CN110339497B - Automatic deceleration and rapid descent device and smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system for high-rise fire disaster - Google Patents
Automatic deceleration and rapid descent device and smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system for high-rise fire disaster Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110339497B CN110339497B CN201910793885.8A CN201910793885A CN110339497B CN 110339497 B CN110339497 B CN 110339497B CN 201910793885 A CN201910793885 A CN 201910793885A CN 110339497 B CN110339497 B CN 110339497B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- escape
- automatic deceleration
- sliding
- rapid
- rope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 108010066057 cabin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/02—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rescue cages, bags, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/16—Life-saving ropes or belts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/18—Other single parts for rope lowering-devices, e.g. take-up rollers for ropes, devices for shooting ropes
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic deceleration rapid-descent device and a high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-descent escape system, relates to the technical field of fire protection, and solves the technical problems that the rapid-descent device is complex in structure and low in escape efficiency of a high-rise escape platform. The automatic deceleration speed reducing device comprises an automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding rope and an automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding cabin penetrating through the automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding rope, wherein a stop block and a bearing rotating body capable of rotating around a shaft are arranged in the automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding cabin; the high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-falling escape system comprises an escape bin arranged on the top layer of a building, wherein a fireproof door communicated with the interior of the building is arranged on the escape bin, and a fireproof heat-insulating layer is arranged in the escape bin; an automatic deceleration and rapid descent device is also arranged in the escape bin. The invention is used for enabling personnel in high-rise buildings to escape quickly and efficiently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire protection, in particular to an automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding cabin and a high-rise fire smoke-avoiding speed-reducing escape system with the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding cabin.
Background
Due to the rise of land prices and the improvement of construction technology in modern cities, the heights of buildings are increasing. Fire is a common disaster in human disasters, and although people have higher and higher fireproof consciousness at present, fireproof and extinguishing means are more and more advanced, and the fire always happens when the fire is not completely prevented. In recent years, high-rise building fires are endlessly layered, the update of fire-fighting rescue hardware facilities is always not kept pace with the increasing speed of building floors, and common household slow-descent rescue equipment is also not very useful in the case of high fire and smoke, so that the high-rise fire has become a prominent social problem for endangering urban public safety. The smoke-avoiding rapid-descent escape and rapid-descent entertainment system for the high-rise fire disaster not only can provide a safe shelter space for the trapped person in the high-rise fire disaster to avoid the damage of the concentrated smoke, but also can help the trapped person to safely and efficiently rapidly descend to the ground when the high-rise fire disaster occurs. When a high-rise fire disaster happens, the fire disaster is put out as a first task, and if the fire disaster can not be put out in time, the escape of trapped people in the fire disaster is important. The thick smoke is the first killer in the fire, few people in the fire directly be buried fire seas, most people die due to choking of the thick smoke or be buried fire seas due to the thick smoke losing the chance of escaping. The time for escaping the trapped person in the high-rise fire is not long, the trapped person can escape quickly, and if the number of the trapped person is large, the efficiency of the escaping device is very important.
The present inventors found that there are at least the following technical problems in the prior art: the existing rapid-falling device is complex in structure, and the escape efficiency of the existing high-rise escape bin is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding cabin and a high-rise fire smoke-avoiding and rapid-descent escape system provided with the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding cabin, so as to solve the technical problems that a rapid-descent device in the prior art is complex in structure and the escape efficiency of the existing high-rise escape cabin is low ..
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an automatic deceleration speed reducing device, which comprises an automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding cabin and an automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding rope, wherein:
the automatic speed reduction and sliding cabin comprises a sliding cabin shell, a first upper stop block, a first lower stop block, a rotating shaft and a bearing rotating body, wherein the first upper stop block and the first lower stop block are fixedly arranged in the sliding cabin shell, the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged in the sliding cabin shell, and the bearing rotating body is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft;
The bearing rotating body comprises a main body sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a first clamping block and a second clamping block which are respectively connected with two ends of the main body, wherein the first clamping block is connected with a bearing steel wire rope, a through hole is further formed in the sliding cabin shell, and one end of the bearing steel wire rope penetrates out of the sliding cabin shell through the through hole;
The automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope can sequentially pass through the upper end opening, the main body and the lower end opening;
The bearing rotating body is kept at an initial position when no external force is applied, and a gap exists between the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope and the first upper stop block and between the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope and the first lower stop block; when the bearing steel wire rope is pulled by external force, the bearing rotating body can rotate, and the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope is respectively clamped between the first upper stop block and the second stop block and between the first lower stop block and the first stop block; and a reset spring is further arranged between the bearing rotating body and the sliding cabin shell, and the reset spring can enable the bearing rotating body to return to an initial position after external force disappears.
Further, the automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding rope comprises a speed reducing area at the upper end and a deceleration area at the lower end, the diameters of the speed reducing areas are uniform, the diameters of the deceleration areas are not smaller than the diameters of the speed reducing areas, and the diameters of the deceleration areas are gradually increased from top to bottom.
Further, a small door is arranged on the sliding cabin shell, reed pieces are arranged in the small door, and at least part of sections of the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope are clamped between the reed pieces; the automatic speed reduction sliding rope is characterized in that a second upper stop block and a second lower stop block are further arranged in the sliding cabin shell, and partial sections of the automatic speed reduction sliding rope are respectively positioned between the first upper stop block and the second upper stop block, and between the first lower stop block and the second lower stop block.
Further, a third stop block is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding bin shell, and when the bearing steel wire rope is pulled by external force to enable the bearing rotary body to rotate, the third stop block can be in contact with the second clamping block and keep the minimum gap between the first upper stop block and the second clamping block.
Further, the first clamping block and the second clamping block are respectively provided with a special spanner preformed hole, and a special spanner can be inserted into the special spanner preformed holes and is adjusted to set the initial position of the bearing rotating body in the sliding cabin shell.
The invention also provides a high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-lowering escape system comprising the automatic deceleration rapid-lowering device, the high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-lowering escape system further comprises an escape bin arranged in a building, a fireproof door communicated with the interior of the building is arranged on the escape bin, and a fireproof heat-insulating layer is arranged in the escape bin.
Further, at least part of the escape bin extends out from the side wall of the building, the automatic deceleration and rapid descent rope is detachably and fixedly connected with the ceiling or the side wall or other fixing devices inside the escape bin, an escape well is arranged on the floor of the escape bin corresponding to the position right below the automatic deceleration and rapid descent rope, and the escape well is arranged at the part of the escape bin extending out from the side wall of the building.
Further, the escape well is connected with a smoke-proof and fire-proof channel, and the smoke-proof and fire-proof channel extends from the bottom of the escape well to above the ground.
Further, the high-rise fire smoke-avoidance rapid-descent escape system further comprises an air conveying channel, the upper end of the air conveying channel is connected with the ceiling of the escape bin, an air conveying channel well is further arranged on the floor of the escape bin at a position corresponding to the air conveying channel, the other end of the air conveying channel can penetrate through the air conveying channel well to be placed on the ground and communicated with an air outlet of a blower, and the air conveying channel well is arranged at the part of the escape bin extending from a side wall of a building.
Further, an inflatable air cushion is arranged on the ground corresponding to the lower part of the escape well.
The automatic deceleration and rapid descent device has the beneficial effects that:
The automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding cabin is sleeved on the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope, and the bearing steel wire rope is usually connected with a safety belt on the body of the evacuee; when the load-bearing steel wire rope is pulled by the dead weight of an evacuee, the load-bearing rotating body rotates to clamp the automatic deceleration and rapid descent rope between the first clamping block and the first upper stop block and between the second clamping block and the first lower stop block, so that the automatic deceleration and rapid descent rope is clamped between the first clamping block and the first upper stop block and between the second clamping block and the first lower stop block along with the falling process of the evacuee to obtain sliding friction force, and the evacuee can fall rapidly at a sufficiently high speed without danger; when the external force applied to the bearing rotating body is relieved, the reset spring can also enable the bearing rotating body to return to the initial position, so that the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding cabin is conveniently separated from the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope; under the premise of better speed reduction effect, the speed reduction sliding bin is simple in structure, low in processing and manufacturing cost and convenient to use, and can automatically and quickly reduce to the ground by being worn without holding or other operations of an evacuee.
The high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-falling escape system has the beneficial effects that:
The high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-descending escape system can provide a temporary emergency shelter space for trapped people when the high-rise fire occurs, and can also help the trapped people to rapidly descend from the escape bin to the ground. Under the condition that no fire disaster occurs, the high-rise fire disaster smoke-avoiding rapid-descent escape system can also be used as a fire-fighting exercise or training facility to escape tools for staff in high-rise buildings. The high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-falling escape system is simple to operate, safe, reliable, high in escape efficiency and capable of being popularized in a large area.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-rise fire smoke-avoidance rapid-descent escape system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the automatic deceleration and ramp down pod (excluding the pod housing) of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working principle of the automatic deceleration and descent control device (not including the shell of the device) of the present invention after bearing the body weight of the evacuee.
1, An escape bin; 2. an air delivery channel; 3. an air delivery passage well; 4. a blower; 5. smoke-proof and fire-proof channel; 6. a metal ring; 7. an inflatable air cushion; 8. automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope; 9. a fixed pulley; 10. automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding bin; 11. a sliding cabin lifting rope; 12. a fixing ring; 13. a connecting ring; 14. an escape well; 15. a chute channel; 151. a first upper stopper; 152. a first lower stop block; 153. a second upper stopper; 154. a second lower stopper; 16. a main body; 171. a first clamping block; 172. a second clamping block; 18. a rotating shaft; 19. a bearing point; 20. a special spanner reserves a hole; 21. a load-bearing wire rope; 22. the contact surface of the second clamping block and the third stop block; 23. and a third stop block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
The invention provides an automatic deceleration speed reducing device, which comprises an automatic deceleration speed reducing cabin and an automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding rope 8, wherein:
The automatic speed-reducing and sliding-down bin comprises a sliding bin shell, a first upper stop block 151 fixedly arranged in the sliding bin shell, a first lower stop block, a rotating shaft 18 horizontally arranged in the sliding bin shell and a bearing rotating body rotationally connected with the rotating shaft 18;
The bearing rotating body comprises a main body 16 sleeved on the rotating shaft 18, and a first clamping block 171 and a second clamping block 172 which are respectively connected with two ends of the main body 16, wherein the first clamping block 171 is connected with a bearing steel wire rope 21, a through hole is further formed in the sliding cabin shell, and one end of the bearing steel wire rope 21 penetrates out of the sliding cabin shell through the through hole;
The upper end and the lower end of the sliding cabin shell are respectively provided with an opening, and the automatic deceleration and rapid descent sliding rope 8 can sequentially pass through the upper end opening and the main body 16 and pass out from the lower end opening;
The bearing rotating body is kept at an initial position when no external force is applied, and a gap exists between the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope 8 and the first upper stop block 151 and the first lower stop block; when the load-bearing steel wire rope 21 is pulled by external force, the load-bearing rotating body can rotate, and the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8 is respectively clamped between the first upper stop block 151 and the second stop block 172 and between the first lower stop block 152 and the first stop block 171; and a reset spring is arranged between the bearing rotating body and the sliding cabin shell, and the reset spring can enable the bearing rotating body to return to the initial position after the external force disappears.
The automatic deceleration speed descending sliding cabin is sleeved on the automatic deceleration speed descending sliding rope 8, and the bearing steel wire rope 21 is usually connected with a safety belt on the body of the evacuee; when the load-bearing steel wire rope 21 is pulled by the self weight of the evacuee, the load-bearing rotating body rotates to clamp the automatic deceleration and rapid descent slide rope 8 between the first clamping block 171 and the first upper stop block 151 and between the second clamping block 172 and the first lower stop block 152 of the load-bearing rotating body, so that the automatic deceleration and rapid descent slide rope 8 is clamped between the first clamping block 171 and the first upper stop block 151 and between the second clamping block 172 and the first lower stop block 152 along with the falling process of the evacuee to obtain sliding friction force, and the evacuee can quickly fall at a high enough speed without danger; when the external force applied to the bearing rotating body is relieved, the reset spring can also enable the bearing rotating body to return to the initial position, so that the bearing rotating body does not rotate when not bearing the weight, a cavity in the main body 16 of the bearing rotating body can form a straight line with an upper end opening and a lower end opening to form a chute channel 15, so that the automatic deceleration and rapid-lowering sliding rope 8 is conveniently assembled into a chute, and the automatic deceleration and rapid-lowering sliding bin is conveniently separated from the automatic deceleration and rapid-lowering sliding rope 8; the tail end of the rotating shaft 18 is also provided with a clamp spring for locking the bearing rotating body, so that the bearing rotating body cannot fall off from the shaft; under the premise of better speed reduction effect, the speed reduction sliding bin is simple in structure, low in processing and manufacturing cost and convenient to use, and can automatically and quickly reduce to the ground by being worn without holding or other operations of an evacuee.
As an alternative embodiment, the automatic deceleration and deceleration rope 8 includes a deceleration zone at the upper end and a deceleration zone at the lower end, the diameter of the deceleration zone is uniform, the diameter of the deceleration zone is not smaller than the diameter of the deceleration zone, and the diameter of the deceleration zone is gradually increased from top to bottom.
The automatic deceleration speed descending sliding rope 8 is divided into a speed descending area and a deceleration area, the diameter of the speed descending area sliding rope is smaller, the friction between the friction wall of the sliding groove in the sliding cabin and the sliding rope is not very large when the automatic deceleration speed descending sliding cabin slides downwards, and the sliding speed of the sliding cabin is very high; one end of the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8 is fixed on a device which protrudes out of the side wall of the high-rise building and can fix the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8, and the lower end of the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope hangs down by dead weight at a position close to the ground, such as a distance of about 150cm from the ground; the last 5-10 meters of the automatic deceleration and deceleration rope 8 is set as a deceleration zone, and the specific length of the deceleration zone can be determined according to actual experimental data. The diameter of the automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding rope 8 is gradually increased in the deceleration area, so that friction between a curved chute in the automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding bin and friction particles on the surface layer of the automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding rope 8 is increased, and the sliding speed of the automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding bin is rapidly reduced;
The automatic deceleration and deceleration rope 8 must be able to withstand the considerable weight and inertia that occurs when the automatic deceleration and deceleration cartridge is slid down through the deceleration zone: the self weight of the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8+the body weight of an evacuee (a plurality of persons must be considered to be simultaneously arranged on one sliding rope at the same time) +the inertia force generated during deceleration, and the maximum tensile force born by the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8 is generally considered to be more than 3 times of the sum of the plurality of forces, so that the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8 must have good wear resistance and bearing performance; the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope 8 is composed of a 3-layer structure: the 1 st layer is a steel wire rope or an iron chain with strong bearing capacity from inside to outside, the 2 nd layer is a fiber composite material with high fire resistance, high toughness and high wear resistance, and the 3 rd layer is a particulate matter with high hardness and high wear resistance.
The weight of people is very different and the friction force required when people with different weights slide down is different. The automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8 cannot change at any time, so that the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding cabin can be adjusted only to adapt to people with different weights. The place where the adjustment is made is the angle of rotation of the load-bearing rotator. The larger the rotation angle of the bearing rotating body is, the tighter the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8 is clamped, the larger the friction force is, and the smaller the friction force is otherwise. The two places are only places for adjusting the friction force between the sliding groove and the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8 when the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding bin slides downwards, and the specific setting is determined according to repeated experimental data when designing a product. The sliding speed of the escaper is closely related to the weight and the friction force, if a person with a large body weight uses an automatic deceleration sliding cabin with small friction force, the sliding speed of the escaper can be too high, and when the escaper falls on an air cushion after being separated from an escape passage, the escaper can be injured due to too high impact force. If a person with small weight uses an automatic deceleration speed reduction sliding cabin with large friction force, the speed of sliding down is too slow, and particularly when the person passes through a deceleration zone, the person can be blocked in the deceleration zone and cannot escape from an escape passage because the friction force is too large due to the small weight. Therefore, the automatic deceleration and rapid-reduction sliding bin is divided into different types according to different body weights, and the user needs to sit in a corresponding seat when using the automatic deceleration and rapid-reduction sliding bin.
As an alternative embodiment, the first clamping block 171 and the second clamping block 172 are respectively provided with a special wrench preformed hole, and the special wrench can be inserted into the special wrench preformed hole and adjust the initial position of the bearing rotating body in the sliding cabin shell.
The bearing rotating body is provided with two special spanner preformed holes, and after the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding cabin bears the body weight of an evacuee, if the rotating angle of the bearing rotating body is not in place, the special spanner can be inserted into the special spanner preformed holes to rotate the bearing rotating body in place.
As an alternative implementation mode, a small door is arranged on the sliding cabin shell, a reed is arranged in the small door, and at least part of the section of the automatic deceleration and speed reduction sliding rope 8 is clamped between the reeds; the inside of the slide house shell is also provided with a second upper stop 153 and a second lower stop 154, and partial sections of the automatic deceleration and deceleration slide rope 8 are respectively positioned between the first upper stop 151 and the second upper stop 153, and the first lower stop 152 and the second lower stop 154.
The small door can be opened and closed, the small door on the automatic deceleration descending sliding cabin is opened, the automatic deceleration descending sliding rope 8 can be installed in the sliding groove, and the small door is closed and is inserted with a special bolt to lock the small door; the position of the small door corresponding to the reserved hole of the wrench is provided with a circular hole, so that the small door can be inserted into the circular hole by using a turning wrench without opening the small door, and then the position of the bearing rotating body can be adjusted by inserting the wrench reserved hole;
The two reeds are arranged on the inward side of the small door and used for pressing the automatic deceleration and sliding rope 8 after the small door is closed, and the friction force between the automatic deceleration and sliding bin and the automatic deceleration and sliding peanut is increased in the sliding process of the automatic deceleration and sliding bin, so that the evacuee is prevented from falling too fast;
The sliding cabin shell is also connected with a sliding cabin lifting rope 11, the sliding cabin lifting rope 11 can be detachably connected with a fixed ring 12 on the ceiling, and when the sliding cabin is used, the sliding cabin lifting rope can be detached from the fixed ring 12 to be matched with the automatic deceleration and rapid descent sliding rope 8.
As an alternative embodiment, the inner wall of the sliding cabin shell is provided with a third stop block 23, and when the bearing steel wire rope 21 is pulled by external force to rotate the bearing rotating body, the third stop block 23 can collide with the second clamping block 172 and keep the minimum gap between the first upper stop block 151 and the second clamping block 172.
When the bearing rotating body bears the weight to rotate for a certain angle, the third stop block 23 on the bin wall of the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding bin can block the second clamping block 172 on the edge of the bearing rotating body, so that the bearing rotating body can only rotate for a set angle, the minimum gap between the first upper stop block 151 and the second clamping block 172 is ensured, and the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope 8 is prevented from being blocked to cause the escape person to be unable to slide downwards; the connection part between the first clamping block 171 and the bearing steel wire rope 21 is a bearing point 19, the lower end of the bearing steel wire rope 21 is provided with a connecting ring 13, and the bearing steel wire rope 21 is connected with the safety belt of the evacuee through the connecting ring 13.
The invention also provides a high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-lowering escape system comprising the automatic deceleration rapid-lowering device, the high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-lowering escape system further comprises an escape bin arranged in a building, a fireproof door communicated with the interior of the building is arranged on the escape bin, and a fireproof heat-insulating layer is arranged in the escape bin.
The high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-descending escape system can provide a temporary emergency shelter space for trapped people when the high-rise fire occurs, and can also help the trapped people to rapidly descend from the escape bin to the ground. Under the condition that no fire disaster occurs, the high-rise fire disaster smoke-avoiding rapid-descent escape system can also be used as a fire-fighting exercise or training facility to escape tools for staff in high-rise buildings. The high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-falling escape system is simple to operate, safe and reliable, high in escape efficiency and capable of being popularized in a large area;
In order to ensure that all trapped people can successfully escape, the escape bin is arranged on the top layer of the high-rise building, so that people below the fire floor can be evacuated through the safety channel, the trapped people above the fire floor can be gathered to the escape bin, the fire door of the escape bin enters the escape bin, then the fire door is closed to isolate big fire in the high-rise building, and the inside of the escape bin uniformly escapes.
As an alternative embodiment, at least part of the escape cabin extends out from the side wall of the building, the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8 is detachably and fixedly connected with the ceiling or the side wall or other fixing devices inside the escape cabin, an escape well 14 is arranged on the floor of the escape cabin corresponding to the position right below the automatic deceleration and deceleration sliding rope 8, and the escape well 14 is arranged at the part of the escape cabin extending out from the side wall of the building.
In order to enable the automatic deceleration and descent control rope 8 to naturally sag, the established escape passage can be separated from a building by a certain distance, and trapped persons cannot collide with the building and be injured when descending from the escape passage; at least a portion of the escape capsule extends from the side wall of the building, and escape well 14 (circular) is disposed at a portion of the escape capsule extending from the side wall of the building; the escape bin is internally provided with a plurality of escape wells 14, so that a plurality of escape channels can be established, the escape efficiency is improved, and more people can be more effectively helped to escape when trapped people are numerous.
As an alternative embodiment, a smoke-proof and fire-proof channel 5 is connected to the escape well 14, and the smoke-proof and fire-proof channel 5 extends from the bottom of the escape well 14 to above the ground.
The smoke-avoiding fireproof channel 5 is a cylindrical channel sewn by fireproof cloth with good fire resistance, poor air permeability and light weight, and naturally falls from an escape well 14 arranged on the floor of the escape bin. If the length of the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel 5 is too long, a bearing rope is also needed to be arranged to help the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel bear the self weight. When the fire disaster occurs in the high-rise building, the fire layer is over the fire layer and is rich in fire, and the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel 5 can prevent the evacuee from being hurt by the fire and the rich in smoke in the process of rapidly descending from the escape bin. One end of the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel 5 is fixed on a metal ring 6, the diameter of the metal ring 6 is required to be larger than that of the escape well 14, one end of the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel 5 passes through the escape well 14 to drop above the ground, and the other end of the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel is fixed on the escape well 14 through the metal ring 6.
As an alternative implementation mode, the high-rise fire smoke-avoidance rapid-descent escape system further comprises an air conveying channel 2, the upper end of the air conveying channel 2 is connected with the ceiling of the escape cabin, an air conveying channel 2 well is further arranged on the floor of the escape cabin at a position corresponding to the air conveying channel 2, the other end of the air conveying channel 2 can be placed on the ground through the air conveying channel 2 well and is communicated with the air outlet of the air blower 4, and the air conveying channel 2 well is arranged at the part of the escape cabin extending from the side wall of the building.
Fire is certainly accompanied by dense smoke, and most victims in the fire die from dense smoke. The first thing after the fire disaster trapped person enters the escape cabin 1 is to put down the air conveying channel 2 from the specially arranged air conveying channel 2 well, and the ground receiver also connects the air conveying channel 2 with the blower 4 to convey fresh air for the escape cabin 1 at the first time, because the escape cabin 1 can become a safe shelter space for the trapped person in the whole fire disaster process only by inputting the fresh air. The air conveying channel 2 is sewn by refractory cloth with good fire resistance, poor air permeability and light weight, and if the length is too long, a bearing rope can be arranged to help the air conveying channel to bear the self weight; in order to enable the air tree hole channel to naturally drop, the air conveying channel 2 well is arranged at the part of the escape bin extending out of the side wall of the building.
As an alternative embodiment, an inflatable air cushion 7 is also arranged on the ground corresponding to the lower part of the escape well 14.
When the evacuee slides down the automatic deceleration rate lowering slide rope 8, the lowering speed is fast before the evacuee does not pass through the deceleration zone of the automatic deceleration rate lowering slide rope 8. When passing through the deceleration zone, the escape device can quickly slow down, and when falling on the inflatable cushion 7 from the escape passage, the escape device has a certain impact force, and the inflatable cushion 7 is required to hold the escaper at the moment, so that the escaper is prevented from being damaged due to the buffering of the inflatable cushion 7;
the inflatable cushion 7 is designed into a right trapezoid, the right angle is close to a wall, and the trapezoid outwards facilitates the evacuee to leave the inflatable cushion quickly; the escapers fall onto the inflatable cushion 7 and need to leave quickly, because the escapers continuously slide down on the automatic deceleration and rapid descent slide rope 8, if necessary, the escapers are required to be connected by the professional training staff beside the inflatable cushion 7, and the ambulances and the medical staff wait on site; the receiving personnel on the ground releases the safety belt and the automatic deceleration and rapid-descent cabin on the body of the evacuee after the evacuee arrives at the ground;
The escape cabin is also internally provided with a recovery winch, one end of the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope 8 is detachably and fixedly connected to the winch, and the other end of the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope penetrates through the fixed pulley 9 above the escape well 14 and naturally hangs down above the escape well 14. If the number of the safety belts and the automatic deceleration and sliding reduction bins arranged in the escape bin is insufficient, the recovery winch can be started immediately to recover the safety belts and the automatic deceleration and sliding reduction bins which are used by the escapers to the ground. The recovery winch is used for recovering the safety belt and the automatic speed-down and speed-down sliding cabin when a fire disaster occurs, and also can be used for recovering the air conveying channel 2 and the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel 5 after the fire disaster occurs.
When a fire disaster occurs, the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel 5 is firstly arranged on the escape well 14, the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope 8 passes through the middle of the smoke-avoiding fireproof channel 5 and falls above the inflatable air cushion 7, and the length of the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope 8 is preferably set to be about 1.5 meters above the air cushion.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic deceleration speed reducing device is characterized by comprising an automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding cabin and an automatic deceleration speed reducing sliding rope, wherein:
the automatic speed reduction and sliding cabin comprises a sliding cabin shell, a first upper stop block, a first lower stop block, a rotating shaft and a bearing rotating body, wherein the first upper stop block and the first lower stop block are fixedly arranged in the sliding cabin shell, the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged in the sliding cabin shell, and the bearing rotating body is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft;
The bearing rotating body comprises a main body sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a first clamping block and a second clamping block which are respectively connected with two ends of the main body, wherein the first clamping block is connected with a bearing steel wire rope, a through hole is further formed in the sliding cabin shell, and one end of the bearing steel wire rope penetrates out of the sliding cabin shell through the through hole;
The automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope can sequentially pass through the upper end opening, the main body and the lower end opening;
The bearing rotating body is kept at an initial position when no external force is applied, and a gap exists between the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope and the first upper stop block and between the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope and the first lower stop block; when the bearing steel wire rope is pulled by external force, the bearing rotating body can rotate, and the automatic deceleration speed-reducing sliding rope is respectively clamped between the first upper stop block and the second stop block and between the first lower stop block and the first stop block; and a reset spring is further arranged between the bearing rotating body and the sliding cabin shell, and the reset spring can enable the bearing rotating body to return to an initial position after external force disappears.
2. An automatic deceleration speed reducing device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic deceleration speed reducing rope includes a speed reducing region at an upper end and a deceleration region at a lower end, the speed reducing region has a uniform diameter, the diameter of the deceleration region is not smaller than the diameter of the speed reducing region, and the diameter of the deceleration region gradually increases from top to bottom.
3. The automatic deceleration and rapid lowering device according to claim 1, wherein a small door is arranged on the sliding cabin shell, a reed is arranged in the small door, and at least part of the section of the automatic deceleration and rapid lowering sliding rope is clamped between the reeds; the automatic speed reduction sliding rope is characterized in that a second upper stop block and a second lower stop block are further arranged in the sliding cabin shell, and partial sections of the automatic speed reduction sliding rope are respectively positioned between the first upper stop block and the second upper stop block, and between the first lower stop block and the second lower stop block.
4. The automatic deceleration and rapid lowering device according to claim 1, wherein a third block is provided on an inner wall of the slide housing, and the third block is capable of abutting against the second block and maintaining a minimum gap between the first upper block and the second block when the load-bearing steel wire rope is pulled by an external force to rotate the load-bearing rotating body.
5. The automatic speed reduction and quick lowering device according to claim 1, wherein the first clamping block and the second clamping block are respectively provided with a special wrench preformed hole, and a special wrench can be inserted into the special wrench preformed hole and can adjust and set the initial position of the bearing rotating body in the sliding cabin shell.
6. The high-rise fire smoke-avoiding rapid-falling escape system is characterized by comprising an escape bin arranged in a top layer of a building, wherein a fireproof door communicated with the interior of the building is arranged on the escape bin, and a fireproof heat-insulating layer is arranged in the escape bin; the escape bin is also internally provided with the automatic deceleration and rapid descent device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The high-rise fire smoke-avoidance rapid-lowering escape system according to claim 6, wherein at least part of the escape cabin extends from a side wall of a building, the automatic deceleration rapid-lowering slide rope is detachably and fixedly connected with a ceiling or a side wall or other fixing devices inside the escape cabin, an escape well is arranged on the floor of the escape cabin corresponding to the position right below the automatic deceleration rapid-lowering slide rope, and the escape well is arranged at the part of the escape cabin extending from the side wall of the building.
8. The high-rise fire smoke-avoidance rapid-descent escape system of claim 7 wherein the escape pit is connected with a smoke-avoidance fire-protection channel extending from a bottom of the escape pit to above ground.
9. The high-rise fire smoke-avoidance rapid-descent escape system according to claim 8, further comprising an air conveying passage, wherein an upper end of the air conveying passage is connected with a ceiling of the escape compartment, an air conveying passage well is further provided on a floor of the escape compartment at a position corresponding to the air conveying passage, and the other end of the air conveying passage can be placed to the ground through the air conveying passage well and is communicated with an air outlet of a blower, and the air conveying passage well is provided at a portion of the escape compartment extending from a side wall of a building.
10. The high-rise fire smoke-avoidance rapid-descent escape system according to claim 9, wherein an inflatable air cushion is further provided on the ground corresponding to the lower portion of the escape well.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910793885.8A CN110339497B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Automatic deceleration and rapid descent device and smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system for high-rise fire disaster |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910793885.8A CN110339497B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Automatic deceleration and rapid descent device and smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system for high-rise fire disaster |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110339497A CN110339497A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
| CN110339497B true CN110339497B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
Family
ID=68181244
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910793885.8A Active CN110339497B (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Automatic deceleration and rapid descent device and smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system for high-rise fire disaster |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110339497B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111097110B (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-11-27 | 福建省高华建设工程有限公司 | High-rise building safety escape device |
| CN114984472B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-12-06 | 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司 | Face and build board house fire control system of fleing |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191210942A (en) * | 1912-05-08 | 1913-02-27 | Giuseppe Pietro Ottino | An Improved Frictional Rope Grip. |
| CN101961531A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-02-02 | 西北工业大学 | Controllable permanent magnet eddy escape device |
| CN202478427U (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-10-10 | 桂林电子科技大学 | High building escape device |
| CN204147446U (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-02-11 | 许洪元 | High-rise fire escape apparatus |
| CN205108796U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏林燚实业有限公司 | Locking clamps puts |
| CN208809331U (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-05-03 | 乐清市盛邦安防有限公司 | One kind preventing flurried lowering means |
| CN211634944U (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-10-09 | 张金华 | Automatic speed reduction and rapid descent device and high-rise fire smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system |
-
2019
- 2019-08-27 CN CN201910793885.8A patent/CN110339497B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191210942A (en) * | 1912-05-08 | 1913-02-27 | Giuseppe Pietro Ottino | An Improved Frictional Rope Grip. |
| CN101961531A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-02-02 | 西北工业大学 | Controllable permanent magnet eddy escape device |
| CN202478427U (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-10-10 | 桂林电子科技大学 | High building escape device |
| CN204147446U (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-02-11 | 许洪元 | High-rise fire escape apparatus |
| CN205108796U (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏林燚实业有限公司 | Locking clamps puts |
| CN208809331U (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-05-03 | 乐清市盛邦安防有限公司 | One kind preventing flurried lowering means |
| CN211634944U (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-10-09 | 张金华 | Automatic speed reduction and rapid descent device and high-rise fire smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110339497A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN201171870Y (en) | Tower escape device | |
| CN110339497B (en) | Automatic deceleration and rapid descent device and smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system for high-rise fire disaster | |
| CN210131264U (en) | High-rise escape device | |
| CN104740790B (en) | A kind of fire of high-rise building device for refuge and escape | |
| KR101035081B1 (en) | Fire escape apparatus | |
| CN102649006A (en) | Building fire escape system and refuge capsule | |
| KR100701790B1 (en) | Fire suppression and life structure elevator system of skyscraper | |
| CN201855512U (en) | High-rise fire and earthquake escape device | |
| CN211634944U (en) | Automatic speed reduction and rapid descent device and high-rise fire smoke-avoiding and rapid descent escape system | |
| KR101976476B1 (en) | Eleavting device to prevent disasters such as fire | |
| CN103893924A (en) | Prompt drop escaping system of super high-rise building | |
| CN104667441B (en) | Folding escape box for storied building | |
| CN203998530U (en) | A kind of high building personnel are escape system fast and safely | |
| CN101940818A (en) | Emergent escape system of multi-level flexible slides in high-rise building | |
| CN210422413U (en) | Fire prevention accuse fire device | |
| CN209154929U (en) | A kind of blessing storehouse and wall-mounted slideway escaping device from fire disaster | |
| KR100613879B1 (en) | A rescue apparatus for a parapet | |
| US20190060680A1 (en) | Emergency escape apparatus for high-rise evacuation | |
| CN211097116U (en) | Two-way rescue device that flees of high-rise conflagration | |
| KR101197519B1 (en) | A descending device for escape | |
| KR101105333B1 (en) | parachute survival equipment | |
| CN2882681Y (en) | Civil lifesaving device for high building disaster | |
| CN110075436A (en) | Skyscraper disjunctor escaping slideway | |
| CN104958841B (en) | A kind of fire fast-escape machine | |
| CN204092870U (en) | The horizontal emergency escape overline bridge of skyscraper |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |