CN110431978A - A kind of low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation method - Google Patents
A kind of low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110431978A CN110431978A CN201910883983.0A CN201910883983A CN110431978A CN 110431978 A CN110431978 A CN 110431978A CN 201910883983 A CN201910883983 A CN 201910883983A CN 110431978 A CN110431978 A CN 110431978A
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- water
- fertilizer
- hilly
- low slope
- orchard
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
Provide a kind of low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard water-fertilizer-pesticide integration sprinkling irrigation autocontrol method, including by the equipment such as water source (reservoir and water purifying tank), power control unit (motor, blower, water pump, liquid manure case etc.), aqueduct (main pipe, branch pipe, water dropper) and auxiliary triangle bracket, the liquid such as water-fertilizer-pesticide are uniformly exported to every plant of low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard depths tree.By using this method, the water of irrigation, fertilizer, medicine utilization rate are greatly improved, and significantly improve fruit yield and quality.The equipment that this method uses is simple, water dropper does not block, alleviates hillside fields pressure difference, is convenient for management, is conducive to promote.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient, energy conservation, low consumption orchard irrigation methods.
Technical field
Background technique
Being sprayed irrigation technology is a kind of water-saving, the high-efficient irrigation technology developed rapidly in recent years, is by water dropper drop
Mode, slowly moisture and nutrient are transported to the irrigation method of crop root zone, it is more a large amount of than savings such as past flood irrigation, furrow irrigation
Human and material resources, wide application is obtained in the plantation of crops at present.
Trickle irrigation mostly uses the water dropper of micro-tubular, and one end is fixed on the branch pipe of aqueduct, and one end is placed in the root zone of crop
Near, water drop by drop, uniformly and is slowly instilled to the form of pouring water near crop root zone in soil.Due to the amount of dripping
Less, the soil moisture under condition of drip irrigation only below water dropper is in a saturated state, and the soil moisture at other positions is in non-full
And state, soil moisture are mainly acted on by capillary pulling power into diffusion is blended, its biggest advantage is that efficiency of water application is up to 95%
More than, and it is stronger to the repellence of the natural calamities such as wind；But the disadvantage is that water dropper is vulnerable to the mud on the bite of the forest land plague of rats, ground
Husky or other sundries are easy blocking dropping head.And for most of fruit tree and forest, because its orchard establishment is generally on hills mountain
Area, topography be not it is especially flat, branch pipe is easy there are pressure difference, some water droppers drop is caused not to be discharged；Meanwhile fruit tree and root system exist
It is distributed relatively deep wider in soil, moisture, the fertilizer of trickle irrigation only lean on the capillary percolation of soil surface, and root system absorptivity is much smaller than
General crops.
Sprinkler irrigation technique refers to installs dedicated spray head on sprinkler, is sprayed at water in the air using hydraulic pressure, then again
It falls on the ground or on plant.This method spray area is big and uniform, liquid manure reasonable utilization can be improved the soft of soil
Property and reduce surface temperature, avoid the bite or blocking of water dropper, but be affected by the wind larger, wind-force is no more than 3 grades.
Background technique.
Summary of the invention
It is high in the orchard water of low slope knob, fertilizer, medicine utilization rate that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of,
Improve percentage of fertile fruit and completely filled fruit degree, the efficient irrigation technique of the simple and convenient management of facility.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem with following technical solution:
Length 10m-15m, width 3m-5m, depth 2.5m are built on away from the slightly higher topography within the edge line distance 500m of orchard
Above brick mix structure reservoir；Diameter 2m, the cylindrical water purifying tank of depth 2.5m are built in the north and south orientation Liang Ge of reservoir respectively
As filtering ponds.
Facility deposit room installation drip irrigation header control system is established near reservoir, from water pump hinge (gate valve, pressure
Table, non-return valve, air inlet and exhaust valve) automatic backwash sandrock filter, automatic backwashing lamination filter, water meter, intelligence are connected afterwards
Triple channel fertilizing equipment etc..
Implement in region in water-fertilizer integral, the ditching around plot, laying water pipes, main pipe is east-west, branch pipe
South-north direction sets up water delivery tubule, in every two fruit tree arranged alongsides it is characterized in that every row trees are laid with 1 branch pipe in orchard
One mini sprinkler.
Micro drop head is that flow is 2L-6L per hour.
Low slope hilly orchard topography is uneven, there are pressure difference during conveying liquid manure, topography height difference compared with
2-3 pressure valve is added in big region.
Aqueduct is supported every the stainless steel A-frame that antenna height is 1.5m between two trees, is prevented because of water pipe height
Low influence transfer efficiency straggly, while avoiding silt blocking and plague of rats bite water dropper.
High-effect, low water consumption hilly upland orchard irrigation method of the invention, water-fertilizer-pesticide utilization rate greatly improve, invention
Equipment is simple, water dropper does not block, easy to operation, facilitates management, is remarkably improved fruit yield and quality.
Summary of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The low slope hilly orchard irrigation technique of efficient low-consume water of the invention, irrigating facility include reservoir, water purifying tank, drop
Fill stem control system and liquid conducting pipes.Drip irrigation header control system is containing the container for containing water-fertilizer-pesticide liquid, automatic backflushing
Wash sandrock filter, automatic backwashing lamination filter.Liquid conducting pipes will mixed liquid manure medical fluid according to a certain percentage
For body by water delivery supervisor, branch pipe and hollow billet output, there is a water delivery supervisor in each region, and every row fruit tree picks out a water delivery branch
Pipe, every delivery pipe branch, which is picked out, has water dropper with the comparable hollow billet of fruit tree quantity, the output end of hollow billet, and it is intermediate that water dropper is placed in two trees
Uniformly spray liquid.
The flow of water dropper is 2L-6L per hour, view soil water content and microclimate environment difference and adjusts.
Delivery pipe branch is supported every the stainless steel A-frame that antenna height is 1.5m between two trees.
The present invention is filtered using the reservoir being located near low slope hilly ground as resource of water supply by water purifying tank, sandstone
It is transported to after case in liquid manure medicine container.Container is equipped with lid, there is inlet opening, water outlet, drainage hole.Fertilizer, agriculture can be added by opening lid
Medicine etc., inlet opening are at water, and water outlet is connect with water delivery general pipeline, the precipitating such as discharge impurity when drainage hole is cleaning liquid container
Object.Water delivery general pipeline PVC hard tube, the internal diameter of hollow billet are matched with water dropper.
Before the operation of water-fertilizer-pesticide integration spray irrigation system, check control valve whether flexible operation and in the closed position, electricity
The case where whether pressure, water meter, filter plant are normal, and water pump and connecting tube each section are either with or without gas leakage and air inlet opens gate system
System checks whether dripping end flow is uniformly unobstructed after bringing into operation.
Embodiment
Testing has in July, 2018 in Institute of Botany's cooperation proving ground Changzhou fruit U.S. agricultural science and technology
Limit company thin shell mountain pecan peach garden carries out, and test landform is the knob southern Jiangsu Di Po, and test material is that 8 years raw apocaryas are transferred
Seedlings picking, plantation density are 6m × 8m.
Length 13m, width 3.8m are built on away from the slightly higher topography within the edge line distance 500m of orchard, depth 2.5m's
Brick mix structure reservoir；Diameter 2m is built in the north and south orientation Liang Ge of reservoir respectively, and the cylindrical water purifying tank of depth 2.5m was used as
Filter tank.Facility deposit room, the dynamic Controls equipment such as installation water pump, motor, blower, water pump, liquid manure case are being established away from orchard edge.
Implement in region in water-fertilizer integral, the ditching around plot, laying water pipes install solenoid valve.
The hollow billet internal diameter of water transfer pipe network is 4mm, and water dropper flow velocity is 4L per hour.
Select tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, growth potential is almost the same 18 plants of apocaryas ' wave Buddhist nun ' kind, 8 years raw graftings as
Test tree, point 2 processing: A- trunk is sprayed, per hour 4L, each 1 water dropper in every plant of tree two sides；B- control, is not laid with liquid manure
Integrated spray irrigation system, conventional soil are applied, and total fertilization amount is consistent with filling total amount is sprayed.Every 3 trees are a district's groups, each district's groups 3
Secondary repetition.
Balance Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20+TE) is applied 1 time in apocarya florescence (March in January -), fruit expanding period
(May in April -) applies high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (16-8-34++TE) 1 time and balance Water soluble fertilizer (20-20-20+TE) 2 times, fruit fill
The slurry phase (July in June -) applies high potassium type Water soluble fertilizer (16-8-34++TE) 2 times.Apply fertilizer when sprinkling irrigation 5kg per acre every time, pours water every time
Measure 10m3Left and right.Urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate are all soluble easily in water.
For test period in November, 2018 picking fruit since in mid-February, 2018, each single plant picks 30 fruits,
The single fruit weight (g), kernel percent (%) and single plant fresh pod yield (k/ plants) of each fruit are measured respectively.
As it can be seen from table 1 the single fruit weight of thin shell mountain pecan Peach fruits increases than control under water-fertilizer-pesticide integration sprinkling irrigation processing
0.74g, kernel percent improve 4%, and single plant yield increases obviously compared to control, improves 23%.
Table 1 is different to be sprayed the influence for filling processing to apocarya fruit yield and quality
| Processing | Single fruit weight (g) | Kernel percent (%) | Fruit transverse diameter (cm) | Fruit indulges diameter (cm) | Single plant fresh pod yield (kg/ plants) |
| Water-fertilizer-pesticide integration sprinkling irrigation processing | 8.25±0.57 | 58.47±0.23 | 3.73±0.18 | 2.27±0.05 | 6.25±0.35 |
| Control | 7.51±0.36 | 56.22±0.41 | 3.25±0.15 | 2.19±0.14 | 4.32±0.28 |
Claims (4)
1. a kind of low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation method, which is characterized in that the setting packet of spray irrigation system
Include following steps:
(1) length 10m-15m, width 3m-5m, depth are built on away from the slightly higher topography within the edge line distance 500m of orchard
The brick mix structure reservoir of 2.5m or more；
(2) diameter 2m is built in the north and south orientation Liang Ge of reservoir respectively, and the cylindrical water purifying tank of depth 2.5m is as filtering ponds；
(3) facility deposit room installation drip irrigation header control system is established near reservoir, from water pump hinge (gate valve, pressure
Table, non-return valve, air inlet and exhaust valve) automatic backwash sandrock filter, automatic backwashing lamination filter, water meter, intelligence are connected afterwards
Triple channel fertilizing equipment；
(4) implement in region in water-fertilizer integral, the ditching around plot, laying water pipes, main pipe is east-west, branch pipe south
North trend realizes that every row trees are laid with 1 branch pipe in orchard, sets up water delivery tubule, micro- at every two fruit tree arranged alongsides one
Spray head.
2. low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard as described in claim 1 water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation method, which is characterized in that water dropper
Flow be 2L-6L per hour.
3. low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard as described in claim 1 water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation skill method, which is characterized in that In
2-3 pressure valve is added in the biggish region of topography height difference.
4. low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard as described in claim 1 water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation method, which is characterized in that two
Antenna height is the stainless steel A-frame of 1.5m to balance delivery pipe branch and avoid water dropper stifled in delivery pipe branch between tree
Plug.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910883983.0A CN110431978A (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | A kind of low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910883983.0A CN110431978A (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | A kind of low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation method |
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| CN110431978A true CN110431978A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
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| CN201910883983.0A Pending CN110431978A (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | A kind of low slope hilly and mountainous land orchard water, fertilizer, medicine integration sprinkling irrigation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110999693A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-14 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated pesticide application method for fruit trees |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1732740A (en) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-02-15 | 王树功 | New technique for supplying air, temperature and water manure to crops |
| CN201436843U (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2010-04-14 | 无锡职业技术学院 | Water-saving irrigation system |
| CN103828527A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-04 | 广西大学 | Orchard irrigation technique with high efficiency and low water consumption |
| CN204560464U (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区水利科学研究院 | A kind of dragon fruit solar energy micro-sprinkler irrigation system |
-
2019
- 2019-09-18 CN CN201910883983.0A patent/CN110431978A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1732740A (en) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-02-15 | 王树功 | New technique for supplying air, temperature and water manure to crops |
| CN201436843U (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2010-04-14 | 无锡职业技术学院 | Water-saving irrigation system |
| CN103828527A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-04 | 广西大学 | Orchard irrigation technique with high efficiency and low water consumption |
| CN204560464U (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区水利科学研究院 | A kind of dragon fruit solar energy micro-sprinkler irrigation system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 杨萌等: "滴灌高效节水灌溉技术在山丘区茶园中的应用", 《山东水利》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110999693A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-14 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated pesticide application method for fruit trees |
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