CN110269153A - 一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110269153A CN110269153A CN201910719437.3A CN201910719437A CN110269153A CN 110269153 A CN110269153 A CN 110269153A CN 201910719437 A CN201910719437 A CN 201910719437A CN 110269153 A CN110269153 A CN 110269153A
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- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- FTSSQIKWUOOEGC-RULYVFMPSA-N fructooligosaccharide Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@](CO)(OC[C@@]2(OC[C@@]3(OC[C@@]4(OC[C@@]5(OC[C@@]6(OC[C@@]7(OC[C@@]8(OC[C@@]9(OC[C@@]%10(OC[C@@]%11(O[C@H]%12O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]%12O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]%11O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]%10O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]9O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]8O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]7O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]6O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]5O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O FTSSQIKWUOOEGC-RULYVFMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims 2
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- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
本发明涉及“一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法”，属于小鹅用饲料技术及生产领域，它含有如下重量份的原料组分：玉米50‑55份、大豆粕17‑20份、米糠粕12‑16份、小麦粉4‑7份、玉米DDGS 3‑6份、谷氨酸渣1‑2份、氯化钠0.28‑0.35份、石粉1‑2份、磷酸氢钙（Ⅲ型）0.6‑0.8份、复合维生素0.02份、复合微量元素0.10份、微生物制剂0.05‑0.10份、氨基酸0.3‑0.5份、免疫多糖0.1‑0.3份、耐高温植酸酶0.03‑0.04份、禽用复合酶0.01‑0.03份。本发明饲料利用高温制粒、破碎及微生物制剂和复合酶协同使用等技术，能促进东北地区小鹅雏快速生长，提高育雏期成活率，降低雏鹅痛风病发生率。同时本饲料配方低磷、环保；使用的原料种类多样，充分利用了东北地区产量丰富的米糠粕、玉米DDGS、谷氨酸渣等原料，降低玉米和豆粕的使用量，属“节粮型”生物饲料产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前东北地区养鹅品种复杂，既有国外引进品种、也有本地东北白鹅、三花鹅及杂交品种，由于品种的复杂多样性，且国内无统一的鹅营养标准，导致小鹅饲料营养水平标准不一，饲喂后出现长势差、腹泻率高、成活率低、痛风病多发等情况。目前21日龄鹅雏的成活率在93%-96%，21日龄平均体重在650-800g不等，痛风发病率在3~10%，痛风发病后不仅影响生长，甚至会引起雏鹅死亡。2019年春季霍杂鹅雏的平均价格为14元/只，以饲养10000只鹅雏为例，21天成活率每降低1%，即死亡鹅雏100只：鹅雏的直接经济损失为1400元，再加上饲料费用276.7元，合计损失为1676.7元。因此，提高东北地区鹅雏成活率和增重已成为首要任务。
本发明是结合当前东北鹅杂交品种和本地白鹅养殖的实际情况，研制了一款适合东北地区小鹅专用的生物饲料。本专利的生物饲料利用氨基酸平衡理论、免疫多糖与微生物制剂、复合酶制剂协同作用等理论，使用优质原料经高温制粒熟化后提高小鹅雏对饲料的利用率，确保生长性能好；以免疫多糖和微生物制剂提高小鹅雏的体质和免疫力，从而提高小鹅育雏期成活率；以优质植物蛋白、禽用复合酶、含高水溶性磷的磷酸氢钙（Ⅲ型）促进蛋白质、钙和有效磷的吸收，减少雏鹅痛风的发病率。
发明内容
本发明是要提供一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，主要解决东北地区小鹅雏长势差、腹泻率高、免疫力低、成活率低、痛风病发病率高的问题。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，包括以下步骤：（1）原料预处理：先将玉米经原料初清筛和永磁筒除去大杂和铁屑，然后再用玉米脱皮机去除玉米皮表面霉菌。大豆粕经原料初清筛和永磁筒除去大杂和铁屑。（2）粉碎：分别将玉米、大豆粕、米糠粕等进行粉碎：（3）混合：先将用量少的原料如：氯化钠0.28-0.35份、石粉1-2份、磷酸氢钙（Ⅲ型）0.6-0.8份、复合维生素0.02份、复合微量元素0.10份、微生物制剂0.05-0.10份、氨基酸0.3-0.5份、免疫多糖0.1-0.3份、耐高温植酸酶0.03-0.04份、禽用复合酶0.01-0.03份进行一级预混合，形成复合预混合饲料。然后再按质量百分比为：玉米50-55份、大豆粕17-20份；米糠粕12-16份、小麦粉4-7份、玉米DDGS 3-6份、谷氨酸渣1-2份、复合预混合饲料（含：氯化钠0.28-0.35份、石粉1-2份、磷酸氢钙（Ⅲ型）0.6-0.8份、复合维生素0.02份、复合微量元素0.10份、微生物制剂0.05-0.10份、氨基酸0.3-0.5份、免疫多糖0.1-0.3份、耐高温植酸酶0.03-0.04份、禽用复合酶0.01-0.03份）进行充分混合，在混合机中混合时间为80-90s。（4）制粒：混合均匀后的物料经高温蒸汽制成颗粒状。（5）破碎：将制粒后冷却好的颗粒送入破碎机进行破碎，最终接出成品饲料。
所述的各组分的质量百分比分别为：玉米 54.1份、豆粕20份、米糠粕12份、小麦粉4.5份、玉米DDGS 4.5份、谷氨酸渣1.6份、氯化钠0.3份、石粉1.6份、磷酸氢钙（Ⅲ型）0.7份、复合维生素0.02份、复合微量元素0.10份、微生物制剂0.10份、赖基酸0.252份、蛋氨酸0.033份、苏氨酸0.015份、免疫多糖0.13份、耐高温植酸酶0.035份、禽用复合酶0.015份。
所述的微生物制剂中含：枯草芽孢杆菌20亿cfu/g、植物乳杆菌+嗜酸乳杆菌1亿cfu/g、酵母菌4亿cfu/g；所述的免疫多糖含：果寡糖1.0-2.0%。
本发明饲料适用于东北地区小鹅。
本发明的东北地区小鹅用生物饲料在齐齐哈尔市昂昂溪区头站村进行对比试验：试验组使用本发明的小鹅生物饲料，对照组饲喂市场购买的小鹅配合饲料。结果表明：（1）试验组21日龄成活率为97.83%，对照组21日龄成活率为93.77%，试验组成活率比对照组高4.06%。（2）试验组21日龄公母混养平均体重为842.3g/只，对照组21日龄公母混养平均体重为691.4g/只，试验组比对照组平均体重高150.9克/只。（3）试验组的累计痛风发病率为1.04%，对照组的累计痛风发病率为6.69%，试验组比对照痛风发病率低了5.65%。此外试验组的小鹅排出的粪便成型明显好于对照组，稀便、水样便明显少于对照组，但因养殖群体过大，未统计腹泻率数值。（4）经济效益分析：以养10000只鹅为例，按鹅雏14元/只，成活率提高4.06%，相当于多成活406只鹅雏，节约5684元；按406只鹅雏至100日龄成活率为90%、出栏均重为4.9kg、收购价为19元/kg、养殖成本为55元/只，则出栏鹅多获得406×0.9×4.9×19-406×55=11688.7元，合计增收17372.7元，具有非常高的经济效益。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：
（1）适合东北地区鹅雏使用，饲料营养均衡、高温熟化物料，使用后吸收好、增重快、腹泻率低。（2）小鹅雏成活率提高2-5%。（3）使用高水溶性磷的原料，钙、磷比例更科学，降低小鹅痛风病的发生。
Claims (7)
1.一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下重量配比的原料，经原料预处理、粉碎、混合、制粒、破碎制作而成：
玉米50-55份、大豆粕17-20份、米糠粕12-16份、小麦粉4-7份、玉米DDGS 3-6份、谷氨酸渣1-2份、氯化钠0.28-0.35份、石粉1-2份、磷酸氢钙（Ⅲ型）0.6-0.8份、复合维生素0.02份、复合微量元素0.10份、微生物制剂0.05-0.10份、氨基酸0.3-0.5份、免疫多糖0.1-0.3份、耐高温植酸酶0.03-0.04份、禽用复合酶0.01-0.03份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，其特征是原料重量配比的范围为：
玉米50-55份、大豆粕17-20份、米糠粕12-16份、小麦粉4-7份、玉米DDGS 3-6份、谷氨酸渣1-2份、氯化钠0.28-0.35份、石粉1-2份、磷酸氢钙（Ⅲ型）0.6-0.8份、复合维生素0.02份、复合微量元素0.10份、微生物制剂0.05-0.10份、氨基酸0.3-0.5份、免疫多糖0.1-0.3份、耐高温植酸酶0.03-0.04份、禽用复合酶0.01-0.03份。
3.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，其特征是原料微生物制剂的有效含量为：枯草芽孢杆菌20亿cfu/g、植物乳杆菌+嗜酸乳杆菌1亿cfu/g、酵母菌4亿cfu/g。
4.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，其特征是原料免疫多糖的有效含量：果寡糖1.0-2.0%。
5.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，其特征是本生物饲料所含复合维生素含量：维生素A 6000-9000IU/kg、维生素D3 2000-4000/kg、维生素K3 1.8-2.2mg/kg、维生素E 25-50IU/kg、维生素B1 2-5mg/kg、维生素B2 3-8mg/kg、维生素B6 4-10mg/kg、维生素B12 5-30µg/kg、烟酸20-50mg/kg、泛酸6-12mg/kg、叶酸0.5-1.0mg/kg、生物素0.1-0.4mg/kg、氯化胆碱600-1200mg/kg。
6.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，其特征是所述复合微量元素的配方为：铜13份、铁25份（其中有机铁20%）、锰23份、锌20份（其中有机锌25%）、硒4份(其中有机硒20%)、碘1份、载体14份。
7.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种东北地区小鹅用生物饲料及其制备方法，其特征是所述氨基酸的配方为：赖氨酸84份、 蛋氨酸11份、苏氨酸5份。
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