CN112544544B - Out-of-season crayfish culture system and control method - Google Patents
Out-of-season crayfish culture system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112544544B CN112544544B CN202011436037.0A CN202011436037A CN112544544B CN 112544544 B CN112544544 B CN 112544544B CN 202011436037 A CN202011436037 A CN 202011436037A CN 112544544 B CN112544544 B CN 112544544B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides an out-of-season crayfish breeding system, which relates to the technical field of crayfish breeding, and adopts the technical scheme that a compost heating tank is arranged outside a photovoltaic greenhouse, circulating water, fermentation fertilizer and an electric heating sheet are arranged in the compost heating tank, a seedling raising pond is arranged in the photovoltaic greenhouse, a sand blocking net, a circulating water pipe and a drain pipe are arranged in the seedling raising pond in a coiling manner, two ports of the circulating water pipe are connected with the compost heating tank, a pump is arranged on the circulating water pipe, a solar power generation structure is arranged at the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the solar power generation structure is electrically connected with the electric heating sheet. The invention also provides an off-season crayfish breeding control method, which adopts the off-season crayfish breeding system, and makes crayfish breeding possible in winter or cold areas through steps of quicklime disinfection, breeding preparation, breeding and the like, so that the method has great economic benefit significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crayfish culture, in particular to an out-of-season crayfish culture system and a control method.
Background
Freshwater lobsters commonly called crayfish belong to the family of lobsters of the order Crotalariales of the phylum Arthropoda, have thick heads and breasts, hard shells and delicious meat, and are low-fat, low-cholesterol and high-protein nutritional and nourishing food. The freshwater lobster has the characteristics of large size, fat meat quality, short growth period, high yield and strong feeding adaptability, and is particularly suitable for artificial commercial cultivation.
The food made of crayfish has the characteristics of rich nutrition, good taste and delicious taste and is widely welcomed. From annual output analysis of the whole country, supply is not required, especially in winter and spring two seasons (9 months to 3 months of the next year and 7 months of the slack season), due to low temperature, the market quantity of the crayfish is greatly reduced, and due to low temperature in winter, the crayfish is greatly dead, and the crayfish output is difficult to reach market demands, so that a situation of busy 5 months and idle 7 months is formed in a crayfish business store. There is a need for an off-season crayfish farming system and control method that is immune to low temperature climates.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an out-of-season crayfish culture system, which can provide a corresponding solution for the problems existing in the prior art and has the beneficial effects of being free from the influence of low-temperature climates and capable of out-of-season crayfish culture.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an off-season crayfish culture control method, which can provide a corresponding solution to the problems existing in the prior art, and has the beneficial effects of not being affected by low-temperature climates and being capable of off-season crayfish culture.
Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:
according to the first aspect, the embodiment of the application provides an out-of-season crayfish breeding system, which comprises a photovoltaic greenhouse, a compost heating tank is arranged outside the photovoltaic greenhouse, circulating water, fermentation fertilizer and an electric heating sheet are arranged in the compost heating tank, a seedling raising pond is arranged in the photovoltaic greenhouse, a sand blocking net, a circulating water pipe and a drain pipe are arranged in the seedling raising pond in a coiling mode, the circulating water pipe is arranged between the sand blocking net and the seedling raising pond, two ports of the circulating water pipe are connected with the compost heating tank, a pump is arranged on the circulating water pipe, and a solar power generation structure is arranged at the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse and is electrically connected with the electric heating sheet.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the solar power generation structure includes a solar panel and an electrical storage box electrically connected to each other, the solar panel is disposed at a top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the electrical storage box is electrically connected to the electrical heating sheet.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a bracket is disposed in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the bracket is connected to the power storage box.
In some embodiments of the invention, a funnel-shaped feeding port is arranged at the top of the compost heating tank, and a thermometer is arranged in the seedling raising pool.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a stirring motor is disposed at the top of the compost heating tank, the stirring motor is electrically connected to the solar power generation structure, the stirring motor is provided with a rotating shaft extending into the compost heating tank, and the rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades.
In some embodiments of the invention, a discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the compost heating tank, and a discharge baffle is arranged at the discharge hole.
In some embodiments of the invention, a diversion sloping plate is arranged in the compost heating tank, and the diversion sloping plate is matched with the discharge hole.
In some embodiments of the invention, the surface of the compost heating tank is provided with a heat-insulating shell, and the heat-insulating shell comprises a phenolic foam heat-insulating shell.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for controlling the cultivation of off-season crayfish, comprising the off-season crayfish cultivation system according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
1) Preparing for disinfection: spreading 15cm thick sediment into the sediment blocking net, and adding 0.5 m deep water into the seedling pool;
2) Sterilizing with quicklime: uniformly splashing quicklime into the seedling raising pond according to the size of the seedling raising pond and the proportion of 0.1-0.15kg per square meter, controlling the pH value range to be 7.5-8.2, waiting for 2-3 days, and finishing disinfection;
3) Preparing a feeding place: planting aquatic weed in the seedling pool after completing quicklime disinfection, and then adding water to keep the water depth to be 1-1.5m;
4) Preparing a heating place: firstly adding a fermented fertilizer into a compost heating tank, then adding circulating water into the compost heating tank, standing and layering;
5) Feeding: shrimp fries with the specification of more than 0.8cm are put into a seedling raising pond, 2 times of feed are put into the seedling raising pond for feeding in one day, when the water temperature in the seedling raising pond is lower than 18 ℃, the pump is started, and when the water temperature in the seedling raising pond is higher than 28 ℃, the pump is closed.
6) Fishing: observing the growth trend of the crayfish, and fishing when the crayfish weight reaches more than 50 g.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the aquatic weeds include waterweed, goldfish algae, black algae on leaves and water hyacinth, the coverage area of the water hyacinth is 70% of the area of the seedling pool, and the water hyacinth is blocked by a blocking rope, the feed comprises fish meal, shrimp shell meal, earthworm meal, bean pulp or vinasse, and the fermented fertilizer comprises leaves, vegetables, fruits, feces or straw.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides an out-of-season crayfish culture system, which comprises a photovoltaic greenhouse, wherein the photovoltaic greenhouse plays a role in wind shielding and cold insulation. And a compost heating tank is arranged outside the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the compost heating tank generates heat through composting, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected. The compost heating tank is filled with circulating water and fermented fertilizer, and a large amount of heat is generated in the fermentation process of the fermented fertilizer to heat the circulating water. Be provided with the pond of growing seedlings in the photovoltaic big-arch shelter, the pond of growing seedlings is provided with and blocks sand net, circulating water pipe and drain pipe, and the drain pipe can drain away the water in the pond of growing seedlings, facilitates the use. The sediment blocking net separates sediment from the circulating water pipe, so that the heating effect is better, and the life habit of the crayfish is not influenced. The circulating water pipe is coiled and arranged between the sand blocking net and the seedling raising pool, and two ports of the circulating water pipe are connected with the compost heating tank, so that the circulating water can heat water in the seedling raising pool, and a proper environment is provided for the life of the crayfish. The circulating water pipe is provided with a pump which plays a role in pressurization and controls the flow rate of circulating water. The photovoltaic greenhouse is characterized in that a solar power generation structure is arranged at the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the solar power generation structure is electrically connected with the electric heating sheet, so that the electric heating sheet can preheat circulating water in winter, and fermentation of the fermented fertilizer is promoted. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an out-of-season crayfish culture system which has the beneficial effects of being free from the influence of low-temperature climates, and being energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an off-season crayfish breeding control method, which adopts the off-season crayfish breeding system to breed, and the crayfish can be bred in winter or in cold areas through the steps of quicklime disinfection, breeding preparation, breeding and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an off-season crayfish culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a compost heating tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coiled circulating water pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a photovoltaic greenhouse; 101-a solar power generation structure; 102-a bracket; 1011-solar panel; 1012-an electric storage box; 2-composting and heating tank; 201-circulating water; 202-fermenting fertilizer; 203-an electric heating plate; 204, a feed inlet; 205-a stirring motor; 206-rotating shaft; 2061-stirring blade; 207-a discharge hole; 2071-a discharge baffle; 208-a diversion sloping plate; 209-insulating shell; 3-a seedling raising pool; 301-a circulating water pipe; 302, a sand blocking net; 303-a drain pipe; 3031-valve; 4-silt; 5-water; 6-pump.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is conventionally put when used, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus it should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means at least 2.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an off-season crayfish culturing system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following specific structure.
The embodiment of the application provides an out-of-season crayfish farming systems, wherein including photovoltaic big-arch shelter 1, be provided with compost heating tank 2 outward of photovoltaic big-arch shelter 1, be provided with circulating water 201 in the compost heating tank 2, ferment fertilizer 202 and electrical heating piece 203, be provided with in the photovoltaic big-arch shelter 1 and educate seedling pool 3, educate seedling pool 3 and be provided with and block sand net 302, circulating water pipe 301 and drain pipe 303, circulating water pipe 301 coils and sets up between blocking sand net 302 and educate seedling pool 3, two ports of circulating water pipe 301 are all connected with compost heating tank 2, circulating water pipe 301 is provided with pump 6, photovoltaic big-arch shelter 1 top is provided with solar power generation structure 101, solar power generation structure 101 and electrical heating piece 203 electric connection. As shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic greenhouse 1 can play a role in wind prevention and cold insulation, and a solar power generation structure 101 is installed at the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, and the solar power generation structure 101 can convert solar energy into electric energy. The compost heat supply tank 2 is arranged outside the photovoltaic greenhouse 1 (a plurality of compost heat supply tanks 2 can be arranged to meet the use requirement), the inner space of the photovoltaic greenhouse 1 is not occupied, the circulating water 201 and the fermented fertilizer 202 are filled into the compost heat supply tank 2, the circulating water 201 is arranged on the upper layer after standing for a long time, and the fermented fertilizer 202 is arranged on the lower layer. The fermentation fertilizer 202 can generate heat energy in the fermentation process, the circulating water 201 is heated, and the water temperature of the circulating water 201 can be kept at 60-70 ℃ in the high-temperature stage of the fermentation process, so that the use requirement is met. The electric heating plate 203 is arranged on the inner wall of the compost heating tank 2 and is connected with the solar power generation structure 101 through a cable, the solar power generation structure 101 can provide electric energy for the electric heating plate 203, the electric heating plate 203 preheats the circulating water 201 and the fermented fertilizer 202, normal metabolism activities of composting microorganisms are maintained, and the composting efficiency and the composting product maturity are improved.
The seedling raising pond 3 can be installed in the photovoltaic greenhouse 1 in a cement pouring mode, as shown in fig. 3, the side wall and the bottom surface in the seedling raising pond 3 are both wound with the same circulating water pipe 301 in a bending mode, two ports of the circulating water pipe 301 are fixed on the compost heating tank 2, one water inlet port is positioned in circulating water 201 on the upper layer, the other water outlet port is positioned above the water surface of the circulating water 201, high-temperature circulating water 201 enters the circulating water pipe 301 from the water inlet port, and returns to the compost heating tank 2 from the water outlet port after heat exchange is performed between the seedling raising pond 3 and water 5 in the seedling raising pond 3, and the high-temperature circulating water 201 is subjected to circulating heating and heat exchange. The circulating water pipe 301 is also connected with the pump 6, and the pump 6 can control the flow rate of the circulating water 201 in the circulating water pipe 301 in a pressurizing mode, so that the use is more convenient. The drain pipe 303 is provided with a valve 3031, and water 5 in the seedling raising pool 3 can be drained by opening the valve 3031, so that water 5 can be conveniently changed.
A sand blocking net 302 is also arranged in the seedling raising pond 3, a layer of sediment 4 is paved at the bottom of the sand blocking net 302, and the sediment 4 is separated from the compost heating pot 2 by the sand blocking net 302. The gap between the contact part of the sand blocking net 302 and the sediment 4 is small (even there may be no gap), the water 5 can pass through, and the sediment 4 can not pass through. Crayfish has the habit of punching holes in sediment 4, avoids sediment 4 to be directly heated by circulating water pipe 301, and the temperature is too high to sediment 4 can not flow, and the heat is difficult to scatter, influences crayfish life habit easily. The gap between the contact part of the sand blocking net 302 and the sediment 4 is larger (but the contact part cannot exceed the body size of the crayfish, so that the crayfish is prevented from passing through the gap), and the water 5 on the two sides of the sand blocking net 302 can conveniently pass through heat exchange. The sand blocking net 302 can also play a role in blocking the crayfish, so that the crayfish is prevented from being scalded by the circulating water pipe 301.
The embodiment of the application also provides an off-season crayfish culture control method, which comprises the off-season crayfish culture system. The method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing for disinfection: 15cm thick sediment 4 is paved in the sediment blocking net 302, the sediment 4 can be river sand, and the river sand bacteria eggs are fewer, so that the disinfection is easy. Adding 0.5 m deep water 5 into the seedling raising pool 3, wherein the water 5 can pump river water;
2) Sterilizing with quicklime: uniformly splashing quicklime into the seedling raising pool 3 according to the size of the seedling raising pool 3 and the proportion of 0.1-0.15kg per square meter, controlling the pH value range to be 7.5-8.2, waiting for 2-3 days, and finishing disinfection;
3) Preparing a feeding place: planting pasture and water in the seedling pool 3 after the quicklime is disinfected, and then adding water to keep the water depth to be 1-1.5m;
4) Preparing a heating place: firstly, adding a fermented fertilizer 202 into a compost heat supply tank 2, then adding circulating water 201 into the compost heat supply tank 2, standing and layering;
5) Feeding: shrimp fries with the specification of more than 0.8cm are put into the seedling raising pond 3, 2 times of feed feeding are carried out in one day, when the water temperature in the seedling raising pond 3 is lower than 18 ℃, the pump 6 is turned on, and when the water temperature in the seedling raising pond 3 is higher than 28 ℃, the pump 6 is turned off.
6) Fishing: observing the growth trend of the crayfish, and fishing when the crayfish weight reaches more than 50 g.
The aquatic weeds can be selected from the group consisting of the waterweed, the goldfish algae, the black algae on the leaves and the water hyacinth, the waterweed, the goldfish algae and the black algae on the leaves are planted below the water surface to provide food for the crayfish, the water hyacinth is planted on the water surface, the coverage area of the water hyacinth occupies 70% of the area of the seedling raising pool 3, and a habitat is provided for the crayfish. The water surface floats on a straight blocking rope, two ends of the blocking rope are fixed on the wall of the seedling raising pool 3, and the blocking rope separates the water hyacinth, so that the water hyacinth is prevented from occupying the seedling raising pool 3. The feed can be selected from fish meal, shrimp shell powder, earthworm powder, soybean meal or distiller's grains. The fermented fertilizer 202 can be selected from leaves, vegetables, fruits, feces or straws, so that the materials are low in cost.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the solar power generation structure 101 includes a solar panel 1011 and an electric storage box 1012 electrically connected to each other, the solar panel 1011 is disposed on top of the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, and the electric storage box 1012 is electrically connected to the electric heating sheet 203. As shown in fig. 1, the solar power generation structure 101 is composed of a solar panel 1011 and an electric storage box 1012, the solar panel 1011 is paved on the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, and is used as the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, the solar panel 1011 plays a shielding role in daytime, and the crayfish can actively find food in a low-light environment, so that the crayfish is convenient to grow. The electric storage box 1012 is installed inside the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, electric energy generated by the solar panel 1011 enters the electric storage box 1012 through a cable and is stored, and the electric energy in the electric storage box 1012 is transmitted to the electric heating sheet 203 through the cable, so that the electric heating sheet 203 is caused to generate heat.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a bracket 102 is also installed in the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, and the power storage box 1012 is fixed to the bracket 102 by bolting. The bracket 102 lifts the power storage case 1012 to avoid the influence of moisture near the ground on the power storage case 1012.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a funnel-shaped feeding port 204 is formed at the top of the compost heating tank 2, and the feeding port 204 has a thick upper end and a thin lower end, so as to facilitate feeding. The temperature gauge is arranged in the seedling raising pool 3, a plurality of temperature gauges can be arranged, and the water temperature of the seedling raising pool 3 is monitored in real time, so that the seedling raising pool is convenient to adjust at any time according to the water temperature.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a stirring motor 205 is fixedly installed at the top of the compost heating tank 2, the stirring motor 205 is electrically connected to the solar power generation structure 101, the stirring motor 205 is provided with a rotating shaft 206 extending into the compost heating tank 2, and the rotating shaft 206 is provided with stirring blades 2061. After the stirring motor 205 is electrified, the rotation shaft 206 is driven to rotate, and the rotation shaft 206 drives the stirring blade 2061 to stir the circulating water 201, so that the circulating water 201 is heated uniformly.
Further, a discharge port 207 is provided at the bottom of the compost heating tank 2, and a discharge baffle 2071 is provided at the discharge port 207. The discharge hole 207 is arranged at the lower end of the compost heating tank 2, and a discharge baffle 2071 is arranged at the port position of the discharge hole 207. After the fermented fertilizer 202 in the compost heating tank 2 is thoroughly decomposed, the discharging baffle 2071 can be opened to flow out for collection, and the decomposed fermented fertilizer 202 is good fertilizer on crops. After complete removal, new fermented fertilizer 202 can be added from the feed inlet 204 of the compost heating tank 2 again for fermentation heat production.
Furthermore, a guiding inclined plate 208 is disposed in the compost heating tank 2, and the guiding inclined plate 208 is adapted to the discharge port 207. As shown in fig. 2, the diversion sloping plate 208 is fixedly welded at the bottom in the compost heating tank 2, the right end of the diversion sloping plate 208 is high, the left end of the diversion sloping plate 208 is low, and the left end of the diversion sloping plate 208 is aligned with the discharge hole 207, so that the fermented fertilizer 202 and the circulating water 201 in the compost heating tank 2 can be conveniently and automatically discharged completely.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the surface of the compost heating tank 2 is provided with a heat insulation shell 209, and the heat insulation shell 209 can perform a heat insulation function to reduce heat dissipation of the compost heating tank 2. The heat preservation shell 209 can select phenolic foam heat preservation shell, selects phenolic foam heat preservation shell to have heat preservation and fire prevention's function, and the result of use is better.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides an out-of-season crayfish breeding system, which comprises a photovoltaic greenhouse 1, wherein a compost heating tank 2 is arranged outside the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, circulating water 201, fermentation fertilizer 202 and an electric heating sheet 203 are arranged in the compost heating tank 2, a seedling raising pond 3 is arranged in the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, a sand blocking net 302, a circulating water pipe 301 and a drain pipe 303 are arranged in the seedling raising pond 3, the circulating water pipe 301 is coiled between the sand blocking net 302 and the seedling raising pond 3, two ports of the circulating water pipe 301 are connected with the compost heating tank 2, the circulating water pipe 301 is provided with a pump 6, a solar power generation structure 101 is arranged at the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse 1, the solar power generation structure 101 is electrically connected with the electric heating sheet 203, and a clean energy mode is adopted to provide heat energy for crayfish breeding, so that the yield of crayfish under low-temperature weather is improved. The embodiment of the invention also provides an out-of-season crayfish breeding control method, which comprises the steps of sterilizing quicklime, breeding, preparing and breeding and the like, so that the out-of-season crayfish breeding is completed, and the crayfish breeding in cold areas or winter is possible, and has great economic significance.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an out-of-season crayfish farming systems, its characterized in that, includes the photovoltaic big-arch shelter, be provided with compost heating jar outward by the photovoltaic big-arch shelter, be provided with circulating water, fermentation fertilizer and electrical heating piece in the compost heating jar, be provided with the pond of growing seedlings in the photovoltaic big-arch shelter, it is provided with sand blocking net, circulating water pipe and drain pipe to grow seedlings the pond, circulating water pipe coil set up in sand blocking net with between the pond of growing seedlings, circulating water pipe set up in bottom surface and the side in pond of growing seedlings, two ports of circulating water pipe all with compost heating jar are connected, circulating water pipe is provided with the pump machine, photovoltaic big-arch shelter top is provided with solar power generation structure, solar power generation structure with electrical heating piece electric connection, compost heating jar top is equipped with the pan feeding mouth of funnel shape, be provided with the thermometer in the pond of growing seedlings, agitator motor with solar power generation structure electric connection, agitator motor is provided with the heat supply jar inside rotation axis, the rotation leaf is provided with to the swash plate, the baffle is provided with the baffle, the baffle is provided with to the inside to the left side, the baffle is provided with the drain opening, the baffle is located to the drain opening, the drain opening is located to the drain opening.
2. The out-of-season crayfish farming system of claim 1, wherein the solar power generation structure comprises a solar panel and an electrical storage tank electrically connected to each other, the solar panel being disposed on top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, the electrical storage tank being electrically connected to the electrical heating sheet.
3. The out-of-season crayfish farming system of claim 2, wherein a bracket is provided within the photovoltaic greenhouse, the bracket being connected to the power storage tank.
4. The out-of-season crayfish farming system of claim 1, wherein the compost heating tank surface is provided with a thermal insulation enclosure comprising a phenolic foam thermal insulation enclosure.
5. A method of controlling the cultivation of off-season crayfish, comprising the off-season crayfish cultivation system of any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
1) Preparing for disinfection: spreading 15cm thick sediment into the sediment blocking net, and adding 0.5 m deep water into the seedling pool;
2) Sterilizing with quicklime: uniformly splashing quicklime into the seedling raising pond according to the size of the seedling raising pond and the proportion of 0.1-0.15kg per square meter, controlling the pH value range to be 7.5-8.2, waiting for 2-3 days, and finishing disinfection;
3) Preparing a feeding place: planting aquatic weed in the seedling pool after completing quicklime disinfection, and then adding water to keep the water depth to be 1-1.5m;
4) Preparing a heating place: firstly adding a fermented fertilizer into a compost heating tank, then adding circulating water into the compost heating tank, standing and layering;
5) Feeding: shrimp fries with the specification of more than 0.8cm are put into a seedling raising pond, 2 times of feed feeding are carried out in one day, when the water temperature in the seedling raising pond is lower than 18 ℃, the pump is turned on, and when the water temperature in the seedling raising pond is higher than 28 ℃, the pump is turned off;
6) Fishing: observing the growth trend of the crayfish, and fishing when the crayfish weight reaches more than 50 g.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the aquatic weeds comprise waterweed, goldfish algae, black algae on leaves and water hyacinth, the coverage area of the water hyacinth is 70% of the area of the nursery pond and is blocked by a blocking rope, the feed comprises fish meal, shrimp shell meal, earthworm meal, bean pulp or vinasse, and the fermented fertilizer comprises leaves, vegetables, fruits, feces or straws.
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