CN110341625B - 防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法 - Google Patents

防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法 Download PDF

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CN110341625B
CN110341625B CN201910243718.6A CN201910243718A CN110341625B CN 110341625 B CN110341625 B CN 110341625B CN 201910243718 A CN201910243718 A CN 201910243718A CN 110341625 B CN110341625 B CN 110341625B
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CN110341625A (zh
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D·R·哈洛宁
C·C·黑德
C·E·利特尔
J·D·史密斯
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Abstract

一种防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法包括：关闭车辆点火以启动电子控制单元的断电序列，并且在车辆点火关闭一段预定时间段后检测来自车辆电池的过量电流消耗情况。在通过分析从车辆收集的数据来验证存在过量电流消耗情况之后，该方法继续为车辆通信网络上的电子控制单元加电并且广播系统状态等于运行，并且在电子控制单元达到稳态操作之后，在车辆通信网络上广播系统状态等于关闭。

Description

防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法
技术领域
本文描述的实施例总体上涉及对机动车辆(例如汽车、卡车、摩托车或船只)上蓄电池能量存储的监测。
背景技术
机动车辆上的电蓄电池历来是关键部件，电池不仅在启动期间用作开动车辆发动机的能量源，而且还在车辆运行期间与充电系统和电压调节电路相结合作为用于存储电能的镇流器。要在包括宽范围温度极限的各种环境条件下使车辆运行，电池必须具有足够的荷电状态以起动车辆发动机。
在现代版本的机动车辆中，电池具有在启动期间向除车辆起动电动机之外的各种系统提供电流的附加功能。这样的系统可以包括车辆安全系统，其周期性地“唤醒”，或者由车辆操作者唤醒。其他这样的系统包括远程无钥匙进入设备。此外，在操作期间用于发动机和附件管理的电子控制系统(“ECS”)依赖于以电池为特征的电气系统。因此，期望电池具有高可靠性以确保适当和完整的车辆设计功能。因此，电池的故障可表现为若干征兆，包括车辆不起动的情况。
电池“寄生负载”是当点火钥匙处于关闭位置时呈现在车辆上的电负载，该负载可以是恒定的或间歇的。过度的寄生负载可将电池消耗到低荷电状态(“SOC”)，这可能阻止车辆在稍后的时间点启动。此外，相对低的SOC可能对电池寿命有害，特别是对于未设计成容许重复深度充电循环的电池。这在现代车辆中可能最为显著，因为在点火关闭期间需要周期性地唤醒的车载计算机模块的数量增多。
过度寄生负载的情况可以容易地检测到，但是如果没有办法容易地解决该问题，则电池SOC很大程度上可能会耗尽，从而导致无启动条件。因此，需要一种用于检测和解决由于过量寄生电流引起电池消耗的方法。
发明内容
一个或多个示例性实施例通过提供一种防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法来解决上述问题。根据示例性实施例，该方法的各方面包括：关闭车辆点火以启动电子控制单元的断电序列，以及在车辆点火关闭一段预定的时间段后，检测来自车辆电池的过量电流消耗情况。示例性实施例的另一方面包括基于在关闭车辆点火和预定时间段期满之后利用从车辆收集的数据来验证过量电流消耗情况。以及另一方面包括对车辆通信网络上的主电子控制单元加电，以验证存在过量电流消耗情况。
以及根据示例性实施例的另一方面，其中检测进一步包括使用智能电池传感器。进一步的方面，其中验证进一步包括从智能电池传感器收集车身控制模块中的数据并将收集的数据发送到远程办公室，以及在远程办公室分析收集的数据来确定由于存在过量电流消耗情况，远程办公室是否应启用补救措施软件。又一方面包括当验证存在过量电流消耗情况时，在远程办公室对车辆启用补救措施软件。以及进一步的方面，其中广播进一步包括：如果过量电流消耗情况继续，则重置车辆通信网络上的所有电子控制单元的通信电路，并且广播系统状态等于关闭，以及如果在重置通信电路之后过量电流消耗情况继续，则重置车辆通信网络上的电子控制单元，并且广播系统状态等于关闭。
根据示例性实施例的又一方面包括，如果过量电流消耗继续，则向车辆操作者提供车辆应当维修的警报。以及其他方面，其中提供警报进一步包括当已经获得发送此类警报的事先授权时，从远程办公室提供文本警报，和/或激活电池维修灯。
附图说明
本文所公开方法的实施例可以在某些零件和零件的配置中采取物理形式，其优选实施例将在构成本发明的一部分的附图中详细描述和说明，并且其中：
图1图示了用于公开根据示例性实施例的防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法的车辆系统；
图2图示了在启用根据示例性实施例的防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法之后，随时间推移，该方法对寄生电流的影响；和
图3示出了根据示例性实施例的用于防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现参考附图，其中附图仅用于说明某些示例性实施例的目的，而不是出于限制这些实施例的目的，图1图示了配置成用于公开的防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法的车辆系统。
用于车辆12的系统10具有电子控制单元(14、16、18和20)和至少一个与常规12伏电池24电连通的传感器22。控制单元包括变速器控制模块(TCM)14、发动机控制模块(ECM)16、远程信息处理模块18和车身控制模块(BCM)20。根据示例性实施例，至少一个传感器22是智能电池传感器(IBS)，其配置为连续分析12伏电池的状态并提供关于诸如电池24的荷电状态、功能状态(供电性能)和健康状态(老化)等关键参数信息。
ECM 16作为车辆的“大脑”运行并且控制内燃机上的多个致动器以确保最佳发动机性能。TCM 14接收来自各种传感器的电信号和来自ECM 16的数据以调节用于最佳车辆性能的换档。远程信息处理模块18配置成管理车载控制器之间的信息交换，用于与远离车辆的位置(例如远程办公室或服务器)交换信息，该位置可以例如通过无线传输上载。这样，出于诊断目的，可以远程存储、监视、分析和/或操纵车辆性能数据。根据优选实施例，IBS 22还与BCM 20通信，BCM 20配置成用于收集和存储从IBS 22接收的数据以及用于控制诸如电动门、电动座椅和刮水器的功能。
电池24还通过用于向控制模块(14、16、18和20)供电的各种电线26与TCM 14、ECM16、远程信息处理模块18和BCM 20进行电通信。应当理解，车辆系统10可以包括附加的控制模块和附加的传感器，这些附加的控制模块和附加的传感器协作来控制和监测车辆的若干功能，虽然这些功能没有在此讨论，但是可以包括在车辆系统10中而不超出示例性实施例的范围。
控制单元(14、16、18和20)使用例如通信网络28的一个或多个网络连接进行连接。除了与车外位置交换信息之外，通信网络还允许控制模块(14、16、18和20)在车载控制单元之间发送和接收数据。合适的网络连接的示例包括控制器区域网络(CAN)、媒体导向系统传输(MOST)、局部互连网络(LIN)、局域网(LAN)、以及其他合适的连接，例如以太网或其他符合已知ISO、SAE和IEEE标准和规范的连接，仅举几个例子。
如上所述，远程信息处理模块18可操作用于通过至少一个蜂窝网络30与至少一个远程位置或对象进行无线通信。例如，远程信息处理模块18能够与其他类似装备的车辆、远程服务器、移动设备和远程办公室32一起使用。通过该无线连接30，远程办公室32能够监控各种车辆子系统的功能，能够诊断可能导致某些车辆子系统故障的情况。同样地，根据示例性实施例，无线连接30允许车辆12具有存储在由远程办公室启用的车辆上的补救措施软件，以及允许通过空中(OAT)刷新从远程办公室32接收的补救措施软件，其可以解决远程诊断的问题，而不需要将车辆12接收进行维修。
现参考图2，曲线图50示出了在根据示例性实施例的各方面，启动防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法之后，寄生电流消耗随时间的变化。曲线图50的X轴52表示时间(秒)，Y轴表示电池电流(安培)。线56图示地表示电池电流随以秒为单位的时间的变化。
从60开始，关闭车辆12的点火以启动车辆12上的通信网络28上的控制单元(14、16、18、20)的关闭顺序。在时间段62期间，通信网络上的至少一个控制单元已经关闭，但是在64处，至少一个其他控制单元保持接通并且继续从IBS 22感测的电池消耗电流。在66处，在远程办公室32处进行验证，存在过量电流消耗情况，并且从远程办公室32启用补救措施软件(Smitty循环)并将其加载到车辆12上。
补救措施软件或Smitty循环开启三级保护方法以解决来自电池的过量电流消耗情况。在第1级，补救措施软件首先对车辆通信网络上的主电子控制单元加电，以验证存在过量电流消耗情况。此后，在电子控制单元已经达到稳态操作之后，在车辆通信网络上广播等于关闭的系统状态。如果补救措施软件的第1级阶段没有解决过量电流消耗情况，则通过重置网络上的控制单元的通信电路，然后向通信网络上的所有控制单元广播系统状态关闭来执行第2级。
如果执行补救措施软件的第2级阶段没有解决过量电流消耗情况，则启动该软件的第3级阶段。在第3级阶段，补救措施软件继续重置通信网络上的所有控制单元，然后广播系统状态等于关闭。
如果执行补救措施软件的任一级解决了过量电流消耗情况，那么在周期68期间，通信网络28上的至少一个控制单元进入休眠，同时至少一个其他控制单元保持唤醒一段时间，直到在70处保持唤醒的至少一个其他控制单元进入休眠。最后，在72处，通信网络28上的所有控制单元进入休眠，使得过量电流消耗情况得以解决，并且车辆处于适当的休眠模式。
现参考图3，提供了根据示例性实施例的用于防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法的流程图。在框102处，该方法首先关闭车辆点火以启动电子控制单元的断电序列。在框104处，IBS传感器用于在车辆点火关闭一段预定时长后检测来自车辆电池的过量电流消耗情况。
在框106处，收集IBS传感器数据并将其存储在控制单元中，优选根据示例性实施例的BCM。然而，应当理解，可以收集IBS数据并将其存储在适于这种目的另一控制单元中，而不超出本发明的范围。然后在框108处，控制单元将收集的数据(stats)无线发送到远程办公室。
在框110处，对无线接收的统计数据进行验证和分析，以确定车辆上的远程办公室是否应当启用补救措施软件。在框112处，如果确定不需要在车辆上启用补救措施软件，则该方法结束。如果确定需要在车辆上启用补救措施软件，则在框114处，将计数器定义为i＝i+1，其中i从零开始。在框116处，检查计数器的值以确定计数值是否大于3。如果计数器不大于3，则在框118处，启动在车辆上启用的三(3)级补救措施软件。
在补救措施软件的第1级中，补救措施软件首先对车辆通信网络上的主电子控制单元加电，以验证存在过量电流消耗情况。此后，在电子控制单元已经达到稳态操作之后，在车辆通信网络上广播等于“关闭”的系统状态。如果补救措施软件的第1级没有解决过量电流消耗情况，则通过重置网络上的控制单元的通信电路，然后向通信网络上的所有控制单元广播系统状态“关闭”来执行第2级。
如果执行补救措施软件的第2级阶段没有解决过量电流消耗情况，则启动该软件的第3级阶段。在第3级阶段，补救措施软件继续重置通信网络上的所有控制单元，然后广播系统状态等于“关闭”。
如果执行补救措施软件的任何一级并且解决了过量电流消耗情况，则退出该方法。
如果在框116处确定计数器大于三(3)，则在框120处将计数器重置为零，并且在框122处，该方法会确定授权远程办公室直接向驾驶员的移动设备或车辆发送文本消息的通知策略规则是否已被接受。如果是，则在框124处，将警报文本直接发送到车辆操作者或车辆，或为了解决电气系统问题，车辆需要添加的其他适当装置。或者，可以通过激活仪表板组的电池维修灯将警报发送到车辆。
最后，在框126处，如果通知策略规则尚未被接受，则不发送文本警报，但是在替代方案中，可以激活电池维修灯以警告车辆操作者电池问题。
本公开已经描述了某些优选实施例及其修改。在阅读和理解本说明书后，其他人可以想到进一步的修改和变更。因此，本公开旨在不限于作为预期实施本公开的最佳模式而公开的特定实施例，而是本公开将包括落入所附权利要求范围内的所有实施例。

Claims (10)

1.防止车辆电池寄生电流消耗的方法，包括：
关闭车辆点火以启动电子控制单元的断电序列；
在所述车辆点火关闭预定时间段后，检测所述车辆电池的过量电流消耗情况；
在关闭所述车辆点火和所述预定时间段期满后根据从所述车辆收集的数据来验证所述过量电流消耗情况；和
在所述车辆通信网络上广播系统状态等于关闭。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，检测还包括使用智能电池传感器。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其中，验证还包括从所述智能电池传感器收集车身控制模块中的数据，并将收集的数据发送到远程办公室。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其中，验证还包括在所述远程办公室处分析收集的数据，以确定由于所述过量电流消耗情况，所述远程办公室是否应启用补救措施软件。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，还包括，当验证存在所述过量电流消耗情况时，从所述远程办公室启用所述车辆上的所述补救措施软件。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，广播还包括如果所述过量电流消耗情况继续，则重置所述车辆通信网络上所有电子控制单元的通信电路，并且广播系统状态等于关闭。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中，广播还包括如果过量电流情况持续，则重置所述车辆通信网络上的所述电子控制单元，并且广播系统状态等于关闭。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，还包括，如果所述过量电流消耗继续，向所述车辆操作者提供所述车辆应当维修的警报。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中，提供警报还包括当已经获得发送此类警报的事先授权时，从远程办公室提供文本警报。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中，提供警报还包括激活电池维修灯。
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