CN110419375A - Make water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet - Google Patents
Make water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet Download PDFInfo
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- CN110419375A CN110419375A CN201910801901.3A CN201910801901A CN110419375A CN 110419375 A CN110419375 A CN 110419375A CN 201910801901 A CN201910801901 A CN 201910801901A CN 110419375 A CN110419375 A CN 110419375A
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- millet
- fibert
- production method
- saving production
- young growth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses make water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet, it contains step: 1) being laid with anti-careless film in fibert woods first, carry out under-film drip irrigation, 2) in several years before fibert result, every year in 6-7 month hayashishita kind millet, 3) after millet harvest, annual ryegrass is sowed October, and herbicide is used in combination, for preventing and treating the strong competitive weeds such as Chenopodium album, wormwood artemisia that local early spring is easily sent out.Plantation rye grass is can also to be prevented and kill off by herbicide by the growth of the malignant weeds such as crop competition compacting Chenopodium album even if there is fraction weed growth, because there is blocking for rye grass, can substantially reduce drift to the dose of fibert, not will cause and significantly affect.By the rye millet crop rotation of many years, the malignant weeds quantity such as Chenopodium album can be greatly reduced, and the grass seeds of hayashishita be mostly the lower weeds of plant height and fibert competition it is smaller, thus eco-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water-saving planting field, makees water-saving production method between espespecially a kind of fibert young growth millet.
Background technique
Due to fibert have the characteristics that drought resisting it is resistance to it is lean, pest and disease damage is few, the light letter of management, full of nutrition, started at present gradually
Expand cultivated area, country's cultivated area is at 750,000 mu or so now, and filbert occupancy volume just corresponds to Europe country per capita
1%, supply falls short of demand for product, thus wide market.The base in present Hebei plants flat Europe and hybridizes more than 1000 mu of fibert, is river
The region of no relief Bei Sheng maximum mechanization fibert garden, the variety managements are simple, do not have to fruit thinning, bagging, substantially without training, are suitble to agriculture
Village " 3860 " crowd, as a result, the 5 Nian Houda best fruiting periods after fibert 3 years.But lack North China Plain underground since Hebei Province belongs to
Hydraulic pressure exploiting field is the area of China's groundwater mining most serious, although and fibert has the resistance to lean characteristic of drought resisting, its plantation
When also need suitably to pour, thus several years before its result pour and can not see benefit, in order to further increase the short-term of its plantation
Benefit, inventor is intended to develop a kind of water-saving interplanting scheme, to make full use of water source under condition before the growth for not influencing fibert.
To realize the perfect combination of shot and long term benefit, and meet demand of the current country about agricultural structure adjustment and saving underground water.
However since in plantation, the weeding of millet field is always a problem, because seedling stage meets rainy season, careless Miao Tongchang, millet and grass family again
Weeds are difficult to differentiate, and especially pernicious Associated weeds setariafaberi, seedling stage form is difficult to distinguish with millet, and artificial weeding is very tired
Difficulty, it is time-consuming.Weeding not in time, causes farmland running to weeds, since seedling is waste, farmland running to weeds harm, the general underproduction 20 one 30%, or even total crop failure.
It thus usually requires to use herbicide, this certainly will will affect the growth of crop adjacent thereto, especially to common herbicide
Sensitive fibert woods, is fibert and the unavoidable problem of millet Interplanting technique.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, present invention is primarily aimed at provide and make water-saving producer between a kind of fibert young growth millet
Method, secondly a purpose be, provide it is a kind of can management of weeds growth, reduce the planting technology of Pesticide use, not only it is water-saving,
Section fertilizer, with the obvious advantage and technically simple, the management saving of labor for saving prescription face, and fibert growth of young plantations is not influenced.
Make water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet provided by the invention thus, contain step:
1) anti-careless film is laid in fibert woods first, carries out under-film drip irrigation,
2) in several years before fibert result, every year in 6-7 month hayashishita kind millet,
3) after millet harvest, annual ryegrass is sowed October, and herbicide is used in combination, for preventing and treating locality
The strong competitive weeds such as Chenopodium album, wormwood artemisia that early spring is easily sent out.
Plantation rye grass is the growth that the malignant weeds such as compacting Chenopodium album are competed by crop, even if there is fraction weeds raw
It is long, it can also be prevented and kill off by herbicide, because there is blocking for rye grass, dose of the drift to fibert, Bu Huizao can be substantially reduced
At significantly affecting.By the rye millet crop rotation of many years, the malignant weeds quantity such as Chenopodium album can be greatly reduced, and the grass seeds of hayashishita is more
Be the lower weeds of plant height and fibert competition it is smaller, thus eco-friendly.
Wherein, it is preferred that:
The young growth area that the fibert woods of interplanting millet allows to cultivate within need to selecting canopy density 0.3 hereinafter, being generally colonized 3 years,
It needs to be north and south row to line-spacing is not less than 5m, to match with seeder and harvesting machinery.
And in step 2), to carry out the autumn in the area Chun Gu turns over, and carries out rake a kind of farm tools soil moisture conservation in time when soil freezing-thawing is alternately,
The sowing of patch stubble or rotary-tillage suppressing, make prepartion of land after the area Er Xiagu crushes preceding stubble and weeds, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, make field without big soil
Block and dark clod, without biggish stubble, stubble, to sow.
In step 3), by repeatedly cradling control plant height after rye grass jointing, to reduce grass yield, extend greenery
Phase reduces influence of the hot dry wind to fibert.And after step 3), no-tillage seeding machine sowing millet just can be used in 6-7 month.
When preferably sowing millet, using precision planter, seed manure is same to be broadcast.It is application of phosphoric acid diammonium per acre when sowing
15kg, fertilizer are applied with sowing in 5~7cm of seed side-lower；Mu 0.3~0.5kg of sowing quantity, 40~50cm of line-spacing, for convenience of machine
Tool operation, line-spacing should be not less than 50cm, spacing in the rows 3cm or so, 5~60,000 plants/acre of conventional millet variety density of reserved seedlings, hybrid millet
Density of reserved seedlings is 3~40,000 plants/acre, and depth of planting 3cm or so is suppressed immediately after broadcasting, and comes into full contact with grain and soil.
It further, comprising intertillage, top dressing step, is made in paddy seedling 9-11 piece leaf or so in carrying out field management,
It takes advantage of rain or imposes 15~20kg/ mus of urea in conjunction with watering, subsequent cultivation and banking.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that technology is supported using hazel paddy intercropping mode, millet rain by above-mentioned technical proposal, and
It can greatly reduce the malignant weeds quantity such as Chenopodium album, water-saving, section fertilizer, section medicine advantage are bright further by rye millet crop rotation
Aobvious and technically simple, management saving of labor is expected to become the efficient industry of characteristic of a new promotion increasing peasant income, promotes " four agricultures
The stable development of industry ".
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is weeds in field situation photo when planting millet between being in fibert woods.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail.Following embodiment is for saying
The bright present invention, but be not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Under normal conditions, fibert be in plantation 3 years after as a result, and in the 5 Nian Houda best fruiting periods, the main object of the present invention is
Make millet between before before fibert result, to realize the perfect combination of shot and long term benefit.
The young growth area that the fibert woods of interplanting millet allows to cultivate within need to selecting canopy density 0.3 hereinafter, being generally colonized 3 years,
It needs to be north and south row to line-spacing is not less than 5m, to match with seeder and harvesting machinery.
The present embodiment is carried out in the base in Hebei, the technical solution used are as follows:
It is laid with anti-careless film in fibert woods, carries out under-film drip irrigation, in several years before its result, annual 6-7 month hayashishita
Kind millet, after millet harvests, October sows annual ryegrass, and herbicide is used in combination, easily sends out for preventing and treating local early spring
The strong competitive weeds such as Chenopodium album, wormwood artemisia reduce grass yield by repeatedly cradling control plant height after jointing, extend the greenery phase, subtract
Few influence of the hot dry wind to fibert.And can in month in coming year 6-7 again no-tillage seeding machine sow millet.
Why annual ryegrass is planted, when being because of millet is planted between during the experiment, having been found that annual, though
So done 2-3 weed eradication of rotary tillage in spring, but due to apart from the closer region of anti-careless film can not management of weeds, cause Chenopodium album raw
Long advantage (referring to the weeds state photo of Fig. 1), and if drift is spread across on fibert seedling using herbicide, the life to fibert seedling
Length is affected.Using technical solution of the present invention, after planting rye grass, the program can inherently be competed by crop and be pressed
The growth of the malignant weeds such as Chenopodium album processed can also be prevented and kill off even if there is fraction weed growth by herbicide, because there is rye grass
Block, drift can be substantially reduced to the dose of fibert, not will cause and significantly affect.Pass through rye millet crop rotation in 3 years, meeting
Greatly reduce the malignant weeds quantity such as Chenopodium album, and the grass seeds of hayashishita be mostly the lower weeds of plant height and fibert competition it is smaller, because
And eco-friendly.
The specific embodiment millet Cultural plan details is as follows:
1 seed preparation
1.1 variety selection
The mid-early maturity millet variety for being registered for and be suitable for local plantation is selected, such as weigh paddy No. 13 or weighing apparatus paddy No. 23, it is desirable that resistance to
Shade is good, anti-fall, disease-resistant, drought resisting, and large-scale planting should select the kind for being suitble to mechanized harvest, and seed is coated processing.
1.2 seed quality
The regulation in GB 4404.1 should be met.
2 site preparations
It is not less than 0.6m apart from forest when site preparation.
The sowing of patch stubble or rotary-tillage suppressing, make prepartion of land, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, field is without large clod after preceding stubble and weeds are crushed
It can be sowed with dark clod without biggish stubble, stubble.
3 sowings
Using precision planter, seed manure is same to be broadcast.Application of phosphoric acid diammonium 15kg per acre, fertilizer are applied with sowing in seed side-lower
5~7cm.Mu 0.3~0.5kg of sowing quantity, 40~50cm of line-spacing, for convenience of mechanically actuated, line-spacing should be not less than 50cm, spacing in the rows
3cm or so, 5~60,000 plants/acre of conventional millet variety density of reserved seedlings, hybrid millet density of reserved seedlings are 3~40,000 plants/acre, and sowing is deep
3cm or so is spent, is suppressed immediately after broadcasting, comes into full contact with grain and soil.
4 field management
4.1 weeding
For the millet variety of not antiweed, uniformly spray " Gu You " herbicide before broadcasting rear seedling, not drain spray, do not respray.
The use of " Gu You " is executed according to DB13/T1519, sandy loam lower bound.
And if using antiweed millet variety, matched herbicide may be used and carry out weeding, it is desirable that use
Herbicide does not have obvious phytotoxicity, such as sigh standing grain pyridine, dimethyl tetrachloride sodium to forest.
4.2 intertillages, top dressing
Paddy seedling 9-11 piece leaf or so takes advantage of rain or imposes 15~20kg/ mus of urea in conjunction with watering, subsequent cultivation and banking.Weeds compared with
Intertillage is primary before and after millet jointing when more.
4.3 the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
It is executed according to the relevant regulations in DB13/T 2457, it should be noted that selection does not have influential medicament to forest.
5 harvests and follow-up management
Grain discoloration is this kind solid colour pool, is harvested in time when seed is hardened, large area plot preferably uses combined harvester
Tool is harvested, and seed should be dried or be dried in time, and storage is put in storage after water content≤13%.
In the preset implementation, " weighing apparatus paddy No. 13 " millet of base plantation, is anti-the removing of dry farming institute, millet institute incubation
Careless agent kind, the kind seed brown bird pest is light, date of seeding wide in range energy rain is supported, whole mechanical less manpower.The institute of dry farming in recent years and public affairs
Department's deeply cooperation, has carried out system research to hazel paddy intercropping cultivation technology, and remarkable progress has been made, experiments verify that: fibert is only
Annual spring is needed to pour water 10 tons or so, millet rain can be supported completely.Wherein, 2017-2018 millet average yield per mu 410kg, price
2.7 yuan/kg, bamboo top farm is worked as in millet straw supply, per acre 100 yuan or so of income, and 1200 yuan of the gross output value or so, even 7
The middle of the month is just sowed, and per mu yield also reaches 328kg, considerable benefit；Currently, starting in Experimental Base part fibert as a result, after the best fruiting period
Per mu yield is up to 200kg or so, and 40 yuan of current market price or so, per mu yield value is up to 8000 yuan or so.
To sum up, it is with the obvious advantage that the present invention uses hazel paddy intercropping mode, millet rain support water-saving technology, section fertilizer, section medicine, technology
Simply, saving of labor is managed, is expected to become the efficient industry of characteristic of a new promotion increasing peasant income, promotes the steady of " four agriculturals "
Development.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, although referring to above-described embodiment pair
The present invention is described in detail, it should be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art that still can be to of the invention specific
Embodiment is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement,
It is intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. making water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet, which is characterized in that this method includes step:
1) anti-careless film is laid in fibert woods first, carries out under-film drip irrigation,
2) in several years before fibert result, every year in 6-7 month hayashishita kind millet,
3) after millet harvest, annual ryegrass is sowed October, and herbicide is used in combination, for preventing and treating local early spring
The strong competitive weeds such as Chenopodium album, wormwood artemisia for easily sending out.
2. making water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3)
In, by repeatedly cradling control plant height after rye grass jointing, to reduce grass yield, extend the greenery phase, reduces hot dry wind to hazel
The influence of son.
3. making water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet according to claim 2, which is characterized in that through step 3)
Afterwards, no-tillage seeding machine sowing millet can be used in 6-7 month.
4. making water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2)
In, will preceding stubble and weeds crush after the sowing of patch stubble or rotary-tillage suppressing, make prepartion of land, it is defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, make field without large clod and
Dark clod, without biggish stubble, stubble, to sow.
5. making water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: interplanting millet
Fibert woods need to select canopy density 0.3 hereinafter, the general field planting young growth area that allows to cultivate within 3 years, need to be north and south row to row
Away from 5m is not less than, to be matched with seeder and harvesting machinery.
6. making water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: sowing millet
When, using precision planter, seed manure is same to be broadcast.
7. making water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: be when sowing
Application of phosphoric acid diammonium 15kg per acre, fertilizer are applied with sowing in 5~7cm of seed side-lower；Mu 0.3~0.5kg of sowing quantity, line-spacing 40
~50cm, for convenience of mechanically actuated, line-spacing should be not less than 50cm, spacing in the rows 3cm or so, conventional millet variety density of reserved seedlings 5~60,000
Plant/acre, hybrid millet density of reserved seedlings is 3~40,000 plants/acre, and depth of planting 3cm or so suppresses immediately after broadcasting, makes grain and soil
It comes into full contact with.
8. making water-saving production method between a kind of fibert young growth millet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: carrying out field
Between management in, comprising intertillage, top dressing step, be in paddy seedling 9-11 piece leaf or so, take advantage of rain or in conjunction with watering impose urea 15~
20kg/ mus, subsequent cultivation and banking.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112042354A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-08 | 辽宁省经济林研究所 | Water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method for Pingyou hybrid hazelnut |
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| CN106900325A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-30 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Millet, eryuelan rain support few non-ploughing growing method for white |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106900325A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-30 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Millet, eryuelan rain support few non-ploughing growing method for white |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112042354A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-08 | 辽宁省经济林研究所 | Water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method for Pingyou hybrid hazelnut |
| CN112042354B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-06-28 | 辽宁省经济林研究所 | Water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method for Pingguo hybrid hazelnut |
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