early rice transplanting；
B: plantation early rice was sowed annual March 25, is transplanted within Yu Wuyue 1st, and the application rate of early rice is 300kg/
hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of early rice is 23cm, spacing in the rows 19cm, carries out base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings to early rice, base manure is in water
Disposable before rice transplanting to apply, base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O512%) 420kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 165kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 101.25kg/hm2, fetilizer for tillering 5-7d application after transplanting, fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 99kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 60.75kg/hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 1-2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%)
66kg/hm2With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 40.5kg/hm2, harvest within Yu Qiyue 20th；
C: cultivating a second crop of rice, and sowed, is transplanted annual June 15 within Yu Qiyue 25th, and the application rate of late rice is 225kg/
hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of late rice is 23cm, spacing in the rows 23cm, carries out base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings to late rice, base manure is in evening
Disposable before rice transplanting to apply, base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O512%) 420kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 165kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 101.25kg/hm2, fetilizer for tillering 5-7d application after transplanting, fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 99kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 60.75kg/hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 1-2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%)
66kg/hm2With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 40.5kg/hm2, harvest within Yu Shiyue 20th.
It is carried out in northeast Jingxi typical case double rice cropping system Jiangxi Province Wannian County institute of agricultural sciences experimental plot.Selected experimental plot is for many years always
The cropping pattern for following " winter slack-double cropping of rice " is very complete one piece of farmland, and topography is higher, fills draining conveniently, soil fertilizer
Power is more uniform, is suitable for being tested herein.On March 25th, 2012 takes basic soil sample, topsoil (0- before testing after measured
15cm) pH value 6.08, organic matter 41.81gkg-1, full nitrogen 1.97gkg-1, available phosphorus 16.38mgkg-1, available potassium
130.00mg·kg-1, organic carbon 24.25gkg-1, cation exchange capacity (CEC) 5.89cmol (+) kg-1.Later according to random area
Double cropping of rice, the soil fertility of especially each district's groups of each cell are planted by identical management process in the model split experimental plot of group
Situation is almost the same, lays a good foundation for the plantation of winter crops, while eliminating because of cell soil original condition
Difference gives test possible error.
Since being sowed winter crops on October 9 in 2012, each experimental plot area is 66m for this test2(11m×
6m), it is arranged, is repeated 3 times, totally 9 experimental plots using random district's groups, the protection band of 1.0-1.5m is set around cell.Design 3
Kind processing (winter kind) mode, is handled A (CK): winter slack-early rice-late rice；Handle B: Chinese milk vetch-early rice-late rice；Handle C: garlic-
Early rice-late rice.
Winter crops provided by the present invention-double cropping of rice high-yield and high-efficiency cropping pattern is used in conjunction with can be seen that in Fig. 1
Afterwards, compared to traditional winter slack or winter kind Chinese milk vetch, winter kind garlic can harvest about 20000kg/hm2Above Garlic yield,
Rice yield is also obviously improved simultaneously.Early rice and late rice yield under winter kind garlic mode reach 7256.50kg/ every year on average
hm2And 8773.3kg/hm2, 6.7% and 4.2%, late rice annual output is respectively increased than winter slack and winter kind Chinese milk vetch in early rice annual output
5.0% and 1.6% is respectively increased than winter slack and winter kind Chinese milk vetch.
Embodiment two
A kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency, comprising the following steps:
A: winter planting garlic harvests post-trenching, bedding in annual late rice, harrows broken, fertilising, sowing, applies 51% 3 element
Compound fertilizer 730kg/hm2, rape cake 740kg/hm2Make base manure, applies urea 130kg/hm2Make top dressing, garlic application rate is
2400kg/hm2, garlic seeding row spacing 14cm × 4cm, in first 12 days harvests of second year early rice transplanting；
B: plantation early rice was sowed annual March 20, is transplanted within Yu Siyue 25th, and the application rate of early rice is 300kg/
hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of early rice is 23cm, spacing in the rows 19cm, carries out base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings to early rice, base manure is in water
Disposable before rice transplanting to apply, base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O512%) 400kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 155kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 100kg/hm2, fetilizer for tillering 5-7d application after transplanting, fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 93kg/hm2And chlorine
Change potassium (K2O60%) 60kg/hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 1-2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%) 62kg/hm2
With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 40kg/hm2, harvest within Yu Qiyue 15th；
C: cultivating a second crop of rice, and sowed, is transplanted annual June 10 within Yu Qiyue 20th, and the application rate of late rice is 225kg/
hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of late rice is 23cm, spacing in the rows 23cm, carries out base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings to late rice, base manure is in evening
Disposable before rice transplanting to apply, base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O512%) 400kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 155kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 100kg/hm2, fetilizer for tillering 5-7d application after transplanting, fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 93kg/hm2And chlorine
Change potassium (K2O60%) 60kg/hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 1-2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%) 62kg/hm2
With potassium chloride (K2O60% it harvests within) 40kg/hm2, Yu Shiyue 15 days.
Embodiment three
A kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency, comprising the following steps:
A: winter planting garlic harvests post-trenching, bedding in annual late rice, harrows broken, fertilising, sowing, applies 51% 3 element
Compound fertilizer 760ghm-2, rape cake 770kg/hm2Make base manure, applies urea 160kg/hm2Make top dressing, garlic application rate is
2500kg/hm2, garlic seeding row spacing 16cm × 7cm, in first 18 days harvests of second year early rice transplanting；
B: plantation early rice was sowed annual March 30, is transplanted within Yu Wuyue 5th, and the application rate of early rice is 300kg/
hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of early rice is 23cm, spacing in the rows 19cm, carries out base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings to early rice, base manure is in water
Disposable before rice transplanting to apply, base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O512%) 450kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 175kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 102kg/hm2, fetilizer for tillering 7d application after transplanting, fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 105kg/hm2And chlorination
Potassium (K2O60%) 61kg/hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%) 70kg/hm2And chlorine
Change potassium (K2O60%) 41kg/hm2, harvest within Yu Qiyue 25th；
C: cultivating a second crop of rice, and sowed, is transplanted annual June 20 within Yu Qiyue 30th, and the application rate of late rice is 225kg/
hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of late rice is 23cm, spacing in the rows 23cm, carries out base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings to late rice, base manure is in evening
Disposable before rice transplanting to apply, base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate (P2O512%) 450kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 175kg/hm2With
Potassium chloride (K2O60%) 102kg/hm2, fetilizer for tillering 7d application after transplanting, fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 105kg/hm2And chlorination
Potassium (K2O60%) 61kg/hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%) 70kg/hm2And chlorine
Change potassium (K2O60%) 41kg/hm2, harvest within Yu Shiyue 25th.
What has been described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and/or characteristic are herein in scheme
It does not describe excessively.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the invention, also
Several modifications and improvements can be made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence of the invention real
The effect and patent practicability applied.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, specification
In the records such as specific embodiment can be used for explaining the content of claim.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency, which comprises the following steps:
A: winter planting garlic harvests post-trenching, bedding in annual late rice, harrows broken, fertilising, sowing, transplants in second year early rice
It harvests within first at least 12 days；
B: plantation early rice, in annual March 20 to March 30 sow, transplanted within 5th to May within Yu Siyue 25th, Yu Qiyue 15 to
July 25 harvested；
C: cultivating a second crop of rice, and sows, is transplanted within 30th to July within Yu Qiyue 20th, Yu Shiyue 15 annual June 10 to June 20
Day to October 25 harvests.
2. the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in a step, apply 51%
Three element compound fertilizer 730-760kg/hm2, rape cake 740-770kg/hm2Make base manure, applies urea 130-160kg/hm2Make top dressing.
3. the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in a step, garlic is broadcast
Kind amount is 2400-2500kg/hm2, garlic seeding row spacing 14-16cm × 4-7cm.
4. the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in b step, to early rice
Base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings are carried out, base manure is disposable before early rice transplanting to be applied, and base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate
(P2O512%) 400-450kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 155-175kg/hm2With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 100-102kg/hm2,
Fetilizer for tillering 5-7d after transplanting is applied, and fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 93-105kg/hm2With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 60-61kg/
hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 1-2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%) 62-70kg/hm2And potassium chloride
(K2O60%) 40-41kg/hm2。
5. the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step c, to late rice
Base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer 3 times fertilisings are carried out, base manure is disposable before late rice transplanting to be applied, and base manure includes calcium magnesium phosphate
(P2O512%) 400-450kg/hm2, urea (N46%) 155-175kg/hm2With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 100-102kg/hm2,
Fetilizer for tillering 5-7d after transplanting is applied, and fetilizer for tillering includes urea (N46%) 93-105kg/hm2With potassium chloride (K2O60%) 60-61kg/
hm2, ear manuer applies in stem children spike length 1-2cm, and ear manuer includes urea (N46%) 62-70kg/hm2And potassium chloride
(K2O60%) 40-41kg/hm2。
6. according to the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency described in claim 4,5, which is characterized in that the base manure, tiller
Potassium chloride (K in fertilizer and ear manuer2O60%) ratio is base manure: fetilizer for tillering: ear manuer=5:3:2.
7. according to the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency described in claim 4,5, which is characterized in that the base manure, tiller
Urea (N46%) ratio in fertilizer and ear manuer is base manure: fetilizer for tillering: ear manuer=5:3:2.
8. the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in b step, early rice
Application rate is 300kg/hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of early rice is 23cm, spacing in the rows 19cm.
9. the double-ridged horn cropping pattern of high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step c, late rice
Application rate is 225kg/hm2, the transplanting line-spacing of late rice is 23cm, spacing in the rows 23cm.
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Application publication date: 20191112 |