CN110353263B - 一种抗肿瘤的甘薯和大豆异黄酮组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种抗肿瘤的甘薯和大豆异黄酮组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及保健食品及医药领域，具体涉及一种抗肿瘤的甘薯和大豆异黄酮的组合物及其应用。包括甘薯保健粉和大豆异黄酮，所述甘薯保健粉的制备方法为：在50~100℃下，向甘薯淀粉母液中加入质量占甘薯淀粉母液质量0.01~5%的沉淀剂后，分离、取固体物干燥和粉碎。所述的甘薯保健粉是从甘薯中提取的具有抗肿瘤作用的保健成分，大豆异黄酮是从大豆中提取的具有保健作用的异黄酮类成分，辅料为糊精等赋形剂和调味剂。本发明提供的复合甘薯颗粒保健食品，预防肿瘤效果显著，口感良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品及医药领域，具体涉及一种抗肿瘤的甘薯和大豆异黄酮的组合物及其应用。
背景技术
肿瘤是严重威胁人类健康的恶性疾病，在我国，癌症已成为疾病死因之首，且发病率和死亡率还在攀升。寻找开发疗效确切、毒副作用小的预防和抗肿瘤产品一直是研发的热点。
甘薯是薯蓣科薯蓣属缠绕草质藤本，又称红薯、甜署、白薯、番薯、地瓜等，是我国的粮食作物之一，其种植面积及产量均居世界首位。据《本草纲目》记载，甘薯“味甘、平、无毒。主治补虚乏、益气力、健脾胃、强肾阴。功同薯蓣”。现代研究结果表明(王洪云等，中国食物与营养，2013，19(12)：59-62)甘薯具有抗癌、提高免疫、降血脂、降血糖、抑制血栓形成、防治动脉硬化和心脏血管疾病等多种功效。甘薯蛋白有显著的抗肿瘤作用(Peng-Gao Li,etc。Anticancer effects of sweet potato protein on human colorectal cancercells。World J Gastroenterol，2013，19(21):3300-3308)，最近的研究发现甘薯糖蛋白也具有抗肿瘤作用(Meimei Wang，etc。Bioassay-guided isolation of glycoprotein SPG-56from sweet potato Zhongshu-1and its anti-colon cancer activity in vitro andin vivo。Journal of Functional Foods.35，(2017)，315-324)。利用甘薯的抗肿瘤保健成分开发具有预防肿瘤等保健作用的产品，前景广阔。但是，甘薯保健成分及其抗肿瘤保健作用在生活中并未得到充分开发利用。
大豆异黄酮是豆科植物的重要成分，抗肿瘤动物实验及体外实验均显示大豆异黄酮对乳腺癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌、肝癌、胃癌及白血病具有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖及抑制肿瘤生长作用；其抗肿瘤机制包括性激素样作用、抗氧化作用、诱导细胞程序性死亡及抑制酪氨酸激酶活性和抑制拓扑异构酸Ⅱ活性等。但是，单用大豆异黄酮，其抗肿瘤作用还有很大的不足。
发明内容
为解决上述问题本发明提供一种具有抗肿瘤作用的甘薯和大豆异黄酮的组合物，该组合物将一种从甘薯淀粉母液提取得甘薯保健粉与大豆异黄酮复配，利用其协同作用，显著提高其抗肿瘤作用。
一种具有抗肿瘤作用的甘薯和大豆异黄酮的组合物，其特征在于，包括甘薯保健粉和大豆异黄酮，所述甘薯保健粉的制备方法为：在50～100℃下，向甘薯淀粉母液中加入质量占甘薯淀粉母液质量0.01～5％的沉淀剂后，分离、取固体物干燥和粉碎。
进一步的，所述大豆异黄酮是指异黄酮含量为1～99％的大豆提取物。
进一步的，所述组合物还包括辅料，甘薯保健粉质量占组合物质量的1～90％、大豆异黄酮质量占组合物质量的1～90％，余量为辅料。
所述辅料可以是食品上可接受的/药用辅料，药用辅料是指赋形剂、矫味剂、崩解剂、助溶剂、黏合剂、润滑剂和缓释剂等，食品上可接受的辅料包括甜味剂、色素、香精、糊精和营养强化剂等。
进一步的，甘薯保健粉质量占组合物质量的20～50％、大豆异黄酮质量占组合物质量的20～50％，余量为辅料。
进一步的，所述沉淀过程的温度为60～90℃，所述沉淀剂的量为甘薯淀粉母液质量的0.05～1％，所述沉淀剂为钙盐、镁盐、铝盐、醋酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖内酯、海藻酸钠、黄原胶和卡拉胶中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述干燥是指干燥至固体物的含水量不超过10％，粉碎是指粉碎后的得到的甘薯保健粉的粒径小于20目。
进一步的，所述沉淀过程的沉淀温度为70～90℃，所述沉淀剂为硫酸钙、硫酸镁、酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸和葡萄糖酸内酯的沉淀剂一种或多种。
进一步的，所述干燥是指干燥至固体物中含水量不超过5％，粉碎所得组合物的粒径小于100目。
上述具有抗肿瘤作用的甘薯和大豆异黄酮的组合物在制备治疗和/预防肿瘤的药物/保健品中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明所述的甘薯淀粉母液是指除去了甘薯淀粉的母液，俗称黄浆或淀粉废水，其可以使甘薯淀粉生产中产生的废液；也可以是将甘薯与水一并粉碎，除去淀粉，收集得到的浆液。
本发明提供的具有抗肿瘤活性的甘薯和大豆异黄酮的组合物，由于甘薯保健粉和大豆异黄酮的协同作用，其具有显著的抗肿瘤作用和预防作用，预防作用远大于二者单用的效果。在给药浓度相同的情况下，二者单用时，小鼠的肿瘤发生率均为90％，肿瘤平均质量0.8～0.9g，二者联用时(本组合物)，小鼠肿瘤的发生率降低至30％，肿瘤平均质量降低至0.25～0.49g。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明。
实施例1甘薯淀粉母液的制备
将100公斤甘薯洗净，粉碎过20目，磨细后的混合物转入滤孔为400目的喷淋洗涤离心机，边离心边用10L水喷淋，得到淀粉溶液和甘薯渣；将淀粉溶液离心去除淀粉，得到甘薯淀粉母液。
实施例2甘薯保健粉的制备
100℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量0.01％的硫酸钙，搅拌均匀，冷却到80℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过10％，50目筛粉碎，得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例3甘薯保健粉的制备
50℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量1％的硫酸铝，搅拌均匀，冷却到20℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过10％，50目筛粉碎得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例4甘薯保健粉的制备
70℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量0.1％的醋酸，搅拌均匀，冷却到20℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过8％，100目筛粉碎得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例5甘薯保健粉的制备
90℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量0.05％的柠檬酸，搅拌均匀，冷却到30℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过10％，100目筛粉碎得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例6甘薯保健粉的制备
80℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量0.5％的苹果酸，搅拌均匀，冷却到40℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过8％，50目筛粉碎得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例7甘薯保健粉的制备
60℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量2％的葡萄糖酸内酯，搅拌均匀，冷却到25℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过5％，100目筛粉碎得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例8甘薯保健粉的制备
60℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量2％的海藻酸钠，搅拌均匀，冷却到25℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过9％，100目筛粉碎得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例9甘薯保健粉的制备
60℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量2％的葡萄糖酸内酯，搅拌均匀，冷却到25℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过12％，100目筛粉碎得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例10甘薯保健粉的制备
60℃下，向10L甘薯淀粉母液中加入重量为母液重量2％的海藻酸钠，搅拌均匀，冷却到25℃，离心，60℃下真空干燥至含水量不超过15％，100目筛粉碎得到甘薯保健粉。
实施例11复合甘薯颗粒的制备
取甘薯保健粉90g、大豆异黄酮1g、糊精8.9g、甜蜜素0.1g，混合均匀，按照一般制粒工艺制粒，60℃下烘干，分装即可。大豆异黄酮为购买的食品级大豆提取物，异黄酮含量为99％。该产品具有较好的预防肿瘤效果。
实施例12组合物的制备
取甘薯保健粉1g、大豆异黄酮90g、糊精5g、蔗糖4g，混合均匀，按照一般制粒工艺制粒，60℃下烘干，装胶囊即可。大豆异黄酮为购买的食品级大豆提取物，异黄酮含量为1％。该产品具有较好的预防肿瘤效果。
实施例13组合物的制备
取甘薯保健粉20g、大豆异黄酮50g、糊精25g、白糖5g，混合均匀，按照一般制粒工艺制粒，60℃下烘干，分装即可。大豆异黄酮为购买的食品级大豆提取物，异黄酮含量为20％。该产品具有较好的预防肿瘤效果。
实施例14组合物的制备
取甘薯保健粉50g、大豆异黄酮20g、糊精25g、白糖5g，混合均匀，按照一般制粒工艺制粒，60℃下烘干，分装即可。大豆异黄酮为购买的食品级大豆提取物，异黄酮含量为80％。该产品具有较好的预防肿瘤效果。
实施例15组合物的制备
取甘薯保健粉45g、大豆异黄酮45g、糊精9g、甜蜜素1g，混合均匀，按照一般制粒工艺制粒，60℃下烘干，分装即可。大豆异黄酮为购买的食品级大豆提取物，异黄酮含量为50％。该产品具有较好的预防肿瘤效果。
对照实施例1甘薯全提取物的制备
将10L甘薯淀粉母液干燥，减压浓缩至固型物含量20％，喷雾干燥，得到甘薯全提取物保健粉。
对照实施例2甘薯全提取物为原料配制的“复核甘薯颗粒”制备
甘薯全提取物45g、大豆异黄酮45g、糊精9g、甜蜜素1g，混合均匀，按照一般制粒工艺制粒，60℃下烘干，分装即可。大豆异黄酮为购买的食品级大豆提取物，异黄酮含量为50％。
预防肿瘤效果试验
1.试验材料
甘薯保健粉，实施例2-10任一实施例制备的保健粉；
甘薯全提取物，对照实施例1制备；
大豆异黄酮：为购买的产品，异黄酮含量50％；
组合物，实施例11-15任一实施例制备(其中，所用的大豆异黄酮为异黄酮含量为50％的市售品)；
对照组合物，对照实施例2制备；
MCF-7肿瘤细胞，选择生长对数期的MCF-7肿瘤细胞，用0.25％胰蛋白酶液消化1～2min，倒出消化液，加入PBS洗涤，反复吹打，将细胞悬液移至离心管中，1300rpm离心5min，弃上清，加入DMEM完全培养基，调整细胞浓度为1×108个/ml，0.4％台盼蓝检测活细胞>95％，备用。
2.试验动物
裸小鼠(nude mice)：BALB/cnu，4周龄，100只，16-20g/只。
3.试验方法
将100只4周龄BALB/c nu裸鼠单笼饲养，屏障隔离系统平衡3～5天，无菌饲料和水充足。将裸鼠随机分为10组，每组10只，除阴性对照组外，各组裸鼠均接种肿瘤细胞(0.1ml/只)，给予实验药物饲养，5g/(只*天)，持续30天，30天后，处死老鼠，取下肿瘤块，称重，分析比较每组肿瘤组织平均重量，结果见表1。
4.试验结果
表1、抗肿瘤效果实验
| 试验组 | 肿瘤平均重量/g | 肿瘤发生率/％ |
| 阴性对照组 | 0.00±0.00 | 0 |
| 阳性对照组 | 1.51±0.54 | 100 |
| 试验组1(甘薯保健粉，实施例6) | 0.88±0.55* | 90 |
| 试验组2(大豆异黄酮，50％含量) | 0.86±0.61* | 90 |
| 试验组3(组合物，对照实施例1) | 1.27±0.47 | 100 |
| 试验组4(组合物，实施例11) | 0.45±0.37**# | 60 |
| 试验组5(组合物，实施例12) | 0.39±0.86**# | 60 |
| 试验组6(组合物，实施例13) | 0.31±0.32**## | 40 |
| 试验组7(组合物，实施例15) | 0.28±0.25**## | 30 |
| 试验组8(对照组合物，对照实施例2) | 0.92±0.79 | 90 |
试验结果表明，与阳性对照组相比(*组)，甘薯保健粉和大豆异黄酮均有较好的抗肿瘤效果(达到显著水平)，而甘薯全提取物也有一定的抗肿瘤效果，但很差(未达显著水平)；甘薯保健粉与大豆异黄酮复合后，尽管给药剂量相同，其抗肿瘤效果显著提升，达极显著水平，表明二者有明显的协同作用；随着配比的进一步优化，其抗肿瘤效果进一步提高；而大豆异黄酮与甘薯全提取物复核后，其抗肿瘤效果有所增加，但未达显著水平。
与大豆异黄酮和甘薯保健粉组相比(#组)，复合甘薯颗粒保健食品抗肿瘤效果显著提升，达显著水平，表明二者有明显的协同作用；随着配比的进一步优化，其抗肿瘤效果进一步提高，达到极显著水平。
此外，从肿瘤发生率看，大豆异黄酮和甘薯保健粉均有预防肿瘤的作用，而甘薯全提取物却没有该作用；组合物预防肿瘤的效果进一步提高，表明组合物具有预防肿瘤的效果。
Claims (4)
1.一种具有抗肿瘤作用的甘薯和大豆异黄酮的组合物，其特征在于，包括占组合物质量20~50%的甘薯保健粉、占组合物质量20~50%的大豆异黄酮，余量为辅料；所述大豆异黄酮是指异黄酮含量为 20~99%的大豆提取物；所述甘薯保健粉的制备方法为：在60~90℃下，向甘薯淀粉母液中加入质量占甘薯淀粉母液质量0.05 ~1%的沉淀剂后，分离、取固体物干燥和粉碎；所述甘薯淀粉母液是指除去了甘薯淀粉的母液，或是将甘薯与水一并粉碎，除去淀粉，收集得到的浆液；所述沉淀剂为钙盐、镁盐、铝盐、醋酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖酸内酯、海藻酸钠、黄原胶和卡拉胶中的一种或多种；所述干燥是指干燥至固体物的含水量不超过10%，粉碎是指粉碎后的得到的甘薯保健粉的粒径小于20目。
2.如权利要求 1 所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述沉淀过程的沉淀温度为 70~90℃，所述沉淀剂为硫酸钙、硫酸镁、酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸和葡萄糖酸内酯中的一种或多种。
3.如权利要求 2 所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述干燥是指干燥至固体物中含水量不超过 5%。
4.如权利要求 1～3 任一项所述组合物在制备治疗和/预防MCF-7 肿瘤细胞的药物中的应用。
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