CN110420311A - 一种哮喘灸及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- CN110420311A CN110420311A CN201910825289.3A CN201910825289A CN110420311A CN 110420311 A CN110420311 A CN 110420311A CN 201910825289 A CN201910825289 A CN 201910825289A CN 110420311 A CN110420311 A CN 110420311A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种哮喘灸及其制备方法,包括发热袋和药膏贴,所述药膏贴包括药膏袋和药膏体,所述药膏体以重量份计包括有以下组分:白芥子10‑15份,细辛10‑15份,生姜汁10‑15份,甘遂20‑25份,延胡10‑14份,艾叶5‑10份,毛冬青4‑6份,鹿衔草4‑6份,甘油20‑40份,水5‑10份。发热袋使患处局部升温,毛细血管扩张,加快血液循环及组织新陈代谢,使不能呼吸的症状得到缓解;应用耦合剂,使能量高效均匀地被皮肤及组织吸收,具有耦合、传导、渗透的作用;作用于皮肤及皮下组织,使细胞中分子运动加剧,新陈代谢加快,修复受损组织;本方案中药膏袋抑制血管收缩,缓解哮喘症状。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及哮喘灸技术领域,尤其涉及一种哮喘灸及其制备方法。
背景技术
哮喘是支气管哮喘的简称。支气管哮喘是由多种细胞(如嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、气道上皮细胞等)和细胞组分参与气道慢性炎症性疾患。这种慢性炎症导致气道高反应性的产生,通常出现广泛多变的可逆性气流受限,并引起反复发作的喘息、气急、胸闷或咳嗽等症状,常在夜间和(或)凌晨发作、多数患者可自行缓解或经治疗缓解。
典型的支气管哮喘出现反复发作的胸闷、气喘、及呼吸困难、咳嗽等症状。在发作前常有鼻塞、打喷嚏、眼痒等先兆症状,发作严重者可短时间内出现严重呼吸困难、低氧血症。有时咳嗽为惟一症状(咳嗽变异型哮喘)。在夜间或凌晨发作和加重是哮喘的特征之一。哮喘症状可在数分钟内发作。有些症状轻重可自行缓解,但大部分需积极处理。
本病以扩张支气管和抗炎药物治疗为主。根据其作用机制可分为具有扩张支气管作用和抗炎作用两大类,某些药物兼有扩张支气管和抗炎作用。其中扩张支气管药物:茶碱类。抗炎药物:糖皮质激素、白三烯调节剂、色甘酸钠和尼多酸钠、抗组胺药物。
长期治疗哮喘的方案一般为控制药物、缓解药物和控制分级,控制药物称为维持治疗药物,指需要长期每天使用的药物,这些药物主要通过抗炎作用使哮喘达到并维持临床控制。缓解药物或称为急救药物,指按需要使用药物,这些药物通过迅速解除起到痉挛从而缓解哮喘症状。
其中支气管哮喘是一种慢性病,长期服用控制药物、缓解药物等西药,不是长久之计,中医灸法如常用的艾条温热灸对慢性哮喘有较好的疗效,但是艾条温热灸使用的艾条,是采用艾叶制成,艾叶气味浓烈刺激性大,且药性燥热,对哮喘病不是太合适的药物选择。进而一种温和,且疗效更稳定的哮喘灸尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中的问题,而提出的一种哮喘灸及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
一种哮喘灸,包括发热袋和药膏贴,所述药膏贴包括药膏袋和药膏体,所述药膏体以重量份计包括有以下组分:白芥子10-15份,细辛10-15份,生姜汁10-15份,甘遂20-25份,延胡10-14份,艾叶5-10份,毛冬青4-6份,鹿衔草4-6份,甘油20-40份,水5-10份。
优选的,所述发热袋包括料袋和发热剂,所述发热剂以重量份计包括有以下组分铁粉40-80份,凝水胶体10-30份,辅助分散剂4-10份,催化剂10-20份,耦合剂5-10份。
优选的,所述凝水胶体以重量份计包括有以下组分:高分子吸水树脂1-2份,盐2-4份,水10-20份。
优选的,所述高分子吸水树脂为聚丙烯酸系吸水树脂或PVA树脂。
优选的,所述催化剂为碳化合物,所述辅助分散剂为蛭石、木屑、漂珠和硅藻土中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述耦合剂以重量份计包括有以下组分:丙二醇1-2份,凡士林10-30份,单甘酯10-20份,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮0.5-1份,羊毛脂10-15份。
优选的,所述发热袋和药膏贴相互粘黏;所述药膏袋和料袋均由两层薄布缝制而成,其中一层由淋膜无纺布构成,另一层由透气薄膜构成;所述料袋由淋膜无纺布构成的一面与药膏袋由淋膜无纺布构成一面相互粘合;所述药膏袋由透气薄膜构成的一面设置压敏胶,并配置离型纸,所述料带由透气薄膜构成的一面四周边缘设有压敏胶,并配置有离型纸。
优选的,哮喘灸的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)药膏贴的制备:
A.预处理原料:将毛冬青和鹿衔草经水蒸气蒸馏提取得到挥发油备用,将白芥子,细辛,生姜汁,甘遂,延胡和艾叶分别粉碎成细粉状,进行灭菌,然后将药材粉末混合均匀,形成混合药粉;
B.将生姜汁、甘油和水加热后混匀,加入步骤A中制得的药粉,得到膏糊状混合物;
C.将步骤B得到的膏糊状混合物进行涂膏,分切,横切得药膏体;
D.将步骤C制得的药膏体放入药膏袋中,制得药膏贴;
2)发热袋的制备:
A.按配比称取高分子吸水树脂、盐和水,混合均匀后制得凝水胶体;
B.按配比称取丙二醇、凡士林、单甘酯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和羊毛脂,混合均匀后制得耦合剂;
C.按配比称取铁粉、凝水胶体、辅助分散剂、催化剂和耦合剂,混合均匀后制得发热剂;
D.将步骤C中制得的发热剂放入料带中密封,制得发热袋;
3)将步骤1)制得的药膏贴和步骤2)制得的发热袋相互粘合,制得哮喘灸。
优选的,步骤1)中生姜汁、甘油和水加热后的温度为30-40℃。
优选的,步骤1)中粉碎粒度为80-120目。
白芥子味辛,性温,无毒,入肺、胃经。利气豁痰,温中散寒,通络止痛。治痰饮咳喘,胸胁胀满疼痛,反胃呕吐,中风不语,肢体痹痛麻木,脚气,阴疽,肿毒,跌打肿痛。
细辛辛温,入肺、肾经,散风祛寒,通窍止痛,下气祛痰。主治:风寒感冒、鼻塞头痛、风寒湿痹、气逆痰多喘咳,牙痛。
甘遂苦寒,有毒。归经:入肾、肺、大肠经。功能:泻水遂肿,消肿散结。主治:水肿胀满,痰饮积聚。
延胡性味:辛、苦、温。归经:入心包、肝、脾、肺经。功能:活血、理气、止痛。主治:气滞血瘀之诸痛,胃脘痛、胸胁痛,腹痛,痛经,疝痛等症。
艾叶性味:辛、苦、温。归经:入肝、脾、肾经。功能:散寒温,理气血,暖子宫,止血。主治腹中冷痛,经寒不调,宫冷不孕,吐血衄血,崩漏带下。
毛冬青性味微苦甘,性平,无毒。清凉解毒,凉血散毒。治喉头水肿,咽喉炎症,暑季外感热症,皮肤急性化脓性炎症。
鹿衔草性温平,味辛。治筋骨疼痛,痰炎之症。治虚弱痨病,咳嗽,白带。祛风除湿,止惊悸,盗汗。补肾壮阳,调经活血,收敛止血。
值得注意的是,从中药角度分析,虽然中医灸法如常用的敷贴法天灸、艾条温热灸对慢性哮喘有较好的疗效,但敷贴灸使用的麻黄、白芥子、细辛等药物刺激性较大,常常引起皮损,尤其对儿童来说不好接受,艾条温热灸使用的艾条,是采用艾叶制成,艾叶气味浓烈刺激性大,且药性燥热,对哮喘病不是太合适的药物选择。所以本方案选用按君、臣、左、使组方,白芥子、细辛共为君药,甘遂、延胡共为臣药,毛冬青、鹿衔草为佐药。艾叶为使药。全方配伍具有熄风定喘止哮的功效。毛冬青性平,药效温和,缓解君药的刺激性作用,且不影响其缓解哮喘症状的药效。
从中药的化学有益成分来分析,白芥子含白芥子甙、芥子碱、芥子酶、脂肪、蛋白质及粘液质。白芥子甙经芥子酶水解,产生异硫氰酸对羟基苄酯(白芥子油),酸性硫酸芥子碱及葡萄糖。酸性硫酸芥子碱经碱性水解可生成芥子酸和胆碱。白芥子油有降低心率、散肿止痛,治喘嗽反胃;细辛全草含黄酮甙、氨基酸、糖类和挥发油。黄酮甙具降压、抗菌以及调节血液渗透压的作用;甘遂根含三萜类化合物,大戟酮、大戟二烯醇、表大戟二烯醇;三萜类化合物对减弱哮喘时血管收缩作用。延胡从延胡索的块茎中共提出生物碱10余种,其中经鉴定的有紫堇碱、原阿片碱等。生物碱和茶碱有类似功效,现有技术中茶碱通常为西药制剂,但是本方案将其运用于中药灸,具有一定的创新性,且成本低廉,效果显著。
毛冬青根含有效成分为黄酮甙。还含酚类、甾醇、鞣质、三萜、氨基酸、糖类等。毛冬青和细辛协同作用可以进一步加强黄酮甙调解血液渗透压进而缓解哮喘时血管收缩,缓轻哮喘症状。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种哮喘灸及其制备方法,具备以下有益效果:
该哮喘灸,在配方中添加有毛冬青和鹿衔草,毛冬青中的黄酮甙协同细辛中的黄酮甙共同作用缓解哮喘患者血管的收缩,缓解哮喘症状;同时毛冬青和鹿衔草作为一种佐药,在协同君药起治疗哮喘作用的同时,其性味较为温和,缓解君药及臣药的刺激性,且不影响其治疗哮喘的疗效,从而使其具有清热、祛湿、排毒、治好咳喘、气憋、胸闷、咳嗽、具有消炎、止咳、平喘、增强气管免疫的功效。
该哮喘灸制备过程中,发热剂中添加有耦合剂,耦合剂通常在医用检查中的涂膜剂或是药膏中有添加,本方案将其创造性添加在凝胶类发热剂,耦合剂具有耦合、传导、渗透的作用,使产品与皮肤接触更紧密,从而使能量高效均匀地被皮肤及组织吸收,达到耦合、传导、渗透的增效作用,加速了治疗的速度,起效快,克服了市场上贴剂普遍采用传统工艺及简单的皮肤渗透吸收原理的不足,达到了哮喘治疗效果的领先水平,对提高传统贴剂产业的高科技含量及经济社会效益有重要意义。
发热袋使患处局部升温,毛细血管扩张,加快血液循环及组织新陈代谢,使不能呼吸的症状得到缓解;应用耦合剂,使能量高效均匀地被皮肤及组织吸收,具有耦合、传导、渗透的作用;作用于皮肤及皮下组织,使细胞中分子运动加剧,新陈代谢加快,修复受损组织;本方案中药膏袋抑制血管收缩,缓解哮喘症状。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1:
一种哮喘灸及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)药膏贴的制备:
A.预处理原料:将4份毛冬青和4份鹿衔草经水蒸气蒸馏提取挥发油备用,10份白芥子,10份细辛,20份甘遂,10份延胡和5份艾叶分别粉碎成细粉状,进行灭菌,然后将药材粉末混合均匀,形成混合药粉;
B.将10份生姜汁、20份甘油和5份水加热后混匀,加入步骤A中制得的药粉,得到膏糊状混合物;
C.将步骤B得到的膏糊状混合物进行涂膏,分切,横切得药膏体;
D.将步骤C制得的药膏体放入药膏袋中,制得药膏贴;
2)发热袋的制备:
A.按配比称取1份高分子吸水树脂、2份盐和10份水,混合均匀后制得凝水胶体;
B.按配比称取1份丙二醇、10份凡士林、10份单甘酯、0.5份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和10份羊毛脂,混合均匀后制得耦合剂;
C.按配比称取40份铁粉、10份凝水胶体、10辅助分散剂、10份催化剂和5份耦合剂,混合均匀后制得发热剂;
D.将步骤C中制得的发热剂放入料带中密封,制得发热袋;
3)将步骤1)制得的药膏贴和步骤2)制得的发热袋相互粘合,制得哮喘灸。
实施例2:
一种哮喘灸及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)药膏贴的制备:
A.预处理原料:将6份毛冬青和6份鹿衔草经水蒸气蒸馏提取挥发油备用,15份白芥子,15份细辛,25份甘遂,14份延胡和10份艾叶分别粉碎成细粉状,进行灭菌,然后将药材粉末混合均匀,形成混合药粉;
B.将15份生姜汁、40份甘油和10份水加热后混匀,加入步骤A中制得的药粉,得到膏糊状混合物;
C.将步骤B得到的膏糊状混合物进行涂膏,分切,横切得药膏体;
D.将步骤C制得的药膏体放入药膏袋中,制得药膏贴;
2)发热袋的制备:
A.按配比称取2份高分子吸水树脂、4份盐和20份水,混合均匀后制得凝水胶体;
B.按配比称取2份丙二醇、30份凡士林、20份单甘酯、1份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和15份羊毛脂,混合均匀后制得耦合剂;
C.按配比称取80份铁粉、30份凝水胶体、30辅助分散剂、20份催化剂和10份耦合剂,混合均匀后制得发热剂;
D.将步骤C中制得的发热剂放入料带中密封,制得发热袋;
3)将步骤1)制得的药膏贴和步骤2)制得的发热袋相互粘合,制得哮喘灸。
实施例3:
一种哮喘灸及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)药膏贴的制备:
A.预处理原料:将5份毛冬青和5份鹿衔草经水蒸气蒸馏提取挥发油备用,12.5份白芥子,12.5份细辛,22.5份甘遂,12份延胡和7.5份艾叶分别粉碎成细粉状,进行灭菌,然后将药材粉末混合均匀,形成混合药粉;
B.将12.5份生姜汁、30份甘油和7.5份水加热后混匀,加入步骤A中制得的药粉,得到膏糊状混合物;
C.将步骤B得到的膏糊状混合物进行涂膏,分切,横切得药膏体;
D.将步骤C制得的药膏体放入药膏袋中,制得药膏贴;
2)发热袋的制备:
A.按配比称取1.5份高分子吸水树脂、3份盐和15份水,混合均匀后制得凝水胶体;
B.按配比称取1.5份丙二醇、20份凡士林、15份单甘酯、0.75份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和12.5份羊毛脂,混合均匀后制得耦合剂;
C.按配比称取60份铁粉、20份凝水胶体、20辅助分散剂、15份催化剂和7.5份耦合剂,混合均匀后制得发热剂;
D.将步骤C中制得的发热剂放入料带中密封,制得发热袋;
3)将步骤1)制得的药膏贴和步骤2)制得的发热袋相互粘合,制得哮喘灸。
实施例4:
一种哮喘灸及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)药膏贴的制备:
A.预处理原料:将4份毛冬青和5份鹿衔草经水蒸气蒸馏提取挥发油备用,11份白芥子,12份细辛,22份甘遂,11份延胡和6份艾叶分别粉碎成细粉状,进行灭菌,然后将药材粉末混合均匀,形成混合药粉;
B.将12份生姜汁、23份甘油和6份水加热后混匀,加入步骤A中制得的药粉,得到膏糊状混合物;
C.将步骤B得到的膏糊状混合物进行涂膏,分切,横切得药膏体;
D.将步骤C制得的药膏体放入药膏袋中,制得药膏贴;
2)发热袋的制备:
A.按配比称取1.2份高分子吸水树脂、2.3份盐和12份水,混合均匀后制得凝水胶体;
B.按配比称取1.2份丙二醇、15份凡士林、12份单甘酯、0.7份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和12份羊毛脂,混合均匀后制得耦合剂;
C.按配比称取50份铁粉、16份凝水胶体、15份辅助分散剂、13份催化剂和6份耦合剂,混合均匀后制得发热剂;
D.将步骤C中制得的发热剂放入料带中密封,制得发热袋;
3)将步骤1)制得的药膏贴和步骤2)制得的发热袋相互粘合,制得哮喘灸。
实施例5:
一种哮喘灸及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)药膏贴的制备:
A.预处理原料:将5.5份毛冬青和5.4份鹿衔草经水蒸气蒸馏提取挥发油备用,14份白芥子,14份细辛,23份甘遂,13份延胡和8份艾叶分别粉碎成细粉状,进行灭菌,然后将药材粉末混合均匀,形成混合药粉;
B.将14份生姜汁、35份甘油和8份水加热后混匀,加入步骤A中制得的药粉,得到膏糊状混合物;
C.将步骤B得到的膏糊状混合物进行涂膏,分切,横切得药膏体;
D.将步骤C制得的药膏体放入药膏袋中,制得药膏贴;
2)发热袋的制备:
A.按配比称取1.8份高分子吸水树脂、3.5份盐和18份水,混合均匀后制得凝水胶体;
B.按配比称取1.7份丙二醇27份凡士林、18份单甘酯、0.8份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和13份羊毛脂,混合均匀后制得耦合剂;
C.按配比称取70份铁粉、25份凝水胶体、25份辅助分散剂、17份催化剂和9份耦合剂,混合均匀后制得发热剂;
D.将步骤C中制得的发热剂放入料带中密封,制得发热袋;
3)将步骤1)制得的药膏贴和步骤2)制得的发热袋相互粘合,制得哮喘灸。
对比例1:
一种哮喘灸及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)药膏贴的制备:
A.预处理原料:14份白芥子,14份细辛,23份甘遂,13份延胡和8份艾叶分别粉碎成细粉状,进行灭菌,然后将药材粉末混合均匀,形成混合药粉;
B.将14份生姜汁、35份甘油和8份水加热后混匀,加入步骤A中制得的药粉,得到膏糊状混合物;
C.将步骤B得到的膏糊状混合物进行涂膏,分切,横切得药膏体;
D.将步骤C制得的药膏体放入药膏袋中,制得药膏贴;
2)发热袋的制备:
A.按配比称取1.8份高分子吸水树脂、3.5份盐和18份水,混合均匀后制得凝水胶体;
B.按配比称取70份铁粉、25份凝水胶体、25份辅助分散剂和17份催化剂,混合均匀后制得发热剂;
C.将步骤B中制得的发热剂放入料带中密封,制得发热袋;
3)将步骤1)制得的药膏贴和步骤2)制得的发热袋相互粘合,制得哮喘灸。
对上述实施1-5,和对比例1的制备后的哮喘灸进行试验测试,测试对象为6组有长期哮喘症状的病友,测试步骤为6名病友分别使用六种不同制作方法制作的哮喘灸,测试结果如下表1:
表1
参照上述实施例1-5和表1中的实验数据可以得出,A、B、C和D分别代表病症的缓解程度,将毛冬青和鹿衔草添加于哮喘灸中协同作用缓解哮喘患者血管的收缩,具有清热、祛湿、排毒、治好咳喘、气憋、胸闷、咳嗽、具有消炎、止咳、平喘、增强气管免疫的功效,在。对咳喘、胸闷、气憋和咳嗽等症状相较于对比例1有明显的疗效。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种哮喘灸,其特征在于,包括发热袋和药膏贴,所述药膏贴包括药膏袋和药膏体,所述药膏体以重量份计包括有以下组分:白芥子10-15份,细辛10-15份,生姜汁10-15份,甘遂20-25份,延胡10-14份,艾叶5-10份,毛冬青4-6份,鹿衔草4-6份,甘油20-40份,水5-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种哮喘灸,其特征在于,所述发热袋包括料袋和发热剂,所述发热剂以重量份计包括有以下组分铁粉40-80份,凝水胶体10-30份,辅助分散剂4-10份,催化剂10-20份,耦合剂5-10份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种哮喘灸,其特征在于,所述凝水胶体以重量份计包括有以下组分:高分子吸水树脂1-2份,盐2-4份,水10-20份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种哮喘灸,其特征在于,所述高分子吸水树脂为聚丙烯酸系吸水树脂或PVA树脂。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种哮喘灸,其特征在于,所述催化剂为碳化合物,所述辅助分散剂为蛭石、木屑、漂珠和硅藻土中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种哮喘灸,其特征在于,所述耦合剂以重量份计包括有以下组分:丙二醇1-2份,凡士林10-30份,单甘酯10-20份,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮0.5-1份,羊毛脂10-15份。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种哮喘灸,其特征在于,所述发热袋和药膏贴相互粘黏;所述药膏袋和料袋均由两层薄布缝制而成,其中一层由淋膜无纺布构成,另一层由透气薄膜构成;所述料袋由淋膜无纺布构成的一面与药膏袋由淋膜无纺布构成一面相互粘合;所述药膏袋由透气薄膜构成的一面设置压敏胶,并配置离型纸,所述料带由透气薄膜构成的一面四周边缘设有压敏胶,并配置有离型纸。
8.根据权利要求1-7所述的一种哮喘灸的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)药膏贴的制备:
A.预处理原料:将毛冬青和鹿衔草经水蒸气蒸馏提取得到挥发油备用,将白芥子,细辛,生姜汁,甘遂,延胡和艾叶分别粉碎成细粉状,进行灭菌,然后将药材粉末混合均匀,形成混合药粉;
B.将生姜汁、甘油和水加热后混匀,加入步骤A中制得的药粉,得到膏糊状混合物;
C.将步骤B得到的膏糊状混合物进行涂膏,分切,横切得药膏体;
D.将步骤C制得的药膏体放入药膏袋中,制得药膏贴;
2)发热袋的制备:
A.按配比称取高分子吸水树脂、盐和水,混合均匀后制得凝水胶体;
B.按配比称取丙二醇、凡士林、单甘酯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和羊毛脂,混合均匀后制得耦合剂;
C.按配比称取铁粉、凝水胶体、辅助分散剂、催化剂和耦合剂,混合均匀后制得发热剂;
D.将步骤C中制得的发热剂放入料带中密封,制得发热袋;
3)将步骤1)制得的药膏贴和步骤2)制得的发热袋相互粘合,制得哮喘灸。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种哮喘灸的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中生姜汁、甘油和水加热后的温度为30-40℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种哮喘灸的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中粉碎粒度为80-120目。
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