Fodder chopper formula straw reducing mechanism for agricultural
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a guillotine type straw smashing device for agriculture.
Background
The straw is a general term of stem, leaf and ear parts of mature crops, generally refers to the residual parts of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, rape, cotton, sugarcane and other crops after seeds are harvested, more than half of products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straw, the straw is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, and is a renewable biological resource with multiple purposes, the grain yield is greatly improved since the 20 th century and the 80 th century, the quantity of the straw is large, and in addition, the popularization of firewood and coal saving technology, coal burning and liquefied gas are realized, so that a large amount of surplus straw is available in rural areas, the straw is burnt as waste material to pollute air, and a crushing device is needed for recycling the straw.
The agricultural straw smashing device disclosed in the Chinese patent (publication number: CN 208972052U) has the advantages that two groups of rotating rods in the smashing tank rotate reversely, straws enter the tangent positions of two groups of cutting blades through the feeding hopper, the straws entering the smashing tank can be cut efficiently, and for some thin straws, the straws are easy to wind on the rotating rods in the cutting process, need to be maintained and cleaned regularly, and are inconvenient to use and low in universality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a guillotine type straw smashing device for agriculture, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an agricultural guillotine type straw crushing device comprises a base, a crushing box, vibrating support legs, rollers, a feeding groove and a discharging hole; a plurality of rollers are arranged on the lower side of the base, so that the device is convenient to move and use; the crushing box is arranged above the base, the base is connected with the crushing box through a plurality of vibration support legs, a vibration motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the crushing box, the crushing box is driven to shake through the vibration motor, so that the inner straw is convenient to fall, and the falling speed of the inner straw is improved; a feed inlet is formed in the upper end of the left side wall of the crushing box, a discharge outlet is communicated with the lower part of the crushing box, and the straw which is crushed inside is discharged and collected; an inclined cutting groove plate is fixed in the middle of the crushing box, and the left end of the inclined cutting groove plate is higher than the right end of the inclined cutting groove plate, so that straws entering the left end of the inclined cutting groove plate move downwards along the cutting groove plate; a horizontal lifting knife board is arranged above the cutting trough plate, a plurality of blades are uniformly arranged on the lower side of the lifting knife board at equal intervals, a through knife groove is formed in the cutting trough plate corresponding to the lower side of each blade, each blade downwards penetrates through the knife groove to cut straws on the upper surface of the cutting trough plate, the straws are cut and fall down from the knife groove, an inclined guide plate is arranged below the cutting trough plate, the lower end of the guide plate is opposite to the discharge hole, and fallen straw scraps are sent out through the guide plate; the top of the lifting cutting board is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder structure, the lifting cutting board is driven to move up and down through the hydraulic cylinder structure, an air cavity is arranged in the lifting cutting board, a plurality of air blowing holes are formed in the bottom of the air cavity and distributed between two adjacent blades, the air blowing holes blow air downwards to blow off straws attached to the blades, and meanwhile, the straws are blown into the cutter grooves, so that straw scraps can fall conveniently; the intercommunication has the tuber pipe in the wind chamber, and the air is gone into to the wind intracavity through the tuber pipe, the intercommunication has the dust removal air exhauster on the top of smashing the case, and the dust removal air exhauster takes the air of inside out, and intercommunication purifying box removes dust to the air of taking out on the dust removal air exhauster, reduces the dust of production to the influence of surrounding air.
Further: the vibration landing leg is made of rubber, so that the crushing box is convenient to shake.
Further: the crushing case outside intercommunication that the feed inlet corresponds has the feed chute, and the feed chute is the slope structure to the upper port is higher than the feed inlet, makes the straw that the feed chute got into enter into in the feed inlet.
Further: the included angle between the cutting groove plate and the horizontal plane is 10-20 degrees.
Further: the left end top at the cutting frid is provided with the horizontally row and arranges the material roller, arranges the below that the material roller is located the feed inlet, arranges fixed a plurality of on the outer wall of material roller and dials the material pole, arranges fixed connection driving motor on the center pin of material roller, drives row material roller and rotates to arrange the material roller anticlockwise rotation, the straw that makes the entering falls on the cutting frid from the left side of arranging the material roller, row material roller can stir the straw on the cutting frid and move to the right, the unloading of being convenient for.
Further: a vertical baffle plate is fixed on the right side of the discharging roller, so that the entering straws can be conveyed through the discharging roller.
Further: the other end of the air pipe is communicated with the fan.
Further: the other end of the air pipe is communicated with an air bag, air is blown into the air chamber through the air bag, the air bag is fixedly arranged on the top of the crushing box, the air bag is of an annular structure and surrounds an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder structure, a horizontal annular-structure pressing plate is fixed on the lower side of the air bag, the lower end of the pressing plate is fixedly connected to the lifting knife plate through a connecting rod, and the pressing plate is pushed by the lifting knife plate to move up and down so as to extrude and stretch the air bag; the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are communicated in the air bag, the one-way valves are respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, the one-way valve on the air inlet pipe is communicated towards the interior of the air bag, the one-way valve on the air outlet pipe is communicated towards the exterior of the air bag, so that air can enter the air bag from the air inlet pipe in a one-way mode and then is discharged from the air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe is communicated with the air pipe, and the air discharged from the interior of the air bag is blown into the air cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the straw cutting machine has the advantages that the straw is convenient to move in the straw cutting machine through the inclined cutting groove plate, the straw is cut through the blades moving up and down, the chopping is realized, the blowing is used for blowing away the straw scraps in time, the straw cannot be wound, the manual maintenance and cleaning are not needed, the use cost is reduced, and the use is convenient; the air bag is extruded in the process that the lifting knife board moves up and down, the power of the air cylinder is reasonably utilized, and the equipment cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a guillotine-type straw-crushing device for agriculture.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a crushing box in the guillotine-type straw crushing device for agriculture.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an air bag in an agricultural guillotine-type straw crushing device.
In the figure: 1-base, 2-crushing box, 3-vibration support leg, 4-roller, 5-feeding groove, 6-discharging hole, 7-vibration motor, 8-hydraulic cylinder structure, 9-dust removal exhaust fan, 11-cutting groove plate, 12-feeding hole, 13-guide plate, 14-clapboard, 15-discharging roller, 16-lifting knife plate, 17-blade, 18-knife groove, 19-air cavity, 20-air blowing hole, 21-air pipe, 22-air bag, 23-air inlet pipe, 24-air outlet pipe, 25-one-way valve and 26-pressing plate.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to the figures, in the embodiment of the invention, an agricultural guillotine type straw crushing device comprises a base 1, a crushing box 2, vibrating support legs 3, rollers 4, a feeding groove 5 and a discharging hole 6; a plurality of rollers 4 are arranged on the lower side of the base 1, so that the device is convenient to move and use; the crushing box 2 is arranged above the base 1, the base 1 and the crushing box 2 are connected through a plurality of vibration support legs 3, the vibration support legs 3 are made of rubber, so that the crushing box 2 can shake conveniently, a vibration motor 7 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the crushing box 2, the crushing box 2 is driven to shake through the vibration motor 7, so that the straw in the crushing box can fall conveniently, and the falling rate of the straw in the crushing box is improved; a feed inlet 12 is formed in the upper end of the left side wall of the crushing box 2, a feed chute 5 is communicated with the outer part of the crushing box 2 corresponding to the feed inlet 12, the feed chute 5 is of an inclined structure, and the upper end opening of the feed chute 5 is higher than the feed inlet 12, so that straws entering the feed chute 5 enter the feed inlet 12; the lower part of the crushing box 2 is communicated with a discharge hole 6, and the straw crushed inside is discharged and collected.
An inclined cutting groove plate 11 is fixed in the middle of the crushing box 2, the included angle between the cutting groove plate 11 and the horizontal plane is 10-20 degrees, and the left end is higher than the right end, so that straws entering the left end move downwards along the cutting groove plate 11; a horizontal discharge roller 15 is arranged above the left end of the cutting groove plate 11, the discharge roller 15 is positioned below the feed inlet 12, a plurality of material stirring rods are fixed on the outer wall of the discharge roller 15, a driving motor is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the discharge roller 15 to drive the discharge roller 15 to rotate, and the discharge roller 15 rotates anticlockwise, so that the entering straws fall on the cutting groove plate 11 from the left side of the discharge roller 15, and the discharge roller 15 can stir the straws on the cutting groove plate 11 to move rightwards, thereby facilitating the blanking; a vertical baffle plate 14 is fixed at the right side of the discharge roller 15, so that the entering straws can be conveyed through the discharge roller 15.
A horizontal lifting knife plate 16 is arranged above the cutting trough plate 11, a plurality of blades 17 are uniformly arranged on the lower side of the lifting knife plate 16 at equal intervals, a through knife groove 18 is formed in the cutting trough plate 11 corresponding to the lower side of each blade 17, the blades 17 downwards penetrate through the knife groove 18 to cut straws on the upper surface of the cutting trough plate 11, the cut straws are cut and fall down from the knife groove 18, an inclined guide plate 13 is arranged below the cutting trough plate 11, and the lower end of the guide plate 13 is opposite to the discharge hole 6, so that fallen straw scraps are discharged through the guide plate 13; the top of the lifting knife board 16 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder structure 8, the lifting knife board 16 is driven to move up and down through the hydraulic cylinder structure 8, an air cavity 19 is formed in the lifting knife board 16, a plurality of air blowing holes 20 are formed in the bottom of the air cavity 19, the air blowing holes 20 are distributed between two adjacent blades 17, the air blowing holes 20 blow air downwards to blow down straws attached to the blades 17, and meanwhile, the straws are blown into the cutter grooves 18, so that straw scraps can fall conveniently; an air pipe 21 is communicated with the air cavity 19, air is blown into the air cavity 19 through the air pipe 21, and the other end of the air pipe 21 is communicated with a fan; smash on the top of case 2 intercommunication have dust removal air exhauster 9, and dust removal air exhauster 9 takes the air of inside out, and the last intercommunication purifying box that communicates of dust removal air exhauster 9 removes dust to the air of taking out, reduces the influence of the dust of production to ambient air.
Example 2
In embodiment 1, the other end of the air duct 21 is communicated with the air bag 22, air is blown into the air chamber 19 through the air bag 22, the air bag 22 is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing box 2, the air bag 22 is of an annular structure and surrounds an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder structure 8, a horizontal annular pressure plate 26 is fixed on the lower side of the air bag 22, the lower end of the pressure plate 26 is fixedly connected to the lifting knife plate 16 through a connecting rod, and the pressure plate 26 is pushed by the lifting knife plate 16 moving up and down to extrude and stretch the air bag 22; an air inlet pipe 23 and an air outlet pipe 24 are communicated in the air bag 22, one-way valves 25 are respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe 23 and the air outlet pipe 24, the one-way valves 25 on the air inlet pipe 23 are communicated in the air bag 22, the one-way valves 25 on the air outlet pipe 24 are communicated outside the air bag 22, air is enabled to enter the air bag 22 from the air inlet pipe 23 in a one-way mode, then the air is discharged from the air outlet pipe 24, the air outlet pipe 24 is communicated with the air pipe 21, and the air discharged in the air bag 22 is blown into the air cavity 19.
When the straws are crushed, the straws are loaded into the crushing box 2 through the feeding groove 5, the straws in the feeding groove 5 enter the crushing box 2 along the inclined direction and fall on the discharging roller 15 below, the straws are uniformly fed onto the left end of the cutting groove plate 11 and tightly pressed on the cutting groove plate 11 when the discharging roller 15 rotates, so that the straws are flatly laid on the cutting groove plate 11, the cutting groove plate 11 shakes downwards under the vibration of the whole crushing box 2, the straws fall on the cutter groove 18 and then are cut through the cutter blade 17 which moves up and down, the air blowing hole 20 on the lifting cutter plate 16 blows downwards in the up and down moving process of the lifting cutter plate 16, the crushed straws in the straw is driven to move, smaller crushed materials fall from the cutter groove 18, and larger crushed materials can be cut again by the cutter blade 17 after being blown until the crushed materials fall from the cutter groove 18; the air bag 22 above is extruded in the process that the lifting knife board 16 moves up and down, so that air is continuously blown out of the air outlet pipe 24 in the air bag 22 to feed air into the air cavity 19, and the air is convenient to blow.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.