CN110326484A - A kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy - Google Patents

A kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110326484A
CN110326484A CN201910413897.3A CN201910413897A CN110326484A CN 110326484 A CN110326484 A CN 110326484A CN 201910413897 A CN201910413897 A CN 201910413897A CN 110326484 A CN110326484 A CN 110326484A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
per acre
grape
organic fertilizer
kilograms
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Pending
Application number
CN201910413897.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周咏梅
张劲
韩佳宇
谢太理
谢林君
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201910413897.3A priority Critical patent/CN110326484A/en
Publication of CN110326484A publication Critical patent/CN110326484A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy, including winter fertilising, straw-returning, organic fertilizer pouring root, foliage-spray organic fertilizer, in the ranks broadcast sowing green manure seed.The present invention improves soil organic matter content, soil calcium content, yield, soluble solid content, reduces fruit titratable acid, and reduces 25%-30% fertilizer application amount.

Description

A kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy
Technical field
The invention belongs to wine-growing technical fields, specifically, being related to a kind of side of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy Method.
Background technique
China is exactly a large agricultural country since ancient times, and since entering information age 21 century, the peasant in China is Previous fertilization mode is changed, from ancient times to the present, peasant's fertilising is all organic fertilizer, as excrement etc., after reform and opening-up, technology Personnel have investigated chemical fertilizer, i.e., the chemistry addition fertilizer of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium more effectively can remove disease by desinsection to fertilize, people open Beginning replaces the natural fertilizers such as excrement using chemical fertilizer.However, chemical fertilizer is chemical substance after all, its other chemical drugs contained therein Agent is all a kind of injury to people, the earth and natural environment.In recent years, since peasant exceedingly uses chemical fertilizer, cause land pollution, Soil erosion and water pollution cause very big injury to environment.
Grape is a kind of important industrial crops in Guangxi, and more than 50 ten thousand mu of long-term cultivated area, is the master that increasing peasant income are got rich Want source.But since orchard worker pursues maximization of economic benefit simply, fertilizer application amount is excessive, and fertilizer damage is on the rise, soil property Deteriorate, environmental pollution, quality decline, it is frequent to form a variety of physiological diseases such as grape root system death, yellowing leaf, dehiscent fruit, decayed fruit Occur, grape industry development and food safety are seriously threatened.
Therefore, developing a kind of grape chemical fertilizer decrement synergisting method, it is very important.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to above-mentioned problem, a kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy is provided.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of methods of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy, including Following steps:
1) early January, after winter vintage, ditching-fertilizing, earthing；
2) after early Febuary trimming, discarded grape branch is collected, is crushed with grape branch pulverizer, particle after crushing is made Length 1-2cm, smashed branch concentration are stacked at fermentation zone and carry out compost treatment；Be added water, cow dung, conch meal, then plus Enter organic fertilizer fermentation agent, fermentation fertilizer is prepared, early July after the harvesting of summer grape, applies in ditch, applies 1000- per acre 1500 kilograms of fermentation fertilizer, earthing；
3) after winter and summer pruning, medication liquid irrigating root is poured from trunk toward root；
4) June and grape fruit veraison in November, blade face is sprayed with medical fluid；
5) early January after the harvesting of winter grape, in the ranks broadcasts sowing green manure seed, and seed variety is Hairy vetch, sowing 3 centimeters of depth, 3-5 kilograms of application rate per acre；It is turned over May to tree disk；Annular ditch is opened at 30 centimeters of trunk, is turned over Enter in ditch, turns over 750-850 kilograms per acre of fresh grass amount, earthing.
Optionally, the ditching-fertilizing in the step 1) specifically: opened at 40 centimeters of trunk along plantation direction Strip groove 2, ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm, biological organic fertilizer is put into ditch, applies 1000 kilograms per acre, on biological organic fertilizer It is even to spread fertilizer over the fields each 20,000 grams/acre of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate.
Optionally, the branch in the step 2), water, cow dung, conch meal ratio are 8-12:8-12:3-8:1-3.
Optionally, the organic fertilizer fermentation agent in the step 2) is EM bacteria agent, smashed branch per ton, water, cow dung and Organic fertilizer leavening 800-1200ml is added in shell powder mixture.
Optionally, the amount of application of the fermentation fertilizer in the step 2) is 1000-1500 kilograms per acre.
Optionally, the medical fluid in the step 3) is special agriculture rich 1000 times of organic fertilizer+double 5000 times of strong auxiliary agent, medicine long The dosage of liquid is 650-750 kilograms per acre.
Optionally, the medical fluid in the step 4) is special agriculture rich 2000 times of organic fertilizer+double 6000 times of strong auxiliary agent, medicine long The dosage of liquid is 55-65 kilograms per acre.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be obtained including following technical effect:
1) present invention improves soil organic matter content 3-5%, improves soil calcium content 3-5%.
2) present invention reduces 25%-30% fertilizer application amount.
3) present invention improves yield 5-10%, improves soluble solid content 10-15%, reduces fruit titratable acid 5- 10%.
Certainly, it implements any of the products of the present invention it is not absolutely required to while reaching all the above technical effect.
Specific embodiment
Carry out the embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, whereby to the present invention how application technology hand Section solves technical problem and reaches the realization process of technical effect to fully understand and implement.
The invention discloses a kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy, including it is winter fertilising, straw-returning, organic Fertile pouring root, in the ranks broadcasts sowing green manure seed at foliage-spray organic fertilizer, the specific steps are as follows:
1) early January, after winter vintage, ditching-fertilizing；It is opened at 40 centimeters of trunk along plantation direction Strip groove 2, ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm；It is put into biological organic fertilizer in ditch, applies 800-1200 kilograms per acre.Biological organic fertilizer On uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields thousand grams/acre of each 15-25 of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate；Earthing.
2) after early Febuary trimming, discarded grape branch is collected, is crushed with grape branch pulverizer, particle after crushing is made Length 1-2cm.Smashed branch concentration is stacked at fermentation zone and carries out compost treatment.Water, cow dung, conch meal is added；Branch, Water, cow dung, conch meal ratio are 8-12:8-12:3-8:1-3.Then organic fertilizer fermentation agent (EM bacteria agent) is added, after crushing per ton Branch, water, add organic fertilizer leavening 800-1200ml in cow dung and shell powder mixture, fermentation fertilizer is prepared.On July Ten days after the harvesting of summer grape, applies in ditch, applies 1000-1500 kilograms of fermentation fertilizer per acre；Earthing.
3) after winter and summer pruning, long 1000 times of rich (a kind of organic fertilizer)+double strong (a kind of auxiliary agent) with special agriculture 5000 times of pouring roots are poured from trunk toward root, fill 650-750 kilograms of medical fluid per acre.
4) June and grape fruit veraison in November, strong (a kind of long 2000 times of rich (a kind of organic fertilizer)+double with special agriculture Auxiliary agent) 6000 times spray blade face, spray 55-65 kilograms of medical fluid per acre.
5) early January after the harvesting of winter grape, in the ranks broadcasts sowing green manure seed, and seed variety is Hairy vetch.Sowing 3 centimeters of depth, 3-5 kilograms of application rate per acre.It is turned over May to tree disk.Annular ditch is opened at 30 centimeters of trunk, is turned over Enter in ditch, turns over 750-850 kilograms per acre of fresh grass amount, earthing.
Embodiment 1
1) early January, after winter vintage, ditching-fertilizing.It is opened at 40 centimeters of trunk along plantation direction Strip groove 2, ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm.It is put into biological organic fertilizer in ditch, applies 1000 kilograms per acre.On biological organic fertilizer It is even to spread fertilizer over the fields each 20,000 grams/acre of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate.Earthing.
2) after early Febuary trimming, discarded grape branch is collected, is crushed with grape branch pulverizer, particle after crushing is made Length 1-2cm.Smashed branch concentration is stacked at fermentation zone and carries out compost treatment.Water, cow dung, conch meal is added.Branch, Water, cow dung, conch meal ratio are 10:10:5:2.Then organic fertilizer fermentation agent (EM bacteria agent) is added, smashed branch per ton, 1000ml is added in water, cow dung and shell powder mixture.Early July after the harvesting of summer grape, applies in ditch, applies per acre 1200 kilograms.Earthing.
3) after winter and summer pruning, long 1000 times of rich (a kind of organic fertilizer)+double strong (a kind of auxiliary agent) with special agriculture 5000 times of pouring roots are poured from trunk toward root, fill 700 kilograms of medical fluids per acre.
4) June and grape fruit veraison in November, strong (a kind of long 2000 times of rich (a kind of organic fertilizer)+double with special agriculture Auxiliary agent) 6000 times spray blade face, spray 60 kilograms of medical fluids per acre.
5) early January after the harvesting of winter grape, in the ranks broadcasts sowing green manure seed, and seed variety is Hairy vetch.Sowing 3 centimeters of depth, 4 kilograms of application rate per acre.It is turned over May to tree disk.Open annular ditch at 30 centimeters of trunk, turn over into In ditch, 800 kilograms per acre of fresh grass amount are turned over.Earthing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy, including winter fertilising, straw-returning, organic fertilizer pouring root, blade face It sprays organic fertilizer, in the ranks broadcast sowing green manure seed, the specific steps are as follows:
1) early January, after winter vintage, ditching-fertilizing；It is opened at 40 centimeters of trunk along plantation direction Strip groove 2, ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm；It is put into biological organic fertilizer in ditch, applies 800 kilograms per acre.On biological organic fertilizer uniformly Spread fertilizer over the fields each 25,000 grams/acre of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate；Earthing.
2) after early Febuary trimming, discarded grape branch is collected, is crushed with grape branch pulverizer, particle after crushing is made Length 1cm.Smashed branch concentration is stacked at fermentation zone and carries out compost treatment.Water, cow dung, conch meal is added；Branch, water, Cow dung, conch meal ratio are 8:12:3:3.Then organic fertilizer fermentation agent (EM bacteria agent) is added, smashed branch per ton, water, ox 800ml is added in excrement and shell powder mixture, fermentation fertilizer is prepared.Early July after the harvesting of summer grape, applies in ditch, 1500 kilograms of fermentation fertilizer are applied per acre；Earthing.
3) after winter and summer pruning, long 1000 times of rich (a kind of organic fertilizer)+double strong (a kind of auxiliary agent) with special agriculture 5000 times of pouring roots are poured from trunk toward root, fill 650 kilograms of medical fluids per acre.
4) June and grape fruit veraison in November, strong (a kind of long 2000 times of rich (a kind of organic fertilizer)+double with special agriculture Auxiliary agent) 6000 times spray blade face, spray 65 kilograms of medical fluids per acre.
5) early January after the harvesting of winter grape, in the ranks broadcasts sowing green manure seed, and seed variety is Hairy vetch.Sowing 3 centimeters of depth, 3 kilograms of application rate per acre.It is turned over May to tree disk.Open annular ditch at 30 centimeters of trunk, turn over into In ditch, 850 kilograms per acre of fresh grass amount are turned over, earthing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy, including winter fertilising, straw-returning, organic fertilizer pouring root, blade face It sprays organic fertilizer, in the ranks broadcast sowing green manure seed, the specific steps are as follows:
1) early January, after winter vintage, ditching-fertilizing；It is opened at 40 centimeters of trunk along plantation direction Strip groove 2, ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm；It is put into biological organic fertilizer in ditch, applies 1200 kilograms per acre.On biological organic fertilizer It is even to spread fertilizer over the fields thousand grams/acre of each 15-25 of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate；Earthing.
2) after early Febuary trimming, discarded grape branch is collected, is crushed with grape branch pulverizer, particle after crushing is made Length 1-2cm.Smashed branch concentration is stacked at fermentation zone and carries out compost treatment.Water, cow dung, conch meal is added；Branch, Water, cow dung, conch meal ratio are 12:8:8:1.Then organic fertilizer fermentation agent (EM bacteria agent) is added, smashed branch per ton, 1200ml is added in water, cow dung and shell powder mixture, fermentation fertilizer is prepared.Early July after the harvesting of summer grape, applies In ditch, 1000 kilograms of fermentation fertilizer are applied per acre；Earthing.
3) after winter and summer pruning, long 1000 times of rich (a kind of organic fertilizer)+double strong (a kind of auxiliary agent) with special agriculture 5000 times of pouring roots are poured from trunk toward root, fill 750 kilograms of medical fluids per acre.
4) June and grape fruit veraison in November, strong (a kind of long 2000 times of rich (a kind of organic fertilizer)+double with special agriculture Auxiliary agent) 6000 times spray blade face, spray 55 kilograms of medical fluids per acre.
5) early January after the harvesting of winter grape, in the ranks broadcasts sowing green manure seed, and seed variety is Hairy vetch.Sowing 3 centimeters of depth, 5 kilograms of application rate per acre.It is turned over May to tree disk.Open annular ditch at 30 centimeters of trunk, turn over into In ditch, 750 kilograms per acre of fresh grass amount are turned over, earthing.
Comparative example 1
A kind of upper conventional cultural method of vinifera production, including fertilising, trimming, fruit expanding period top dressing, fruit turn The top dressing of color phase presses down careless cloth covering, the specific steps are as follows:
1) early January spreads fertilizer over the fields 800-1200 kilograms of organic fertilizer (cow dung or chicken in tree disk after winter vintage per acre Excrement), uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields thousand grams/acre of each 15-25 of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate；Earthing.Late July, after summer vintage, 500-800 kilograms of organic fertilizer (cow dung or chicken manure) is spread fertilizer over the fields per acre on tree disk.
2) after early Febuary winter pruning and early August summer pruning, the branch after trimming is collected burn or be transported to it is outer Face soot abandons.
3) April and September fruit expanding period, tree disk spread fertilizer over the fields 10,000 grams/acre of magnesium sulfate fertilizer；Earthing.
4) June and grape fruit veraison in November, tree disk spread fertilizer over the fields 10,000 grams/acre of magnesium sulfate fertilizer；Earthing.
5) after grape rudiment, press down the weeds of careless cloth to tree disk and in the ranks with black and cover March.Summer in July applies When fertile, the suppression grass cloth around tree disk is opened, is covered again after fertilising.
Illustrate technical effect of the invention below with reference to specific experimental data:
Influence of several comparative examples of 1 embodiment of table to soil and fruit
As shown in Table 1, method of the invention improves soil organic matter content 3-5%, improves soil calcium content 3-5%；Subtract Few 25%-30% fertilizer application amount；Yield 5-10% is improved, soluble solid content 10-15% is improved, reducing fruit can Titrable acid 5-10%.
Above description has shown and described several preferred embodiments of invention, but as previously described, it should be understood that invention is not It is confined to form disclosed herein, should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for various other combinations, modification And environment, and can be carried out within that scope of the inventive concept describe herein by the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge Change.And changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of invention, then it all should be in the appended power of invention In the protection scope that benefit requires.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy, which comprises the following steps:
1) early January, after winter vintage, ditching-fertilizing, earthing；
2) after early Febuary trimming, discarded grape branch is collected, is crushed with grape branch pulverizer, particle length after crushing is made 1-2cm, smashed branch concentration are stacked at fermentation zone and carry out compost treatment；Water, cow dung, conch meal is added, being then added has Fermentation fertilizer is prepared in machine fertilizer leavening, and early July after the harvesting of summer grape, applies in ditch, applies 1000-1500 per acre Kilogram fermentation fertilizer, earthing；
3) after winter and summer pruning, medication liquid irrigating root is poured from trunk toward root；
4) June and grape fruit veraison in November, blade face is sprayed with medical fluid；
5) early January after the harvesting of winter grape, in the ranks broadcasts sowing green manure seed, and seed variety is Hairy vetch, depth of planting 3 centimeters, 3-5 kilograms of application rate per acre；It is turned over May to tree disk；Annular ditch is opened at 30 centimeters of trunk, is turned over into ditch It is interior, 750-850 kilograms per acre of fresh grass amount is turned over, earthing.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the ditching-fertilizing in the step 1) specifically: apart from Portugal Strip groove 2 are opened along plantation direction at 40 centimeters of grape trunk, and ditch depth 30cm, wide 30cm are put into biological organic fertilizer in ditch, apply per acre Enter 1000 kilograms, each 20,000 grams/acre of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate are uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields on biological organic fertilizer.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein branch, water, cow dung, conch meal ratio in the step 2) Example is 8-12:8-12:3-8:1-3.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein organic fertilizer fermentation agent in the step 2) is EM bacteria agent, Organic fertilizer leavening 800-1200ml is added in smashed branch per ton, water, cow dung and shell powder mixture.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of application of the fermentation fertilizer in the step 2) is per acre 1000-1500 kilograms.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the medical fluid in the step 3) is special agriculture rich organic fertilizer long 1000 times+double 5000 times of strong auxiliary agent, the dosage of medical fluid is 650-750 kilograms per acre.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the medical fluid in the step 4) is special agriculture rich organic fertilizer long 2000 times+double 6000 times of strong auxiliary agent, the dosage of medical fluid is 55-65 kilograms per acre.
CN201910413897.3A 2019-05-17 2019-05-17 A kind of method of vinifera Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied synergy Pending CN110326484A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN107517816A (en) * 2017-09-24 2017-12-29 曲沃县万乡红肥业有限公司 A kind of outdoor grape chemical fertilizer subtracts the fertilizing method for applying synergy
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CN107517816A (en) * 2017-09-24 2017-12-29 曲沃县万乡红肥业有限公司 A kind of outdoor grape chemical fertilizer subtracts the fertilizing method for applying synergy
CN109168516A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-11 阜阳市颍泉区徽农种植专业合作社 A kind of good quality and high output fertilizing method of grape
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