CN110313427A - A kind of ecology for pearl cultivating is grown cultured pearls system and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of ecology for pearl cultivating is grown cultured pearls system and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110313427A CN110313427A CN201910668405.5A CN201910668405A CN110313427A CN 110313427 A CN110313427 A CN 110313427A CN 201910668405 A CN201910668405 A CN 201910668405A CN 110313427 A CN110313427 A CN 110313427A
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- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000010984 cultured pearl Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenezinc Chemical compound [Zn]=S WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010036590 Premature baby Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000309146 drought grass Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000490567 Pinctada Species 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000009087 Crescentia cujete Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005983 Crescentia cujete Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009797 Lagenaria vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001114 myogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/56—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels for pearl production
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
It grows cultured pearls system and its application method the invention discloses a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating, belong to freshwater aquiculture technical field, a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating is grown cultured pearls system, optimal growing environment can be provided for pearl culturing clam by scientific and reasonable aquaculture management, simultaneously by the way of accurate feeding, nutriment is provided to pearl culturing clam based on sustained release principle, ensure the nutriment intake of pearl culturing clam without largely throwing fertilizer feeding, effect is similarly fed with lesser amount of nutriment to reach, and then reduce unnecessary waste, on the one hand nutriment is effectively and rapidly absorbed convenient for pearl culturing clam, on the other hand the probability of water eutrophication can be reduced, prevent water pollution from threatening the growth of pearl culturing clam, in addition water hyacinth also can be used and absorb the mode of extra nutriment to prevent water eutrophication, and using water hyacinth as The raw material of nutriment completes the transfer and recycling of nutriment, realizes maximally utilizing for resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to freshwater aquiculture technical fields, grow cultured pearls more specifically to a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating
System and its application method.
Background technique
Pearl is liked by people masses deeply as a kind of bright and colourful, sparkling and crystal-clear brilliant, rare and rare ornament,
It can be by processing and refining at jewelrys such as various necklaces, bangle, goods of furniture for display rather than for uses.Amino acid and lot of trace member rich in pearl
Element, therefore itself or rare Chinese medicine have effects that clearing heat and detoxicating, arresting convulsion of calming the nerves, eyesight-improving and pain-alleviating, convergence myogenic.
Pearl is divided into natural peral and cultured pearl, pearl 90% currently on the market the above are cultured pearl,
Cultured pearl is divided into seawater pearl and fresh water pearl again, with the continuous growth of population in the world quantity, the consumption of ocean pearl products
Amount also continues to increase, currently, natural peral is seldom, just because of this, developing cultured pearl becomes one of the emphasis of various countries' concern, day
Originally there is more mature pearl cultivation technology, China needs to reinforce study, is the more quick health hair of China's aquaculture industry
Exhibition provides technical support, and the yield of CHINESE FRESHWATER pearl has accounted for first place in the world, but quality is unsatisfactory, currently, the whole nation is annual
The young freshwater mussel of cultivation nearly 10,000,000,000, pearl culturing clam is produced up to 5-8 hundred million, but because mortality caused by freshwater mussel disease, annual quotient
Product pearl oyster and pearl production than being higher by one times or more at present.
Cultured pearl has long history in China, mainly in natural water areas such as river, lakes, or natural, people
Hanging culture pearl in the pond that work is excavated, usually raises together a small amount of filter-feeding fish in water body, and Xiang Shuizhong splashes organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer
Equal cultures swim crop as nacreous bait, however a large amount of manure uses or chemical fertilizer etc., after conventional cultivation throws fertilizer feeding
Freshwater mussel is to absorb quickly endless, and a large amount of organic matter is caused to precipitate, easily causes water eutrophication, while a large amount of fish
Excrement and eat surplus bait residue water bottom deposit, cause water bottom organic matter constantly to accumulate, generation dioxy easy to ferment
To change carbon, leads to water body severe depletion of oxygen, pH value is unbalance, and it easily causes pearl production low or even causes the death of pearl freshwater mussel, and pollute
Water body direct emission easily causes environmental pollution, or even can threaten human health.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecologies for pearl cultivating to educate
Pearl system and its application method, it can provide optimal growing environment by scientific and reasonable aquaculture management for pearl culturing clam, together
The mode of the accurate feeding of Shi Caiyong provides nutriment to pearl culturing clam based on sustained release principle, ensures without largely throwing fertilizer feeding
The nutriment intake of pearl culturing clam similarly feeds effect with lesser amount of nutriment to reach, and then reduction is unnecessary
Waste, on the one hand absorb nutriment effectively and rapidly convenient for pearl culturing clam, on the other hand can reduce water eutrophication
Probability prevents water pollution from threatening the growth of pearl culturing clam, and the mode that water hyacinth absorbs extra nutriment in addition also can be used
Prevent water eutrophication, and using water hyacinth as the raw material of nutriment, complete the transfer and recycling of nutriment,
Realize maximally utilizing for resource.
2. technical solution
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of ecology for pearl cultivating is grown cultured pearls system, including pond of growing cultured pearls, water purifying tank and cesspool, in the water purifying tank
First suction pump is installed, the second suction pump is installed in the cesspool, hanging culture net cage is placed in the pond of growing cultured pearls, it is described
Hanging culture net cage left and right ends are fixedly connected to connecting rod, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected with sliding block far from hanging culture net cage one end,
It is fixedly connected with guide rail on the Chi Zuoyouliangduanbi that grows cultured pearls, and is slidably connected between sliding block and guide rail, the bank in the pond of growing cultured pearls
Side one end is fixedly connected with L-type column, is equipped with the first electric pushrod on the L-type column, first electric pushrod it is defeated
Outlet is fixedly connected with extension rod, and is fixedly connected between extension rod and connecting rod, and the bank other end in the pond of growing cultured pearls is fixed
It is connected with basic stand column, the basic stand column upper end, which is dug, motor slot, and motor is equipped in the motor slot, described electronic
The output end of machine is fixedly connected with fixed plate, and the fixed plate lower end is fixedly connected with the second electric pushrod, and described second is electronic
The output end of push rod is fixedly connected with the plate that feeds intake, and the plate upper end that feeds intake is fixedly connected with material storing box, filling in the material storing box
Nutritious liquid is communicated with outlet tube on the material storing box, solenoid valve is equipped on the outlet tube, the plate lower end that feeds intake is fixed
Several equally distributed diversion pipes are connected with, the outlet tube is connected to by several tubules with diversion pipe.
Further, the hanging culture net cage includes cabinet and a pair of of chamber door, and the chamber door passes through the first elastic hinge and case
Body upper end is hinged, and a pair of described chamber door one end close to each other is fixedly connected to bar magnet, and the plate inner end that feeds intake is equipped with
First electromagnet, first electromagnet is identical as the magnetism of bar magnet, and bottom end is fixedly connected with several equal in the cabinet
The culturing net box of even distribution, culturing net box upper end, which is dug, batching hole, and the batching hole inner end wall passes through the second elasticity hinge
Chain is hinged with round square, and the diversion pipe and batching hole clearance fit can use the first electromagnetism when feeding intake to pearl culturing clam
Iron automatically opens a pair of of chamber door to the repulsive force of bar magnet, while diversion pipe is pushed round square open and extend into culturing net box,
Realization precisely feeds intake, and feed intake round square and chamber door after the completion can automatically reset under the effect of elasticity.
Further, the nutrient solution includes content than the slow-release nutrient capsule and pure water for 1:5, the slow-release nutrient
Capsule includes capsule coating and nutritious fertilizer, and the nutritious fertilizer is filled in capsule coating, the slow-release nutrient capsule and pure
Water purification should mix in 3min before feeding intake, and 3min mixing in advance can reduce to greatest extent slow-release nutrient capsule and seek in pure water
The release consumption of material is fatted up, pure water plays the protective effect to slow-release nutrient capsule, slow-release nutrient capsule is avoided to feed intake
Occur damage nutritious fertilizer in journey to spread in pond of growing cultured pearls rapidly, cannot achieve the effect precisely to feed intake with nutrition slow-release.
Further, the capsule coating passes through laser on the semi-permeable membrane using being made with a thickness of the semi-permeable membrane of 0.1mm
Technology cutting has several equally distributed sustained release micropores, and the slow-release nutrient capsule is the sphere that diameter is 10mm, described to support
The mesh aperture for growing net box is 5mm, and the mesh aperture of culturing net box is smaller than the diameter of slow-release nutrient capsule always, nutritious fertilizer
Can by sustained release micropore slowly, quantitative, outside release at the uniform velocity, can be inhaled by the pearl culturing clam in culturing net box with prestissimo
It receives, reduces meaningless diffusion waste, while after nutritious fertilizer runs out of close to release, capsule coating softens under the action of water pressure
Volume becomes smaller, and can escape out and be recovered from the mesh of culturing net box, prevents the accumulation in culturing net box from influencing pearl culturing clam
Growing environment.
Further, the nutritious fertilizer is the rotted pig manure that parts by weight are 80 parts, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of chlorination
Potassium, 1 part of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 2 parts of magnesium chloride, 5 parts of ferric sulfate, the mixture of 20 parts of water hyacinth powder are the life of pearl culturing clam
It is long that necessary nutriment is provided.
Further, a pair of flexible magnetic sucking tube is equipped on the upside of the hanging culture net cage, the flexibility magnetic sucking tube both ends are fixed on
It grows cultured pearls pond inner end wall, a pair of flexible magnetic sucking tube is located remotely from each other one end and is fixedly connected to the soft net of control, the soft net of control
It is inside placed with water hyacinth, the pond left and right ends bank of growing cultured pearls, which is dug, has absorption to cheat, and is equipped with the second electricity in the absorption hole
Magnet, water hyacinth is used to the phenomenon that shifting nutriment extra in pond of growing cultured pearls, avoiding the occurrence of eutrophication, and poultry feeders can
To pass through the deformation of the second magnet control flexibility magnetic sucking tube, distribution of the water hyacinth in pond of growing cultured pearls in the soft net of control is indirectly controlled
Situation, daytime when, are distributed in pond periphery of growing cultured pearls, and the growth for pearl culturing clam in hanging culture net cage merges out the items such as illumination, oxygen
Part, night when, which can be evenly distributed on, grows cultured pearls on water face, and nutrients extra in pond of growing cultured pearls can be absorbed with Quick uniform
Matter, convenient directly collect prepares nutritious fertilizer after the completion of absorbing, the recycling of extra nutriment in pond of completing to grow cultured pearls,
It can be with effective protection water body environment while reducing waste.
Further, the flexible magnetic sucking tube includes elastic hose, and magnetite, flexible magnetic are filled in the elastic hose
The magnetic attraction that magnetite in pipe can respond the second electromagnet completes deformation, again deformable after losing magnetic attraction to restore script
Shape.
Further, aqueous water plant is sunk in plantation in the pond of growing cultured pearls, and launches reddish black stone, zincblende block and manganite block,
And mixed breeding has filter-feeding fish or ominivore-fish, first can be improved water body utilization rate, enrich water body environment, be pearl culturing clam
Growth create a favorable environment, while microelement necessary to pearl culturing clam growth can be provided, phytoplankton and swum dynamic
Object.
Further, constent temperature heater and aerator, the water temperature optimum of Cultivated water are also equipped in the pond of growing cultured pearls
Temperature range be 15-30 degree, in this water temperature range, the growth and development of pearl culturing clam are normal, and nacre secretion is vigorous, precious
Pearl growth is fast；The metabolism of pearl culturing clam stays cool when minimum temperature is 10 degree or less, and activity is faint, nacre secretion
Basic to stop, when high-temperature is 35 degree or more, the growth of pearl culturing clam is hindered, and the dissimilation in metabolism is big
In assimilation, the weak or dead of pearl culturing clam is caused；Temperature and the metabolism of biology have close relationship, the life of pearl culturing clam
Long, development, breeding and distribution are affected by the restriction of water temperature, equally to keep cultivating people containing enough oxygen in water body
Member can keep suitable growth temperature and dissolved oxygen amount by constent temperature heater and aerator.
A kind of ecology for pearl cultivating is grown cultured pearls the application method of system, the application method the following steps are included:
S1, cultivation pretreatment: pond of growing cultured pearls, water purifying tank and cesspool are dug, 15-20 days before hanging culture pearl culturing clam, drains product
Water, with lime disinfection, fills fresh water, depth of water 1.5- after removing periphery water plant and ridge side drought grass after shelving solarization 3-5 days
2.5m, fresh water water quality is pure and fresh, pollution-free, and aqueous water plant is sunk in plantation in pond of growing cultured pearls, launch reddish black stone, zincblende block and
Manganite block, and mixed breeding has filter-feeding fish or ominivore-fish；
S2, choose healthy freshwater mussel kind: the selection 2-3 monthly age is implanted with the healthy pearl culturing clam of pearl core, according to the close of 800-1200/mu
Hanging culture is spent in pond of growing cultured pearls；
S3, aquaculture management: it in the annual 4-9 month, periodically feeds intake into pond of growing cultured pearls according to the standard of the 2-3 times/moon, other
It periodically feeds intake into pond of growing cultured pearls according to the standard of the 1-2 times/moon in month, while keeping water temperature at 15 DEG C -25 DEG C, pH is kept
In 7-8, COD value 5-25mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration 0.1-2mg/L, dissolved oxygen concentration is 5mg/L or more；
S4, water quality replacement: the frequency of water quality replacement is specially to open the first suction pump and second every 20-25 days and draw water
Pump is primary, each water circulation 2-3 days, and flow velocity is preferably slowly gentle, guarantees that the depth of water is 1.5-2.5m in aquaculture pond；
S5, inspection take pearl: patrolling sooner or later and salvage rotten grass, residual bait in time, check the whether mature symbol of pearl that pearl culturing clam is cultivated
It closes and requires, if maturation meets the requirements, pearl is collected in pearl culturing clam body by operation；If prematurity is undesirable, return
Return step S3.
3. beneficial effect
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that
(1) this programme can provide optimal growing environment by scientific and reasonable aquaculture management for pearl culturing clam, adopt simultaneously
With the mode of accurate feeding, nutriment is provided to pearl culturing clam based on sustained release principle, ensures to grow cultured pearls without largely throwing fertilizer feeding
The nutriment intake of freshwater mussel similarly feeds effect with lesser amount of nutriment to reach, and then reduces unnecessary wave
Take, on the one hand effectively and rapidly absorb nutriment convenient for pearl culturing clam, on the other hand can reduce the probability of water eutrophication,
It prevents water pollution from threatening the growth of pearl culturing clam, water hyacinth in addition also can be used and absorb the mode of extra nutriment to prevent
Water eutrophication, and using water hyacinth as the raw material of nutriment, the transfer and recycling of nutriment are completed, realizes money
Source maximally utilizes.
(2) hanging culture net cage includes cabinet and a pair of of chamber door, and chamber door is hinged by the first elastic hinge and cabinet upper end, a pair of
Chamber door one end close to each other is fixedly connected to bar magnet, and the plate inner end that feeds intake is equipped with the first electromagnet, the first electromagnet with
The magnetism of bar magnet is identical, and bottom end is fixedly connected with several equally distributed culturing net boxes in cabinet, and culturing net box upper end is opened
It is carved with batching hole, batching hole inner end wall is hinged with round square, diversion pipe and batching hole clearance fit by the second elastic hinge,
When feeding intake to pearl culturing clam, it can use the first electromagnet and a pair of of chamber door automatically opened to the repulsive force of bar magnet, lead simultaneously
Flow tube is pushed round square open and is extend into culturing net box, and realization precisely feeds intake, and feed intake round square and chamber door after the completion can
It automatically resets under the effect of elasticity.
(3) nutrient solution includes content than the slow-release nutrient capsule and pure water for 1:5-10, and slow-release nutrient capsule includes glue
Capsule coating and nutritious fertilizer, nutritious fertilizer are filled in capsule coating, slow-release nutrient capsule and pure water should before feeding intake 3min
Interior mixing, in advance 3min mixing can reduce the release consumption of slow-release nutrient capsule nutritious fertilizer in pure water to greatest extent,
Pure water plays the protective effect to slow-release nutrient capsule, and slow-release nutrient capsule is avoided to occur damaging nutrition fertilizer during feeding intake
Material is spread in pond of growing cultured pearls rapidly, cannot achieve the effect precisely to feed intake with nutrition slow-release.
(4) capsule coating is dug on semi-permeable membrane by laser technology using being made with a thickness of the semi-permeable membrane of 0.05-0.1mm
There are several equally distributed sustained release micropores, slow-release nutrient capsule is the sphere that diameter is 10-20mm, the mesh hole of culturing net box
Diameter is 5-10mm, and the mesh aperture of culturing net box is smaller than the diameter of slow-release nutrient capsule always, and nutritious fertilizer can be by slow
Release micropore slowly, quantitative, outside release at the uniform velocity, can be absorbed by the pearl culturing clam in culturing net box with prestissimo, reduce nothing
The diffusion of meaning wastes, while after nutritious fertilizer runs out of close to release, and softening volume becomes smaller under the action of water pressure for capsule coating,
It can escape out and be recovered from the mesh of culturing net box, prevent the growth ring of the accumulation influence pearl culturing clam in culturing net box
Border.
(5) nutritious fertilizer is the rotted pig manure that parts by weight are 80-90 parts, 3-5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-5 parts of potassium chloride,
0.5-1 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 2-4 parts of magnesium chloride, 1-5 parts of ferric sulfate, the mixture of 10-20 parts of water hyacinth powder, to educate
Nutriment necessary to the growth of pearl oyster provides.
(6) it is equipped with a pair of flexible magnetic sucking tube on the upside of hanging culture net cage, flexible magnetic sucking tube both ends are fixed on pond inner end wall of growing cultured pearls, and one
One end is located remotely from each other to flexible magnetic sucking tube and is fixedly connected to the soft net of control, controls in soft net and is placed with water hyacinth, grow cultured pearls Chi Zuo
Right both ends bank, which is dug, has absorption to cheat, and the second electromagnet is equipped in absorption hole, it is extra in pond of growing cultured pearls that water hyacinth is used to shift
Nutriment, the phenomenon that avoiding the occurrence of eutrophication, and poultry feeders can pass through the second magnet control flexibility magnetic sucking tube
Deformation, indirectly control distribution situation of the water hyacinth in pond of growing cultured pearls in the soft net of control, daytime when is distributed in pond week of growing cultured pearls
Side merges out the conditions such as illumination, oxygen for the growth of pearl culturing clam in hanging culture net cage, and night when, which can be evenly distributed on, grows cultured pearls
On water face, nutriment extra in pond of growing cultured pearls can be absorbed with Quick uniform, it is convenient after the completion of absorbing directly to collect system
Standby nutritious fertilizer, the recycling of extra nutriment in pond of completing to grow cultured pearls, can be with effective protection water body while reducing waste
Environment.
(7) flexible magnetic sucking tube includes elastic hose, and magnetite is filled in elastic hose, and the magnetite in flexible magnetic sucking tube can be with
Respond the second electromagnet magnetic attraction complete deformation, after losing magnetic attraction again it is deformable restore script shape.
(8) aqueous water plant is sunk in plantation in pond of growing cultured pearls, and launches reddish black stone, zincblende block and manganite block, and raises together and have filter
Feeding fish or ominivore-fish, first can be improved water body utilization rate, enrich water body environment, be that the growth of pearl culturing clam is created
Good environment, while microelement, phytoplankton and zooplankter necessary to pearl culturing clam growth can be provided.
(9) it grows cultured pearls and is also equipped with constent temperature heater and aerator, the optimum temperature range of the water temperature of Cultivated water in pond
For 15-30 degree, in this water temperature range, the growth and development of pearl culturing clam are normal, and nacre secretion is vigorous, and pearl growth is fast；
The metabolism of pearl culturing clam stays cool when minimum temperature is 10 degree or less, and activity is faint, and nacre secretion is basic to be stopped,
When high-temperature is 35 degree or more, the growth of pearl culturing clam is hindered, and the dissimilation in metabolism is greater than same be turned into
With causing the weak or dead of pearl culturing clam；Temperature and the metabolism of biology have a close relationship, the growth of pearl culturing clam, development,
Breeding and distribution are affected by the restriction of water temperature, equally to keep containing enough oxygen in water body, poultry feeders can lead to
It crosses constent temperature heater and aerator keeps suitable growth temperature and dissolved oxygen amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram in Fig. 1 at A；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram under hanging culture net cage closed state of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram under hanging culture net cage opening state of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of culturing net box of the present invention part；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of slow-release nutrient capsule part of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram under the soft net unfolding state of present invention control；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram under the soft net evacuation state of present invention control.
Figure label explanation:
1 grows cultured pearls pond, 2 water purifying tanks, 3 cesspools, 4 first suction pumps, 5 second suction pumps, 6 hanging culture net cages, 601 cabinets, 602
Chamber door, 603 first elastic hinges, 7 connecting rods, 8 sliding blocks, 9 guide rails, 10 extension rods, 11 first electric pushrods, 12 basic stand columns,
13 motor, 14 fixed plates, 15 second electric pushrods, 16 feed intake plate, 17 material storing box, 18 solenoid valves, 19 outlet tubes, 20 water conservancy diversion
Pipe, 21 first electromagnet, 22 bar magnets, 23 culturing net boxes, 24 round squares, 25 flexible magnetic sucking tubes, the soft net of 26 controls, 27 glue
Capsule coating, 28 nutritious fertilizers, 29 second electromagnet.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description；Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments, is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the instruction such as term " on ", "lower", "inner", "outside", " top/bottom end "
Orientation or positional relationship be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, be merely for convenience of description the present invention and simplification retouch
It states, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation,
Therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and cannot understand
For indication or suggestion relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation " " is set
Be equipped with ", " be arranged/connect ", " connection " etc., shall be understood in a broad sense, such as " connection ", may be a fixed connection, be also possible to removable
Connection is unloaded, or is integrally connected, can be mechanical connection, is also possible to be electrically connected, can be directly connected, it can also be in
Between medium be indirectly connected, can be the connection inside two elements, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be specific
Situation understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The system referring to Fig. 1, a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating is grown cultured pearls, including pond 1 of growing cultured pearls, water purifying tank 2 and cesspool
3, aqueous water plant is sunk in plantation in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls, and launches reddish black stone, zincblende block and manganite block, and raises together and have filter-feeding fish
Or ominivore-fish, first can be improved water body utilization rate, enrich water body environment, be that good ring is created in the growth of pearl culturing clam
Border, while microelement, phytoplankton and zooplankter necessary to pearl culturing clam growth can be provided, also pacify in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls
Equipped with constent temperature heater and aerator, the optimum temperature range of the water temperature of Cultivated water is 15-30 degree, in this water temperature range
Interior, the growth and development of pearl culturing clam are normal, and nacre secretion is vigorous, and pearl growth is fast；Minimum temperature is grown cultured pearls when being 10 degree or less
The metabolism of freshwater mussel stays cool, and activity is faint, and nacre secretion is basic to be stopped, and when high-temperature is 35 degree or more, educates
The growth of pearl oyster is hindered, and the dissimilation in metabolism is greater than assimilation, causes the weak or dead of pearl culturing clam
It dies；Temperature and the metabolism of biology have close relationship, and growth, development, breeding and the distribution of pearl culturing clam are affected by water
The restriction of temperature will equally be kept containing enough oxygen in water body, and poultry feeders can be protected by constent temperature heater and aerator
Suitable growth temperature and dissolved oxygen amount are held, the first suction pump 4 is installed in water purifying tank 2, second suction pump is installed in cesspool 3
5, it is placed with hanging culture net cage 6 in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls, 6 left and right ends of hanging culture net cage are fixedly connected to connecting rod 7, and connecting rod 7 is far from hanging
It supports 6 one end of net cage and is fixedly connected with sliding block 8, guide rail 9, and sliding block 8 and guide rail 9 are fixedly connected on 1 left and right ends wall of pond of growing cultured pearls
Between be slidably connected, lifting hanging culture net cage 6 that can be stable in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls by the cooperation of sliding block 8 and guide rail 9, hanging culture depth
Be 25-40cm when spring and autumn weather is suitable for, when the weather in freezing winter and in sultry summer of Xia Dongji for close to grow cultured pearls pond bottom of pond but not with bottom
Mud contact is advisable, and the cultivation depth of pearl culturing clam 1 should should put close water-bed from water surface 25cm, winter and not hit mud and be in summer
Preferably, spring and autumn can hang it is shallow a little to reinforce illumination, freshwater mussel body is made to be in the suitable water temperature of growth, promote pearl formation and
Growth；Winter and summer suitable hanging culture are a little deep, prevent cold and heat adverse effect, and the bank one end in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls is fixed to be connected
It is connected to L-type column, the first electric pushrod 11 is installed on L-type column, the driving force gone up and down for providing hanging culture net cage 6, first
The output end of electric pushrod 11 is fixedly connected with extension rod 10, and is fixedly connected between extension rod 10 and connecting rod 7, extension rod 10
Play the role of extended, the bank other end in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls is fixedly connected with basic stand column 12, and 12 upper end of basic stand column, which is dug, electricity
Trough is equipped with motor 13 in motor slot, and the output end of motor 13 is fixedly connected with fixed plate 14, and motor 13 can drive
So that fixed plate 14 is left 1 overhead of pond of growing cultured pearls, avoids the phenomenon appearance that keeps the sun off, it is electronic that 14 lower end of fixed plate is fixedly connected with second
Push rod 15.
Referring to Fig. 2, the output end of the second electric pushrod 15 is fixedly connected with the plate 16 that feeds intake, the second electric pushrod 15 is provided
The driving force that hanging culture net cage 6 is gone up and down, and then the activity that feeds intake is completed, 16 upper end of plate that feeds intake is fixedly connected with material storing box 17, material storing box
It is filled with nutrient solution in 17, is communicated with outlet tube 19 on material storing box 17, solenoid valve 18 is installed on outlet tube 19, is fed intake under plate 16
End is fixedly connected with several equally distributed diversion pipes 20, and outlet tube 19 is connected to by several tubules with diversion pipe 20, diversion pipe
20 for precisely carrying out the feeding that feeds intake to pearl culturing clam.
Fig. 3-4 is please referred to, hanging culture net cage 6 includes cabinet 601 and a pair of of chamber door 602, and chamber door 602 passes through the first elastic hinge
603 is hinged with 601 upper end of cabinet, and a pair of of chamber door 602 one end close to each other is fixedly connected to bar magnet 22, referring to Fig. 2,
16 inner end of plate that feeds intake is equipped with the first electromagnet 21, and the first electromagnet 21 is identical as the magnetism of bar magnet 22, is based on same sex phase
The principle of reprimand realizes automatically opening for chamber door 602, and bottom end is fixedly connected with several equally distributed culturing net boxes in cabinet 601
23, referring to Fig. 5, culturing net box 23 plays a good protective effect, 23 upper end of culturing net box, which is dug, to be had for cultivating pearl culturing clam
Batching hole, batching hole inner end wall are hinged with round square 24, diversion pipe 20 and batching hole clearance fit by the second elastic hinge,
When feeding intake to pearl culturing clam, it can use the first electromagnet 21 and a pair of of chamber door 602 automatically opened to the repulsive force of bar magnet 22,
Diversion pipe 20 is pushed round square 24 open and is extend into culturing net box 23 simultaneously, and realization precisely feeds intake, and circular net after the completion of feeding intake
Lid 24 and chamber door 602 can automatically reset under the effect of elasticity.
Referring to Fig. 6, nutrient solution includes content than the slow-release nutrient capsule and pure water for 1:5-10, slow-release nutrient capsule
Including capsule coating 27 and nutritious fertilizer 28, nutritious fertilizer 28 is filled in capsule coating 27, slow-release nutrient capsule and pure water
It should be mixed in 3min before feeding intake, 3min mixing in advance can reduce slow-release nutrient capsule nutrition fertilizer in pure water to greatest extent
The release consumption of material 28, pure water play the protective effect to slow-release nutrient capsule, avoid slow-release nutrient capsule in the process of feeding intake
Middle appearance damage nutritious fertilizer 28 is spread in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls rapidly, cannot achieve the effect precisely to feed intake with nutrition slow-release, capsule
Coating 27 has several be uniformly distributed by laser technology cutting on semi-permeable membrane using being made with a thickness of the semi-permeable membrane of 0.05-0.1mm
Sustained release micropore, slow-release nutrient capsule is the sphere that diameter is 10-20mm, and the mesh aperture of culturing net box 23 is 5-10mm,
And the mesh aperture of culturing net box 23 is smaller than the diameter of slow-release nutrient capsule always, nutritious fertilizer 28 can be slow by sustained release micropore
Slowly, outside release quantitatively, at the uniform velocity can be absorbed with prestissimo by the pearl culturing clam in culturing net box 23, reduce meaningless expansion
Waste is dissipated, while after nutritious fertilizer 28 runs out of close to release, softening volume becomes smaller under the action of water pressure for capsule coating 27, can
It is recovered with being escaped out from the mesh of culturing net box 23, prevents the growth ring of the accumulation influence pearl culturing clam in culturing net box 23
Border, nutritious fertilizer 28 are the rotted pig manure that parts by weight are 80-90 parts, 3-5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-5 parts of potassium chloride, 0.5-1
The Diammonium phosphate (DAP) of part, 2-4 parts of magnesium chloride, 1-5 parts of ferric sulfate, the mixture of 10-20 parts of water hyacinth powder are pearl culturing clam
Nutriment necessary to growth provides.
Fig. 7-8 is please referred to, a pair of flexible magnetic sucking tube 25 is equipped on the upside of hanging culture net cage 6, flexible 25 both ends of magnetic sucking tube are fixed on
It grows cultured pearls 1 inner end wall of pond, a pair of of flexibility magnetic sucking tube 25 is located remotely from each other one end and is fixedly connected to the soft net 26 of control, controls in soft net 26
It is placed with water hyacinth, water hyacinth is draft of swimming, and the nutriment in water can be absorbed to grow, be widely used in improvement
In water eutrophication, but it is likely to form the phenomenon that mad breeding becomes invasive species if not being controlled, threatens original
The ecological balance, 1 left and right ends bank of pond of growing cultured pearls dig have absorption cheat, absorption hole in the second electromagnet 29, water calabash are installed
Reed is used to the phenomenon that shifting nutriment extra in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls, avoiding the occurrence of eutrophication, and poultry feeders can be by the
Two electromagnet 29 control the deformation of flexible magnetic sucking tube 25, indirectly control distribution of the water hyacinth in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls in the soft net 26 of control
Situation, daytime when, are distributed in 1 periphery of pond of growing cultured pearls, and the growth for pearl culturing clam in hanging culture net cage 6 merges out the items such as illumination, oxygen
Part, night when, which can be evenly distributed on, grows cultured pearls on 1 water surface of pond, and nutrition extra in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls can be absorbed with Quick uniform
Substance, convenient directly collect prepares nutritious fertilizer 28 after the completion of absorbing, the recycling of extra nutriment in pond 1 of completing to grow cultured pearls
It utilizes, can include elastic hose with effective protection water body environment, flexible magnetic sucking tube 25 while reducing waste, be filled out in elastic hose
Filled with magnetite, the magnetic attraction that the magnetite in flexible magnetic sucking tube 25 can respond the second electromagnet 29 completes deformation, is losing magnetic
After power again it is deformable restore script shape.
A kind of ecology for pearl cultivating is grown cultured pearls the application method of system, application method the following steps are included:
S1, cultivation pretreatment: pond 1 of growing cultured pearls, water purifying tank 2 and cesspool 3 are dug and is drained 15-20 days before hanging culture pearl culturing clam
Ponding, with lime disinfection, fills fresh water, depth of water 1.5- after removing periphery water plant and ridge side drought grass after shelving solarization 3-5 days
2.5m, fresh water water quality is pure and fresh, pollution-free, and aqueous water plant is sunk in plantation in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls, and launches reddish black stone, zincblende block
With manganite block, and raise together have filter-feeding fish or ominivore-fish；
S2, choose healthy freshwater mussel kind: the selection 2-3 monthly age is implanted with the healthy pearl culturing clam of pearl core, according to the close of 800-1200/mu
Hanging culture is spent in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls；
S3, aquaculture management: it in the annual 4-9 month, periodically feeds intake into pond 1 of growing cultured pearls according to the standard of the 2-3 times/moon, at it
It periodically feeds intake into pond 1 of growing cultured pearls according to the standard of the 1-2 times/moon in its month, while keeping water temperature at 15 DEG C -25 DEG C, pH is protected
It holds in 7-8, COD value 5-25mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration 0.1-2mg/L, dissolved oxygen concentration is 5mg/L or more；
S4, water quality replacement: the frequency of water quality replacement is specially to open the first suction pump 4 and second every 20-25 days and draw water
Pump 5 is primary, each water circulation 2-3 days, and flow velocity is preferably slowly gentle, guarantees that the depth of water is 1.5-2.5m in aquaculture pond；
S5, inspection take pearl: patrolling sooner or later and salvage rotten grass, residual bait in time, check the whether mature symbol of pearl that pearl culturing clam is cultivated
It closes and requires, if maturation meets the requirements, pearl is collected in pearl culturing clam body by operation；If prematurity is undesirable, return
Return step S3.
When feeding intake to pearl culturing clam, poultry feeders first control the starting of motor 13 and the plate 16 that feeds intake are driven to turn to hanging culture
Right above net cage 6, the second electric pushrod 15 of starting pushes the plate 16 that feeds intake to decline close to hanging culture net cage 6, and starts the first electromagnet
21, the first electromagnet 21 is powered with magnetic and generates repulsive force, 22 band of bar magnet under the action of repulsive force to bar magnet 22
Dynamic chamber door 602 is to opening on the inside of cabinet 601, and after the plate 16 that feeds intake enters cabinet 601, diversion pipe 20 is directed at corresponding round square 24
It is inserted into culturing net box 23, opens nutrient solution in 18 material storing box 17 of solenoid valve and pass sequentially through outlet tube 19, tubule, diversion pipe 20
It flow in culturing net box 23, for slow-release nutrient capsule since diameter is bigger than the aperture of culturing net box 23 in culturing net box 23, meeting is temporary
When be deposited in culturing net box 23, slowly, it is quantitative, at the uniform velocity discharge nutritious fertilizer 28 in culturing net box 23, pearl culturing clam can be with
The a small amount of nutritious fertilizer 28 released is quickly and effectively absorbed, the meaningless diffusion waste of nutritious fertilizer 28 is reduced, it both can be real
Now accurate quantitative feeding reduces waste, and can be enriched with polluted-water environment to avoid nutriment, is unfavorable for the growth of pearl culturing clam.
Even if there is the phenomenon that nutriment enrichment, poultry feeders, which can will control soft net 26 and be placed into, grows cultured pearls in pond 1,
And a pair of flexible magnetic sucking tube 25 is fixed on bank, start a pair of second electromagnet 29 daytime using magnetic attraction and drives flexible magnetic
Pipe 25 deforms, and the water hyacinth controlled in soft net 26 " is rushed to " periphery, is the good illumination of creation of pearl culturing clam in hanging culture net cage 6
Condition and breathing condition, after the second electromagnet 29 of night closing loses magnetic attraction, flexible magnetic sucking tube 25 restores shape and pulls control
Soft net 26 is uniformly spread out on the water surface, can more rapidly and uniformly absorb nutriment extra in water compared to daytime, when
When ammonia nitrogen concentration in pond 1 of growing cultured pearls is restored in zone of reasonableness, poultry feeders can directly pack up the soft net 26 of control and salvage water hyacinth,
And powder is made in the water hyacinth in salvaging and is used to prepare nutritious fertilizer 28, the transfer of nutriment is completed, realizes resource most
Bigization utilizes, while avoiding the contamination phenomenon of water body.
The present invention can provide optimal growing environment by scientific and reasonable aquaculture management for pearl culturing clam, while using essence
The mode of quasi- feeding provides nutriment to pearl culturing clam based on sustained release principle, ensures pearl culturing clam without largely throwing fertilizer feeding
Nutriment intake similarly feeds effect with lesser amount of nutriment to reach, and then reduces unnecessary waste, and one
Aspect effectively and rapidly absorbs nutriment convenient for pearl culturing clam, on the other hand can reduce the probability of water eutrophication, prevent
Water pollution threatens the growth of pearl culturing clam, and the next pre- waterproof body of mode that water hyacinth absorbs extra nutriment in addition also can be used
Eutrophication, and using water hyacinth as the raw material of nutriment, the transfer and recycling of nutriment are completed, realizes resource
It maximally utilizes.
The foregoing is intended to be a preferred embodiment of the present invention；But scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
It improves design and is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- The system 1. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating is grown cultured pearls, including pond of growing cultured pearls (1), water purifying tank (2) and cesspool (3), it is special Sign is: it is equipped with the first suction pump (4) in the water purifying tank (2), the second suction pump (5) is installed in the cesspool (3), It is placed with hanging culture net cage (6) in the pond of growing cultured pearls (1), hanging culture net cage (6) left and right ends are fixedly connected to connecting rod (7), the connecting rod (7) is fixedly connected with sliding block (8) far from hanging culture net cage (6) one end, pond of growing cultured pearls (1) left and right ends wall On be fixedly connected with guide rail (9), and be slidably connected between sliding block (8) and guide rail (9), bank one end of the pond of growing cultured pearls (1) is solid Surely be connected with L-type column, be equipped on the L-type column the first electric pushrod (11), first electric pushrod (11) it is defeated Outlet is fixedly connected with extension rod (10), and is fixedly connected between extension rod (10) and connecting rod (7), the pond of growing cultured pearls (1) The bank other end is fixedly connected with basic stand column (12), and basic stand column (12) upper end, which is dug, motor slot, the motor slot It is inside equipped with motor (13), the output end of the motor (13) is fixedly connected with fixed plate (14), the fixed plate (14) Lower end is fixedly connected with the second electric pushrod (15), and the output end of second electric pushrod (15) is fixedly connected with the plate that feeds intake (16), the plate that feeds intake (16) upper end is fixedly connected with material storing box (17), and nutrient solution is filled in the material storing box (17), described It is communicated on material storing box (17) outlet tube (19), is equipped with solenoid valve (18) on the outlet tube (19), the plate that feeds intake (16) Lower end is fixedly connected with several equally distributed diversion pipes (20), and the outlet tube (19) passes through several tubules and diversion pipe (20) Connection.
- The system 2. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating according to claim 1 is grown cultured pearls, it is characterised in that: the hanging culture net Case (6) includes cabinet (601) and a pair of of chamber door (602), and the chamber door (602) passes through the first elastic hinge (603) and cabinet (601) upper end is hinged, and a pair of chamber door (602) one end close to each other is fixedly connected to bar magnet (22), described to feed intake Plate (16) inner end is equipped with the first electromagnet (21), and first electromagnet (21) is identical as the magnetism of bar magnet (22), institute It states cabinet (601) interior bottom end and is fixedly connected with several equally distributed culturing net boxes (23), culturing net box (23) upper end is opened It is carved with batching hole, the batching hole inner end wall is hinged with round square (24) by the second elastic hinge, the diversion pipe (20) With batching hole clearance fit.
- The system 3. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating according to claim 1 is grown cultured pearls, it is characterised in that: the nutrient solution Including content than the slow-release nutrient capsule and pure water for 1:5-10, the slow-release nutrient capsule includes capsule coating (27) and seeks It fats up material (28), the nutritious fertilizer (28) is filled in capsule coating (27), and the slow-release nutrient capsule and pure water should be Mixing in 3min before feeding intake.
- The system 4. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating according to claim 3 is grown cultured pearls, it is characterised in that: the capsule packet Clothing (27) has using being made with a thickness of the semi-permeable membrane of 0.05-0.1mm, on the semi-permeable membrane by laser technology cutting several uniform The sustained release micropore of distribution, the slow-release nutrient capsule are the sphere that diameter is 10-20mm, the mesh of the culturing net box (23) Aperture is 5-10mm, and the mesh aperture of culturing net box (23) is smaller than the diameter of slow-release nutrient capsule always.
- The system 5. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating according to claim 3 is grown cultured pearls, it is characterised in that: the nutrition fertilizer Material (28) is the rotted pig manure that parts by weight are 80-90 parts, 3-5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-5 parts of potassium chloride, 0.5-1 parts of phosphoric acid Diammonium, 2-4 parts of magnesium chloride, 1-5 parts of ferric sulfate, the mixture of 10-20 parts of water hyacinth powder.
- The system 6. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating according to claim 1 is grown cultured pearls, it is characterised in that: the hanging culture net A pair of flexible magnetic sucking tube (25) is equipped on the upside of case (6), described flexibility magnetic sucking tube (25) both ends are fixed on pond of growing cultured pearls (1) inner end wall, A pair of flexible magnetic sucking tube (25) is located remotely from each other one end and is fixedly connected to the soft net (26) of control, and the soft net (26) of control is interior It is placed with water hyacinth, pond of growing cultured pearls (1) the left and right ends bank, which is dug, has absorption to cheat, and is equipped with the second electricity in the absorption hole Magnet (29).
- The system 7. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating according to claim 6 is grown cultured pearls, it is characterised in that: the flexibility magnetic Suction pipe (25) includes elastic hose, and magnetite is filled in the elastic hose.
- The system 8. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating according to claim 1 is grown cultured pearls, it is characterised in that: the pond of growing cultured pearls (1) aqueous water plant is sunk in plantation in, launches reddish black stone, zincblende block and manganite block, and raises together and have filter-feeding fish or miscellaneous Feeding fish.
- The system 9. a kind of ecology for pearl cultivating according to claim 1 is grown cultured pearls, it is characterised in that: the pond of growing cultured pearls (1) constent temperature heater and aerator are also equipped in.
- 10. a kind of -9 any ecologies for pearl cultivating are grown cultured pearls the application method of system according to claim 1, special Sign is: the application method the following steps are included:S1, cultivation pretreatment: digging pond of growing cultured pearls (1), water purifying tank (2) and cesspool (3), 15-20 days before hanging culture pearl culturing clam, row Dry ponding, with lime disinfection, fills fresh water, the depth of water after shelving solarization 3-5 days after removing periphery water plant and ridge side drought grass 1.5-2.5m, fresh water water quality is pure and fresh, pollution-free, and aqueous water plant is sunk in plantation in pond of growing cultured pearls (1), launches reddish black stone, sudden strain of a muscle Zinc ore block and manganite block, and mixed breeding has filter-feeding fish or ominivore-fish；S2, choose healthy freshwater mussel kind: the selection 2-3 monthly age is implanted with the healthy pearl culturing clam of pearl core, hangs according to the density of 800-1200/mu It supports in pond of growing cultured pearls (1)；S3, aquaculture management: it in the annual 4-9 month, periodically feeds intake into pond of growing cultured pearls (1) according to the standard of the 2-3 times/moon, other Month periodically feeds intake into pond of growing cultured pearls (1) according to the standard of the 1-2 times/moon, while keeping water temperature at 15 DEG C -25 DEG C, and pH is protected It holds in 7-8, COD value 5-25mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration 0.1-2mg/L, dissolved oxygen concentration is 5mg/L or more；S4, water quality replacement: the frequency of water quality replacement is specially to open the first suction pump (4) and the second suction pump every 20-25 days (5) once, each water circulation 2-3 days, flow velocity is preferably slowly gentle, guarantees that the depth of water is 1.5-2.5m in aquaculture pond；S5, inspection take pearl: rotten grass, residual bait are salvaged in inspection sooner or later in time, and whether maturation conforms to the pearl that inspection pearl culturing clam is cultivated It asks, if maturation meets the requirements, pearl is collected in pearl culturing clam body by operation；If prematurity is undesirable, step is returned Rapid S3.
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