CN107182419A - The drip irrigation system of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota - Google Patents
The drip irrigation system of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota Download PDFInfo
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- CN107182419A CN107182419A CN201710475382.7A CN201710475382A CN107182419A CN 107182419 A CN107182419 A CN 107182419A CN 201710475382 A CN201710475382 A CN 201710475382A CN 107182419 A CN107182419 A CN 107182419A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
- A01G25/023—Dispensing fittings for drip irrigation, e.g. drippers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the drip irrigation system that red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, belong to agricultural irrigation technology.The present invention combines discarded fishpond waste water resource with drip irrigation, red grape garden is irrigated while discarded fishpond waste water is turned waste into wealth, according to different humitures, Intelligent adjustment drop speed, water saving is obvious, stable, dependable performance effectively improves red grape irrigation conditions, greatly serve red grape water-efficient irrigation, section fertilizer, the application effect of labour is reduced, the quality and yield of red grape is improved, realizes increasing production and improying productivity for red grape.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural irrigation technology, the drip irrigation system of red grape is specifically irrigated using fishpond waste water quota
System.
Background technology
In China, agricultural is to use water rich and influential family, and agricultural water accounts for the 64.6% of national water total amount within 2004；But, China
Agricultural water efficiency is not high, and agricultural still gets used to broad irrigation.The usage factor of National Agricultural irrigation water is averagely about
0.43, advanced country 0.7-0.8.Irrigation technique falls behind the main bottleneck for having become restriction Chinese national economy development.In water
In the case that resource day is becoming tight, water-saving irrigation is carried out, benefit is wanted to water saving, it is imperative, and drip irrigation is most advanced so far, most
One of water-saving irrigation technique of water-saving.
Drip irrigation is a kind of water saving low pressure irrigation technology, is widely used in farmland water conservancy works.It passes through the pressure water of filtering
Aqueduct and pipe network are transported to irrigation belt, by water dropper in the form of water droplet gentle uniform irrigation.Drip irrigation technique is typically and machine
Tool is supported the use, using the hollow billet pipeline and water dropper specially designed, by water and fertilizer together drip irrigation to crop root, progress office
Portion is irrigated.
At present, most vineyaries still use traditional furrow irrigation or flood irrigation mode cultivating grape, not only waste water resource, also
The harm such as the seepage of soluble nutrient and the soil salinization of physical features lower region is caused, therefore with the development of science and technology more
The call that many responses economize on resources, is cultivated using under-film drip irrigation mode to grape.Existing irrigation system can be for difference
Plant carries out site-directed quantitative irrigation, so that saving water resource to water demand.But when being irrigated for grape crop,
Different zones temperature is different, causes grape crop institute water requirement different.Traditional irrigation system can not according to the temperature of different zones,
Adjust duty.Therefore existing irrigation system has that intelligence degree is low, the low shortcoming of water utilization rate.
The content of the invention
Irrigate the drip irrigation system of red grape by norm it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of utilization fishpond waste water, separately
One purpose is the drip irrigation irrigation method for providing a kind of red grape.
The present invention employs the drip irrigation system that above-mentioned utilization fishpond waste water quota irrigates red grape, the drip irrigation when irrigating
System includes：Central control host, retaining controller, mixing control device, drip irrigation emitter, quota irrigation controller and temperature control
Device；Described central control host output end is connected with described drip irrigation emitter, described central control host input and retaining
Controller, mixing control device, the connection of quota irrigation controller and temperature controller；Described retaining controller also includes：Supply water
Module, filtering module；Described water supply module is connected with filtering module by central processing module；Described water supply module terminal
It is connected with the first supply-water pump and the second fertilizer pump；The first described supply-water pump is connected with fishpond effluent storage pond；Second fertilizer pump
It is connected with liquid manure storage pool；Described filtering module terminal is connected with automatic filtering unit；Described quota irrigation controller bag
Include：Irrigation water capacity data processing module, watering period data processing module, irrigation water perdurabgility data processing module and
Number of rotational irrigation group is according to processing module；Described drip irrigation emitter also includes：Irrigate data interface module, central processing module, drive module；
Described central processing module includes：Maincenter answers hydraulic pressure sensor module, maincenter to answer pipe pressure sensor module and GPRS without line number
Transmission module；Described drive module terminal is drip irrigation equipment；Described drip irrigation equipment is followed successively by：3rd supply-water pump, main, branch pipe
And the fast autocontrol valve of water dropper presser sensor control valve, drop and hydraulic inductor on hollow billet；Described presser sensor control
Valve is arranged on the initiating terminal of main；The fast autocontrol valve of described drop is arranged on water dropper end；Described hydraulic inductor is set
The stage casing in branch pipe；Described temperature and humidity controller includes：Temperature sensor, humidity sensor；Described temperature and humidity controller
Terminal is provided with humiture monitoring device.Described mixing control device terminal is agitating device；Described main and branch pipe connection
Place sets microfiltration membranes.
The drip irrigation method of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, is comprised the following steps：
(1) grape is transplanted：Grape north-south be colonized in field planting ditch in, seeding row spacing be set to 2.2 meters × 0.8 meter, grape trellis
For single hedge frame, high 1.2-1.5m, positioned at vine north, concrete column, field planting row distance column 50cm is found along grape row every 5-6m；
(2) drip irrigation zone is laid：Biobelt laying method is selected in drip irrigation zone, i.e. two drip irrigation zones of often row laying, and one is placed in field planting
In owner of a trading company or a workshop side, the field planting ditch to the north of column at 40cm；Another is laid under grape trellis, in the shallow slot on the south column at 40cm,
A hollow billet is arranged in two drip irrigation zones at a distance of 80cm, often row grape, and hollow billet arranges that hollow billet spacing is perpendicular to attached pipe and branch pipe
2.20 meters, 0.4 meter of water dropper spacing, design work head is 8 meters, and designed discharge of dripper is 2L/h；
(3) grape watering period：1 time after grape restocking, bloom first 1 time, the flowering fruit phase 1 time, containing the Guan Kaidun that applies fertilizer to the subsoil
Water 1 time, 1 time before undercarriage soil burial winter protection；Breeding time soil moisture content bound control threshold range is maintained at 25% θ f-
18% θ f；
(4) quota is irrigated：The drip irrigation system of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, grows and sends out with reference to red grape
Situation is educated, precision irrigation is carried out；
1. irrigating water quota amount：According to formula mmax=0.001 γ zp (θ max- θ min)；Wherein m is design water irrigating depth；
γ is soil dry bulk density；θ max are the soil moisture content upper limit；θ min are soil moisture content lower limit；Z is the depth of plan wetting layer；
P is that soil soaks ratio；Calculate the irrigation quantity about 330m in vineyard3/hm2；
2. watering period:According to formula T=(m/Ta)η；T is irrigation frequency；TaFor the moisturizing intensity of setting；M is setting
Irrigation norm amount；η Water application rates；The watering period is calculated for 8.2 days, it is 5 days to take the watering period, and water is needed as vineyard
Watering period during peak period；
3. once pour water perdurabgility：According to formula t=m [Se/(S1*qd)]；T represents perdurabgility of once pouring water；SeFor
Water dropper spacing；S1For hollow billet spacing；qdFor designed discharge of dripper；Perdurabgility of once pouring water is calculated for 15 hours；
4. number of rotational irrigation group mesh：According to formula N≤CT/t；N represents the rotation flow quantity maximum allowed；C prolongs to pour water within one day
The continuous time；T is the watering period；T is disposably to pour water perdurabgility；It is 6 to calculate number of rotational irrigation group mesh；
(5) topdress：In addition to base fertilizer, the fertilising of grape breeding time relies on drip irrigation equipment to carry out water-fertilizer integral and irrigated with chasing after
Apply, altogether apply fertilizer 4 times, 1 time is imposed after grape restocking, bloom before impose 1 time, the flowering fruit phase impose 1 time, in undercarriage soil burial winter protection
Impose before 1 time；I.e. after grape restocking, compare nitrogenous fertilizer according to weight：Phosphate fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=2:2:The mixing of 1 ratio is imposed；Chased after before blooming
Fertilising expects that each raw material weight number is：40~45 parts of urea, 30~35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 0.9~1.1 part of zinc sulfate, active boron 1.0
~1.2 parts, 0.3~0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3-0.5 parts of arasaponin, 0.1~0.2 part of potassium decomposing bacteria agent, chitosan ice vinegar
20~40 parts of acid solution, 0.5~1 part of ascorbic acid；The flowering fruit phase imposes each raw material weight number of fertilizer：Urea phosphate 6~
12 parts, 10~50 parts of calcareous fertilisers, 15~60 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 1~5 part of fertiliser containing magnesium, 5~10 parts of poly-aspartic-acid, potassium hydrophosphate it is water-soluble
10~25 parts of liquid, 12~15 parts of EDTA chelated irons；Each raw material weight number of fertilizer is imposed before undercarriage soil burial winter protection is：It is biochemical
40~80 parts of fulvic acid, 15~25 parts fresh of straw pulp, 10~12 parts of fresh lime juice, 1~6 part of acrylic acid-acrylamide, ammonia
10~15 parts of base acid fertilizer, 10~14 parts of alkanoic acid, 0.1~0.5 part of laurate, by 75~100 parts of first grid algae decay agent.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：On the one hand the red grape drip irrigation method and system of the present invention makes full use of fishpond
Waste water carries out filtering irrigation, has saved water resource, and discarded fishpond waste water is turned waste into wealth, on the other hand, by two years
Experiment, red grape drip irrigation system of the present invention, automation and intelligence degree be high, according to different humitures, Intelligent adjustment drop
Speed, water saving is obvious.Stable, dependable performance effectively improves red grape irrigation conditions, greatly serves red grape
Water-efficient irrigation, section fertilizer, reduce the application effect of labour, improve the quality and yield of grape, and the volume increase for realizing grape increases
Effect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, technical scheme is clearly and completely described, it is clear that
Described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made is belonged to
The scope of protection of the invention
1st, enforcement place：Gansu Province Jingning County Wei Rong towns wine-growing garden.The local meteorological condition in vineyard, the warm temperature of category
Band semi-moist semiarid climate, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, has a moderate climate, and illumination is sufficient, average annual 7.1 DEG C of temperature, 159 days frost-free periods, every year
Sunshine time 2238 hours, Rainfall distribution space-time is uneven, and Xia Shui is more, and Winter-Spring is less, 450.8 millimeters of average annual precipitation,
383 millimeters of reliable value, year 1469 millimeters of evaporation capacity, soil is new product soil, belongs to loose sandy loam and glutinous loam.
2nd, grape drip irrigation planting patterns：Grape north-south is colonized in field planting ditch, is colonized row distance column 50cm, seeding row spacing
2.2 meters × 0.8 meter is set to, cultivated area is 100 mu.
3rd, biobelt laying method is selected in drip irrigation zone, i.e. two drip irrigation zones of often row laying, and one is placed in and is colonized owner of a trading company or a workshop side, column with
In Bei40cmChu field planting ditch；Another is laid under grape trellis, in the shallow slot on the south column at 40cm, and two drip irrigation zones are apart
80cm, often row grape arrange a hollow billet, hollow billet is arranged perpendicular to attached pipe and branch pipe；Main selects a diameter of 160 × 4.7/0.6
The pvc tube of millimeter；Branch pipe selects a diameter of 63 × 47/0.4 millimeters of vinyl tube；Hollow billet spacing is
2.20 meters, hollow billet selects a diameter of 16 millimeters of interior edge column drip irrigation pipe；0.4 meter of water dropper spacing, design work head is 8 meters,
Designed discharge of dripper is 2L/h；
4th, drip irrigation system of the present invention specifically, including：Central control host, retaining controller, mixing control device, drip irrigation
Device, quota irrigation controller and temperature controller；Control main frame is from controller in the prior art.Control main frame circuit with
And conductor connections are that those skilled in the art can be realized by art technology.Wherein, described central control host
Output end is connected with described drip irrigation emitter, described central control host input and retaining controller, mixing control device, quota
Irrigation controller is connected and temperature controller；Described retaining controller includes：Water supply module, filtering module；Described water supply
Module is connected with filtering module by central processing module；Described water supply module terminal and the first supply-water pump and the second fertilizer pump
Connection；Described filtering module terminal is connected with automatic filtering unit；Wherein, water supply module passes through central processing module part difference
The first supply-water pump and the second fertilizer pump are sent commands to, first, the first supply-water pump carries out the waste water in the effluent storage pond of fishpond
Extraction is placed in automatic filtering unit, and filtering fish excrement and other insoluble impurities, filtrate are placed in stirring pool, Wait Order operation knot
Shu Hou, then extracted the liquid manure in liquid manure storage pool to automatic filtering unit by the second fertilizer pump, filter insoluble impurities, filter
Liquid is placed in stirring pool, and central control host sends in stirring order control a mixing bowl the mixing speed of mixer and during stirring
Between, until the liquid manure in stirring pool is well mixed；The parameters inputted in central control host in wine-growing and garden, hair
Control command to quota irrigation controller is sent to carry out data processing, described quota irrigation controller includes：Irrigation water capacity number
According to processing module, watering period data processing module, irrigation water perdurabgility data processing module and number of rotational irrigation group according to processing
Module；Specific data are calculated as：1. irrigating water quota amount：Calculated according to formula mmax=0.001 γ zp (θ max- θ min)
Irrigation quantity in vineyard is about 330m3/hm22. watering period:According to formula T=(m/Ia) η calculates the watering period and be
8.2 days, it was 5 days to take the watering period, is used as the watering period during Xu Shui peak periods of vineyard.3. once pour water perdurabgility：According to
According to formula t=m [Se/(S1*qd)] perdurabgility of once pouring water is calculated for 15 hours.4. number of rotational irrigation group mesh：According to formula N
It is 6 that≤CT/t, which calculates number of rotational irrigation group mesh, then inputs data into drip irrigation emitter by the output end of central control host
Irrigation data interface module in, wherein drip irrigation emitter also includes：Central processing module, drive module, described drive module are whole
Hold as drip irrigation equipment；Described drip irrigation equipment is followed successively by：3rd supply-water pump, main, branch pipe and water dropper, pressure on hollow billet are quick
Feel the fast autocontrol valve of control valve, drop and hydraulic inductor；Described presser sensor control valve is arranged on the initiating terminal of main；Institute
The fast autocontrol valve of the drop stated is arranged on water dropper end, will be handled after irrigation data transfer into central processing module, in
Centre processing module assigns irrigation order to drive device, and then the water in the 3rd supply-water pump extraction stirring pool, carries out quota irrigation；
The presser sensor control valve set in the initiating terminal of main, when in pipeline more than 5kg, pressure sensitivity is answered in presser sensor control valve
Answer device that signal is answered into pipe pressure sensor by being wirelessly transferred the maincenter sent into central processing module, then central processing module
Open valve order is sent to stress induction device by wireless transport module, valve is then turned on, reduces downstream pressure；Described
Main and branch pipe junction set microfiltration membranes, when water flows through branch pipe from main, suspended in micro-filtrate membrane filtration, trap water
Thing, bacterium, and macromolecule colloid；And stage casing sets hydraulic inductor in branch pipe, when hydraulic pressure is far below the three of starting hydraulic pressure
When/mono-, hydraulic inductor answers hydraulic pressure sensor by being wirelessly transferred the maincenter sent the signal in central processing module,
Then low-voltage signal is sent to hydraulic pressure sensor, and the connected siren in hydraulic pressure sensor outside sends alarm signal, changed micro-
Filter membrane；Temperature-humidity detecting device is additionally provided with grape trellis in vineyard simultaneously, the temperature-humidity detecting device is built-in with temperature
Degree and humidity sensor, when environment temperature is higher, when soil moisture content is relatively low, central processing is sent a signal to by being wirelessly transferred
Humiture inductor in module, is then sent by wireless transport module and closes valve signal to the sensing dripped inside fast autocontrol valve
Device, closes valve, current drop speed is accelerated, conversely, valve is opened, current drop speed slows down；Described wireless transport module is GPRS
Wireless data transmission module.
Embodiment 1
The drip irrigation method of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, is comprised the following steps：
(1) grape is transplanted：Grape north-south be colonized in field planting ditch in, seeding row spacing be set to 2.2 meters × 0.8 meter, grape trellis
For single hedge frame, high 1.2m, positioned at vine north, concrete column, field planting row distance column 50cm is found along grape row every 5m；
(2) drip irrigation zone is laid：Biobelt laying method is selected in drip irrigation zone, i.e. two drip irrigation zones of often row laying, and one is placed in field planting
In owner of a trading company or a workshop side, the field planting ditch to the north of column at 40cm；Another is laid under grape trellis, in the shallow slot on the south column at 40cm,
A hollow billet is arranged in two drip irrigation zones at a distance of 80cm, often row grape, and hollow billet arranges that hollow billet spacing is perpendicular to attached pipe and branch pipe
2.20 meters, 0.4 meter of water dropper spacing, design work head is 8 meters, and designed discharge of dripper is 2L/h；
(3) grape watering period：1 time after grape restocking, bloom first 1 time, the flowering fruit phase 1 time, containing the Guan Kaidun that applies fertilizer to the subsoil
Water 1 time, 1 time before undercarriage soil burial winter protection；Breeding time soil moisture content bound control threshold range is maintained at 25% θ f-
18% θ f；
(4) quota is irrigated：The drip irrigation system of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, grows and sends out with reference to red grape
Situation is educated, precision irrigation is carried out；
1. irrigating water quota amount：According to formula mmax=0.001 γ zp (θ max- θ min)；Wherein m is design water irrigating depth；
γ is soil dry bulk density；θ max are the soil moisture content upper limit；θ min are soil moisture content lower limit；Z is the depth of plan wetting layer；
P is that soil soaks ratio；Calculate the irrigation quantity about 330m in vineyard3/hm2；
2. watering period:According to formula T=(m/Ta)η；T is irrigation frequency；TaFor the moisturizing intensity of setting；M is setting
Irrigation norm amount；η Water application rates；The watering period is calculated for 8.2 days, it is 5 days to take the watering period, and water is needed as vineyard
Watering period during peak period；
3. once pour water perdurabgility：According to formula t=m [Se/(S1*qd)]；T represents perdurabgility of once pouring water；SeFor
Water dropper spacing；S1For hollow billet spacing；qdFor designed discharge of dripper；Perdurabgility of once pouring water is calculated for 15 hours；
4. number of rotational irrigation group mesh：According to formula N≤CT/t；N represents the rotation flow quantity maximum allowed；C prolongs to pour water within one day
The continuous time；T is the watering period；T is disposably to pour water perdurabgility；It is 6 to calculate number of rotational irrigation group mesh；
(5) topdress：In addition to base fertilizer, the fertilising of grape breeding time relies on drip irrigation equipment to carry out water-fertilizer integral and irrigated with chasing after
Apply, altogether apply fertilizer 4 times, 1 time is imposed after grape restocking, bloom before impose 1 time, the flowering fruit phase impose 1 time, in undercarriage soil burial winter protection
Impose before 1 time；I.e. after grape restocking, compare nitrogenous fertilizer according to weight：Phosphate fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=2:2:The mixing of 1 ratio is imposed；Chased after before blooming
Fertilising expects that each raw material weight number is：40 parts of urea, 30 parts of ammonium nitrate, 0.9 part of zinc sulfate, 1.0 parts of active boron, ferrous sulfate
0.3 part, 0.35 part of arasaponin, 0.1 part of potassium decomposing bacteria agent, 20 parts of chitosan glacial acetic acid solution, 0.5 part of ascorbic acid；Bloom
Setting phase imposes each raw material weight number of fertilizer：6 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of calcareous fertilisers, 15 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 1 part of fertiliser containing magnesium, poly-aspartic
5 parts of acid, 10 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate saline solution, 12 parts of EDTA chelated irons；Each raw material weight of fertilizer is imposed before undercarriage soil burial winter protection
Measuring number is：40 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, 15 parts fresh of straw pulp, 10 parts of fresh lime juice, 1 part of acrylic acid-acrylamide, amino
Sour 10 parts of fertilizer, 10 parts of alkanoic acid, 0.1 part of laurate, by 75 parts of first grid algae decay agent.
Embodiment 2
The drip irrigation method of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, is comprised the following steps：
(1) grape is transplanted：Grape north-south be colonized in field planting ditch in, seeding row spacing be set to 2.2 meters × 0.8 meter, grape trellis
For single hedge frame, high 1.5m, positioned at vine north, concrete column, field planting row distance column 50cm is found along grape row every 6m；
(2) drip irrigation zone is laid：Biobelt laying method is selected in drip irrigation zone, i.e. two drip irrigation zones of often row laying, and one is placed in field planting
In owner of a trading company or a workshop side, the field planting ditch to the north of column at 40cm；Another is laid under grape trellis, in the shallow slot on the south column at 40cm,
A hollow billet is arranged in two drip irrigation zones at a distance of 80cm, often row grape, and hollow billet arranges that hollow billet spacing is perpendicular to attached pipe and branch pipe
2.20 meters, 0.4 meter of water dropper spacing, design work head is 8 meters, and designed discharge of dripper is 2L/h；
(3) grape watering period：1 time after grape restocking, bloom first 1 time, the flowering fruit phase 1 time, containing the Guan Kaidun that applies fertilizer to the subsoil
Water 1 time, 1 time before undercarriage soil burial winter protection；Breeding time soil moisture content bound control threshold range is maintained at 25% θ f-
18% θ f；
(4) quota is irrigated：The drip irrigation system of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, grows and sends out with reference to red grape
Situation is educated, precision irrigation is carried out；
1. irrigating water quota amount：According to formula mmax=0.001 γ zp (θ max- θ min)；Wherein m is design water irrigating depth；
γ is soil dry bulk density；θ max are the soil moisture content upper limit；θ min are soil moisture content lower limit；Z is the depth of plan wetting layer；
P is that soil soaks ratio；Calculate the irrigation quantity about 330m in vineyard3/hm2；
2. watering period:According to formula T=(m/Ta)η；T is irrigation frequency；TaFor the moisturizing intensity of setting；M is setting
Irrigation norm amount；η Water application rates；The watering period is calculated for 8.2 days, it is 5 days to take the watering period, and water is needed as vineyard
Watering period during peak period；
3. once pour water perdurabgility：According to formula t=m [Se/(S1*qd)]；T represents perdurabgility of once pouring water；SeFor
Water dropper spacing；S1For hollow billet spacing；qdFor designed discharge of dripper；Perdurabgility of once pouring water is calculated for 15 hours；
4. number of rotational irrigation group mesh：According to formula N≤CT/t；N represents the rotation flow quantity maximum allowed；C prolongs to pour water within one day
The continuous time；T is the watering period；T is disposably to pour water perdurabgility；It is 6 to calculate number of rotational irrigation group mesh；
(5) topdress：In addition to base fertilizer, the fertilising of grape breeding time relies on drip irrigation equipment to carry out water-fertilizer integral and irrigated with chasing after
Apply, altogether apply fertilizer 4 times, 1 time is imposed after grape restocking, bloom before impose 1 time, the flowering fruit phase impose 1 time, in undercarriage soil burial winter protection
Impose before 1 time；I.e. after grape restocking, compare nitrogenous fertilizer according to weight：Phosphate fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=2:2:The mixing of 1 ratio is imposed；Chased after before blooming
Fertilising expects that each raw material weight number is：45 parts of urea, 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1.1 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.2 parts of active boron, ferrous sulfate
0.5 part, 0.5 part of arasaponin, 0.2 part of potassium decomposing bacteria agent, 40 parts of chitosan glacial acetic acid solution, 1 part of ascorbic acid；Flowering fruit
Phase imposes each raw material weight number of fertilizer：12 parts of urea phosphate, 50 parts of calcareous fertilisers, 60 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 parts of fertiliser containing magnesium, poly-aspartic-acid
10 parts, 25 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate saline solution, 15 parts of EDTA chelated irons；Each raw material weight of fertilizer is imposed before undercarriage soil burial winter protection
Number is：80 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, 25 parts fresh of straw pulp, 12 parts of fresh lime juice, 6 parts of acrylic acid-acrylamide, amino acid
15 parts of fertilizer, 14 parts of alkanoic acid .5 parts of laurate, by 100 parts of first grid algae decay agent.
Embodiment 3
The drip irrigation method of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, is comprised the following steps：
(1) grape is transplanted：Grape north-south be colonized in field planting ditch in, seeding row spacing be set to 2.2 meters × 0.8 meter, grape trellis
For single hedge frame, high 1.3m, positioned at vine north, concrete column, field planting row distance column 50cm is found along grape row every 5.5m；
(2) drip irrigation zone is laid：Biobelt laying method is selected in drip irrigation zone, i.e. two drip irrigation zones of often row laying, and one is placed in field planting
In owner of a trading company or a workshop side, the field planting ditch to the north of column at 40cm；Another is laid under grape trellis, in the shallow slot on the south column at 40cm,
A hollow billet is arranged in two drip irrigation zones at a distance of 80cm, often row grape, and hollow billet arranges that hollow billet spacing is perpendicular to attached pipe and branch pipe
2.20 meters, 0.4 meter of water dropper spacing, design work head is 8 meters, and designed discharge of dripper is 2L/h；
(3) grape watering period：1 time after grape restocking, bloom first 1 time, the flowering fruit phase 1 time, containing the Guan Kaidun that applies fertilizer to the subsoil
Water 1 time, 1 time before undercarriage soil burial winter protection；Breeding time soil moisture content bound control threshold range is maintained at 25% θ f-
18% θ f；
(4) quota is irrigated：The drip irrigation system of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, grows and sends out with reference to red grape
Situation is educated, precision irrigation is carried out；
1. irrigating water quota amount：According to formula mmax=0.001 γ zp (θ max- θ min)；Wherein m is design water irrigating depth；
γ is soil dry bulk density；θ max are the soil moisture content upper limit；θ min are soil moisture content lower limit；Z is the depth of plan wetting layer；
P is that soil soaks ratio；Calculate the irrigation quantity about 330m in vineyard3/hm2；
2. watering period:According to formula T=(m/Ta)η；T is irrigation frequency；TaFor the moisturizing intensity of setting；M is setting
Irrigation norm amount；η Water application rates；The watering period is calculated for 8.2 days, it is 5 days to take the watering period, and water is needed as vineyard
Watering period during peak period；
3. once pour water perdurabgility：According to formula t=m [Se/(S1*qd)]；T represents perdurabgility of once pouring water；SeFor
Water dropper spacing；S1For hollow billet spacing；qdFor designed discharge of dripper；Perdurabgility of once pouring water is calculated for 15 hours；
4. number of rotational irrigation group mesh：According to formula N≤CT/t；N represents the rotation flow quantity maximum allowed；C prolongs to pour water within one day
The continuous time；T is the watering period；T is disposably to pour water perdurabgility；It is 6 to calculate number of rotational irrigation group mesh；
(5) topdress：In addition to base fertilizer, the fertilising of grape breeding time relies on drip irrigation equipment to carry out water-fertilizer integral and irrigated with chasing after
Apply, altogether apply fertilizer 4 times, 1 time is imposed after grape restocking, bloom before impose 1 time, the flowering fruit phase impose 1 time, in undercarriage soil burial winter protection
Impose before 1 time；I.e. after grape restocking, compare nitrogenous fertilizer according to weight：Phosphate fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=2:2:The mixing of 1 ratio is imposed；Chased after before blooming
Fertilising expects that each raw material weight number is：42 parts of urea, 32 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1.0 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.1 parts of active boron, ferrous sulfate
0.4 part, 0.45 part of arasaponin, 0.15 part of potassium decomposing bacteria agent, 30 parts of chitosan glacial acetic acid solution, 0.8 part of ascorbic acid；Bloom
Setting phase imposes each raw material weight number of fertilizer：11 parts of urea phosphate, 30 parts of calcareous fertilisers, 45 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 3.5 parts of fertiliser containing magnesium, poly- Tianmen
7 parts of winter propylhomoserin, 20 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate saline solution, 14 parts of EDTA chelated irons；Each original of fertilizer is imposed before undercarriage soil burial winter protection
Expect that parts by weight are：60 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, 20 parts fresh of straw pulp, 11 parts of fresh lime juice, 4 parts of acrylic acid-acrylamide,
12 parts of amino acid fertilizer, 12 parts of alkanoic acid, 0.3 part of laurate, by 90 parts of first grid algae decay agent.
Claims (6)
1. the drip irrigation system of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, it is characterised in that including：Central control host, storage
Water controller, mixing control device, drip irrigation emitter, quota irrigation controller and temperature controller；Described central control host output
End is connected with described drip irrigation emitter, and described central control host input is irrigated with retaining controller, mixing control device, quota
Controller is connected and temperature controller；Described retaining controller also includes：Water supply module, filtering module；Described water supply mould
Block is connected with filtering module by central processing module；Described water supply module terminal connects with the first supply-water pump and the second fertilizer pump
Connect；The first described supply-water pump is connected with fishpond effluent storage pond；Second fertilizer pump is connected with liquid manure storage pool；Described filtering
Modular terminal is connected with automatic filtering unit；Described quota irrigation controller includes：Irrigation water capacity data processing module, filling
Cycle data processing module, irrigation water perdurabgility data processing module and number of rotational irrigation group are irrigate according to processing module；Described drop
Filling device includes：Irrigate data interface module, central processing module, drive module；Described temperature and humidity controller includes：Temperature is passed
Sensor, humidity sensor；Described temperature and humidity controller terminal is provided with humiture monitoring device.
2. waste water quota in utilization fishpond according to claim 1 irrigates the drip irrigation system of red grape, it is characterised in that institute
The drive module terminal stated is drip irrigation equipment.
3. waste water quota in utilization fishpond according to claim 2 irrigates the drip irrigation system of red grape, it is characterised in that institute
The drip irrigation equipment said is followed successively by：Water dropper presser sensor control valve, drop speed on 3rd supply-water pump, main, branch pipe and hollow billet are certainly
Dynamic control valve and hydraulic inductor；Described presser sensor control valve is arranged on the initiating terminal of main；The described automatic control of drop speed
Valve processed is arranged on water dropper end；Described hydraulic inductor is arranged on stage casing in branch pipe, and in one siren of external connection；Institute
The main stated and branch pipe junction set microfiltration membranes.
4. waste water quota in utilization fishpond according to claim 1 irrigates the drip irrigation system of red grape, it is characterised in that institute
The mixing control device terminal stated is agitating device.
5. waste water quota in utilization fishpond according to claim 1 irrigates the drip irrigation system of red grape, it is characterised in that institute
The central processing module stated includes：Maincenter answers hydraulic pressure sensor module, maincenter to answer pipe pressure sensor module and GPRS wireless data sendings
Module.
6. the drip irrigation method of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) grape is transplanted：Grape north-south is colonized in field planting ditch, and seeding row spacing is set to 2.2 meters × 0.8 meter, and grape trellis is single
Hedge frame, high 1.2-1.5m, positioned at vine north, concrete column, field planting row distance column 50cm is found along grape row every 5-6m；
(2) drip irrigation zone is laid：Biobelt laying method is selected in drip irrigation zone, i.e. two drip irrigation zones of often row laying, and one is placed in the field planting owner of a trading company or a workshop
In side, the field planting ditch to the north of column at 40cm；Another is laid under grape trellis, in the shallow slot on the south column at 40cm, two
A hollow billet is arranged in drip irrigation zone at a distance of 80cm, often row grape, and hollow billet arranges that hollow billet spacing is 2.20 perpendicular to attached pipe and branch pipe
Rice, 0.4 meter of water dropper spacing, design work head is 8 meters, and designed discharge of dripper is 2L/h；
(3) grape watering period：1 time after grape restocking, bloom first 1 time, the flowering fruit phase 1 time, containing the filling that applies fertilizer to the subsoil open pier water 1
It is secondary, 1 time before undercarriage soil burial winter protection；Breeding time soil moisture content bound control threshold range is maintained at 25% θ f-18% θ
f；
(4) quota is irrigated：The drip irrigation system of red grape is irrigated using fishpond waste water quota, is grown feelings with reference to red grape
Condition, carries out precision irrigation；
1. irrigating water quota amount：According to formula mmax=0.001 γ zp (θ max- θ min)；Wherein m is design water irrigating depth；γ is
Soil dry bulk density；θ max are the soil moisture content upper limit；θ min are soil moisture content lower limit；Z is the depth of plan wetting layer；P is
Soil wetting ratio；Calculate the irrigation quantity about 330m in vineyard3/hm2；
2. watering period:According to formula T=(m/Ta)η；T is irrigation frequency；TaFor the moisturizing intensity of setting；M is the irrigation of setting
Quota is measured；η Water application rates；The watering period is calculated for 8.2 days, it is 5 days to take the watering period, is used as vineyard Xu Shui peaks
The watering period during phase；
3. once pour water perdurabgility：According to formula t=m [Se/(S1*qd)]；T represents perdurabgility of once pouring water；SeFor water dropper
Spacing；S1For hollow billet spacing；qdFor designed discharge of dripper；Perdurabgility of once pouring water is calculated for 15 hours；
4. number of rotational irrigation group mesh：According to formula N≤CT/t；N represents the rotation flow quantity maximum allowed；When C continues to pour water within one day
Between；T is the watering period；T is disposably to pour water perdurabgility；It is 6 to calculate number of rotational irrigation group mesh；
(5) topdress：In addition to base fertilizer, the fertilising of grape breeding time relies on drip irrigation equipment to carry out water-fertilizer integral and irrigates and impose, altogether
Fertilising 4 times, 1 time is imposed after grape restocking, bloom before impose 1 time, the flowering fruit phase impose 1 time, before undercarriage soil burial winter protection
Impose 1 time；I.e. after grape restocking, compare nitrogenous fertilizer according to weight：Phosphate fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=2:2:The mixing of 1 ratio is imposed；Dressing fertilizer before blooming
Expect that each raw material weight number is：40~45 parts of urea, 30~35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 0.9~1.1 part of zinc sulfate, active boron 1.0~
1.2 parts, 0.3~0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3-0.5 parts of arasaponin, 0.1~0.2 part of potassium decomposing bacteria agent, chitosan glacial acetic acid
20~40 parts of solution, 0.5~1 part of ascorbic acid；The flowering fruit phase imposes each raw material weight number of fertilizer：Urea phosphate 6~12
Part, 10~50 parts of calcareous fertilisers, 15~60 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 1~5 part of fertiliser containing magnesium, 5~10 parts of poly-aspartic-acid, potassium hydrogen phosphate saline solution
10~25 parts, 12~15 parts of EDTA chelated irons；Each raw material weight number of fertilizer is imposed before undercarriage soil burial winter protection is：It is biochemical yellow
Rotten 40~80 parts of acid, 15~25 parts fresh of straw pulp, 10~12 parts of fresh lime juice, 1~6 part of acrylic acid-acrylamide, amino
Sour 10~15 parts of fertilizer, 10~14 parts of alkanoic acid, 0.1~0.5 part of laurate, by 75~100 parts of first grid algae decay agent.
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